- College town
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For the village in England, see College Town, Berkshire.
A college town or university town is a community (often literally a town, but possibly a small or medium sized specialized city, or in some cases a neighborhood or a district of a city) which is dominated by its university population. The university may be large, or there may be several smaller institutions such as liberal arts colleges clustered, or the residential population may be small, but college towns in all cases are so dubbed because the presence of the educational institution(s) pervades economic and social life. Many local residents may be employed by the university — which may be the largest employer in the community — many businesses cater primarily to the university, and the students' population may outnumber the local population.
In Europe, a university town is generally characterized by having an old university, often founded before, or in some cases shortly after, the industrial revolution. The economy of the city is closely related with the university activity and highly supported by the entire university structure, which may include university hospitals and clinics, university printing houses, libraries, laboratories, business incubators, student rooms, dining halls, students' unions, student societies, and academic festivities. Moreover, the history of the city is often intertwined with the history of the university itself. Many European university towns have not been merely important places of scientific and educational endeavor, but also centers of political, cultural and social influence to their respective societies throughout the centuries. Examples of these cities include Oxford, Cambridge, St Andrews, Szeged, Kraków, Leiden, Bologna, Coimbra, Salamanca, Leuven, Ghent, Heidelberg, Freiburg, Göttingen, Trondheim, Pisa, Marburg, Ferrara, Uppsala, Siena, Pavia, Delft, Tartu, Tübingen, or Poitiers. Potchefstroom and Stellenbosch are South African examples of university towns in the European tradition.
Besides a highly educated and largely transient population, a stereotypical college town often features a high number of people living non-traditional lifestyles and subcultures ("college town hippies") and high tolerance for unconventionality in general, an unusually active musical or cultural scene, and unusually left-wing politics, although there are exceptions; many college towns in the Southern United States are right-wing. While relatively lacking heavy industry, many have become centers of technological research and innovative startups.
Town-Gown relations
Main article: Town and gownAs in the case of a company town, the large and transient population attracted to the university may come into conflict with longstanding natives. Students may come from outside the area, and thus represent a different—sometimes radically different—culture. Furthermore, students are concentrated in a small, young (but still adult) age demographic, whose living habits may be different from older members of society.
Economically, the high spending power of the university and of its students in aggregate may inflate the cost of living above that of the region. Indeed, it is not uncommon to find that many university employees commute in from surrounding areas, finding the cost of living in town too expensive.
Studentification, in which a growing student population move in large numbers to traditionally non-student neighborhoods, may be perceived as a form of invasion or gentrification. The phenomenon has several causes, including university enrollment expanding beyond the capacity of on-campus housing, inadequate zoning enforcement, and student culture. At the same time as neighborhood associations work to limit conversion of family homes to student rentals, some local residents may oppose the construction of large on-campus dormitories or expansion of fraternity and sorority houses, forcing a growing enrollment to seek housing in town. Moreover, a single-family home can be converted into several smaller rental units, or shared by a number of students whose combined resources exceed those of a typical single-family rental—a strong incentive for absentee landlords to cater to students.
In the US, educational institutions are often exempted from paying local taxes, so in the absence of a system for "Payments In Lieu Of Taxes" (PILOT), the university population will disproportionately burden parts of the local public infrastructure, such as roads or law enforcement. Some analysts argue that students relieve the burden on other parts of the local public infrastructure, such as local primary and secondary schools, by far the most costly line item in most North American city and town budgets, they provide tax revenues, through local sales tax and property tax paid by landlords. When a university expands its facilities, the potential loss of property tax revenue is thus a concern, in addition to local desire to preserve open space or historic neighborhoods.
As a result, members of the local population may resent the university, and especially its students. The students, in turn, may criticize the local residents' taking jobs at the university provided by student tuition and fees, and accepting the tax revenues (e.g., local sales tax, property tax on rented properties) that students generate, but resenting students' lifestyles. Some students refer to regular inhabitants as townies, a term with somewhat derogatory connotations.
This "town and gown" dichotomy notwithstanding, students and the outside community typically find a peaceful (even friendly) coexistence, with the town's receiving significant economic and cultural benefits from the university, and the students' often adapting to the culture of the town.
Settlement in college towns
While noise, traffic, and other quality of life issues have not been resolved, some advocates of New Urbanism have led the development of neighborhoods in college towns by specifically capitalizing on their proximity to university life. For instance, some universities have developed properties to allow faculty and staff members to walk to work, reducing demand for limited on-campus parking; Duke University's Trinity Heights development is a key example. In many cases, developers have built communities where access to the university (even if not directly adjacent) is promoted as an advantage.
Student housing is also an important component of college towns. In the United States most state universities have 50 percent or more of their enrolled students living off-campus. This trend, which began in the 1960s, originally meant the conversion of near campus single-family homes to student housing, creating "student ghettos."
Colleges and other developers began building purpose-built off-campus student housing areas in the 1970s in more college towns. The Cotton District in Starkville, Mississippi is an especially well-designed example of such a development. Beginning around 2000 in the United States, nationwide real estate investment trusts (REIT) and publicly traded corporations began developing student housing complexes.
Another notable development since the 1990s is the surge in popularity of retirees relocating to college towns. Retirees are attracted to these locations because of cultural and educational opportunities, college athletic events, good medical facilities (often at teaching hospitals affiliated with medical schools), a low cost of living, and often a pedestrian- or public transit-friendly development pattern. Several development companies now specialize in constructing retirement communities in college towns. In some cases the communities have developed formal relationships with the local institution.
The demand for housing from students, faculty, staff, and retirees has kept college town home prices stable during the housing market downturn that began in 2005.[1]
College towns worldwide
The college town is largely an American phenomenon, according to Blake Gumprecht, an assistant professor of geography at the University of New Hampshire;[2] in Europe and Asia, most institutions of higher education grew together with major cities—with considerable exceptions such as Pantnagar, Aligarh, Cambridge, Oxford, Durham, Aberystwyth, St. Andrews, Coimbra, Lund, Trondheim and Heidelberg. As new institutions are increasingly founded in outlying locations to serve growing student populations, the phenomenon of the college town is recognizable worldwide.
College towns in Europe
Germany
- Freiburg im Breisgau (Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg, Hochschule für Musik Freiburg, International University of Cooperative Education, Protestant University for Applied Sciences Freiburg, University of Freiburg)
- Göttingen (University of Göttingen)
- Greifswald (University of Greifswald)
- Heidelberg (Hochschule für Jüdische Studien Heidelberg, Pädagogische Hochschule Heidelberg, Schiller International University, University of Applied Sciences in Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg)
- Jena (University of Applied Sciences in Jena, University of Jena)
- Konstanz (University of Applied Sciences in Konstanz, University of Konstanz)
- Marburg (University of Marburg)
- Tübingen (University of Tübingen)
- Greifswald (Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald)
Republic of Ireland
- Belfield (University College Dublin)
- Castletroy (University of Limerick)
- Maynooth (NUI Maynooth)
- Whitehall (Dublin City University)
United Kingdom
- Aberystwyth (Aberystwyth University)
- Bangor, Gwynedd (Bangor University)
- Birmingham (Aston University, Birmingham City University, Birmingham Conservatoire, Birmingham School of Acting, Newman University College, University College Birmingham, University of Birmingham)
- Cambridge (Anglia Ruskin University, University of Cambridge)
- Canterbury (Canterbury Christ Church University, University of Kent)
- Cardiff (Cardiff University)
- Colchester (University of Essex, Colchester Institute)
- Coleraine (University of Ulster at Coleraine)
- Derry (Magee College)
- Durham (Durham University)
- Hatfield, Hertfordshire (University of Hertfordshire)
- High Wycombe (Buckinghamshire New University)
- Kingston upon Hull (Hull School of Art, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, University of Lincoln)
- Lampeter (University of Wales, Trinity Saint David)
- Leeds (Leeds College of Art, Leeds College of Music, Northern School of Contemporary Dance, University of Leeds)
- Middlesbrough (Teesside University)
- Newport, Shropshire (Harper Adams University College, Keele University)
- Nottingham (Nottingham Trent University, University of Nottingham)
- Oxford (Oxford Brookes University, University of Oxford)
- St Andrews (University of St Andrews)
- York (The College of Law, University of York, York St John University)
- Worcester (University of Worcester) (Worcester College of Technology)
College towns in the United States
Alabama
- Auburn (Auburn University)[3]
- Florence (University of North Alabama)
- Jacksonville (Jacksonville State University)[4]
- Livingston (University of West Alabama)[4]
- Montevallo (University of Montevallo)[4]
- Troy (Troy University)[4]
- Tuscaloosa (University of Alabama),[5] Stillman College
- Tuskegee (Tuskegee University)[6]
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
- Arkadelphia (Henderson State University, Ouachita Baptist University)[4]
- Conway (Central Baptist College, Hendrix College, University of Central Arkansas)[4]
- Fayetteville (University of Arkansas)[8]
- Jonesboro (Arkansas State University)[9]
- Magnolia (Southern Arkansas University)[4]
- Monticello (University of Arkansas at Monticello)[4]
- Russellville (Arkansas Tech University)[4]
- Searcy (Harding University)[6]
California
- Angwin (Pacific Union College)[4]
- Arcata (Humboldt State University)[6]
- Berkeley (University of California, Berkeley)[6]
- Chico (California State University, Chico)[4]
- Claremont (Claremont McKenna College, Pomona College, Harvey Mudd College, Scripps College, Pitzer College, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont Graduate University)[6]
- Davis (University of California, Davis)[3]
- Irvine (University of California, Irvine)
- Isla Vista (University of California, Santa Barbara)[4]
- Orange (Chapman University)
- Palo Alto (Stanford University)
- Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona, WesternU)[10][11][12] and formerly Pomona College
- Redlands (University of Redlands)
- Riverside (University of California, Riverside, California Baptist University, La Sierra University)
- San Luis Obispo (California Polytechnic State University)[4]
- Santa Barbara (Fielding Graduate University, Santa Barbara City College, University of California, Santa Barbara, Westmont College)[4]
- Santa Cruz (University of California, Santa Cruz)[4]
- Turlock (California State University, Stanislaus)
- Westwood, Los Angeles (University of California, Los Angeles)[4]
Colorado
- Alamosa (Adams State College)[4]
- Boulder (University of Colorado at Boulder)[13]
- Durango (Fort Lewis College)[4]
- Fort Collins (Colorado State University)[14]
- Golden (Colorado School of Mines)
- Greeley (University of Northern Colorado)
- Gunnison (Western State College)[4]
Connecticut
- Fairfield (Fairfield University, Sacred Heart University)
- Hartford (University of Hartford, Trinity College, University of Connecticut School of Law)[4]
- Middletown (Wesleyan University)
- New Britain (Central Connecticut State University)
- New Haven (Yale University, University of New Haven, Southern Connecticut State University, Albertus Magnus College, Quinnipiac University)[15]
- New London (Connecticut College, US Coast Guard Academy, Mitchell College)[4]
- Storrs (University of Connecticut)[4]
- Willimantic (Eastern Connecticut State University)[4]
Delaware
Florida
- Ave Maria (Ave Maria University)
- Boca Raton (Florida Atlantic University)
- Coral Gables (University of Miami)
- DeLand (Stetson University)[6]
- Gainesville (University of Florida)
- St. Augustine (Flagler College)
- Tallahassee (Florida State University, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee Community College)
Georgia
- Athens (University of Georgia)[16]
- Carrollton (University of West Georgia)[4]
- Dahlonega (North Georgia College & State University)[4]
- Demorest (Piedmont College)[4]
- Fort Valley (Fort Valley State University)[4]
- Macon (Mercer University, Macon State College, Wesleyan College, & Central Georgia Technical College)
- Milledgeville (Georgia College & State University)[4]
- Mount Vernon (Brewton-Parker College)[4]
- Statesboro (Georgia Southern University)[6]
- Valdosta (Valdosta State University)[4]
- Waleska (Reinhardt College)[4]
- Young Harris (Young Harris College)[4]
Hawaii
Idaho
- Moscow (University of Idaho)[4]
- Pocatello (Idaho State University)[4]
- Rexburg (BYU-Idaho)[4]
Illinois
- Carbondale (Southern Illinois University Carbondale)[6]
- Champaign–Urbana (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign)[6]
- Charleston (Eastern Illinois University)[4]
- DeKalb (Northern Illinois University)[4]
- Edwardsville (Southern Illinois University Edwardsville)[4]
- Evanston (Northwestern University)[4]
- Lebanon (McKendree University)[4]
- Lincoln Park (DePaul University)
- Macomb (Western Illinois University)[4]
- Normal (Illinois State University)[4]
Indiana
- Bloomington (Indiana University Bloomington)[6]
- Greencastle (DePauw University)[6]
- Hanover (Hanover College)[4]
- Marion (Indiana Wesleyan University)[4]
- Muncie (Ball State University)[4]
- Oakland City (Oakland City University)[4]
- Terre Haute (Indiana State University, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology)[4]
- Upland (Taylor University)[4]
- Valparaiso (Valparaiso University)
- West Lafayette (Purdue University)[4]
Iowa
- Ames (Iowa State University)[4]
- Cedar Falls (University of Northern Iowa)[4]
- Decorah (Luther College)[6]
- Fayette (Upper Iowa University)[4]
- Grinnell (Grinnell College)[16]
- Iowa City (University of Iowa)[16]
- Lamoni (Graceland University)[4]
- Orange City (Northwestern College)[4]
- Sioux Center (Dordt College)[4]
- Storm Lake (Buena Vista University)[4]
- Waverly (Wartburg College)[4]
Kansas
- Baldwin City (Baker University)[6]
- Emporia (Emporia State University)[4]
- Hays (Fort Hays State University)[4]
- Lawrence (University of Kansas, Haskell Indian Nations University)[16]
- Manhattan (Kansas State University, Manhattan Christian College)[16]
- Pittsburg (Pittsburg State University)[4]
Kentucky
- Bowling Green (Western Kentucky University)[4]
- Columbia (Lindsey Wilson College)[4]
- Lexington (University of Kentucky)[6]
- Morehead (Morehead State University)[4]
- Murray (Murray State University)[6]
- Richmond (Eastern Kentucky University)[4]
- Williamsburg (University of the Cumberlands)[4]
- Wilmore (Asbury University, Asbury Theological Seminary)[4]
Louisiana
- Baton Rouge (Louisiana State University, Southern University)
- Grambling (Grambling State University)[6]
- Hammond (Southeastern Louisiana University)[4]
- Monroe (University of Louisiana at Monroe)[4]
- Natchitoches (Northwestern State University)[4]
- Ruston (Louisiana Tech University)[4]
- Thibodaux (Nicholls State University)[4]
Maine
- Augusta (University of Maine at Augusta)[4]
- Brunswick (Bowdoin College)
- Farmington (University of Maine at Farmington)[4]
- Fort Kent (University of Maine at Fort Kent)
- Gorham (University of Southern Maine)[4]
- Orono (University of Maine)[4]
- Waterville (Thomas College, Colby College)
Maryland
- Annapolis (United States Naval Academy, St. John's College)
- Chestertown (Washington College)[4]
- College Park (University of Maryland, College Park)[17]
- Cumberland (Allegany College of Maryland)
- Emmitsburg (Mount St. Mary's University)[4]
- Frostburg (Frostburg State University)[6]
- Princess Anne (University of Maryland Eastern Shore)[6]
- Towson (Towson University, Goucher College)[4]
- Salisbury (Salisbury University)[4]
- Westminster (McDaniel College)
Massachusetts
- Bridgewater (Bridgewater State College)[4]
- Cambridge (Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)[6]
- Chestnut Hill (Boston College)
- The Five College Region of Western Massachusetts:
- Fitchburg (Fitchburg State College)
- North Adams (Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts)
- Springfield (American International College), (Springfield College), and (Western New England College)
- Williamstown (Williams College)
- Worcester:
- Assumption, Becker, Clark University, Holy Cross, Worcester State University, WPI,
Michigan
- Albion (Albion College)[18]
- Allendale (Grand Valley State University)[19]
- Ann Arbor (University of Michigan)[3]
- Berrien Springs (Andrews University)[4]
- Big Rapids (Ferris State University)[4]
- East Lansing (Michigan State University)[4]
- Houghton (Michigan Technological University)[6]
- Kalamazoo (Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo College)[4]
- Marquette (Northern Michigan University)[4]
- Mount Pleasant (Central Michigan University)[4]
- Olivet (Olivet College)[4]
- Spring Arbor (Spring Arbor University)[4]
- Ypsilanti (Eastern Michigan University)[4]
Minnesota
- Bemidji (Bemidji State University)[4]
- Crookston (University of Minnesota Crookston)[4]
- Duluth (University of Minnesota Duluth, Lake Superior College, The College of St. Scholastica, University of Wisconsin–Superior, Duluth Business University
- Faribault, South Central College
- Mankato (Minnesota State University, Mankato),[4] Bethany Lutheran College
- Marshall (Southwest Minnesota State University)[4]
- Minneapolis (University of Minnesota)[4]
- Moorhead (Minnesota State University, Moorhead, Concordia College)[20]
- Morris (University of Minnesota Morris)[4]
- Northfield (Carleton College, St. Olaf College)[6]
- North Mankato, South Central College
- St. Cloud (St. Cloud State University, The College of St. Scholastica)[4]
- St. Joseph (College of Saint Benedict)[4]
- St. Paul (University of Minnesota, Hamline University, Macalester College, University of St. Thomas (Minnesota), The College of St. Scholastica)[4]
- St. Peter (Gustavus Adolphus College)[4]
- Winona (Winona State University, St. Mary's University of Minnesota)[21]
Mississippi
- Cleveland (Delta State University)[4]
- Hattiesburg (University of Southern Mississippi)[22]
- Itta Bena (Mississippi Valley State University)[4]
- Oxford (University of Mississippi)[4]
- Starkville (Mississippi State University)[4]
- Columbus (Mississippi University for Women)
Missouri
- Bolivar (Southwest Baptist University)[4]
- Cape Girardeau (Southeast Missouri State University)[4]
- Columbia (University of Missouri, Stephens College, Columbia College)[22]
- Fayette (Central Methodist University)[4]
- Fulton (Westminster College and William Woods University).
- Kirksville (Truman State University, A. T. Still University)[4]
- Maryville (Northwest Missouri State University)[4]
- Rolla (Missouri University of Science and Technology)[4]
- Springfield (Missouri State University, Drury University, Ozarks Technical Community College, Evangel University)
- Warrensburg (University of Central Missouri)[6]
- University City (Washington University in St. Louis)
Montana
- Bozeman (Montana State University)[4]
- Dillon (University of Montana Western)[4]
- Missoula (University of Montana)[6]
Nebraska
- Chadron (Chadron State College)[6]
- Crete (Doane College)[4]
- Kearney (University of Nebraska at Kearney)[4]
- Lincoln (University of Nebraska)
- Peru (Peru State College)[4]
- Seward (Concordia University)[4]
- Wayne (Wayne State College)[4]
Nevada
New Hampshire
- Durham (University of New Hampshire)[4]
- Hanover (Dartmouth College)[6]
- Henniker (New England College)
- Keene (Keene State College)[4]
- Plymouth (Plymouth State University)[4]
New Jersey
- Glassboro (Rowan University)[4]
- New Brunswick (Rutgers University)[6]
- Princeton (Princeton University)[6]
- West Long Branch (Monmouth University)
New Mexico
- Hobbs (University of the Southwest)[4]
- Las Cruces (New Mexico State University)[4]
- Las Vegas (New Mexico Highlands University)[4]
- Portales (Eastern New Mexico University)[4]
- Silver City (Western New Mexico University)[4]
New York
- Alfred (Alfred University, Alfred State College)[4]
- Albany (SUNY Albany, Siena College, Albany College of Pharmacy, Albany Law School, Albany Medical College, College of Saint Rose, Excelsior College, Maria College of Albany, Mildred Elley, Sage College of Albany)
- Aurora (Wells College)[23]
- Binghamton (Binghamton University)[4]
- Brockport (SUNY Brockport)[6]
- Canton (St. Lawrence University, SUNY Canton)[4]
- Clinton (Hamilton College)[4]
- Cobleskill (SUNY Cobleskill)[4]
- Delhi (SUNY Delhi)[4]
- Fredonia (SUNY Fredonia)[4]
- Geneseo (SUNY Geneseo)[4]
- Hamilton (Colgate University)[4]
- Ithaca (Cornell University, Ithaca College)[3]
- Morningside Heights, New York City (Columbia University, Barnard College, Teachers College, Manhattan School of Music, Jewish Theological Seminary, Union Theological Seminary, Bank Street College of Education)
- New Paltz (SUNY New Paltz)[4]
- Oneonta (SUNY Oneonta, Hartwick College)[4]
- Oswego (SUNY Oswego)[4]
- Plattsburgh (SUNY Plattsburgh)[4]
- Potsdam (SUNY Potsdam, Clarkson University)[4]
- Poughkeepsie (Vassar College, Marist College)[4]
- Rochester (University of Rochester, Rochester Institute of Technology, Nazareth College, St. John Fisher College, Monroe Community College, Roberts Wesleyan College, SUNY Brockport, SUNY Empire State College)[4]
- Saratoga Springs (Skidmore College)[4]
- Stony Brook (Stony Brook University)
- Syracuse (Syracuse University)
- West Point (United States Military Academy)
North Carolina
- Boiling Springs (Gardner-Webb University)[4]
- Boone (Appalachian State University)[4]
- Buies Creek (Campbell University)[4]
- Chapel Hill (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)[22]
- Cullowhee (Western Carolina University)[4]
- Davidson (Davidson College)[6]
- Durham (Duke University, North Carolina Central University)[6]
- Elon (Elon University)[4]
- Greensboro (University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro College, Guilford College, North Carolina A & T State University)
- Greenville (East Carolina University)[4]
- Mars Hill (Mars Hill College)[4]
- Mount Olive (Mount Olive College)[4]
- Pembroke (University of North Carolina at Pembroke)[4]
- Wingate (Wingate University)[4]
Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Wake Forest University, University of North Carolina School of the Arts, Salem College, Winston-Salem State University
North Dakota
Ohio
- Ada (Ohio Northern University)[4]
- Ashland (Ashland University)[4]
- Athens (Ohio University)[4]
- Berea (Baldwin Wallace College)
- Bluffton (Bluffton University)[4]
- Bowling Green (Bowling Green State University)[4]
- Cedarville (Cedarville University)[4]
- Columbus (Ohio State University)
- Delaware (Ohio Wesleyan University)
- Fairborn (Wright State University)
- Gambier (Kenyon College)[4]
- Granville (Denison University)[4]
- Hiram (Hiram College)[4]
- Kent (Kent State University)[4]
- Nelsonville (Hocking College)[4]
- New Concord (Muskingum College)[4]
- Oberlin (Oberlin College)[6]
- Oxford (Miami University)[6]
- Rio Grande (University of Rio Grande)[4]
- Wilberforce (Wilberforce University, Central State University)[4]
Oklahoma
- Ada (East Central University)[4]
- Alva (Northwestern Oklahoma State University)[4]
- Durant (Southeastern Oklahoma State University)[4]
- Edmond (University of Central Oklahoma, Oklahoma Christian University)[4]
- Goodwell (Oklahoma Panhandle State University)[4]
- Langston (Langston University)[6]
- Norman (University of Oklahoma)[3]
- Stillwater (Oklahoma State University)[6]
- Tahlequah (Northeastern State University)[4]
- Weatherford (Southwestern Oklahoma State University)
Oregon
- Ashland (Southern Oregon University)[4]
- Corvallis (Oregon State University)[22]
- Eugene (University of Oregon)[22]
- Forest Grove (Pacific University)
- La Grande (Eastern Oregon University)[4]
- McMinnville (Linfield College)
- Monmouth (Western Oregon University)[4]
Pennsylvania
- Altoona (Penn State Altoona)
- Annville (Lebanon Valley College)[4]
- Bethlehem (Lehigh University, Moravian College)
- Bloomsburg (Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Bradford (University of Pittsburgh at Bradford)
- California (California University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Carlisle (Dickinson College)
- Clarion (Clarion University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Collegeville (Ursinus College)
- Cresson (Mount Aloysius College)[4]
- East Stroudsburg (East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Edinboro (Edinboro University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Erie (Gannon University, Mercyhurst College, Penn State Erie)
- Gettysburg (Gettysburg College)[4]
- Greensburg (Seton Hill University, University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg)
- Grove City (Grove City College)[4]
- Huntingdon (Juniata College)[4]
- Indiana (Indiana University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Johnstown (University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown)
- Kutztown (Kutztown University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Lewisburg (Bucknell University)[6]
- Lock Haven (Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Loretto (St. Francis University)[4]
- Mansfield (Mansfield University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Meadville (Allegheny College)
- Mont Alto (Penn State Mont Alto)
- Millersville (Millersville University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- New Wilmington (Westminster College)[4]
- North East (Mercyhurst North East)
- University City, Philadelphia (Drexel University, University of Pennsylvania, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia)
- Oakland, Pittsburgh (Carnegie Mellon University, University of Pittsburgh, Carlow University)
- Selinsgrove (Susquehanna University)[4]
- Shippensburg (Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- Slippery Rock (Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania)[4]
- State College (Pennsylvania State University)[24]
- Waynesburg (Waynesburg University)
- West Chester (West Chester University of Pennsylvania)
- Wilkes-Barre (King's College)
- Williamsport (Lycoming College, Pennsylvania College of Technology)[4]
Puerto Rico
- Mayagüez, Puerto Rico (UPR Mayagüez, Hostos School of Law, Pontifical Catholic University, Antillean Adventist University)
- Ponce, Puerto Rico (Caribbean University, Inter-American University, Ponce School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University,
- UPR Ponce (Turabo University)
- Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico (University of Puerto Rico)
Rhode Island
- Kingston (University of Rhode Island)[4]
- Providence (Brown University, Rhode Island School of Design, Johnson and Wales University, Providence College, Rhode Island College, and Roger Williams University.)
South Carolina
- Central (Southern Wesleyan University)[4]
- Charleston (College of Charleston, MUSC)
- Clemson (Clemson University)[4]
- Columbia (University of South Carolina)[15]
- Orangeburg (South Carolina State University, Claflin University)[4]
- Spartanburg (Wofford College, Converse College, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg Methodist College)
South Dakota
- Brookings (South Dakota State University)[4]
- Madison (Dakota State University)
- Spearfish (Black Hills State University)
- Vermillion (University of South Dakota)[6]
Tennessee
- Cookeville (Tennessee Technological University)[4]
- Harrogate (Lincoln Memorial University)[4]
- Henderson (Freed-Hardeman University)[4]
- Knoxville (University of Tennessee)
- Martin (University of Tennessee at Martin)[4]
- Murfreesboro (Middle Tennessee State University)[4]
- Sewanee (Sewanee: the University of the South)[4]
- Nashville (Vanderbilt University, Belmont University, Tennessee State University, Lipscomb University, Fisk University, Aquinas College, Trevecca Nazarene University)
Texas
- Abilene (Abilene Christian University, Hardin-Simmons University, McMurry University)
- Alpine (Sul Ross State University)[4]
- Austin (University of Texas at Austin, St. Edwards University)[4]
- Beaumont (Lamar University)
- Canyon (West Texas A&M University)[4]
- College Station (Texas A&M University)[6]
- Commerce (Texas A&M University–Commerce)[4]
- Denton (University of North Texas, Texas Woman's University)[4]
- Georgetown (Southwestern University)
- Huntsville (Sam Houston State University)[4]
- Keene (Southwestern Adventist University)[4]
- Kingsville (Texas A&M University–Kingsville)[4]
- Lubbock (Texas Tech University, Lubbock Christian University)
- Nacogdoches (Stephen F. Austin State University)[4]
- Plainview (Wayland Baptist University)[4]
- Prairie View (Prairie View A&M University)[4]
- San Marcos (Texas State University–San Marcos)[6]
- Stephenville (Tarleton State University)[4]
- Waco (Baylor University)
Utah
- Cedar City (Southern Utah University)[4]
- Logan (Utah State University)[4]
- Provo (Brigham Young University)[6]
- Orem (Utah Valley University)
Vermont
- Burlington (University of Vermont, Champlain College and Saint Michael's College)[4]
- Castleton (Castleton State College)[4]
- Johnson (Johnson State College)[4]
- Lyndonville (Lyndon State College)[4]
- Middlebury (Middlebury College)[4]
- Northfield (Norwich University)[4]
Virginia
- Blacksburg (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)[6]
- Bridgewater (Bridgewater College)[4]
- Charlottesville (University of Virginia)[25]
- Farmville (Longwood University, Hampden-Sydney College)[4]
- Fredericksburg (University of Mary Washington)[4]
- Harrisonburg (James Madison University, Eastern Mennonite University)[4]
- Lexington (Washington and Lee University, Virginia Military Institute)[4]
- Lynchburg (Lynchburg College, Randolph College, Liberty University)
- Radford (Radford University)[4]
- Williamsburg (The College of William & Mary)[4]
- Wise (University of Virginia's College at Wise)[4]
Washington
- Bellingham (Western Washington University)
- Cheney (Eastern Washington University)[4]
- Ellensburg (Central Washington University)[6]
- Olympia (Evergreen State College)
- Pullman (Washington State University)[6]
West Virginia
- Athens (Concord University)[4]
- Buckhannon (West Virginia Wesleyan College)[4]
- Fairmont (Fairmont State University)[4]
- Glenville (Glenville State College)[4]
- Huntington (Marshall University)[4]
- Montgomery (West Virginia University Institute of Technology)[4]
- Morgantown (West Virginia University)[4]
- Shepherdstown (Shepherd University)[4]
- West Liberty (West Liberty University)[4]
Wisconsin
- Eau Claire (University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire)
- La Crosse (University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, Viterbo University)[4]
- Madison (University of Wisconsin–Madison)[4]
- Menomonie (University of Wisconsin–Stout)[4]
- Oshkosh (University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh)
- Platteville (University of Wisconsin–Platteville)[4]
- River Falls (University of Wisconsin–River Falls)[4]
- Stevens Point (University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point)[4]
- Whitewater (University of Wisconsin–Whitewater)[4]
Wyoming
College towns in Canada
- Kingston, Ontario (Queen's University, St. Lawrence College, and Royal Military College)
- Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario (University of Waterloo, Wilfrid Laurier University, Conestoga College)
- Halifax, Nova Scotia (Dalhousie University, Saint Mary's University, Mount Saint Vincent University, Nova Scotia Community College, Nova Scotia College of Art and Design, University of King's College)
See also
- Student ghetto
- Town and gown
- Company town
- Specialized City
- Category:Academic enclaves
Notes
- ^ Gopal, Prashant (March 13, 2008). "College Towns: Still a Smart Investment". BusinessWeek. http://businessweek.com/lifestyle/content/mar2008/bw20080313_093883.htm?chan=top+news_top+news+index_lifestyle. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
- ^ http://pubpages.unh.edu/~gumprech/20-percent-towns.pdf
- ^ a b c d e f g "Professor Writes First Book about Life in the American College Town". Newswise. November 10, 2008. http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/546238/. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it Blake Gumprecht, The American College Town
- ^ "College-town life has good and bad points". Tuscaloosa News. May 16, 2006. http://www.tuscaloosanews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060516/PULSE02/605160308/1005/9112002. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar Blake Gumprecht, The American College Town
- ^ NAU and Flagstaff make list of 'great college towns', Northern Arizona University press release, April 18, 2007]
- ^ "Fayetteville, Ark., no longer just a college town". Deseret News. July 30, 2007. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_/ai_n19436157. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ Serrano, Richard A. (January 26, 2008). "Huckabee's Jonesboro book still rankles". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jan/26/nation/na-huckabee26. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ Fair Oaks Walk - Frequently Asked Questions
- ^ http://adserver1.harvestadsdepot.com/medlanivdb/ss/livinghere/element/ads.shtml
- ^ Older Suburbs in the Los Angeles MetropolitanArea
- ^ Casnocha, Ben (October 10, 2008). "Start-Up Town". The American. http://www.american.com/archive/2008/september-october-magazine/start-up-town. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ "Frontier Outpost Grows Up". Sunset. October 2001. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1216/is_/ai_78901497. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ a b Winnie, Trista.Top 10 Small College Towns for Investment, NuWire Investor, August 15, 2007
- ^ a b c d e f Jaschik, Scott (October 20, 2008). "'The American College Town'". Inside Higher Ed. http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2008/10/20/collegetown. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ Morton, David (September 29, 2006). "Shell of a Town". Washington City Paper. http://www.washingtoncitypaper.com/cover/2006/cover0929.html.
- ^ Albion College Special Collections Historical Tour: Goodrich Chapel
- ^ "University Cities" Reference.com. Retrieved on 15 July 2009.
- ^ a b "Ben's Hometown of Moorhead - Moorhead, Minnesota". VirtualTourist.com. 16-03-2003. http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/576e8/c6aae/. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
- ^ "About Winona MN". Weekend on Wheels 2009. http://www.bikewow.org/place/. Retrieved 2009-05-23.[dead link]
- ^ a b c d e Ten College Towns for Grownups, Kiplinger's
- ^ Brad Edmondson, "All Dolled Up", Preservation Magazine, May/June 2002, reprinted by Aurora Coalition, Inc., accessed 10 Apr 2009
- ^ Small, Leslie (October 28, 2008). "Is State College 'real' enough for Palin?". Daily Collegian. http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2008/10/28/is_state_college_real_enough_f.aspx. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ Kurlantzick, Joshua (October 26, 2008). "36 Hours in Charlottesville". New York Times. http://travel.nytimes.com/2008/10/26/travel/26hours.html?8dpc. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
References
- Gumprecht, Blake. "The American College Town", The Geographical Review 93:1, January 2003.
- Gumprecht, Blake. "Fraternity Row, the Student Ghetto, and the Faculty Enclave: Characteristic Residential Districts in the American College Town", Journal of Urban History, 32:2, January 2006.
- Gumprecht, Blake. "Stadium Culture: College Athletics and the Making of Place in the American College Town", Southeastern Geographer 43:1, May 2003.
Categories:- Student culture
- University towns
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