Cyclin-dependent kinase 2

"CDK2" redirects here. For the airport with the Transport Canada identifier CDK2, see Diavik Airport.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2
PDB rendering based on 1aq1.
Available structures PDB 1AQ1, 1B38, 1B39, 1BUH, 1CKP, 1DI8, 1DM2, 1E1V, 1E1X, 1E9H, 1F5Q, 1FIN, 1FQ1, 1FVT, 1FVV, 1G5S, 1GIH, 1GII, 1GIJ, 1GY3, 1GZ8, 1H00, 1H01, 1H07, 1H08, 1H0V, 1H0W, 1H1P, 1H1Q, 1H1R, 1H1S, 1H24, 1H25, 1H26, 1H27, 1H28, 1HCK, 1HCL, 1JST, 1JSU, 1JSV, 1JVP, 1KE5, 1KE6, 1KE7, 1KE8, 1KE9, 1OGU, 1OI9, 1OIQ, 1OIR, 1OIT, 1OIU, 1OIY, 1OKV, 1OKW, 1OL1, 1OL2, 1P2A, 1P5E, 1PF8, 1PKD, 1PW2, 1PXI, 1PXJ, 1PXK, 1PXL, 1PXM, 1PXN, 1PXO, 1PXP, 1PYE, 1QMZ, 1R78, 1URC, 1URW, 1V1K, 1VYW, 1VYZ, 1W0X, 1W8C, 1W98, 1WCC, 1Y8Y, 1Y91, 1YKR, 2A0C, 2A4L, 2B52, 2B53, 2B54, 2B55, 2BHE, 2BHH, 2BKZ, 2BPM, 2BTR, 2BTS, 2C4G, 2C5N, 2C5O, 2C5V, 2C5X, 2C5Y, 2C68, 2C69, 2C6I, 2C6K, 2C6L, 2C6M, 2C6O, 2C6T, 2CCH, 2CCI, 2CJM, 2CLX, 2DS1, 2DUV, 2EXM, 2FVD, 2G9X, 2HIC, 2I40, 2IW6, 2IW8, 2IW9, 2J9M, 2JGZ, 2R3F, 2R3G, 2R3H, 2R3I, 2R3J, 2R3K, 2R3L, 2R3M, 2R3N, 2R3O, 2R3P, 2R3Q, 2R3R, 2R64, 2UUE, 2UZB, 2UZD, 2UZE, 2UZL, 2UZN, 2UZO, 2V0D, 2V22, 2VTA, 2VTH, 2VTI, 2VTJ, 2VTL, 2VTM, 2VTN, 2VTO, 2VTP, 2VTQ, 2VTR, 2VTS, 2VTT, 2VU3, 2VV9, 2W05, 2W06, 2W17, 2W1H, 2WEV, 2WFY, 2WHB, 2WIH, 2WIP, 2WMA, 2WMB, 2WPA, 2WXV, 2X1N, 2XMY, 2XNB, 3BHT, 3BHU, 3BHV, 3DDP, 3DDQ, 3DOG, 3EID, 3EJ1, 3EOC, 3EZR, 3EZV, 3F5X, 3FZ1, 3IG7, 3IGG, 3LE6, 3LFN, 3LFQ, 3LFS, 3MY5, 3NS9, 3PXF, 3PXQ, 3PXR, 3PXY, 3PXZ, 3PY0, 3PY1
Identifiers
Symbols	CDK2; p33(CDK2)
External IDs	OMIM: 116953 MGI: 104772 HomoloGene: 74409 GeneCards: CDK2 Gene
EC number	2.7.11.22
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • protein kinase activity • cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity • cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity • protein binding • ATP binding • kinase activity • cyclin binding • histone kinase activity Cellular component • cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex • chromosome, telomeric region • condensed chromosome • X chromosome • Y chromosome • nucleus • nucleoplasm • transcription factor complex • cytoplasm • cytosol Biological process • cell cycle checkpoint • G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • S phase of mitotic cell cycle • G2 phase of mitotic cell cycle • G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle • M/G1 transition of mitotic cell cycle • mitotic cell cycle • DNA replication • regulation of DNA replication • protein phosphorylation • potassium ion transport • DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest • cell cycle • mitosis • traversing start control point of mitotic cell cycle • Ras protein signal transduction • blood coagulation • positive regulation of cell proliferation • phosphorylation • histone phosphorylation • anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • cell division • regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1017	12566
Ensembl	ENSG00000123374	ENSMUSG00000025358
UniProt	P24941	Q3U307
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001798.3	NM_016756
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001789.2	NP_058036
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 56.36 – 56.37 Mb	Chr 10: 128.13 – 128.14 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 also known as cell division protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK2 gene.^[1][2]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein kinases. This protein kinase is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28, and S. pombe cdc2, also known as Cdk1 in humans. It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, and is essential for the G1/S transition. This protein associates with and is regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin E or A. Cyclin E binds G1 phase Cdk2, which is required for the transition from G1 to S phase while binding with Cyclin A is required to progress through the S phase. Its activity is also regulated by phosphorylation. Two alternatively spliced variants and multiple transcription initiation sites of this gene have been reported.^[2]

The role of this protein in G1-S transition has been recently questioned as cells lacking Cdk2 are reported to have no problem during this transition.^[3]

Inhibitors

Known CDK inhibitors are p21Cip1 (CDKN1A) and p27Kip1 (CDKN1B).^[4] Drugs that inhibit Cdk2 and arrest the cell cycle, such as GW8510, may reduce the sensitivity of the epithelium to many cell cycle-active antitumor agents and, therefore, represent a strategy for prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia.^[5]

Gene regulation

In melanocytic cell types, expression of the CDK2 gene is regulated by the Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.^[6][7]

Interactions

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 has been shown to interact with Retinoblastoma-like protein 2,^[8][9] Retinoblastoma-like protein 1,^[8][10] Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1,^[11] CEBPA,^[12] BRCA1,^[13][14][15] PPM1B,^[16] Cyclin A1,^{[17][18][19][20]} Cyclin E1,^{[8][21][22][23][24][25]} SKP2,^[26][27][28] PPP2CA,^[16] ORC1L,^[29] CDK2AP1,^[30] CDKN3,^[31][32][33] CDKN1B^{[24][26][34][35][36]} and P21.^{[21][28][33][36][37]}

Overview of signal transduction pathways involved in apoptosis.

References

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Further reading

• Kaldis P, Aleem E (2007). "Cell cycle sibling rivalry: Cdc2 vs. Cdk2". Cell Cycle 4 (11): 1491–4. doi:10.4161/cc.4.11.2124. PMID 16258277. 
• Moore NL, Narayanan R, Weigel NL (2007). "CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 2 AND THE REGULATION OF HUMAN PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR ACTIVITY". Steroids 72 (2): 202–9. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2006.11.025. PMC 1950255. PMID 17207508. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1950255. 

External links

• MeSH Cyclin-Dependent+Kinase+2