PRKCE

Protein kinase C, epsilon
PDB rendering based on 1gmi.
Available structures PDB 1gmi
Identifiers
Symbols	PRKCE; MGC125656; MGC125657; PKCE; nPKC-epsilon
External IDs	OMIM: 176975 MGI: 97599 HomoloGene: 48343 GeneCards: PRKCE Gene
EC number	2.7.11.13
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • protein kinase C activity • protein kinase C activity • calcium-independent protein kinase C activity • signal transducer activity • protein binding • ATP binding • enzyme activator activity • SH3 domain binding • enzyme binding • protein kinase binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • Golgi membrane • nucleus • cytoplasm • endoplasmic reticulum • cytosol • plasma membrane • plasma membrane Biological process • protein phosphorylation • induction of apoptosis • signal transduction • activation of phospholipase C activity • blood coagulation • platelet activation • intracellular signal transduction • positive regulation of catalytic activity • nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway • regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5581	18754
Ensembl	ENSG00000171132	ENSMUSG00000045038
UniProt	Q02156	P16054
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_005400.2	NM_011104.3
RefSeq (protein)	NP_005391.1	NP_035234.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 45.88 – 46.42 Mb	Chr 17: 86.57 – 87.06 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Protein kinase C epsilon type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCE gene.^[1][2]

Function

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This kinase has been shown to be involved in many different cellular functions, such as apoptosis, cardioprotection from ischemia, heat shock response, as well as insulin exocytosis.

Clinical significance

Knockout and molecular studies in mice suggest that this kinase is important for regulating behavioural response to morphine^[3] and alcohol.^{[4] [5]}. It also plays a role lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated signaling in activated macrophages and in controlling anxiety-like behavior.^[6]

Interactions

PRKCE has been shown to interact with Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator,^[7] VDAC1,^[8] COPB2,^[9] Keratin 1,^[9] YWHAZ,^[10] MYH9,^[9] Actin, alpha 1^[9] and GNB2L1.^[7]

See also

• Protein kinase C

References

1. ^ Basta P, Strickland MB, Holmes W, Loomis CR, Ballas LM, Burns DJ (Nov 1992). "Sequence and expression of human protein kinase C-epsilon". Biochim Biophys Acta 1132 (2): 154–60. PMID 1382605. 
2. ^ Lehel C, Olah Z, Jakab G, Anderson WB (Apr 1995). "Protein kinase C epsilon is localized to the Golgi via its zinc-finger domain and modulates Golgi function". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92 (5): 1406–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.5.1406. PMC 42528. PMID 7877991. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=42528. 
3. ^ Newton PM, Kim JA, McGeehan AJ, Paredes JP, Chu K, Wallace MJ, Roberts AJ, Hodge CW, Messing RO (June 2007). "Increased response to morphine in mice lacking protein kinase C epsilon". Genes Brain Behav. 6 (4): 329–38. doi:10.1111/j.1601-183X.2006.00261.x. PMID 16899053. 
4. ^ Newton PM, Messing RO (January 2006). "Intracellular signaling pathways that regulate behavioral responses to ethanol". Pharmacol. Ther. 109 (1-2): 227–37. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.07.004. PMID 16102840. 
5. ^ Amygdala protein kinase C epsilon controls alcohol consumption http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122210376/abstract
6. ^ "Entrez Gene: PRKCE protein kinase C, epsilon". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5581. 
7. ^ ^{a b} Liedtke, Carole M; Yun C H Chris, Kyle Nicole, Wang Dandan (Jun. 2002). "Protein kinase C epsilon-dependent regulation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator involves binding to a receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1) and RACK1 binding to Na+/H+ exchange regulatory factor". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (25): 22925–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201917200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11956211. 
8. ^ Baines, Christopher P; Song Chang-Xu, Zheng Yu-Ting, Wang Guang-Wu, Zhang Jun, Wang Ou-Li, Guo Yiru, Bolli Roberto, Cardwell Ernest M, Ping Peipei (May. 2003). "Protein kinase Cepsilon interacts with and inhibits the permeability transition pore in cardiac mitochondria". Circ. Res. (United States) 92 (8): 873–80. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000069215.36389.8D. PMID 12663490. 
9. ^ ^{a b c d} England, Karen; Ashford David, Kidd Daniel, Rumsby Martin (Jun. 2002). "PKC epsilon is associated with myosin IIA and actin in fibroblasts". Cell. Signal. (England) 14 (6): 529–36. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00277-7. ISSN 0898-6568. PMID 11897493. 
10. ^ Gannon-Murakami, Laura; Murakami Kentaro (Jun. 2002). "Selective association of protein kinase C with 14-3-3 zeta in neuronally differentiated PC12 Cells. Stimulatory and inhibitory effect of 14-3-3 zeta in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (26): 23116–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201478200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11950841. 

Further reading

• Slater SJ, Ho C, Stubbs CD (2003). "The use of fluorescent phorbol esters in studies of protein kinase C-membrane interactions.". Chem. Phys. Lipids 116 (1-2): 75–91. doi:10.1016/S0009-3084(02)00021-X. PMID 12093536. 
• Aksoy E, Goldman M, Willems F (2004). "Protein kinase C epsilon: a new target to control inflammation and immune-mediated disorders.". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 36 (2): 183–8. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(03)00210-3. PMID 14643884. 
• Tolstrup M, Ostergaard L, Laursen AL, et al. (2004). "HIV/SIV escape from immune surveillance: focus on Nef.". Curr. HIV Res. 2 (2): 141–51. doi:10.2174/1570162043484924. PMID 15078178.