RELA

For other uses, see RELA Corps.

V-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)
PDB rendering based on 1bft.
Available structures PDB 1NFI, 2O61, 3GUT
Identifiers
Symbols	RELA; MGC131774; NFKB3; p65
External IDs	OMIM: 164014 MGI: 103290 HomoloGene: 32064 GeneCards: RELA Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • chromatin binding • sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • sequence-specific enhancer binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity • protein binding • transcription factor binding • protein kinase binding • ubiquitin protein ligase binding • protein complex binding • activating transcription factor binding • phosphate binding • identical protein binding • identical protein binding • sequence-specific DNA binding • transcription regulatory region DNA binding • protein N-terminus binding • NF-kappaB binding • repressing transcription factor binding • ankyrin repeat binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleoplasm • transcription factor complex • cytoplasm • cytosol • cytosol Biological process • liver development • hair follicle development • toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • transcription, DNA-dependent • anti-apoptosis • anti-apoptosis • inflammatory response • cellular defense response • aging • Toll signaling pathway • positive regulation of cell proliferation • response to mechanical stimulus • response to bacterium • organ morphogenesis • response to organic substance • response to inorganic substance • response to UV-B • positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiation • response to organic cyclic compound • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis • positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation • response to muramyl dipeptide • response to lipopolysaccharide • response to progesterone stimulus • response to insulin stimulus • response to cobalamin • toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway • toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway • toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway • toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway • negative regulation of protein catabolic process • response to drug • response to hydrogen peroxide • negative regulation of apoptosis • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade • response to amino acid stimulus • response to morphine • interspecies interaction between organisms • positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process • innate immune response • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway • nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway • regulation of inflammatory response • T cell receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • response to cAMP • defense response to virus • nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway • response to interleukin-1 Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5970	19697
Ensembl	ENSG00000173039	ENSMUSG00000024927
UniProt	Q04206	Q3U3Q8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001145138.1	NM_009045.4
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001138610.1	NP_033071.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 65.42 – 65.43 Mb	Chr 19: 5.64 – 5.65 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Transcription factor p65 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RELA gene.^[1]

NFKB1 (MIM 164011) or NFKB2 (MIM 164012) is bound to REL (MIM 164910), RELA, or RELB (MIM 604758) to form the NF-κB complex. The p50 (NFKB1)/p65 (RELA) heterodimer is the most abundant form of NF-κB. The NF-κB complex is inhibited by IκB (NFKBIA, MIM 164008 or NFKBIB, MIM 604495), which inactivate NF-κB by trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on the I-kappa-B proteins by kinases (IKBKA, MIM 600664, or IKBKB, MIM 603258) marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-κB complex. Activated NF-κB complex translocates into the nucleus and binds DNA at kappa-B-binding motifs such as 5-prime GGGRNNYYCC 3-prime or 5-prime HGGARNYYCC 3-prime (where H is A, C, or T; R is an A or G purine; and Y is a C or T pyrimidine).[supplied by OMIM]^[2]

Interactions

RELA has been shown to interact with NFKBIB,^[3][4] ETHE1,^[5] NFKBIE,^[6] RFC1,^[7] TRIB3,^[8] CREB binding protein,^{[9][10][11][12][13]} Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1,^[14] Glucocorticoid receptor,^[15][16][17] MTPN,^[18] BRCA1,^[19] C-Fos,^[20] POU2F1,^[21] BTRC,^[22] TATA-binding protein,^[23][24] IκBα,^{[22][25][26][27][28][29][30]} NFKB2,^[31][32] NFKB1,^[31][33] Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2,^[34][35] Aryl hydrocarbon receptor,^[36][37] CEBPB,^[38][39] HDAC3,^[25] DHX9,^[40] PARP1,^[41] ASCC3,^[42] HDAC1,^[10][26][43] CSNK2A2,^[44] Histone deacetylase 2,^[26][45] Casein kinase 2, alpha 1,^[44] Protein kinase Mζ,^[46] STAT3,^[47] RNF25,^[48] Sp1 transcription factor,^[49][50] CDK9,^[51] TAF4B,^[52] MEN1,^[53] PPP1R13L,^[54][55] APBA2,^[56] REL,^[28][31][57] ING4,^[58] EP300,^[13][26] FUS,^[59] PIAS3^[9] and C-jun.^[20]

References

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Further reading

• Baldwin AS (1996). "The NF-kappa B and I kappa B proteins: new discoveries and insights.". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 14: 649–83. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.649. PMID 8717528. 
• Bottex-Gauthier C, Pollet S, Favier A, Vidal DR (2002). "[The Rel/NF-kappa-B transcription factors: complex role in cell regulation]". Pathol. Biol. 50 (3): 204–11. PMID 11980335. 
• Garg A, Aggarwal BB (2002). "Nuclear transcription factor-kappaB as a target for cancer drug development.". Leukemia 16 (6): 1053–68. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402482. PMID 12040437. 
• Clarke R, Liu MC, Bouker KB, et al. (2003). "Antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer and the role of estrogen receptor signaling.". Oncogene 22 (47): 7316–39. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206937. PMID 14576841. 

External links

• MeSH RELA+protein,+human