Charlottesville, Virginia

"Charlottesville" redirects here. For the small town in Indiana, see Charlottesville, Indiana.

Charlottesville, Virginia
—  Independent City  —
Seal
Nickname(s): C'ville, Hoo-Ville, The Hook[1]
Motto: A great place to live for all of our citizens
Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia
2007 census map of Charlottesville
Coordinates: 38°1′48″N 78°28′44″W / 38.03°N 78.47889°W / 38.03; -78.47889
Country	United States
State	Virginia
Founded	1762
Government
- Mayor	Dave Norris
Area
- Total	10.3 sq mi (26.6 km2)
- Land	10.3 sq mi (26.6 km2)
- Water	0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation	594 ft (181 m)
Population (2010)
- Total	43,475
- Density	4,220.9/sq mi (1,634.4/km2)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes	22901-22908
Area code(s)	434
FIPS code	51-14968[2]
GNIS feature ID	1498463[3]
Website	http://www.charlottesville.org/

Charlottesville is an independent city geographically surrounded by but separate from Albemarle County in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States, and named after Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the queen consort of King George III of the United Kingdom.

The official population estimate for the city, calculated in 2010, was 43,475.^{[4] [5]} It is the county seat of Albemarle County^[6] though the two are separate legal entities. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Charlottesville with Albemarle County for statistical purposes, bringing the total population to 118,398. The city is the heart of the Charlottesville metropolitan area which includes Albemarle, Fluvanna, Greene and Nelson counties.

Charlottesville is best known as being the home to two U.S. Presidents (Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe), and nearby is that of James Madison in Orange, as well as the home of the University of Virginia, which, along with Monticello is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Monticello, Jefferson's mountain-top home, attracts approximately half a million tourists every year.^[7] . While both these gentlemen served as Governor of Virginia, they lived in Charlottesville and travelled to and from the capitol (Richmond, Virginia along the 71 mile (114 km) historic Three Notch'd Road.

History

Charlottesville was formed by charter in 1762 along a trade route called Three Notched Road (present day U.S. Route 250) which led from Richmond to the Great Valley. It was named for Queen Charlotte, the queen consort of King George III of the United Kingdom.

A view of Monticello from its gardens

During the American Revolutionary War, the Convention Army was imprisoned in Charlottesville between 1779 and 1781 at the Albemarle Barracks.^[8] On June 4, 1781, Jack Jouett warned the Virginia Legislature meeting at Monticello of an intended raid by Banastre Tarleton, allowing a narrow escape.

Unlike much of Virginia, Charlottesville was spared the brunt of the American Civil War. The only battle to take place in Charlottesville was the Skirmish at Rio Hill, in which George Armstrong Custer briefly engaged with local Confederate militia. The city was later surrendered by the Mayor and others to spare the town from being burnt. The Charlottesville Factory, circa 1820-30, was accidentally burnt during General Sheridan's raid through the Shenandoah Valley in 1865. This factory was seized by the Confederacy and used to manufacture woolen soldiers' wear. The mill ignited when coals were taken by Union troops to burn a near-by railroad bridge. The factory was rebuilt immediately after and known then on as the Woolen Mills until its liquidation in 1962.^[9]

The first black church in Charlottesville was established in 1864. Previously, it was illegal for African-Americans to have their own churches, although they could worship in white churches. A current predominately African-American church can trace its lineage to that first church.^[10] Congregation Beth Israel's 1882 building is the oldest synagogue building still standing in Virginia.^[11]

In the Fall of 1958, Charlottesville closed its segregated white schools as part of Virginia's strategy of massive resistance to federal court orders requiring integration as part of the implementation of the Supreme Court of the United States decision Brown v. Board of Education. The closures were required by a series of state laws collectively known as the Stanley plan. Negro schools remained open, however.^[12]

Historic Court Square

Charlottesville is the home of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory headquarters, the Leander McCormick Observatory and the CFA Institute. It is served by two area hospitals, the Martha Jefferson Hospital founded in 1903, and the University of Virginia Hospital.

The National Ground Intelligence Center (NGIC) is in the Charlottesville area. Other large employers include Crutchfield, GE Intelligent Platforms, PepsiCo and SNL Financial.

Geography

Charlottesville is located in the center of the Commonwealth of Virginia along the Rivanna River, a tributary of the James, just west of the Southwest Mountains, itself paralleling the Blue Ridge about 20 miles (32 km) to the west. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.3 square miles (27 km²), all of it land.^[13]

Charlottesville is 115 miles (185 km) from Washington, D.C. and 70 miles (110 km) from Richmond

The Rotunda at the University of Virginia, designed by Thomas Jefferson

Climate

Charlottesville has a four-season humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa), with all months being well-watered, though the period from May to September is the wettest. Winters are somewhat cool, with a January average of 35.5 °F (1.9 °C), though lows can fall into the teens (< -7 °C) on some nights and highs frequently (10 days in January) reach 50 °F (10 °C).^[14] The spring and autumnal transitions are of reasonable length, the former being dry, allowing for seasonal allergies. Summers are hot and humid, with July averaging 76.9 °F (24.9 °C) and the high exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) on 29 or more days per year.^[14]

Snowfall in winter generally occurs in light amounts and does not remain long, with a median seasonal amount of 7 inches (18 cm).^[14]

Climate data for Charlottesville, Virginia
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °F (°C)	44.7 (7.1)	48.7 (9.3)	57.8 (14.3)	69.0 (20.6)	76.3 (24.6)	83.9 (28.8)	88.0 (31.1)	86.4 (30.2)	80.1 (26.7)	69.5 (20.8)	59.2 (15.1)	48.5 (9.2)	67.7
Average low °F (°C)	26.2 (−3.2)	28.6 (−1.9)	36.0 (2.2)	45.1 (7.3)	54.0 (12.2)	61.8 (16.6)	65.8 (18.8)	64.3 (17.9)	58.3 (14.6)	47.0 (8.3)	38.5 (3.6)	30.0 (−1.1)	46.3
Precipitation inches (mm)	3.71 (94.2)	3.30 (83.8)	4.05 (102.9)	3.34 (84.8)	4.86 (123.4)	4.46 (113.3)	4.94 (125.5)	4.14 (105.2)	4.85 (123.2)	4.22 (107.2)	3.74 (95)	3.26 (82.8)	48.87 (1,241.3)
Snowfall inches (cm)	4.7 (11.9)	6.1 (15.5)	3.2 (8.1)	0.3 (0.8)	0.0 (0)	0.0 (0)	0.0 (0)	0.0 (0)	0.0 (0)	0.0 (0)	0.8 (2)	2.6 (6.6)	17.7 (45)
Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)	10.1	9.8	11.1	10.4	12.6	10.2	12.0	11.0	10.0	8.3	9.5	9.7	124.7
Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)	2.3	2.2	1.2	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.4	1.4	7.7
Source: NOAA[14]

Attractions and culture

Charlottesville has a large series of attractions and venues for its relatively small size. Visitors come to the area for wine and beer tours, ballooning, hiking, and world-class entertainment that perform at one of the area's four larger venues. The city is both the launching pad and home of the Dave Matthews Band as well as the center of a sizable indie music scene.^[15]

The Charlottesville area was the home of Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe. Monticello, Jefferson's plantation manor, is located just a few miles from downtown. The home of James Monroe, Ash Lawn-Highland, is down the road from Monticello. About 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Charlottesville lies the home of James and Dolley Madison, Montpelier. During the summer, the Ash Lawn-Highland Opera Festival is held at the downtown Paramount Theater with a performance at Ash Lawn-Highland.

The nearby Shenandoah National Park offers recreational activities and beautiful scenery, with rolling mountains and many hiking trails. Skyline Drive is a scenic drive that runs the length of the park, alternately winding through thick forest and emerging upon sweeping scenic overlooks. The Blue Ridge Parkway, a similar scenic drive that extends 469 miles (755 km) south to Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina, terminates at the southern entrance of Shenandoah, where it turns into Skyline Drive. This junction of the two scenic drives is only 22 miles (35 km) west of downtown Charlottesville.

Charlottesville's downtown is a center of business for Albemarle County.^{[citation needed]} It is home to the Downtown Mall, one of the longest outdoor pedestrian malls in the nation, with stores, restaurants, and civic attractions. The renovated Paramount Theater hosts various events, including Broadway shows and concerts. Local theatrics downtown include Charlottesville's community theater Live Arts. Outside downtown are the New Lyric Theatre and Heritage Repertory Theatre at UVa. Other attractions on the Downtown Mall are the Virginia Discovery Museum and a 3,500 seat outdoor amphitheater, the Charlottesville Pavilion. Court Square, just a few blocks from the Downtown Mall, is the original center of Charlottesville and several of the historic buildings there date back to the city's founding in 1762.^{[citation needed]}

The Downtown Mall

Charlottesville also is home to the University of Virginia (most of which is legally in Albemarle County^[16]). During the academic year more than 20,000 students pour into Charlottesville to attend the university. Its main grounds are located on the west side of Charlottesville, with Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village, known as the Lawn, as the centerpiece. The Lawn is a long esplanade crowned by two prominent structures, The Rotunda (designed by Jefferson) and Old Cabell Hall (designed by Stanford White). Along the Lawn and the parallel Range are dormitory rooms reserved for distinguished students. The University Programs Council is a student-run body that programs concerts, comedy shows, speakers, and other events open to the students and the community, such as the annual "Lighting of the Lawn".^[17][18] One block from The Rotunda, the University of Virginia Art Museum exhibits work drawn from its collection of more than 10,000 objects and special temporary exhibitions from sources nationwide. It is also home to the Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School where all U.S. Army military lawyers, known as "JAGs", take courses specific to military law.

Downtown Mall

Mudhouse Coffeehouse on the Downtown Mall

The Corner is the commercial district abutting the main grounds of UVa, along University Avenue. This area is full of college bars, eateries, and UVa merchandise stores, and is busy with student activity during the school year. Pedestrian traffic peaks during UVa home football games and graduation ceremonies. Much of the University's Greek life is on nearby Rugby Road, contributing to the nightlife and local bar scene. West Main Street, running from the Corner to the Downtown Mall, is a commercial district of restaurants, bars, and other businesses.^[19]

Charlottesville is host to the annual Virginia Film Festival in October, the Charlottesville Festival of the Photograph in June, and the Virginia Festival of the Book in March.^{[citation needed]} In addition, the Foxfield Races are steeplechase races held in April and October of each year. A Fourth of July celebration, including a Naturalization Ceremony, is held annually at Monticello, and a First Night celebration has been held on the Downtown Mall since 1982.^{[citation needed]}

Sports

Charlottesville has no professional sports teams, but is home to the University of Virginia's athletic teams, the Cavaliers, who have a wide fan base throughout the region. The Cavaliers field teams in sports from soccer to basketball, and have modern facilities that draw spectators throughout the year. Cavalier football season draws the largest crowds during the academic year, with football games played in Scott Stadium. The stadium hosts large musical events, including concerts by the Dave Matthews Band, The Rolling Stones, and U2.^{[citation needed]}

John Paul Jones Arena opened in Fall 2006

John Paul Jones Arena, which opened in 2006, is the home arena of the Cavalier basketball teams, in addition to serving as a site for concerts and other events. The arena seats 14,593 for basketball. In its first season in the new arena concluded in March 2007, the Virginia men's basketball team tied with UNC for 1st in the ACC. Also included in the arena are multiple locker rooms, coaches' office complexes, a training room, a strength and conditioning area and a large equipment room.^{[citation needed]}

Both men's and women's lacrosse have become a significant part of the Charlottesville sports scene. The Virginia Men's team won their first NCAA Championship in 1972; in 2006, they won their fourth National Championship and were the first team to finish undefeated in 17 games (then a record for wins). Virginia's Women's team has three NCAA Championships to its credit, with wins in 1991, 1993, and 2004. The soccer program is also strong; the Men's team shared a national title with Santa Clara in 1989 and won an unprecedented four consecutive NCAA Division I Championships (1991–1994). Their coach during that period was Bruce Arena, who later won two MLS titles at D.C. United and coached the U.S. National Team during the 2002 and 2006 World Cups. The Virginia Men's soccer team won the NCAA Championship again in 2009 under coach George Gelnovatch. Virginia's baseball team, has enjoyed a resurgence in recent years, under Head Coach Brian O'Connor.^{[citation needed]}

Charlottesville area high school sports have been prominent throughout the state. Charlottesville is a hotbed for lacrosse in the country, with teams such as St. Anne's-Belfield School, The Covenant School, Tandem Friends School, Charlottesville Catholic School, Charlottesville High School, Western Albemarle High School and Albemarle High School. Charlottesville High School won the VHSL Group AA soccer championship in 2004. St. Anne's-Belfield School won its fourth state private-school championship in ten years in football in 2006. The Covenant School won the state private-school title in boys' cross country in the 2007–08 school year, the second win in as many years, and that year the girls' cross country team won the state title. Monticello High School won the VHSL Group AA state football title in 2007. Albemarle High School's boys 4x800 track team currently holds the world record.^{[citation needed]}

Transportation

Charlottesville is served by Charlottesville-Albemarle Airport, the Charlottesville Amtrak Station, and a Greyhound Lines intercity bus terminal. Direct bus service to New York City is also provided by the Starlight Express. Charlottesville Area Transit provides area bus service, augmented by JAUNT, a regional paratransit van service. University Transit Service provides mass transit for students and residents in the vicinity of the University of Virginia. The highways passing through Charlottesville are I-64, its older parallel east-west route US 250, and the north-south US 29. Also Virginia State Route 20 passes north-south through downtown. US 29 and US 250 by-pass the city. Charlottesville has four exits on I-64.

Rail transportation

Amtrak, the national passenger rail service, provides service to Charlottesville with three routes: The Cardinal (service between Chicago and New York City via central Virginia and Washington, D.C.), select Northeast Regional trains (service between Boston and Lynchburg) and the Crescent (service between New York City and New Orleans). The Cardinal operates three times a week, while the Crescent and Northeast Regional both run daily in both directions.

Charlottesville was once a major rail hub, served by both the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) and the Southern Railway. The first train service to Charlottesville was by the Louisa Railroad Company, which became the Virginia Central Railroad, before becoming the C&O. The Southern Railway started service to Charlottesville around the mid-1860s with a north-south route crossing the C&O east-west tracks. The new depot which sprang up at the crossing of the two tracks was called Union Station. In addition to the new rail line, Southern located a major repair shop which produced competition between the two rail companies and bolstered the local economy. The Queen Charlotte hotel went up on West Main street along with restaurants for the many new railroad workers.

The former C&O station on East Water Street was turned into offices in the mid 1990s. Union Station, still a functional depot for Amtrak, is located on West Main street between 7th & 9th streets where the tracks of the former C&O Railway (leased by C&O successor CSX to Buckingham Branch Railroad) and Southern (now Norfolk Southern Railway) lines cross. Amtrak and the city of Charlottesville finished refurbishing the station just after 2000, upgrading the depot and adding a full-service restaurant. The Amtrak Crescent travels on Norfolk Southern's dual north-south tracks. The Amtrak Cardinal runs on the Buckingham Branch east-west single track, which follows U.S. Route 250 from Staunton to a point east of Charlottesville near Cismont. The eastbound Cardinal joins the northbound Norfolk Southern line at Orange, on its way to Washington, D.C.

There are proposals to extend Virginia Railway Express, the commuter rail line connecting Northern Virginia to Washington, D.C., to Charlottesville.^[20] Also, the Transdominion Express steering committee has suggested making Charlottesville a stop on the proposed statewide passenger rail line.^[21]

Economy

Largest Employers

According to the City's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,^[22] the largest employers in the city are:

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	University of Virginia Health System	1,000+
2	Martha Jefferson Hospital	1,000+
3	City of Charlottesville	1,000+
4	Charlottesville City Public Schools	500-999
5	Aramark	500-999
6	Region Ten	500-999
7	SNL Financial (HQ)	250-499
8	United States Postal Service	250-499
9	PRA International	250-499
10	Kroger	250-499
11	Matthew Bender & Company	250-499

Media

Charlottesville has a main daily newspaper: The Daily Progress. Weekly publications include C-Ville Weekly and The Hook along with the monthly magazines Blue Ridge Outdoors, AlbemarleFamily Living and Albemarle Magazine. A daily newspaper, The Cavalier Daily, is published by an independent student group at UVa. Additionally, the alternative newsmagazine of UVa, The Declaration, is printed every other week with new online content every week. The monthly newspaper Echo covers holistic health and related topics.

Charlottesville is served by all of the major television networks through stations WVIR 29 (NBC/CW on DT2), WHTJ 41 (PBS), WCAV 19 (CBS), WAHU 27 (FOX), and WVAW 16 (ABC). News-talk radio in Charlottesville can be heard on WINA 1070 and WCHV 1260. Sports radio can be heard on WKAV 1400 and WVAX 1450. National Public Radio stations include WMRA 103.5 FM and RadioIQ 89.7 FM. Commercial FM stations include WQMZ Lite Rock Z95.1 (AC), WWWV (3WV) (classic rock) 97.5, WCYK (country) 99.7, WHTE (CHR) 101.9, WZGN (Generations) 102.3, WCNR (The Corner) 106.1 and WWTJ (Tom) 107.5. There are also several community radio stations operated out of Charlottesville, including WNRN and WTJU, and community television stations CPA-TV and Charlottesville's Own TV10.

Education

Considered one of the original Public Ivies, the University of Virginia, is located in Charlottesville. It was ranked #2 by US News and World Report in 2011 and #6 by Forbes in 2009 amongst public universities.^[23]

Charlottesville is served by the Charlottesville City Public Schools. The school system operates six elementary schools, Buford Middle School and Charlottesville High School. It operated Lane High School jointly with Albemarle County from 1940–1974, when it was replaced by Charlottesville High School.

Albemarle County Public Schools, which serves nearby Albemarle County, has its headquarters in Charlottesville.^[24]

Charlottesville also has the following private schools, some attended by students from Albemarle county and surrounding areas:

• Charlottesville Catholic School
• Charlottesville Waldorf School
• The Covenant School (Lower campus)
• Renaissance School
• St. Anne's-Belfield School (Greenway Rise campus)
• Village School
• The Virginia Institute of Autism

City children also attend several private schools in the surrounding county.

Demographics

City Hall

As of the census of 2000, there were 45,049 people, 16,851 households, and 7,633 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,389.7 people per square mile (1,695.3/km²). There were 17,591 housing units at an average density of 1,714.1 per square mile (662.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.56% White, 22.22% Black or African American, 0.11% Native American, 4.93% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.02% from other races, and 2.13% from two or more races. 2.45% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.^[25]

There were 16,851 households out of which 20.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.2% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.7% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.85.^[25]

The age distribution was 15.2% under the age of 18, 33.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 15.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.6 males.^[25] The city's low median age and the "bulge" in the 18-to-24 age group are both due to the presence of the University of Virginia.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,007, and the median income for a family was $45,110. Males had a median income of $31,197 versus $26,458 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,973. About 12.0% of families and 25.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.8% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.^[25]

Federally, Charlottesville is part of Virginia's 5th congressional district, represented by Republican Robert Hurt, elected in 2010.

Crime

The city of Charlottesville has an overall crime rate higher than the national average, which tends to be a typical pattern for urban areas of the Southern United States.^[26][27] The total crime index for Charlottesville was 487.9 crimes committed per 100,000 citizens for the year of 2006, the national average for the United States was 320.9 crimes committed per 100,000 citizens.^[28] For the year of 2006, Charlottesville ranked higher on all violent crimes except for robbery, the city ranked lower in all categories of property crimes except for larceny theft.^[29] As of 2008, there was a total of 202 reported violent crimes, and 1,976 property crimes.^[30]

Notable residents

Main article: List of people from Charlottesville, Virginia

Since the city's early formation, it has been home to numerous notable individuals, from historic figures Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe, to literary giants Edgar Allan Poe and William Faulkner. In the present day, Charlottesville's Albemarle County is home to, or has been the home of movie stars Rob Lowe, Sissy Spacek, and Sam Shepherd, novelist John Grisham, the poet Rita Dove, the rock band Dave Matthews Band, the pop band Parachute, and reality TV star Colin Steers, from the Bravo TV show Make Me a Supermodel.^[31] Charlottesville was also the home of Anna Anderson, who claimed to be the Grand Duchess Anastasia and to have survived the massacre of the Russian Imperial Family. This city is also home for the renowned Tibetan lama Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, his family and his Ligmincha Institute.

Sister cities

Charlottesville has four sister cities:^[32]

• Besançon, France
• Pleven, Bulgaria
• Poggio a Caiano, Italy
• Winneba, Ghana.^[33]

See also

• Mayors of Charlottesville, Virginia
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Charlottesville, Virginia
• People from Charlottesville, Virginia
• Topics related to Charlottesville, Virginia

References

1. ^ [1] The Hook FAQ
2. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
3. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
4. ^ [2]
5. ^ [3]. Weldon Cooper Center 2010 Census Count Retrieved September 8, 2011
6. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
7. ^ "About the Thomas Jefferson Foundation and Monticello". The Thomas Jefferson Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-02-14. http://web.archive.org/web/20080214121430/http://www.monticello.org/about/foundation.html. Retrieved 2008-03-18. 
8. ^ Moore, John Hammond (1976). Albemarle: Jefferson's County, 1727 - 1976. Charlottesville: Albemarle County Historical Society & University Press of Virginia. ISBN 0813906458. 
9. ^ Museum of African American Art (Santa Monica Calif.); Hampton University (Va.). Museum (1998). The International review of African American art. Museum of African American Art. p. 23. http://books.google.com/books?id=4htVAAAAMAAJ. Retrieved 22 October 2010. 
10. ^ "A Brief History of First Baptist Church". Transformation Ministries. http://www.transminfbc.org/history.html. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
11. ^ Rediscovering Jewish Infrastructure: Update on United States Nineteenth Century Synagogues, Mark W. Gordon, American Jewish History 84.1 (1996) 11-27 [4]
12. ^ Roberts, Gene and Hank Klibanoff (2006). The Race Beat: The Press, the Civil Rights Struggle, and the Awakening of a Nation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0679403817. 
13. ^ "Land Area and Population Density: 1990" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/prod/1/90dec/cph4/tables/cph4tb48/table-05.pdf. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
14. ^ ^{a b c d} "Climatography of the United States No. 20: 1971-2000" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/va/441593.pdf. Retrieved 2010-09-16. 
15. ^ Carey Sargent, "Local Musicians Building Global Audiences." Information, Communication and Society, 12 (4); "Interview with Carey Sargent," Feb. 4, 2008. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Vem4i8xFLw
16. ^ UVa's main grounds lie on the border of the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County. Although maps may include this area within the city boundaries, most of it legally is in the county. Exceptions include the University Hospital, built in 1989 on land which remains part of the city. Detailed PDF maps are available at: "Space and Real Estate Management: GIS Mapping". University of Virginia. http://www.web.virginia.edu/srem/teams/. Retrieved 2008-04-25.  See also: Loper, George (July 2001). "Geographical Jurisdiction". Signs of the Times. Archived from the original on 2008-04-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20080416073405/http://george.loper.org/trends/2001/Jul/94.html. Retrieved 2008-04-25. 
17. ^ "The University of Virginia's Historic Lawn Lights Up" (Press release). University of Virginia. 2007-12-06. http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=3408. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
18. ^ Kuhlman, Jay (2006-12-06). "UVA illumination draws thousands". The Hook. http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2007/12/13/PHOTOPHILE-Lawn-A.rtf.aspx. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
19. ^ McNair, Dave (2008-01-17). "West Main Street: Then and Now". The Hook. http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2008/01/17/COVER-west%20main-C.rtf.aspx. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
20. ^ "CvilleRail". http://www.cvillerail.org. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
21. ^ "TransDominion Express Route Map". The Committee to Advance The TransDominion Express. http://www.tdxinfo.org/proposed-route-map/. Retrieved 2010-04-05. 
22. ^ "City of Charlottesville 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report" (PDF). https://www.charlottesville.org/modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=17591. 
23. ^ Forbes staff (August 5, 2009). "America's Best Public Colleges". Forbes. Retrieved August 7, 2009.
24. ^ "header_1275833942_.swf." Albemarle County Public Schools. Retrieved on October 7, 2011. "401 McIntire Road | Charlottesville, VA 22892"
25. ^ ^{a b c d} "DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=n&_lang=en&qr_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_DP1&ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&geo_id=05000US51540. Retrieved 2006-06-02. 
26. ^ http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2007/offenses/standard_links/regional_estimates.html
27. ^ "South's high murder rate is key factor in why U.S. homicide rate is so high". Jet. 1998. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_n12_v94/ai_21020057/pg_1?tag=artBody;col1. 
28. ^ Charlottesville, Virginia (VA) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, sex of...
29. ^ Charlottesville Crime Statistics and Crime Data (Charlottesville, VA)
30. ^ Charlottesville : Crime Statistics
31. ^ The Hook - The Dish : Blog Archive » Would-be supermodels: Fierce no more and barely fierce
32. ^ "Online Directory: Virginia, USA". Sister Cities International. http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/usa/VA. Retrieved 2006-06-02. 
33. ^ Tasha Kates (November 15, 2009). "Residents chime in on city clock designs". The Daily Progress. http://www2.dailyprogress.com/cdp/news/local/local_govtpolitics/article/residents_chime_in_on_city_clock_designs/48880/. 

External links

• Official City Government website
• Charlottesville During the Civil War in Encyclopedia Virginia
• Charlottesville, A Brief Urban History
• Albemarle Charlottesville Historical Society Online Exhibits

Coordinates: 38°01′48″N 78°28′44″W / 38.02990°N 78.4790°W / 38.02990; -78.4790