- Paul McCartney
-
Sir Paul McCartney
MBE, Hon RAM, FRCM
McCartney with his Höfner bass on stage in England in 2010Background information Birth name James Paul McCartney Born 18 June 1942
Liverpool, EnglandGenres Rock, pop, psychedelic rock, experimental rock, rock and roll, hard rock, classical music Occupations Musician, singer-songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, composer, film producer, painter, activist, businessman Instruments Vocals, bass guitar, guitar, piano, organ, mellotron, keyboards, drums, ukulele, mandolin, recorder Years active 1957–present Labels Hear, Apple, Parlophone, Capitol, Columbia, Concord, EMI, One Little Indian, Vee-Jay Associated acts The Quarrymen, The Beatles, Wings, The Fireman, Linda McCartney, John Lennon, Denny Laine Website paulmccartney.com Notable instruments Höfner 500/1
Rickenbacker 4001S
Gibson Les Paul
Epiphone Texan
Epiphone Casino
Fender Esquire
Fender Jazz Bass
Yamaha BB1200 Bass
Wal 5-String Bass
Martin D-28Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE, Hon RAM, FRCM (born 18 June 1942) is an English musician, singer-songwriter and composer. Formerly of The Beatles (1960–1970) and Wings (1971–1981), McCartney is listed in Guinness World Records as the "most successful musician and composer in popular music history", with 60 gold discs and sales of 100 million singles in the United Kingdom alone.[1]
McCartney gained worldwide fame as a member of The Beatles, alongside John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. McCartney and Lennon formed one of the most influential and successful songwriting partnerships and wrote some of the most popular songs in the history of rock music.[2] After leaving The Beatles, McCartney launched a successful solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda Eastman, and singer-songwriter Denny Laine.
BBC News Online readers named McCartney the "greatest composer of the millennium". According to the BBC, his Beatles song "Yesterday" has been covered by over 2,200 artists — more than any other song in the history of recorded music.[3]Since its 1965 release it has been played more than 7,000,000 times on American television and radio.[4] Wings' 1977 single "Mull of Kintyre" became the first single to sell more than two million copies in the United Kingdom, and remains the UK's top selling non-charity single.[5] Based on the 93 weeks his compositions have spent at the top spot of the UK chart, and 24 number one singles to his credit, McCartney is the most successful songwriter in UK singles chart history.[6] As a performer or songwriter, McCartney was responsible for 31 number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the United States,[7][8][9][10] and has sold 15.5 million RIAA certified albums in the United States alone.[11]
McCartney has composed film scores, classical and electronic music, released a large catalogue of songs as a solo artist, and has taken part in projects to help international charities. He is an advocate for animal rights, for vegetarianism, and for music education; he is active in campaigns against landmines, seal hunting, and Third World debt. He is a keen football fan, supporting both Everton and Liverpool football clubs. His company MPL Communications owns the copyrights to more than 3,000 songs,[12] including all of the songs written by Buddy Holly, along with the publishing rights to such musicals as Guys and Dolls, A Chorus Line, and Grease. McCartney is one of the UK's wealthiest people, with an estimated fortune of £475 million in 2010.[13]
Contents
Childhood
Main article: Jim and Mary McCartneyMcCartney was born in Walton Hospital in Liverpool, England, where his mother, Mary (née Mohan), had worked as a nurse in the maternity ward.[14] He has one brother, Michael, born 7 January 1944.[15] McCartney was baptised as a Roman Catholic but was raised non-denominationally: his mother was Roman Catholic and his father James, or "Jim" McCartney, was a Protestant turned agnostic.[15]
In 1947, he began attending Stockton Wood Road Primary School. He then attended the Joseph Williams Junior School[16] and passed the 11-plus exam in 1953 with three others out of the 90 examinees, thus gaining admission to the Liverpool Institute.[17] In 1954, while taking the bus from his home in the suburb of Speke to the Institute, he met George Harrison, who lived nearby.[18] Passing the exam meant that McCartney and Harrison could go to a grammar school rather than a secondary modern school, which the majority of pupils attended until they were eligible to work, but as grammar school pupils, they had to find new friends.[19]
In 1955, the McCartney family moved to 20 Forthlin Road in Allerton.[20] Mary McCartney rode a bicycle to houses where she was needed as a midwife, and an early McCartney memory is of her leaving when it was snowing heavily.[21] On 31 October 1956, Mary McCartney died of an embolism after a mastectomy operation to stop the spread of her breast cancer.[22] The early loss of his mother later connected McCartney with John Lennon, whose mother Julia died after being struck by a car when Lennon was 17.[23]
McCartney's father was a trumpet player and pianist who had led Jim Mac's Jazz Band in the 1920s and encouraged his two sons to be musical.[24] Jim had an upright piano in the front room that he had bought from Epstein's North End Music Stores. McCartney's grandfather, Joe McCartney, played an E-flat tuba.[25][26] Jim McCartney used to point out the different instruments in songs on the radio, and often took McCartney to local brass band concerts.[26] McCartney's father gave him a nickel-plated trumpet, but when skiffle music became popular, McCartney swapped the trumpet for a £15 Framus Zenith (model 17) acoustic guitar.[27][28] As he was left-handed, McCartney found right-handed guitars difficult to play, but when he saw a poster advertising a Slim Whitman concert, he realised that Whitman played left-handed with his guitar strung the opposite way to a right-handed player.[28][29] McCartney wrote his first song ("I Lost My Little Girl") on the Zenith, and also played his father's Framus Spanish guitar when writing early songs with Lennon.[30] He later learned to play the piano and wrote his second song, "When I'm Sixty-Four".[31] On his father's advice, he took music lessons, but since he preferred to learn 'by ear' he never paid much attention to them.[31]
McCartney was heavily influenced by American Rhythm and Blues music. He has stated that Little Richard was his idol when he was in school and that the first song he ever sang in public was "Long Tall Sally", at a Butlins holiday camp talent competition.[32]
Musical career
Main article: Paul McCartney's musical career1957–1960
At the age of 15, McCartney met John Lennon and The Quarrymen at the St. Peter's Church Hall fête in Woolton on 6 July 1957.[33] He formed a close working relationship with Lennon and they collaborated writing many songs. Harrison joined the group in early 1958 as lead guitarist, followed in early 1960 by Lennon's art school friend, Stuart Sutcliffe on bass.[34][35] By May 1960, they had tried several new names, including "Johnny and the Moondogs" and "The Silver Beetles", playing a tour of Scotland under that name with Johnny Gentle. They finally changed the name of the group to "The Beatles" in mid-August 1960 and recruited Pete Best at short notice to become their drummer for an imminent engagement in Hamburg.[36][37]
1960–1970: The Beatles
From August 1960, The Beatles were booked by Allan Williams,[38] to perform at a club in Hamburg.[39] During extended stays over the next two years, The Beatles performed as a resident group in a number of Hamburg clubs. On returns to Liverpool they played at the Cavern club. Prior to the end of the residency, Sutcliffe left the band, so McCartney, reluctantly, became The Beatles' bass player.[40] The Beatles recorded their first published musical material in Hamburg, performing as the backing group for Tony Sheridan on the single "My Bonnie".[41] This recording later brought the Beatles to the attention of a key figure in their subsequent development and commercial success, Brian Epstein, who became their next manager.[42] Epstein eventually negotiated a record contract for the group with Parlophone in May 1962.[43] After replacing Best with Ringo Starr on drums, The Beatles became popular in the UK in 1963 and in the US in 1964. In 1965, they were each appointed as a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE).[44] After performing concerts, plays, and tours almost non-stop for a period of nearly four years, and giving more than one thousand four hundred live performances internationally,[45] The Beatles gave their last commercial concert at the end of their 1966 US tour.[46] They continued to work in the recording studio from 1966 until their break-up in 1970. In the eight years from 1962 to 1970, the group had released twenty-four UK singles and twelve studio albums, often released in different configurations in the USA and other countries (see discography).
Since 1970
After the break-up of The Beatles, McCartney continued his musical career, in solo work as well as in collaborations with other musicians. After releasing his solo album McCartney in 1970, he worked with Linda McCartney to record the album Ram in 1971. Later the same year, the pair were joined by guitarist Denny Laine and drummer Denny Seiwell to form the group Wings, which was active between 1971 and 1981 and released numerous successful singles and albums (see Wings discography). McCartney also collaborated with a number of other popular artists including Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson, Eric Stewart, and Elvis Costello. In 1985, McCartney played "Let It Be" at the Live Aid concert in London, backed by Bob Geldof, Pete Townshend, David Bowie, and Alison Moyet.
Initially Australia was to be included in the 1989 world tour but McCartney decided to play extra shows in America. On the 1993 (New World Tour), McCartney toured Australia extensively; this was his third and most recent tour of Australia. A proposed further tour to Australia in 2002 was cancelled after the Bali Bombings claiming that touring after the bombings would be insensitive.[47]
In 1989, he joined forces with fellow Merseysiders including Gerry Marsden of Gerry and the Pacemakers and Holly Johnson of Frankie Goes to Hollywood to record a new version of Ferry Cross the Mersey (originally recorded 25 years earlier by Gerry and the Pacemakers) to generate money for the appeal fund of the Hillsborough disaster, which occurred on 15 April that year and in which 96 Liverpool F.C. fans died as a result of their injuries.[48]
The 1990s saw McCartney venture into orchestral music, and in 1991 the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Society commissioned a musical piece by McCartney to celebrate its sesquicentennial.[49]
He collaborated with Carl Davis to release Liverpool Oratorio;[50] involving the opera singers Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, Sally Burgess,[51] Jerry Hadley and Willard White, with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra and the choir of Liverpool Cathedral.[52] The Prince of Wales later honoured McCartney as a Fellow of The Royal College of Music[53] and Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music (2008). Other forays into classical music included Standing Stone (1997), Working Classical (1999), Ecce Cor Meum (2006), and "Ocean's Kingdom" (2011). It was announced in the 1997 New Year Honours that McCartney was to be knighted for services to music,[54] becoming Sir Paul McCartney.[55] In 1999, McCartney was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist and in May 2000, he was awarded a Fellowship by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. The 1990s also saw McCartney, Harrison, and Starr working together on Apple's The Beatles Anthology documentary series.
Having witnessed the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks from the JFK airport tarmac,[56][57] McCartney took a lead role in organising The Concert for New York City. In November 2002, on the first anniversary of George Harrison's death, McCartney performed at the Concert for George.[58] He has also participated in the National Football League's Super Bowl, performing in the pre-game show for Super Bowl XXXVI and headlining the halftime show at Super Bowl XXXIX.
McCartney has continued to work in the realms of popular and classical music, touring the world and performing at a large number of concerts and events; on more than one occasion he has performed again with Ringo Starr. In 2008, he received a BRIT award for Outstanding Contribution to Music[59] and an honorary degree, Doctor of Music, from Yale University.[60] The same year, he performed at a concert in Liverpool to celebrate the city's year as European Capital of Culture.[61] In 2009, he received two nominations for the 51st annual Grammy awards, while in October of the same year he was named songwriter of the year at the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) Awards. On 15 July 2009, more than 45 years after The Beatles first appeared on American television on The Ed Sullivan Show, McCartney returned to the Ed Sullivan Theater to perform on Late Show with David Letterman.[62] McCartney was portrayed in the 2009 film Nowhere Boy, about Lennon's teenage years, by Thomas Sangster.
On 2 June 2010, McCartney was honoured by Barack Obama with the Gershwin Prize for his contributions to popular music in a live show for the White House with performances by Stevie Wonder, Lang Lang and many others.[63]
McCartney's enduring popularity has helped him schedule performances in new venues. He played three sold out concerts at newly-built Citi Field in Queens, New York (built to replace the iconic Shea Stadium) in July 2009. On 18 August 2010, McCartney opened the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[64]
McCartney has been touring since 2001 with guitarists Rusty Anderson and Brian Ray, Paul "Wix" Wickens on keyboards and drummer Abe Laboriel, Jr.
There are plans for an upcoming Paul McCartney tribute album with recordings of McCartney songs by Kiss, Garth Brooks, Billy Joel, B.B. King and others.[65]
Paul McCartney will be honoured as MusiCares Person of the Year on 10 February 2012, two days prior to the 54th Grammy Awards. [66]
Creative outlets
During the 1960s, McCartney was often seen at major cultural events, such as the launch party for the International Times and at The Roundhouse (28 January and 4 February 1967 respectively).[67] He also delved into the visual arts, becoming a close friend of leading art dealers and gallery owners, explored experimental film, and regularly attended movie, theatrical and classical music performances. His first contact with the London avant-garde scene was through John Dunbar, who introduced him to the art dealer Robert Fraser, who in turn introduced McCartney to an array of writers and artists. McCartney later became involved in the renovation and publicising of the Indica Gallery in Mason's Yard, London — John Lennon first met Yoko Ono at the Indica.[68][69] The Indica Gallery brought McCartney into contact with Barry Miles, whose underground newspaper, the International Times, McCartney helped to start.[70] Miles would become de facto manager of the Apple's short-lived Zapple Records label, and wrote McCartney's official biography, Many Years From Now (1997).
While living at the Asher house,[71] McCartney took piano lessons at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, which The Beatles' producer Martin had previously attended.[72][73] McCartney studied composers such as Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Luciano Berio.[74] McCartney later wrote and released several pieces of modern classical music and ambient electronica, besides writing poetry and painting. McCartney is lead patron of the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts, an arts school in the building formerly occupied by the Liverpool Institute for Boys.[75] The 1837 building, which McCartney attended during his schooldays, had become derelict by the mid-1980s.[75] On 7 June 1996, Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the redeveloped building.[75]
Electronic music
After the recording of "Yesterday" in 1965, McCartney contacted the BBC Radiophonic Workshop in Maida Vale, London, to see if they could record an electronic version of the song, but never followed it up.[76] When visiting John Dunbar's flat in London, McCartney would take along tapes he had compiled at Jane Asher's house.[77] The tapes were mixes of various songs, musical pieces and comments made by McCartney that he had Dick James make into a demo record for him.[78] Heavily influenced by John Cage, he made tape loops by recording voices, guitars, and bongoes on a Brenell tape recorder, and splicing the various loops together. He reversed the tapes, sped them up, and slowed them down to create the effects he wanted, some of which were later used on Beatles' recordings, such as "Tomorrow Never Knows". McCartney referred to the tapes as "electronic symphonies".[79]
In the spring of 1966 McCartney rented a ground floor and basement flat from Ringo Starr at 34 Montagu Square, to be used as a small demo studio for spoken-word recordings by poets, writers (including William S. Burroughs) and avant-garde musicians.[80] The Beatles' Apple Records then launched a sub-label, Zapple with Miles as its manager, ostensibly to release recordings of a similar aesthetic, although few releases would ultimately result as Apple and The Beatles slid into business and personal difficulties.[80]
In 1995, McCartney recorded a radio series called "Oobu Joobu"[81] for the American network Westwood One, which he described as being "wide-screen radio".[82] During the 1990s, McCartney collaborated with Youth of Killing Joke under the name The Fireman,[83] and released two ambient electronic albums: Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest (1993) and Rushes (1998). In 2000, he released an album titled Liverpool Sound Collage[84] with Super Furry Animals and Youth, utilising the sound collage and musique concrète techniques that fascinated him in the mid-1960s. In 2005, he worked on a project with bootleg producer and remixer Freelance Hellraiser, consisting of remixed versions of songs from throughout his solo career which were released under the title Twin Freaks.[85] The Fireman's third album Electric Arguments was released on 25 November 2008. Unlike the first two Fireman albums, this one was more song-based in its structure. McCartney told L.A. Weekly in a January 2009, "Fireman is improvisational theatre ... I formalise it a bit to get it into the studio, and when I step up to a microphone, I have a vague idea of what I’m about to do. I usually have a song, and I know the melody and lyrics, and my performance is the only unknown."[86]
Film
McCartney was interested in animated films as a child, and later had the financial resources to ask Geoff Dunbar to direct a short animated film called Rupert and the Frog Song, in 1981. McCartney was the producer, he wrote the music and the script, and also added some of the character voices.[87] McCartney wrote and starred in the 1984 film Give My Regards to Broad Street. The film and soundtrack featured the popular hit "No More Lonely Nights", and the album reached No.1 in the UK, but the film did not do well commercially or critically.[88] Roger Ebert awarded the film a single star and wrote, "You can safely skip the movie and proceed directly to the sound track."[89] Dunbar worked again with McCartney on an animated film about the work of French artist Honoré Daumier, in 1992, which won both of them a Bafta award.[90] They also worked on Tropic Island Hum, in 1997.[91] In 1995, McCartney made a guest appearance in the "Lisa the Vegetarian", an episode of The Simpsons, and directed a short documentary about The Grateful Dead.[92][93]
In May 2000, McCartney released Wingspan: An Intimate Portrait, a retrospective documentary that features behind-the-scenes films and photographs that Paul and Linda McCartney (who had died in 1998) took of their family and bands.[94] Interspersed throughout the 88 minute film is an interview by Mary McCartney with her father. Mary was the baby photographed inside McCartney's jacket on the back cover of his first solo album, McCartney, and was one of the producers of the documentary.[95]
Painting
In 1966, McCartney met art gallery-owner Robert Fraser, whose flat was visited by many well-known artists.[96] McCartney met Andy Warhol, Claes Oldenburg, Peter Blake, and Richard Hamilton there, and learned about art appreciation.[96] McCartney later started buying paintings by Magritte, and used Magritte's painting of an apple for the Apple Records logo.[97] He now owns Magritte's easel and spectacles.[98]
McCartney's love of painting surfaced after watching artist Willem de Kooning paint, in Kooning's Long Island studio.[99] McCartney took up painting in 1983.[100] In 1999, he exhibited his paintings (featuring McCartney's portraits of John Lennon, Andy Warhol, and David Bowie) for the first time in Siegen, Germany, and included photographs by Linda. He chose the gallery because Wolfgang Suttner (local events organiser) was genuinely interested in his art, and the positive reaction led to McCartney showing his work in UK galleries.[101] The first UK exhibition of McCartney's work was opened in Bristol, England with more than 50 paintings on display. McCartney had previously believed that "only people that had been to art school were allowed to paint" – as Lennon had.[101]
In October 2000, Yoko Ono and McCartney presented art exhibitions in New York and London. McCartney said, "I've been offered an exhibition of my paintings at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool where John and I used to spend many a pleasant afternoon. So I'm really excited about it. I didn't tell anybody I painted for 15 years but now I'm out of the closet."[102][103]
As an artist, Paul McCartney designed a series of six postage stamps issued by the Isle of Man Post on 1 July 2002. According to BBC News, McCartney seems to be the first major rock star in the world who is also known as a stamp designer.[104]
Writing and poetry
When McCartney was young, his mother read him poems and encouraged him to read books. McCartney's father was interested in crosswords and invited the two young McCartneys (Paul and his brother Michael) to solve them with him, so as to increase their "word power".[105] McCartney was later inspired – in his school years – by Alan Durband, who was McCartney's English literature teacher at the Liverpool Institute.[106] Durband was a co-founder and fund-raiser at the Everyman Theatre in Liverpool, where Willy Russell also worked, and introduced McCartney to Geoffrey Chaucer's works.[107] McCartney later took his A-level exams, but passed only one subject – Art.[108][109]
In 2001 McCartney published 'Blackbird Singing', a volume of poems, some of which were lyrics to his songs, and gave readings in Liverpool and New York City.[110] Some of them were serious: "Here Today" (about Lennon) and some humorous ("Maxwell's Silver Hammer").[111] In the foreword of the book, McCartney explained that when he was a teenager, he had "an overwhelming desire" to have a poem of his published in the school magazine. He wrote something "deep and meaningful", but it was rejected, and he feels that he has been trying to get some kind of revenge ever since. His first "real poem" was about the death of his childhood friend, Ivan Vaughan.[110]
In October 2005, McCartney released a children's book called High in the Clouds: An Urban Furry Tail. In a press release publicising the book, McCartney said, "I have loved reading for as long as I can remember", singling out Treasure Island as a childhood favourite.[112] McCartney collaborated with author Philip Ardagh and animator Geoff Dunbar to write the book.[113]
Contact with fellow ex-Beatles
This section is about social and other general interactions. For creative collaborations, see Collaborations between ex-Beatles.John Lennon
Although McCartney's post-Beatles relationship with John Lennon was troubled, they became close again briefly in 1974 and even played together for the only time since The Beatles split (see A Toot and a Snore in '74). In later years, the two grew apart again.[114] McCartney would often call Lennon, but was never sure of what sort of reception he would get,[115] such as when McCartney once called Lennon and was told, "You're all pizza and fairytales!" [115] McCartney understood that he could not just phone Lennon and only talk about business, so they often talked about cats, baking bread, or babies.[116] According to May Pang, during Lennon's "Lost Weekend" with her they planned to visit McCartney in New Orleans, where McCartney was recording the Venus and Mars album, but Lennon went back to Ono the day before the planned visit after Ono said she had a new cure for Lennon's smoking habit.[117]
In a 1980 interview, Lennon said that the last time he had seen McCartney was when they had watched the episode of Saturday Night Live (May 1976) in which Lorne Michaels had made his $3,000 cash offer[118] to get Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Starr to reunite on the show. McCartney and Lennon had seriously considered going to the studio, but were too tired.[119] This event was fictionalised in the 2000 television film Two of Us. His last telephone call to Lennon, which was just before Lennon and Ono released Double Fantasy, was friendly. During the call, Lennon said (laughing) to McCartney, "This housewife wants a career!"[120] which referred to Lennon's househusband years, while looking after Sean Lennon.[121] In 1984, McCartney said this about the phone call: "Yes. That is a nice thing, a consoling factor for me, because I do feel it was sad that we never actually sat down and straightened our differences out. But fortunately for me, the last phone conversation I ever had with him was really great, and we didn't have any kind of blow-up."[122] Linda McCartney, speaking in the same 1984 interview stated: "I know that Paul was desperate to write with John again. And I know John was desperate to write. Desperate. People thought, well, he's taking care of Sean, he's a househusband and all that, but he wasn't happy. He couldn't write and it drove him crazy. And Paul could have helped him... easily."[122]
- Reaction to Lennon's murder
Main article: Death of John LennonOn the morning of 9 December 1980, McCartney awoke to the news that Lennon had been murdered outside his home in the Dakota building in New York City.[123] Lennon's death created a media frenzy around the surviving members of The Beatles.[124] On the evening of 9 December, as McCartney was leaving an Oxford Street recording studio, he was surrounded by reporters and asked for his reaction to Lennon's death.[125] He was later criticised for what appeared, when published, to be an utterly superficial response: "It's a drag". [126] McCartney explained, "When John was killed somebody stuck a microphone at me and said: 'What do you think about it?' I said, 'It's a dra-a-ag' and meant it with every inch of melancholy I could muster. When you put that in print it says, 'McCartney in London today when asked for a comment on his dead friend said, "It's a drag."' It seemed a very flippant comment to make."[126] McCartney was also to recall:
“ I talked to Yoko the day after he was killed and the first thing she said was, "John was really fond of you." The last telephone conversation I had with him we were still the best of mates. He was always a very warm guy, John. His bluff was all on the surface. He used to take his glasses down, those granny glasses, and say, "It's only me." They were like a wall, you know? A shield. Those are the moments I treasure.[127] ” In 1983, McCartney said:
“ I would not have been as typically human and standoffish as I was if I knew John was going to die. I would have made more of an effort to try and get behind his "mask" and have a better relationship with him.'[127] ” In a Playboy interview in 1984, McCartney said that he went home that night and watched the news on television – while sitting with all his children – and cried all evening.
McCartney carried on recording after the death of Lennon but did not play any live concerts for some time. He explained that this was because he was nervous that he would be "the next" to be murdered.[128][129] This led to a disagreement with Denny Laine, who wanted to continue touring and subsequently left Wings, which McCartney disbanded in 1981.[130] Also in June 1981, six months after Lennon's death, McCartney sang backup on George Harrison's tribute to Lennon, "All Those Years Ago", which also featured Ringo Starr on drums. McCartney would go on to record "Here Today", a tribute song to Lennon.
George Harrison
In 1977, Harrison had this to say about working with McCartney: "There were a lot of tracks though where I played bass...because what Paul would do, if he's written a song, he'd learn all the parts for Paul and then come in the studio and say, 'Do this.' He'd never give you the opportunity to come out with something. Paul would always help along when you'd done his ten songs—then when he got 'round to doing one of my songs, he would help. It was silly. It was very selfish, actually."[131] While being interviewed circa 1988, Harrison said McCartney had recently mentioned the possibility of the two of them writing together, to which Harrison laughed, "I've only been there about 30 years in Paul's life and it's like now he wants to write with me."
In September 1980, Lennon said of Harrison and McCartney's working relationship: "I remember the day [Harrison] called to ask for help on "Taxman", one of his bigger songs. I threw in a few one-liners to help the song along, because that's what he asked for. He came to me because he could not go to Paul, because Paul would not have helped him at that period."[132] Despite this statement, McCartney did contribute to the song, playing the track's guitar solo.
In late 2001, McCartney learned that Harrison was losing his battle with cancer. Upon Harrison's death on 29 November 2001, McCartney told Entertainment Tonight, Access Hollywood, Extra, Good Morning America, The Early Show, MTV, VH1 and Today that George was like his "baby brother". Harrison spent his last days in a Hollywood Hills mansion that was once leased by McCartney.[133] On the day Harrison died, McCartney said, "George was a fantastic guy...still laughing and joking...a very brave man...and I love him like...he's my brother."[134] While guesting on Larry King Live alongside Ringo Starr, McCartney said of the last time he saw Harrison, "We just sat there stroking hands. And this is a guy, and, you know, you don't stroke hands with guys, like that, you know it was just beautiful. We just spent a couple of hours and it was really lovely it was like...a favourite memory of mine."[135] On the first anniversary of Harrison's death, McCartney played Harrison's "Something" on a ukulele at the Concert for George.[58]
Personal relationships
Main article: Personal relationships of Paul McCartneyOne of McCartney's first girlfriends, in 1959, was called Layla, a name he remembers being unusual in Liverpool at the time.[136] Layla was slightly older than McCartney and used to ask him to baby-sit with her. Julie Arthur, another girlfriend, was Ted Ray's niece.[136]
Dot Rhone
McCartney's first serious girlfriend in Liverpool was Dot Rhone, whom he met at the Casbah club in 1959.[137] McCartney chose clothes and make-up for Rhone, and he paid for her to have her hair styled like Brigitte Bardot's.[138][139] When McCartney first went to Hamburg with The Beatles, he wrote to Rhone regularly, and she accompanied Cynthia Lennon to Hamburg when The Beatles played there again in 1962.[140] The couple had a three-year relationship, and were due to marry until Rhone's miscarriage.[141]
Jane Asher
McCartney first met the British actress Jane Asher on 18 April 1963, when a photographer asked them to pose together at a Beatles performance at the Royal Albert Hall in London.[142] The two began a relationship and McCartney took up residence with Asher at her parents' house at 57 Wimpole Street London, where he lived for nearly three years before the couple moved to McCartney's own house in St. John's Wood.[71] McCartney wrote several songs while at the Ashers', including "Yesterday" and several inspired by Asher, among them "And I Love Her", "You Won't See Me", and "I'm Looking Through You".[72] McCartney and Asher had a five-year relationship, and they planned to marry, but Asher broke off the engagement when she discovered McCartney had become involved with another woman, Francie Schwartz.[143][144] However, Schwartz stated that McCartney and Asher had already broken up before the incident.[145]
Linda McCartney
In 1969, McCartney married American photographer Linda Eastman, whom he described as the woman who gave him "the strength and courage to work again" after the break-up of The Beatles.[146] The pair had met previously at a 1967 Georgie Fame concert at The Bag O'Nails club,[94][147] during her UK assignment to take photographs of "Swinging Sixties" musicians in London. Paul and Linda were both vegetarian and supported the animal rights organisation People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.[148] They had four children – Linda's daughter Heather (who was adopted by Paul), Mary, Stella and James – and remained married until Linda's death from breast cancer in 1998.
Heather Mills
In 2002, McCartney married Heather Mills, a former model and anti-landmines campaigner. The couple had a child, Beatrice, in 2003. They separated in May 2006 and were divorced in May 2008. Widespread animosity towards McCartney's wives was reported in 2004. "They [the British public] didn't like me giving up on Jane Asher", McCartney said. "I married a New York divorcee with a child, and at the time they didn't like that."[149]
Nancy Shevell
McCartney married New Yorker Nancy Shevell in a civil ceremony at Old Marylebone Town Hall, London on 9 October 2011. The wedding was a "low-key affair" attended by a group of around 30 family and friends.[150] The couple had been dating since November 2007.[151] A breast cancer survivor,[citation needed] she is a member of the board of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority as well as vice president of a family-owned transportation conglomerate which owns New England Motor Freight.[152]
Lifestyle
Drugs
McCartney's introduction to drugs started in Hamburg, Germany.[153] The Beatles had to play for hours, and they were often given "Prellies" (Preludin) by German customers or by Astrid Kirchherr (whose mother bought them). McCartney would usually take one, but Lennon would often take four or five.[154]
McCartney remembered getting "very high" and giggling when The Beatles were introduced to cannabis by Bob Dylan in New York, in 1964.[155] McCartney's use of cannabis became regular, and he was quoted as saying that any future Beatles' lyrics containing the words "high", or "grass" were written specifically as a reference to cannabis, as was the phrase "another kind of mind" in "Got to Get You into My Life".[156] John Dunbar's flat at 29 Lennox Gardens, in London, became a regular hang-out for McCartney, where he talked to musicians, writers and artists, and smoked cannabis.[78] In 1965, Barry Miles introduced McCartney to hash brownies by using a recipe for hash fudge he found in the Alice B. Toklas Cookbook.[157] During the filming of Help!, he occasionally smoked a spliff in the car on the way to the studio during filming, which often made him forget his lines.[158] Help! director Dick Lester said that he overheard "two beautiful women" trying to cajole McCartney into taking heroin, but he refused.[158]
McCartney's attitude about cannabis was made public in the 1960s, when he added his name to an advertisement in The Times, on 24 July 1967, which asked for the legalisation of cannabis, the release of all prisoners imprisoned because of possession, and research into marijuana's medical uses. The advertisement was sponsored by a group called Soma and was signed by 65 people, including The Beatles, Epstein, RD Laing, 15 doctors, and two MPs.[159]
McCartney was introduced to cocaine by Robert Fraser, and it was available during the recording of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.[160][161] He admitted that he used the drug multiple times for about a year but stopped because of the unpleasant comedown.[162]
In 1967, on a sailing trip to Greece[163] (with the idea of buying an island for the whole group)[164] McCartney said everybody sat around and took LSD, although McCartney had first taken it with Tara Browne, in 1966.[165][166] He took his second "acid trip" with Lennon on 21 March 1967 after a studio session.[167] McCartney was the first British pop star to openly admit using LSD, in an interview in the now-defunct Queen magazine.[168] His admission was followed by a TV interview in the UK on ITN on 19 June 1967, and when McCartney was asked about his admission of LSD use, he said:
“ I was asked a question by a newspaper, and the decision was whether to tell a lie or tell him the truth. I decided to tell him the truth ... but I really didn't want to say anything, you know, because if I had my way I wouldn't have told anyone. I'm not trying to spread the word about this. But the man from the newspaper is the man from the mass medium. I'll keep it a personal thing if he does too, you know ... if he keeps it quiet. But he wanted to spread it so it's his responsibility, you know, for spreading it, not mine. ” McCartney was not arrested by Norman Pilcher's Drug Squad, as had been Donovan, and several members of the Rolling Stones.[162] In 1972, however, police found cannabis plants growing on his Scottish farm.[169]
On 16 January 1980, Wings went to Tokyo for 11 concerts in Japan.[170] As McCartney was going through customs, officials found 7.7 ounces (218.3 g) of cannabis in his luggage.[170] He was arrested and taken to a Tokyo prison while the Japanese government decided what to do. McCartney had been previously denied a visa to Japan (in 1975) because he had been convicted twice in Europe for possession of cannabis.[162] Public figures called for McCartney to be put on trial for drug-smuggling. Had he been convicted, he would have faced up to seven years in prison.[170] The Wings Japanese tour was cancelled and the other members of Wings left Japan. After ten days in jail, McCartney was released and deported. He was told that he would not be welcome in Japan again, although a decade later he played a concert in Tokyo.[170] In 1984, Paul and Linda McCartney were both arrested for possession of cannabis.[171][172]
In an interview in 2004 he stated that he no longer smoked marijuana; he also admitted to taking heroin, LSD and cocaine but said his drug use was never excessive.[173]
Meditation
On 24 August 1967, McCartney met the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi at the London Hilton, and later went to Bangor, in North Wales, to attend a weekend 'initiation' conference, at which time he and the other Beatles learned Transcendental Meditation (TM).[174] "The whole meditation experience was very good and I still use the mantra. . . I find it soothing and I can imagine that the more you were to get into it, the more interesting it would get." [175] The time McCartney later spent in India at the Maharishi's ashram was highly productive, as practically all of the songs that would later be recorded for The White Album and Abbey Road were composed there by McCartney, Lennon, or both together.[176] Although McCartney was told that he was never to repeat the mantra to anyone else, he did tell Linda McCartney,[177] and said he meditated a lot while he was in jail in Japan.[175] In 2009, McCartney, along with Ringo Starr, headlined a benefit concert at Radio City Music Hall, raising three million dollars for the David Lynch Foundation to fund instruction in Transcendental Meditation for at-risk youth.[178][179]
Activism
Paul and Linda McCartney became outspoken vegetarians and animal-rights activists. They said that their vegetarianism was realised when they happened to see lambs in a field as they ate a meal of lamb.[180] McCartney has also credited the 1942 Disney film Bambi – in which the young deer's mother is shot by a hunter – as the original inspiration for him to take an interest in animal rights.[181] In his first interview after Linda's death, he promised to continue working for animal rights.[182][183]
In 1999, McCartney spent £3,000,000 to make sure Linda McCartney's food range remained free of GM ingredients.[184] In 2002, McCartney gave his support to a campaign against a proposed ban on the sale of certain vitamins, herbs, and mineral products in the European Union.[185] Following his marriage to Heather Mills, McCartney joined with her to campaign against landmines;[186][187] both McCartney and Mills are patrons of Adopt-A-Minefield.[186] In 2003, he played a personal concert for the wife of a wealthy banker and donated his one million dollar fee to the charity.[188] He also wore an anti-landmines t-shirt on the Back in the World tour.[187]
In 2006, the McCartneys travelled to Prince Edward Island to bring international attention to the seal hunt (their final public appearance together). Their arrival sparked attention in Newfoundland and Labrador where the hunt is of economic significance.[189] The couple also debated with Newfoundland's Premier Danny Williams on the CNN show Larry King Live. They further stated that the fishermen should quit hunting seals and begin a seal watching business.[190] McCartney has also criticised China's fur trade[191][192] and supports the Make Poverty History campaign.[193]
McCartney has been involved with a number of charity recordings and performances. In 2004, he donated a song to an album to aid the "US Campaign for Burma", in support of Burmese Nobel Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi,[194] and he had previously been involved in the Concerts for the People of Kampuchea, Ferry Aid, Band Aid, Live Aid, and the recording of "Ferry Cross the Mersey" (released 8 May 1989) following the Hillsborough disaster.[195][196]
In a December 2008 interview with Prospect Magazine, McCartney mentioned that he tried to convince the Dalai Lama to become a vegetarian. In a letter to the Dalai Lama, McCartney took issue with Buddhism and meat-eating being considered compatible, saying, "Forgive me for pointing this out, but if you eat animals then there is some suffering somewhere along the line." The Dalai Lama replied to McCartney by saying his doctors advised him to eat meat for health reasons. In the interview McCartney said, "I wrote back saying they were wrong."[197]
Football
The Beatles were advised by Epstein to make no comments about the football clubs they supported because it could alienate some fans, though it was well known that McCartney was a supporter of Everton Football Club, and that his father and relatives used to take him to matches.[198][199] His allegiance later shifted to Liverpool F.C.,[200][201] as on 28 July 1968, The Beatles were photographed in a photographer's studio at 192–212 Gray's Inn Road, with McCartney wearing a Liverpool F.C. rosette.[202] Linda McCartney later said: "We spent last night listening to Liverpool football team on the radio, wanting them to win so badly. Paul supports Liverpool. He was for Everton for a while because of his family — but it's all Liverpool now."[200][203][204]
Lennon and McCartney were present to watch the 1966 FA Cup Final at Wembley, between Everton and Sheffield Wednesday, and McCartney attended the 1968 FA Cup Final (18 May 1968) which was played by West Bromwich Albion against Everton.[205] After the end of the match, McCartney shared cigarettes and whisky with other football fans.[204] The ex-Liverpool player, Albert Stubbins, was the only footballer shown on the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band cover.[199] McCartney tried to listen (on a radio) to the Liverpool v Manchester United 1977 FA Cup Final, while sailing in the Caribbean,[199] and the video for McCartney's "Pipes of Peace" (in 1983) recreated the 1915 football game played between German and British troops during World War I, at Christmas.[206][207]
At the end of the live version of "Coming Up" recorded in Glasgow in 1979 (later to become a US number one single) the crowd begins to sing "Paul McCartney!" until McCartney takes over and changes the chant to "Kenny Dalglish!", referring to the current Liverpool and Scotland striker. At the same concert, Gordon Smith, former football player who played for Rangers and Brighton & Hove Albion, met the McCartneys, and later accepted an invitation to visit their home in East Sussex in 1980. Smith later said that McCartney was "thrilled I knew Kenny Dalglish", to which Linda added: "I like Gordon McQueen of Man United", and Smith replied, "I know him too."[208]
McCartney attended the 1986 FA Cup Final between Liverpool and Everton,[204] and in 1989, he contributed to the "Ferry Cross the Mersey" charity single that was recorded to aid victims of the Hillsborough Disaster, which happened during a match between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest.[209] McCartney performed at the Liverpool F.C. Anfield stadium on 1 June 2008, as a part of Liverpool's European Capital of Culture year.[210] Dave Grohl from the Foo Fighters sang with McCartney on "Band on the Run", and played drums on "Back in the U.S.S.R.". Ono and Olivia Harrison attended the concert, along with Ken Dodd, and the former Liverpool F.C. football manager Rafael Benítez.[211][212][213]
In an interview in 2008, McCartney ended speculation about his allegiance when he said:
"Here's the deal: my father was born in Everton, my family are officially Evertonians, so if it comes down to a derby match or an FA Cup final between the two, I would have to support Everton. But after a concert at Wembley Arena I got a bit of a friendship with Kenny Dalglish, who had been to the gig and I thought 'You know what? I am just going to support them both because it's all Liverpool and I don't have that Catholic-Protestant thing.' So I did have to get special dispensation from the Pope to do this but that's it, too bad. I support them both. They are both great teams, but if it comes to the crunch, I'm Evertonian."[214]
In 2010, there was heavy speculation surrounding McCartney that he was to head up a consortium launching a take-over bid for struggling Charlton Athletic. Links between the club and the famous musician go a long way back with Charlton's famous supporters anthem – Valley, Floyd Road – using the tune and a number of lyrics from the Wings song "Mull of Kintyre".[215]
Business
McCartney is one of Britain's wealthiest musicians, with an estimated fortune of £750 million ($1.2 billion) in 2009,[216] although Justice Bennett, in his judgement on McCartney's divorce case found no evidence that McCartney was worth more than £400 million. In December 1998, he was approached to purchase a stake in Everton Football Club by former school friend Bill Kenwright who wished to put a consortium together but McCartney chose to decline the offer.[217] In addition to his interest in Apple Corps, McCartney's MPL Communications owns a significant music publishing catalogue, with access to over 25,000 copyrights.[218] McCartney earned £40 million in 2003, making him Britain's highest media earner.[219] This rose to £48.5 million by 2005.[220] In the same year he joined the top American talent agency Grabow Associates, who arrange private performances for their richest clients. Northern Songs was established in 1963, by Dick James, to publish the songs of Lennon/McCartney.[221]
The Beatles' partnership was replaced in 1968 by a jointly held company, Apple Corps, which continues to control Apple's commercial interests. Northern Songs was purchased by Associated Television (ATV) in 1969, and was sold in 1985 to Michael Jackson. For many years McCartney was unhappy about Jackson's purchase and handling of Northern Songs.[222]
MPL Communications is an umbrella company for McCartney's business interests, which owns a wide range of copyrights,[223] as well as the publishing rights to musicals.[224] In 2006, the Trademarks Registry reported that MPL had started a process to secure the protections associated with registering the name "Paul McCartney" as a trademark.[225] The 2005 films, Brokeback Mountain[226] and Good Night and Good Luck, feature MPL copyrights.[227]
In April 2009, it was revealed that McCartney, in common with other wealthy musicians, had seen a significant decline in his net worth over the preceding year. It was estimated that his fortune had fallen by some £60m, from £238m to £175m.[228] The losses were attributed to the ongoing global recession, and the resultant decline in value of property and stock market holdings.[228]
Critique, recognition and achievements
Main article: List of awards received by Paul McCartneyMcCartney is listed in The Guinness Book Of Records as the most successful musician and composer in popular music history with sales of 100 million singles and 60 gold discs,[229] "Sir Paul McCartney became the Most Successful Songwriter who has written/co written 188 charted records, of which 91 reached the Top 10 and 33 made it to No.1 totalling 1,662 weeks on the chart (up to the beginning of 2008)."[230]
In the US, McCartney has achieved thirty-two number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100, including twenty-one with The Beatles,[7] one as a co-writer on Elton John's cover of "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds",[10] nine solo, with Wings or other collaborators,[8] and one as the composer of "A World Without Love", a number one single for Peter and Gordon.[9] In the UK, McCartney has been involved in more number-one singles than any other artist under a variety of credits, although Elvis Presley has achieved more as a solo artist. McCartney has twenty four number-one singles in the UK, including seventeen with the Beatles, one solo, and one each with Wings, Stevie Wonder, Ferry Aid, Band Aid, Band Aid 20 and one with "The Christians et all".[6] McCartney is the only artist to reach the UK number one as a soloist ("Pipes of Peace"), duo ("Ebony and Ivory" with Stevie Wonder), trio ("Mull of Kintyre", Wings), quartet ("She Loves You", The Beatles), quintet ("Get Back", The Beatles with Billy Preston), and as part of a musical ensemble for charity (Ferry Aid).[231]
McCartney was voted the "Greatest Composer of the Millennium" by BBC News Online readers and McCartney's song "Yesterday" is thought to be the most covered song in history with more than 2,200 recorded versions[3] and according to the BBC, "The track is the only one by a UK writer to have been aired more than seven million times on American TV and radio and is third in the all-time list. Sir Paul McCartney's Yesterday is the most played song by a British writer this century in the US."[4] After its 1977 release, the Wings single "Mull of Kintyre" became the highest-selling record in British chart history, and remained so until 1984.[232] (Three charity singles have since surpassed it in sales; the first to do so, in 1984, was Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?" in which McCartney was a participant.)
On 2 July 2005, he was involved with the fastest-released single in history. His performance of "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" with U2 at Live 8 was released only 45 minutes after it was performed, before the end of the concert.[233] The single reached number six on the Billboard charts, just hours after the single's release, and hit number one on numerous online download charts across the world.[234] McCartney played for the largest stadium audience in history when 184,000 people paid to see him perform at Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 21 April 1990.[235]
McCartney's scheduled concert in St Petersburg, Russia was his 3,000th concert and took place in front of 60,000 fans in Russia, on 20 June 2004.[236] Over his career, McCartney has played 2,523 gigs with The Beatles, 140 with Wings, and 325 as a solo artist.[237] Only his second concert in Russia, with the first just the year before on Moscow's Red Square as the former Communist U.S.S.R. had previously banned music from The Beatles as a "corrupting influence", McCartney hired three jets, at a reported cost of $36,000 (€29,800) (£28,000), to spray dry ice in the clouds above Saint Petersburg's Winter Palace Square in a successful attempt to prevent rain.[238]
The day McCartney flew into the former Soviet country, he celebrated his 62nd birthday, and after the concert, according to RIA Novosti news agency, he received a phone call from a fan; then-President Vladimir Putin, who telephoned him after the concert to wish him a happy birthday.
In the concert programme for his 1989 world tour, McCartney wrote that Lennon received all the credit for being the avant-garde Beatle,[70] and McCartney was known as "baby-faced", which he disagreed with.[239] People also assumed that Lennon was the "hard-edged one", and McCartney was the "soft-edged" Beatle,[23] although McCartney admitted to "bossing Lennon around."[240] Linda McCartney said that McCartney had a "hard-edge" – and not just on the surface – which she knew about after all the years she had spent living with him.[23][241] McCartney seemed to confirm this edge when he commented that he sometimes meditates, which he said is better than "sleeping, eating, or shouting at someone".[177]
The minor planet 4148, discovered in 1983, was named "McCartney" in his honour.[242]
On 18 June 2006, McCartney celebrated his 64th birthday, a milestone that was the subject of one of the first songs he ever wrote, at the age of sixteen,[243] The Beatles' song "When I'm Sixty-Four". Paul Vallely noted in The Independent:
“ "Paul McCartney's 64th birthday is not merely a personal event. It is a cultural milestone for a generation. Such is the nature of celebrity, McCartney is one of those people who has represented the hopes and aspirations of those born in the baby-boom era, which had its awakening in the Sixties."[244] ” McCartney will receive the MusiCares Person of the Year honour on 10 February 2012.[66]
Discography
Tours
Main article: List of Paul McCartney concert toursArms
Arms of Paul McCartney Notes Crest On a Wreath of the Colours A Liver Bird calling Sable supporting with the dexter claws a Guitar Or stringed Sable.[246]Escutcheon Or between two Flaunches fracted fesswise two Roundels Sable over all six Guitar Strings palewise throughout counterchanged.[247]Motto ECCE COR MEUM (Behold my heart)References
- Footnotes
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- ^ "The Times and The Sunday Times Archive". Newsint-archive.co.uk. http://www.newsint-archive.co.uk/pages/S.asp?pubsel=BOTH&SrchText=Hillsborough&edn=&DateFromDD=17&DateFromMM=Apr&DateFromYY=1989&page=&SortOrder=Asc&SortOrder=asc&SortOrder=asc&SortOrder=asc&SortSpec=&DateToDD=21&DateToMM=Apr&ResultListMax=200&Submit1=Search&source=thetimes&DateToYY=1989&byline=&head=&Collection=NI%C2%A7%3D&Caption=&SortField=SDate&SortField=Pub&SortField=EDN&SortField=Page&ST=NS&Site=ALL&ResultCount=20&BackDD=Day&summreqd=yes&QueryText=(Hillsborough)+%3CAND%3E+(PUB%3DBOTH)+%3CAND%3E+((SDate%3E%3D4%2F17%2F1989)+%3CAND%3E+(SDate%3C%3D4%2F21%2F1989))&BackMM=Month&indexkey=29D8117191423728026E160&advsrch=0&BackYY=Year&_P=3&ResultMaxDocs=200&. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
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- Bibliography
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External links
- Official website
- Paul McCartney's Animation Website
- Paul McCartney Ecce Cor Meum audio Podcast
- Paul McCartney: Financial Accounts
- Paul McCartney at the Internet Movie Database
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videographyA Hard Day's Night · Help! · Magical Mystery Tour · Yellow Submarine · Let It Be · The Beatles: The First U.S. Visit · The Beatles at Shea Stadium · The Compleat Beatles · The Beatles Anthology · All Together Now
Live performances Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro UK Tour · 1964 world tour · 1965 European tour · 1965 US tour · 1966 US tour · List of live performances
Associated places 34 Montagu Square, Marylebone · Abbey Road · Abbey Road Studios · The Bag O'Nails · Beatlemania Hamburg · Beatles-Platz · Blue Angel · The Casbah Coffee Club · Candlestick Park · The Cavern Club · Kaiserkeller · Kinfauns · Savile Row · Scotch of St James · Stanley Street · The Star-Club · Strawberry Field · Tittenhurst Park · The Top Ten Club · Wigmore Street · Yellow Submarine sculpture
Associated companies Influence Artists who have covered the Beatles · Beatlemania · British Invasion · Fifth Beatle · Influence on popular culture · Jeff Lynne and The Beatles · Recording technology · The Rutles · Tributes
Lists Awards and nominations · Bootlegs · Cover songs · Discography · Instruments · Post-breakup collaborations · Record sales · Recording sessions · Songs · Sgt. Pepper cover
Related articles Apple Corps v Apple Computer · Apple scruffs · Beatle boots · The Beatles (TV series) · The Beatles Anthology (book) · Beatles Day · The Beatles Tapes from the David Wigg Interviews · The Beeb's Lost Beatles Tapes · The Ed Sullivan Show · How I Won the War · In My Life · Lennon/McCartney · Paul is dead · Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (film) · Up Against It
Book · Category · Portal · WikiProject People associated with The Beatles Personnel Neil Aspinall · Dave Dexter, Jr. · Geoff Emerick · Mal Evans · Glyn Johns · Bert Kaempfert · Jeff Lynne · Magic Alex · Ken Mansfield · George Martin · Giles Martin · Phil McDonald · Ken Scott · Norman Smith · Phil Spector · Alistair Taylor · Chris Thomas · Ken Townsend
Businessmen Peter Bennett · Sid Bernstein · Peter Brown · Lee Eastman · Brian Epstein · Dick James · Allen Klein · Larry Parnes · Allan Williams
Musicians Eric Clapton · The Dirty Mac · Donovan · Bob Dylan · Johnny Gentle · Nicky Hopkins · Johnny Hutchinson · Mick Jagger · Brian Jones · Jim Keltner · David Mason · Tommy Moore · Chas Newby · Jimmie Nicol · Harry Nilsson · Peter and Gordon · Plastic Ono Band · Billy Preston · Ronnie Scott · Ravi Shankar · Tony Sheridan · Rory Storm and the Hurricanes · Andy White
Writers Tony Barrow · Ray Connolly · Hunter Davies · Mark Lewisohn · Alan W. Pollack · Bruce Spizer · Derek Taylor
Girlfriends / wives Parents / guardians Other Bill Harry · Ken Brown · George Dunning · Horst Fascher · The Fool · Robert Freeman · Bruno Koschmider · Richard Lester · Murray the K · Pete Shotton · Ivan Vaughan · Jürgen Vollmer · Klaus Voormann · Maharishi Mahesh Yogi
The Beatles album discography Albums in the core catalogue are marked in bold. Studio albums US albums Canadian albums Beatlemania! With The Beatles · Twist and Shout · The Beatles' Long Tall Sally
Extended plays Twist and Shout · The Beatles' Hits · The Beatles (No. 1) · All My Loving · Souvenir of Their Visit to America · Four by The Beatles · Long Tall Sally · Extracts from the Film A Hard Day's Night · Extracts from the Album A Hard Day's Night · 4-by The Beatles · Beatles for Sale · Beatles for Sale (No. 2) · The Beatles' Million Sellers · Yesterday · Nowhere Man · Magical Mystery Tour
Live albums Compilations The Beatles' Christmas Album / From Then to You · Past Masters · Anthology (vol. 1 · 2 · 3)
Remixes Yellow Submarine Songtrack · Let It Be... Naked · Love
Box sets The Beatles Collection · The Beatles: The Collection · The Beatles Box · The Beatles Box Set · The Capitol Albums (vol. 1 · 2) · The Beatles in Mono · The Beatles Stereo Box Set
The Beatles compilation discography Bert Kaempfert
recordingsMy Bonnie (w/ Tony Sheridan; GER, 1962) • The Beatles with Tony Sheridan & Guests (1964) • Ain't She Sweet (1964) • The Beatles' First (GER, 1964 / UK, 1967) • In the Beginning (Circa 1960) (1970) • The Early Tapes of The Beatles (1984) • Beatles Bop – Hamburg Days (2001)
Hits A Collection of Beatles Oldies (1966) • 1962–1966 (1973) • 1967–1970 (1973) • 20 Greatest Hits (1982) • The Number Ones (AUS, 1983) • 1 (2000)
Themes Rock 'n' Roll Music (1976) • Love Songs (1977) • The Beatles' Ballads (1980) • Reel Music (1982)
Non-album tracks Hey Jude (US, 1970 / UK, 1979) • Rarities (UK, 1978) • Rarities (US, 1980) • Past Masters, Volume One (1988) • Past Masters, Volume Two (1988)
Alternative versions Yellow Submarine Songtrack (1999) • Let It Be... Naked (2003)
Other The Beatles in Italy (ITA, 1965) • The Beatles' Christmas Album (US) / From Then to You (UK) (1970) • Por Siempre Beatles (ARG, 1971) • Love (2006)
Unreleased Sessions (due date 1985)
Live albums Live! at the Star-Club in Hamburg, Germany; 1962 (1977) • The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl (1977) • First Live Recordings (1979) • Live at the BBC (1994)
Anthology Anthology 1 (1995) • Anthology 2 (1996) • Anthology 3 (1996)
Boxed sets The Beatles Collection (UK, 1978 / US, 1979) • The Beatles Box (1980) • The Beatles: The Collection (1982) • The Beatles Mono Collection (1982) • The Beatles Box Set (1988) • The Capitol Albums, Volume 1 (2004) • The Capitol Albums, Volume 2 (2006) • The Beatles Stereo Box Set (2009) • The Beatles in Mono (2009)
The Beatles singles discography UK and US
(all labels)1963"Please Please Me" / "Ask Me Why" · "From Me to You" / "Thank You Girl" · "She Loves You" / "I'll Get You" · "I Want to Hold Your Hand" / "This Boy" (UK) - "I Saw Her Standing There" (US)1964"Can't Buy Me Love" / "You Can't Do That" · "A Hard Day's Night" / "Things We Said Today" (UK) - "I Should Have Known Better" (US) · "I Feel Fine" / "She's a Woman"196519661967"Penny Lane" / "Strawberry Fields Forever" · "All You Need Is Love" / "Baby, You're a Rich Man" · "Hello, Goodbye" / "I Am the Walrus"19681969"Get Back" / "Don't Let Me Down" · "The Ballad of John and Yoko" / "Old Brown Shoe" · "Something" / "Come Together"1970197819951996"Real Love" / "Baby's in Black"UK only
(Parlophone,
Apple)19621964"Ain't She Sweet" / "If You Love Me, Baby"1976US only
(Vee-Jay, Swan,
Tollie, Capitol,
Apple)1964"Twist and Shout" / "There's a Place" · "Do You Want to Know a Secret" / "Thank You Girl" · "Love Me Do" / "P.S. I Love You · "Sie Liebt Dich (She Loves You)" / "I'll Get You" · "I'll Cry Instead" / "I'm Happy Just to Dance with You" · "And I Love Her" / "If I Fell" · "Matchbox" / "Slow Down"19651966"Nowhere Man" / "What Goes On"197019761982Grammy Award for Song of the Year (1959 & 1960s) Domenico Modugno - "Volare" (1959) · Jimmy Driftwood - "The Battle of New Orleans" (1960) · Ernest Gold - "Theme from Exodus" (1961) · Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini - "Moon River" (1962) · Leslie Bricusse & Anthony Newley - "What Kind of Fool Am I?" (1963) · Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini - "Days of Wine and Roses" (1964) · Jerry Herman - "Hello, Dolly!" (1965) · Paul Francis Webster & Johnny Mandel - "The Shadow of Your Smile" (1966) · John Lennon & Paul McCartney - "Michelle" (1967) · Jimmy Webb - "Up, Up, and Away" (1968) · Bobby Russell - "Little Green Apples" (1969)
Complete list · (1960s) · (1970s) · (1980s) · (1990s) · (2000s) · (2010s) Grammy Award for Album of the Year (1959 & 1960s) The Music from Peter Gunn performed by Henry Mancini (1959) Come Dance with Me! performed by Frank Sinatra (1960) The Button-Down Mind of Bob Newhart performed by Bob Newhart (1961) Judy at Carnegie Hall performed by Judy Garland (1962) The First Family performed by Vaughn Meader (1963) The Barbra Streisand Album performed by Barbra Streisand (1964) Getz/Gilberto performed by Stan Getz & João Gilberto (1965) September of My Years performed by Frank Sinatra, produced by Sonny Burke (1966) A Man and His Music performed by Frank Sinatra, produced by Sonny Burke (1967) Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band performed by The Beatles (George Harrison, John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr), produced by George Martin (1968) By the Time I Get to Phoenix performed by Glen Campbell, produced by Al De Lory (1969) Complete list · (1960s) · (1970s) · (1980s) · (1990s) · (2000s) · (2010s) Laureates of the Polar Music Prize 1992–1999 Paul McCartney / the Baltic states (1992) · Dizzy Gillespie / Witold Lutosławski (1993) · Quincy Jones / Nikolaus Harnoncourt (1994) · Elton John / Mstislav Rostropovich (1995) · Joni Mitchell / Pierre Boulez (1996) · Bruce Springsteen / Eric Ericson (1997) · Ray Charles / Ravi Shankar (1998) · Stevie Wonder / Iannis Xenakis (1999)2000–2009 Bob Dylan / Isaac Stern (2000) · Burt Bacharach / Robert Moog / Karlheinz Stockhausen (2001) · Miriam Makeba / Sofia Gubaidulina (2002) · Keith Jarrett (2003) · B.B. King / György Ligeti (2004) · Gilberto Gil / Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (2005) · Led Zeppelin / Valery Gergiev (2006) · Sonny Rollins / Steve Reich (2007) · Pink Floyd / Renée Fleming (2008) · Peter Gabriel / José Antonio Abreu / El Sistema (2009)2010–present Björk / Ennio Morricone (2010) · Kronos Quartet / Patti Smith (2011)Kennedy Center Honorees 1970s 197819791980s 19801981198219831984198519861987198819891990s 199019911992Lionel Hampton · Paul Newman & Joanne Woodward · Ginger Rogers · Mstislav Rostropovich · Paul Taylor19931994199519961997199819992000s 20002001200220032004200520062007200820092010s 20102011Categories:- Paul McCartney
- 1942 births
- English-language singers
- English male singers
- English multi-instrumentalists
- English pop singers
- English rock bass guitarists
- English rock guitarists
- English rock pianists
- English rock singers
- English singer-songwriters
- English people of Irish descent
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- Living people
- Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music
- Transcendental Meditation practitioners
- People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys
- Silver Clef Awards winners
- Animal rights advocates
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