Miami University

This article is about the university in Ohio. For the university in Florida, see University of Miami.

Coordinates: 39°30′43″N 84°44′05″W / 39.511905°N 84.734674°W / 39.511905; -84.734674

Miami University
Latin: Universitas Miamiensis
Motto	Prodesse Quam Conspici
Motto in English	To Accomplish Rather Than To Be Conspicuous
Established	1809
Type	Public
Endowment	$315.9 million[1]
President	David C. Hodge
Provost	Conrado Gempesaw
Admin. staff	1,400 system-wide
Students	20,126 system-wide
Undergraduates	18,863 system-wide; 14,872 Oxford
Postgraduates	1,642 system-wide
Location	Oxford, Ohio, Hamilton, Ohio, Middletown, Ohio, West Chester, Ohio, Differdange, Luxembourg
Campus	2,000 acres (8 km2)
Athletics	18 NCAA Division I / Bowl Subdivision[2] Mid-American Conference Central Collegiate Hockey Association
Colors	Red and White
Nickname	RedHawks
Mascot	Swoop the RedHawk
Affiliations	University System of Ohio
Website	www.muohio.edu

Miami University (informally known as Miami, Miami U, Miami of Ohio, and MU) is a coeducational public research university located in Oxford, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1809, it is the 10th oldest public university in the United States and the second oldest university in Ohio, founded four years after Ohio University.^[3] In its 2012 edition, U.S. News & World Report ranked the university 90th overall, 40th among U.S. public universities^[4], 2nd among public universities in Ohio^[5], and 3rd for best undergraduate teaching at national universities.^[6][7]

Miami's Division I sports teams are called the RedHawks. They compete in the Mid-American Conference in all sports except ice hockey, in which the team is part of the Central Collegiate Hockey Association. Miami is nicknamed the "Cradle of Coaches" for the star-quality coaches that have left its football program. Its men's basketball team has appeared in 16 NCAA basketball championships, reaching the Sweet Sixteen four times. Miami's ice hockey team finished runner-up in the 2009 national championship game. The archrivals of the Miami RedHawks are the Ohio Bobcats.

History

Old Miami

Elliott Hall was modeled after Yale's Connecticut Hall.

The foundations for Miami University were first laid by an Act of Congress signed by President George Washington, stating that an academy should be located Northwest of the Ohio River in the Miami Valley.^[8] The land was located within the Symmes Purchase; Judge John Cleves Symmes, the owner of the land, purchased the land from the government with the stipulation that he lay aside land for an academy.^[9] Congress granted one township to be located in the District of Cincinnati to the Ohio General Assembly for the purposes of building a college, two days after Ohio was granted statehood in 1803; if no suitable location could be provided in the Symmes Purchase, Congress pledged to give federal lands to the legislature after a five-year period. The Ohio Legislature appointed three surveyors in August of the same year to search for a suitable township, and they selected a township off of Four Mile Creek.^[9] The Legislature passed "An Act to Establish the Miami University" on February 2, 1809, and a board of trustees was created by the state; this is cited as the founding of Miami University.^[9] The township originally granted to the university was known as the "College Township", and was renamed Oxford, Ohio in 1810.

The University temporarily halted construction due to the War of 1812.^[9] Cincinnati tried to move Miami to the city in 1822 and to divert its income to a Cincinnati college, but it failed.^[9] Miami created a grammar school in 1818 to teach frontier youth; but, it was disbanded after five years.^[9] Robert Hamilton Bishop, a Presbyterian minister and professor of history, was appointed to be the first President of Miami University in 1824; the first day of classes at Miami was on November 1, 1824.^[9] At its opening, there were twenty students and two faculty members in addition to Bishop.^[9] The curriculum included Greek, Latin, Algebra, Geography, and Roman history; the University offered only a Bachelor of Arts. An "English Scientific Department" was begun in 1825 which studied modern languages, applied mathematics, and political economy as training for more practical professions. It offered a certificate upon completion of coursework, not a full diploma.^[9]

Miami students purchased a printing press, and in 1827 published their first periodical, The Literary Focus. It promptly failed, but it laid the foundation for the weekly Literary Register. The current Miami Student, founded in 1867, traces its foundation back to the Literary Register and claims to be the oldest college newspaper in the United States.^[9] A theological department and a farmer's college were formed in 1829; the farmer's college was not an agricultural school, but a three-year education program for farm boys. William Holmes McGuffey joined the faculty in 1826, and began his work on the McGuffey Readers while in Oxford.^[9] By 1834 the faculty had grown to seven professors and enrollment was at 234 students.^[9]

Alumni Hall

The "Beta Bells" of Miami University were built with funds donated by the Beta Theta Pi fraternity on its Centennial in 1939.

Alpha Delta Phi opened its chapter at Miami in 1833, making it the first fraternity chapter West of the Allegheny Mountains. In 1839, Beta Theta Pi was created; it was the first fraternity formed at Miami.^[9] Eleven students were expelled in 1835, including one for firing a pistol at another student. McGuffey resigned and became the President of the Cincinnati College, where he urged parents not to send their children to Miami.^[9]

In 1839 Old Miami reached its enrollment peak, with 250 students from 13 states; only Harvard, Yale, and Dartmouth were larger.^[9] President Bishop resigned in 1840 due to escalating problems in the University, although he remained as a professor through 1844. He was replaced as President by George Junkin, former President of Lafayette College; Junkin resigned in 1844, having proved to be unpopular with students.^[9] By 1847, enrollment had fallen to 137 students.

Students in 1848 participated in the "Snowball Rebellion". Defying the faculty's stance against fraternities, students packed Old Main, one of Miami's main classrooms and administrative buildings, with snow and reinforced the snow with chairs, benches and desks from the classroom.^[9] Those who had participated in the rebellion were expelled from the school and Miami's student population was more than halved. By 1873, enrollment fell further to 87 students. The board of trustees closed the school in 1873, and leased the campus for a grammar school.^[9] The period prior to its closing is referred to as "Old Miami".^[9]

New Miami

The university re-opened in 1885, having paid all of its debts and repaired many of its buildings; there were forty students in its first year. Enrollment remained under 100 students throughout the 1800s. Miami focused on aspects outside of the classics, including botany, physics, and geology departments.^[9] In 1894, Miami football began inter-collegiate football play in an Ohio tournament.^[9] By the early 1900s, the state of Ohio pledged regular financial support for Miami University; enrollment reached 207 students in 1902. The Ohio General Assembly passed the Sesse Bill in 1902, which mandated coeducation for all Ohio public schools. Miami lacked the rooms to fit all of the students expected the next year, and Miami made an arrangement with Oxford College, a women's college located in the town, to rent rooms. Miami's first African-American student, Nelly Craig, graduated in 1905.^[8] Hepburn Hall, built in 1905, was the first women's dorm at the college; by 1907, the enrollment at the University passed 700 students and women made up about a third of the student body.^[9] Andrew Carnegie pledged $40,000 to the building of a new library for the University.^[9]

Miami University in 1909

Enrollment in 1923 was at 1,500 students. The Oxford College for Women merged with Miami University in 1928.^[9] By the early 1930s, enrollment had reached 2,200 students. The conservative environment found on campus called for little change during the problems of the Great Depression, and only about ten percent of students in the 1930s were on government subsidies.^[9] During World War II, Miami changed its curriculum to include "war emergency courses"; a Navy Training School took up residence on campus. During wartime in 1943, the population of the University became majority women.^[9] Due to the G.I. Bill, tuition for veterans decreased; the enrollment at Miami jumped from 2,200 to 4,100 students. Temporary lodges were constructed in order to accommodate the number of students. By 1952, the 5,000th student enrolled.^[9] As the number of students quickly increased due to the G.I. Bill, Miami formed a Middletown, Ohio branch to accommodate its students. The Middletown campus focuses on a 2-year collegiate education.^[9]

In 1954, Miami created a common curriculum for all students to complete, in order to have a base for their other subjects. Miami experimented with a trimester plan in 1965, but it ultimately failed and the university reverted to a quarter system; by 1964, enrollment reached nearly 15,000.^[9] To accommodate the growing number of students, Miami University started a regional branch of the University at Hamilton, Ohio in 1966.^[9] Miami founded a Luxembourg branch, today called the Miami University Dolibois European Center, in 1968; students live with Luxembourgian families, and study under Miami professors.^[9] In 1974, The Western College for Women in Oxford, was sold to Miami; and President Shriver oversaw the creation of the well-respected and innovative Interdisciplinary Studies Program known as the Western College Program.^[9] The program was merged into the College of Arts & Science in 2007.^[10]

Campus

Miami's Oxford campus is located in Oxford, Ohio; the city is located in the Miami Valley in Southwestern Ohio. Development of the campus began in 1818 with a multipurpose building called Franklin Hall; Elliott Hall, built in 1825, is Miami's oldest residence hall.^[9][11] Miami has added campus buildings in the style characteristic of Georgian Revival architecture, with all buildings built three stories or less, or "to human scale". Today, the area of Miami's Oxford campus consists of 2,000 acres (8 km²).^[11][12]

Academics

Profile

Miami's student body consists of 14,872 undergraduates and 2,395 graduate students on the Oxford campus (as of Fall 2011).^[13] The class of 2013 comes from 39 U.S. states and 13 countries (65 countries are represented in the whole student body).^[14][15] Despite attempts by the University, Miami is known for its low level of diversity; the student body is 85% Caucasian.^[16][17] For the undergraduate class of 2012, Miami received 15,009 applications and accepted 80% of them. 30% of those accepted enrolled.^[18] For the class of 2013, 39% of students ranked in the top 10% of their class.^[14] The middle 50% range of ACT scores for first-year students is 24-29, while the SAT scores is 1110-1280 (old scale).^[14]

Miami University's endowment was valued at US $376 million in 2009.^[6]

Rankings

University rankings (overall)
National
Forbes[19]	243
U.S. News & World Report[20]	90
Washington Monthly[21]	71

Harrison Hall at sunset

U.S. News & World Report ranked the university's undergraduate program 90th among national universities, and 40th among public universities. U.S. News also ranked the university 3rd for best undergraduate teaching at national universities.^[7] Forbes ranked Miami 243rd in the United States among all colleges and universities and listed it as one of "America's Best College Buys".^[22] In March 2010, BusinessWeek ranked the undergraduate business program for the Farmer School of Business at 16th among all U.S. undergraduate business schools and was ranked 6th among public schools.^[23] Entrepreneur ranked Miami's Institute for Entrepreneurship 15th among undergraduate programs in the nation.^[24] The Wall Street Journal ranked Miami 22nd among state schools for bringing students directly from undergraduate studies into top graduate programs.^[25] The Journal also ranked Miami's accelerated MBA program ninth globally.^[26] Miami's accountancy program received high marks from the Public Accounting Report's rankings of accountancy programs; its undergraduate and graduate programs ranked 12th and 15th respectively.^[27] In 1985, Richard Moll wrote a book about America's premier public universities where he describes Miami as one of America's original eight "Public Ivies", along with the University of Michigan, UC Berkeley, University of Virginia, College of William and Mary, University of Texas, University of Vermont, and the University of North Carolina. ^[28]

Undergraduate

Miami is a large, primarily residential research university with a focus on undergraduate studies.^[29] The full-time, four year undergraduate program offers 56 majors in the arts and sciences and has high graduate coexistence.^[29][30]

Miami University has six academic divisions—the College of Arts & Science, the Farmer School of Business, the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, the School of Education, Health, and Society, the School of Fine Arts, and the Graduate School.

The College of Arts and Science is the oldest and largest college at Miami, with nearly half of the undergraduate student body enrolled. The college offers 56 majors, 48 minors, and 2 co-majors (Environmental Science and Environmental Principles & Practice). Ten of the eleven doctoral degrees offered by Miami are provided through the College of Arts and Science.^[31]

Upham Hall, home of Anthropology, History, and Botany

Miami's Farmer School of Business is a nationally-recognized School of Business which offers eight majors. The School also offers graduate MBA, Accountancy, and Economics degrees. The Farmer School of Business is housed in a spectacular, 210,000-square-foot (20,000 m²) state-of-the-art LEED certified Farmer School of Business, or FSB for short."^[32]The innovative, new FSB building was designed by leading revivalist architect, Robert A.M. Stern.

The School of Engineering & Applied Sciences offers 12 accredited majors at the Oxford Campus,^[33] and recently moved into the new Engineering Building—a $22 million-dollar facility finished in 2007.^[34] The School also offers masters degrees in Computer Science and Paper & Chemical Engineering^[35]

The School of Education, Health, and Society–formerly known as the School of Education & Allied Professions–offers 26 undergraduate degrees^[36] spanning areas from teacher education, kinesiology & health, educational psychology, and family studies & social work.^[37] As of fall 2007, nearly 2,800 undergraduates were enrolled in the School.^[36]

Miami's School of Fine Arts comprises four departments–Architecture & Interior Design, Music, Theater and Art. Each department has its own admission requirements separate from the standard admissions requirements for the University. Art majors choose a concentration in areas such as ceramics, metals, photography, printmaking, sculpture, graphic design, and interior design. Music majors specify either music performance or music education.^[38]

Graduate and research

Miami offers master's degrees in more than 50 areas of study, and doctoral degrees in 12, the largest of which are doctoral degrees in psychology. In order to enroll in graduate courses, students must first be accepted into The Graduate School, and then into the department through which the degree is offered.^[39] Although tuition for the Graduate School is roughly the same as for an undergraduate degree, most of the graduate programs offer graduate assistantships as well as tuition waiver.

Athletics

Main article: Miami RedHawks

Miami's NCAA Division I-A program offers 18 varsity sports for men and women. The RedHawks, the name of Miami's collegiate sports teams, participates in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) in all varsity sports except ice hockey, which competes in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association. Miami's athletic teams were originally called the Redskins up through 1997 when the Oklahoma-based Miami tribe withdrew its support for the nickname; the board of trustees voted to change the nickname to the RedHawks.^[40] The current athletic director is Brad Bates, who was promoted to the position in November 2002.^[41]

Miami University has never won a national title in any team sport,^[42] except in synchronized skating which is not an NCAA-recognized sport.^[43] The school has earned the nickname "Cradle of Coaches" for producing star football coaches.^[44][45]

Football

Main article: Miami RedHawks football

A football game at Yager Stadium

Miami University has a rich history of football. Miami is known as the Cradle of Coaches for its quality football coaches that leave its program; Ben Roethlisberger, a quarterback from Miami, has gone onto be a two-time Super Bowl winning quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers.

Miami's football team plays in Yager Stadium, a 24,286-seat football stadium on campus; they formerly played in the now demolished Miami Field. The current coach is Don Treadwell, who was hired December 29, 2010.^{[46] [47]} The RedHawks compete each year against the Cincinnati Bearcats for the Victory Bell, a tradition that dates back to 1888.

Basketball

Main article: Miami RedHawks men's basketball

Miami has appeared in sixteen NCAA basketball championships and have four sweet sixteen appearances, most recently in 1999. The team competes in Millett Hall and is currently coached by Charlie Coles, who is in his 11th season and has a 224–168 record at Miami.

Men's ice hockey

Main article: Miami RedHawks men's ice hockey

Miami fans gather before a hockey game against the Nebraska-Omaha Mavericks.

Miami's men's varsity ice hockey team started in 1978 coached by Steve Cady.^[48] The RedHawks made the NCAA national title game in 2009, but lost in overtime to Boston University after leading much of the game.^[42] The current head coach is Enrico Blasi, who has a total record of 210-151 after ten seasons.^[49] Since the Mid-American Conference does not include Division I men's ice hockey, Miami competes in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA). It is one of three schools from the MAC in the CCHA along with Bowling Green State University and Western Michigan University.

The men's ice hockey team plays at the Goggin Ice Center. The center contains two rinks: a practice rink, and Steve Cady Arena, which is used by the hockey team. The arena has a seating capacity of 3,200, and it replaced the Goggin Ice Arena.

Synchronized skating

Main article: Miami University Synchronized Skating Team

Miami's synchronized skating team began in August 1977 as a "Precision Skating Club" at Goggin Ice Center.^[50] The program achieved varsity status by 1996.^[51] The Miami University senior synchronized skating team are the 1999, 2006, and 2009 U.S. national champions.^[51][52][53] Miami won a silver medal at the 2007 World Championships, the first medal ever won by Team USA for synchronized skating.^[54] The collegiate level team has won eleven national titles; Miami created a junior-varsity level team beneath the senior level.^[51] Vicki Korn, after serving as the coach of Miami's program for 25 years, announced her retirement in May 2009.^[51]

Student life

Oxford, Ohio is a college town, with over 70.0% of the residents attending college or graduate school.^[55] All first- and second-year students are required to live on-campus and all dorms are three stories or less.^[56] Miami gives students the options of choosing from 35 theme-based living learning communities (LLCs); all of the halls on-campus participate in the LLC program.^[57] An LLC focuses on a certain theme, such as "Governmental Relations" or the "Technology and Society Program", which allows students to live with people who have similar interests to themselves.^[57] Each residence hall has its own hall government, with representatives in the Residence Hall Association and the student senate.^[58]

Greek life

Miami is nicknamed the Mother of Fraternities for the number of fraternities that started at its campus: Beta Theta Pi (1839), Phi Delta Theta (1848), Sigma Chi (1855), and Phi Kappa Tau (1906).^[59] Delta Zeta, founded in 1902, is the only sorority alpha chapter on campus.^[59] The Miami Triad refers to the first three fraternities founded at Miami: Beta Theta Pi, Phi Delta Theta, and Sigma Chi. The Triad is sometimes celebrated with parties at other universities such as the University of Kansas.^[60] As of Fall 2009, there are 2,036 sorority members and 1,492 fraternity members.^[61][61] This amounts to about a quarter of Miami's student population. Miami University's office of Greek affairs was endowed with a $1 million dollar gift from Cliff Alexander, a Miami University alumnus and a member of Sigma Nu; Miami believes this gift will support the Greek program well into the next century.^[62] Miami currently hosts about fifty different fraternities and sororities governed by three different student governing councils. Miami's fraternities and sororities hold many philanthropy events and community fundraisers.^[63] A recent spout of major sorority sanctions on three different occasions in the 2009–10 school year reached national news for the actions that were involved. Sorority members of Miami's Alpha Xi Delta chapter and their dates at a formal held at the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center urinated throughout the venue, swore at staff, and attempted to steal drinks from the bar; two other incidents involving the Pi Beta Phi and Zeta Tau Alpha chapters at Miami involved similar behavior.^[64][64] University President David Hodge called the behavior "deeply troubling" and "embarrassing", and vowed that "we are determined to live up to our values" in response to the incidents.^[65]

Student organizations

The first issue of The Miami Student

Miami University has over 400 student-run organizations.^[56] Associated Student Government (ASG) is the student government of Miami University.^[58] It has an executive branch run by a student president and a unicameral legislature in the student senate.^[58] In campus-wide elections, students have a spending cap; in a recent change, the president and vice president run on a ticket.^[66]

Media

Miami has a variety of media outlets. The student-run newspaper, the Miami Student, was founded in 1826 and claims that it is the oldest university newspaper in the United States.^[67] The undergraduate literature and art magazine, Inklings, is available in print and online.^[68] RedHawk Radio (WMSR) is Miami's only student radio station.^[69] Miami University Television (MUTV) is available on cable in Oxford, Ohio.^[70]

Alumni

Main article: List of Miami University people

Clawson Hall is one of the buildings found on the Western Campus, which overall has an architectural style distinct from the rest of the campus.

Miami alumni are active through various organizations and events such as Alumni Weekend.^[71] The Alumni Association has active chapters in over 50 cities.^[72] A number of Miami alumni have made significant contributions in the fields of government, law, science, academia, business, arts, journalism, and athletics, among others.

Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd President of the United States, graduated from Miami in 1852.^[73] Chung Un-chan, the previous Prime Minister of South Korea, received his master's degree from Miami in economics in 1972.^[74] Other current politicians include U.S. Senator Maria Cantwell of Washington,^[75] U.S. Representatives Paul Ryan of Wisconsin and Steve Driehaus of Ohio.^[76][77] Rita Dove, a Pulitzer Prize winner and the first African-American United States Poet Laureate, graduated summa cum laude from Miami.^[78]

Miami has been nicknamed the "Cradle of Coaches" for the success its coaches and athletes have had outside of the university. John Harbaugh is the current head coach of the Baltimore Ravens.^[79] Paul Brown, the partial founder of both the Cleveland Browns and the Cincinnati Bengals and a head coach for both teams graduated from the class of 1930.^[80] Bo Schembechler was a Miami graduate and coached at Miami before moving to coach the Michigan Wolverines for twenty years.^[80] Miami alumni that play in professional sports leagues include Dan Boyle of the NHL, Andy Greene of the NHL, Ryan Jones (ice hockey) of the NHL^[81], Alec Martinez of the NHL, John Ely (baseball) of the MLB, golfer Brad Adamonis, and Ben Roethlisberger of the NFL, who only completed three of his four years at Miami to join the NFL Draft.^[82]

Historic landmarks

• William Holmes McGuffey Museum, a National Historic Landmark
• Zachariah Price Dewitt Cabin, listed on the National Register of Historic Places
• Elliott and Stoddard Halls, oldest dormitories in use in Ohio
• Langstroth Cottage, a National Historic Landmark
• Old Manse (home of the Department of Comparative Religion) Presbyterian Parsonage, East High Street, listed in the Historic American Buildings Survey
• Simpson-Shade Guest House, listed in the Historic American Buildings Survey
• Lewis Place, home of Miami presidents

See also

	Ohio portal
	University portal

• Earth Expeditions
• List of Miami University people
• Harker's Run
• Other Miami University campuses:

• Miami University Hamilton - Hamilton, Ohio
• Miami University Middletown - Middletown, Ohio
• Miami University Dolibois European Center - Luxembourg
• Miami University Voice of America Learning Center- West Chester, Ohio

References

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Further reading

• Barlow, Bert S.; Todhunter, W. H.; Cone, Stephen D. et al., eds (1905). Centennial History of Butler County, Ohio. Hamilton, Ohio: B.F. Bowen. 

External links

• Official school website
• Official athletics site
• The Miami Years, by Walter Havighurst
• RedhawkRadio.com