Cyclin D3

Cyclin D3
Identifiers
Symbols	CCND3;
External IDs	OMIM: 123834 MGI: 88315 HomoloGene: 20419 GeneCards: CCND3 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding • protein kinase binding Cellular component • cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex • nucleus • cytoplasm • membrane Biological process • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation • signal transduction • T cell proliferation • positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity • cell division Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	896	12445
Ensembl	ENSG00000112576	ENSMUSG00000034165
UniProt	P30281	Q3TSW4
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001136017.2	XM_001003930
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001129489.1	XP_001003930
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 41.9 – 42.02 Mb	Chr 17: 47.64 – 47.74 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND3 gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. This cyclin forms a complex with and functions as a regulatory subunit of CDK4 or CDK6, whose activtiy is required for cell cycle G1/S transition. This protein has been shown to interact with and be involved in the phosphorylation of tumor suppressor protein Rb. The CDK4 activity associated with this cyclin was reported to be necessary for cell cycle progression through G2 phase into mitosis after UV radiation.^[2]

See also

• Cyclin
• Cyclin D

Interactions

Cyclin D3 has been shown to interact with Retinoic acid receptor alpha,^[3] AKAP8,^[4] CDC2L1,^[5] CRABP2,^[3] Cyclin-dependent kinase 4,^[4][6][7][8] Cyclin-dependent kinase 6,^[7][9] EIF3K^[10] and CDKN1B.^[6][7][8]

References

1. ^ Inaba T, Matsushime H, Valentine M, Roussel MF, Sherr CJ, Look AT (Aug 1992). "Genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and independent expression of human cyclin D genes". Genomics 13 (3): 565–74. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90126-D. PMID 1386335. 
2. ^ "Entrez Gene: CCND3 cyclin D3". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=896. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Despouy, Gilles; Bastie Jean-Nöel, Deshaies Sylvie, Balitrand Nicole, Mazharian Alexandra, Rochette-Egly Cécile, Chomienne Christine, Delva Laurent (Feb. 2003). "Cyclin D3 is a cofactor of retinoic acid receptors, modulating their activity in the presence of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (8): 6355–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210697200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12482873. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Arsenijevic, Tatjana; Degraef Chantal, Dumont Jacques E, Roger Pierre P, Pirson Isabelle (Mar. 2004). "A novel partner for D-type cyclins: protein kinase A-anchoring protein AKAP95". Biochem. J. (England) 378 (Pt 2): 673–9. doi:10.1042/BJ20031765. PMC 1223988. PMID 14641107. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1223988. 
5. ^ Zhang, Songwen; Cai Mingmei, Zhang Si, Xu Songli, Chen She, Chen Xiaoning, Chen Chun, Gu Jianxin (Sep. 2002). "Interaction of p58(PITSLRE), a G2/M-specific protein kinase, with cyclin D3". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (38): 35314–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202179200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12082095. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Rual, Jean-François; Venkatesan Kavitha, Hao Tong, Hirozane-Kishikawa Tomoko, Dricot Amélie, Li Ning, Berriz Gabriel F, Gibbons Francis D, Dreze Matija, Ayivi-Guedehoussou Nono, Klitgord Niels, Simon Christophe, Boxem Mike, Milstein Stuart, Rosenberg Jennifer, Goldberg Debra S, Zhang Lan V, Wong Sharyl L, Franklin Giovanni, Li Siming, Albala Joanna S, Lim Janghoo, Fraughton Carlene, Llamosas Estelle, Cevik Sebiha, Bex Camille, Lamesch Philippe, Sikorski Robert S, Vandenhaute Jean, Zoghbi Huda Y, Smolyar Alex, Bosak Stephanie, Sequerra Reynaldo, Doucette-Stamm Lynn, Cusick Michael E, Hill David E, Roth Frederick P, Vidal Marc (Oct. 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature (England) 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
7. ^ ^{a b c} Lin, J; Jinno S, Okayama H (Apr. 2001). "Cdk6-cyclin D3 complex evades inhibition by inhibitor proteins and uniquely controls cell's proliferation competence". Oncogene (England) 20 (16): 2000–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204375. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 11360184. 
8. ^ ^{a b} Zhang, Q; Wang X, Wolgemuth D J (Jun. 1999). "Developmentally regulated expression of cyclin D3 and its potential in vivo interacting proteins during murine gametogenesis". Endocrinology (UNITED STATES) 140 (6): 2790–800. doi:10.1210/en.140.6.2790. ISSN 0013-7227. PMID 10342870. 
9. ^ Meyerson, M; Harlow E (Mar. 1994). "Identification of G1 kinase activity for cdk6, a novel cyclin D partner". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 14 (3): 2077–86. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 358568. PMID 8114739. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=358568. 
10. ^ Shen, Xiaoyun; Yang Yanzhong, Liu Weicheng, Sun Maoyun, Jiang Jianhai, Zong Hongliang, Gu Jianxin (Aug. 2004). "Identification of the p28 subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 3(eIF3k) as a new interaction partner of cyclin D3". FEBS Lett. (Netherlands) 573 (1-3): 139–46. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.07.071. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 15327989. 

• Motokura T, Keyomarsi K, Kronenberg HM, Arnold A (1992). "Cloning and characterization of human cyclin D3, a cDNA closely related in sequence to the PRAD1/cyclin D1 proto-oncogene.". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (28): 20412–5. PMID 1383201. 
• Xiong Y, Menninger J, Beach D, Ward DC (1992). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of CCND genes encoding human D-type cyclins.". Genomics 13 (3): 575–84. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90127-E. PMID 1386336. 
• Motokura T, Yi HF, Kronenberg HM, et al. (1992). "Assignment of the human cyclin D3 gene (CCND3) to chromosome 6p----q13.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 61 (1): 5–7. doi:10.1159/000133359. PMID 1387066. 
• Matsuoka S, Yamaguchi M, Matsukage A (1994). "D-type cyclin-binding regions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (15): 11030–6. PMID 7908906. 
• Meyerson M, Harlow E (1994). "Identification of G1 kinase activity for cdk6, a novel cyclin D partner.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (3): 2077–86. PMC 358568. PMID 8114739. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=358568. 
• Dowdy SF, Hinds PW, Louie K, et al. (1993). "Physical interaction of the retinoblastoma protein with human D cyclins.". Cell 73 (3): 499–511. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90137-F. PMID 8490963. 
• Brooks AR, Shiffman D, Chan CS, et al. (1996). "Functional analysis of the human cyclin D2 and cyclin D3 promoters.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 9090–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.9090. PMID 8621559. 
• Tiefenbrun N, Melamed D, Levy N, et al. (1996). "Alpha interferon suppresses the cyclin D3 and cdc25A genes, leading to a reversible G0-like arrest.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (7): 3934–44. PMC 231390. PMID 8668211. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=231390. 
• Hirai H, Sherr CJ (1996). "Interaction of D-type cyclins with a novel myb-like transcription factor, DMP1.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (11): 6457–67. PMC 231647. PMID 8887674. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=231647. 
• Doglioni C, Chiarelli C, Macrí E, et al. (1998). "Cyclin D3 expression in normal, reactive and neoplastic tissues.". J. Pathol. 185 (2): 159–66. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199806)185:2<159::AID-PATH73>3.0.CO;2-0. PMID 9713342. 
• Gómez Lahoz E, Liegeois NJ, Zhang P, et al. (1999). "Cyclin D- and E-dependent kinases and the p57(KIP2) inhibitor: cooperative interactions in vivo.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (1): 353–63. PMC 83893. PMID 9858559. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=83893. 
• Gabrielli BG, Sarcevic B, Sinnamon J, et al. (1999). "A cyclin D-Cdk4 activity required for G2 phase cell cycle progression is inhibited in ultraviolet radiation-induced G2 phase delay.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (20): 13961–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.20.13961. PMID 10318807. 
• Zhang Q, Wang X, Wolgemuth DJ (1999). "Developmentally regulated expression of cyclin D3 and its potential in vivo interacting proteins during murine gametogenesis.". Endocrinology 140 (6): 2790–800. doi:10.1210/en.140.6.2790. PMID 10342870. 
• Bartkova J, Rajpert-de Meyts E, Skakkebaek NE, Bartek J (2000). "D-type cyclins in adult human testis and testicular cancer: relation to cell type, proliferation, differentiation, and malignancy.". J. Pathol. 187 (5): 573–81. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199904)187:5<573::AID-PATH289>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 10398124. 
• Jones CJ, Kipling D, Morris M, et al. (2000). "Evidence for a telomere-independent "clock" limiting RAS oncogene-driven proliferation of human thyroid epithelial cells.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (15): 5690–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.15.5690-5699.2000. PMC 86042. PMID 10891505. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=86042. 
• Sansal I, Dupont E, Toru D, et al. (2000). "NPDC-1, a regulator of neural cell proliferation and differentiation, interacts with E2F-1, reduces its binding to DNA and modulates its transcriptional activity.". Oncogene 19 (43): 5000–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203843. PMID 11042687. 
• Fink JR, LeBien TW (2001). "Novel expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in human B-cell precursors.". Exp. Hematol. 29 (4): 490–8. doi:10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00619-1. PMID 11301189. 
• Lin J, Jinno S, Okayama H (2001). "Cdk6-cyclin D3 complex evades inhibition by inhibitor proteins and uniquely controls cell's proliferation competence.". Oncogene 20 (16): 2000–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204375. PMID 11360184. 
• Bartkova J, Thullberg M, Slezak P, et al. (2001). "Aberrant expression of G1-phase cell cycle regulators in flat and exophytic adenomas of the human colon.". Gastroenterology 120 (7): 1680–8. doi:10.1053/gast.2001.24880. PMID 11375949.