ACVR1B

Activin A receptor, type IB, also known as ACVR1B, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ACVR1B activin A receptor, type IB| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=91| accessdate = ]

Protbox
Name=Activin receptor type 1B
Photo=
Caption=
Gene = HUGO code: [http://www.gene.ucl.ac.uk/nomenclature/data/get_data.php?hgnc_id=HGNC:172 ACVR1B]
Structure =
Review =

Type=Serine/Threonine receptor kinase
Functions=
Domains= GS domain, TS domain, S/T domain
Diseases=Pancreatic Carcinoma
Taxa = "Homo sapiens"; homologs: many metazoan phyla
Cells = ubiquitous
Location =Plasma membrane
Catalytic_activity=ATP + (receptor-protein) = ADP + (receptor-protein) phosphate
Cofactors=Magnesium or manganese
Enzyme_regulation=
Actions=
Agonists=
Antagonists
Mods=
Names= ACTR-IB, Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R2, SKR2, Activin receptor-like kinase 4, ALK-4
Interactions=
Pages=

ACVR1B or ALK-4 acts as a transducer of Activin or activin like ligands (eg. Inhibin) signals. Activin binds to either ACVR2A or ACVR2B and then forms a complex with ACVR1B. These go on to recruit the R-SMADs SMAD2 or SMAD3.cite journal | author = Inman GJ, Nicolás FJ, Callahan JF, Harling JD, Gaster LM, Reith AD, Laping NJ, Hill CS | title = SB-431542 is a potent and specific inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily type I activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) receptors ALK4, ALK5, and ALK7 | journal = Mol. Pharmacol. | volume = 62 | issue = 1 | pages = 65–74 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12065756 | doi = 10.1124/mol.62.1.65 | issn = ] ACVR1B also transduces signals of nodal, GDF-1, and Vg1; however, unlike activin, they require other coreceptor molecules such as the protein Cripto.cite journal | author = Harrison CA, Gray PC, Koerber SC, Fischer W, Vale W | title = Identification of a functional binding site for activin on the type I receptor ALK4 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 23 | pages = 21129–35 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12665502 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M302015200 | issn = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = Activins are dimeric growth and differentiation factors which belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins. Activins signal through a heteromeric complex of receptor serine kinases which include at least two type I (I and IB) and two type II (II and IIB) receptors. These receptors are all transmembrane proteins, composed of a ligand-binding extracellular domain with a cysteine-rich region, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain with predicted serine/threonine specificity. Type I receptors are essential for signaling, and type II receptors are required for binding ligands and for expression of type I receptors. Type I and II receptors form a stable complex after ligand binding, resulting in phosphorylation of type I receptors by type II receptors. This gene encodes activin A type IB receptor, composed of 11 exons. Alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation result in 3 fully described transcript variants. The mRNA expression of variants 1, 2, and 3 is confirmed, and a potential fourth variant contains an alternative exon 8 and lacks exons 9 through 11, but its mRNA expression has not been confirmed.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ACVR1B activin A receptor, type IB| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=91| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Welt CK |title=The physiology and pathophysiology of inhibin, activin and follistatin in female reproduction. |journal=Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol. |volume=14 |issue= 3 |pages= 317–23 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12032389 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Liu F, Ventura F, Doody J, Massagué J |title=Human type II receptor for bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs): extension of the two-kinase receptor model to the BMPs. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=15 |issue= 7 |pages= 3479–86 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7791754 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Xu J, Matsuzaki K, McKeehan K, "et al." |title=Genomic structure and cloned cDNAs predict that four variants in the kinase domain of serine/threonine kinase receptors arise by alternative splicing and poly(A) addition. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=91 |issue= 17 |pages= 7957–61 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8058741 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Cárcamo J, Weis FM, Ventura F, "et al." |title=Type I receptors specify growth-inhibitory and transcriptional responses to transforming growth factor beta and activin. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=14 |issue= 6 |pages= 3810–21 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8196624 |doi=
*cite journal | author=ten Dijke P, Ichijo H, Franzén P, "et al." |title=Activin receptor-like kinases: a novel subclass of cell-surface receptors with predicted serine/threonine kinase activity. |journal=Oncogene |volume=8 |issue= 10 |pages= 2879–87 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8397373 |doi=
*cite journal | author=De Winter JP, De Vries CJ, Van Achterberg TA, "et al." |title=Truncated activin type II receptors inhibit bioactivity by the formation of heteromeric complexes with activin type I. receptors. |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=224 |issue= 2 |pages= 323–34 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8612709 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Attisano L, Wrana JL, Montalvo E, Massagué J |title=Activation of signalling by the activin receptor complex. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=16 |issue= 3 |pages= 1066–73 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8622651 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lebrun JJ, Vale WW |title=Activin and inhibin have antagonistic effects on ligand-dependent heteromerization of the type I and type II activin receptors and human erythroid differentiation. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=17 |issue= 3 |pages= 1682–91 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9032295 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Röijer E, Miyazono K, Aström AK, "et al." |title=Chromosomal localization of three human genes encoding members of the TGF-beta superfamily of type I serine/threonine kinase receptors. |journal=Mamm. Genome |volume=9 |issue= 3 |pages= 266–8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9501322 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Souchelnytskyi S, Nakayama T, Nakao A, "et al." |title=Physical and functional interaction of murine and Xenopus Smad7 with bone morphogenetic protein receptors and transforming growth factor-beta receptors. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 39 |pages= 25364–70 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9738003 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hashimoto O, Yamato K, Koseki T, "et al." |title=The role of activin type I receptors in activin A-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in mouse B-cell hybridoma cells. |journal=Cell. Signal. |volume=10 |issue= 10 |pages= 743–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9884026 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lebrun JJ, Takabe K, Chen Y, Vale W |title=Roles of pathway-specific and inhibitory Smads in activin receptor signaling. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=13 |issue= 1 |pages= 15–23 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9892009 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Gray PC, Greenwald J, Blount AL, "et al." |title=Identification of a binding site on the type II activin receptor for activin and inhibin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 5 |pages= 3206–12 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10652306 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Zhou Y, Sun H, Danila DC, "et al." |title=Truncated activin type I receptor Alk4 isoforms are dominant negative receptors inhibiting activin signaling. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=14 |issue= 12 |pages= 2066–75 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11117535 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Su GH, Bansal R, Murphy KM, "et al." |title=ACVR1B (ALK4, activin receptor type 1B) gene mutations in pancreatic carcinoma. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue= 6 |pages= 3254–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11248065 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.051484398
*cite journal | author=Chapman SC, Woodruff TK |title=Modulation of activin signal transduction by inhibin B and inhibin-binding protein (INhBP). |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=15 |issue= 4 |pages= 668–79 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11266516 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Wurthner JU, Frank DB, Felici A, "et al." |title=Transforming growth factor-beta receptor-associated protein 1 is a Smad4 chaperone. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 22 |pages= 19495–502 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11278302 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M006473200
*cite journal | author=Parks WT, Frank DB, Huff C, "et al." |title=Sorting nexin 6, a novel SNX, interacts with the transforming growth factor-beta family of receptor serine-threonine kinases. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 22 |pages= 19332–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11279102 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M100606200
*cite journal | author=Birkey Reffey S, Wurthner JU, Parks WT, "et al." |title=X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein functions as a cofactor in transforming growth factor-beta signaling. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 28 |pages= 26542–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11356828 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M100331200
*cite journal | author=Bianco C, Adkins HB, Wechselberger C, "et al." |title=Cripto-1 activates nodal- and ALK4-dependent and -independent signaling pathways in mammary epithelial Cells. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=22 |issue= 8 |pages= 2586–97 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11909953 |doi=

Category:S/T domain

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