111th United States Congress

111th United States Congress
United States Capitol (2007)
Duration: January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
Senate President:	Dick Cheney (R), until Jan. 20, 2009 Joe Biden (D), from Jan. 20, 2009
Senate Pres. pro tem:	Robert Byrd (D), until June 28, 2010 Daniel Inouye (D) from June 28, 2010[1]
House Speaker:	Nancy Pelosi (D)
Members:	100 Senators 435 Representatives 6 Non-voting members
Senate Majority:	Democratic Party
House Majority:	Democratic Party
Sessions
1st: January 6, 2009 – December 24, 2009[2] 2nd: January 5, 2010[3] – December 22, 2010[4]
<110th 112th>

Inauguration of Barack Obama at the U.S. Capitol, January 20, 2009.

President Obama signing the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 into law, January 29, 2009.

Sonia Sotomayor testifying before the Senate Judiciary Committee on her appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, July 13, 2009.

President Obama addressing Congress regarding health care reform, September 9, 2009.

Tea Party protests in front of the U.S. Capitol, September 12, 2009.

President Obama delivering the 2010 State of the Union Address, January 25, 2010.

President Obama signing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law, March 23, 2010.

Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy swearing in Elena Kagan during her first day of testimony on her appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, June 28, 2010

President Obama signing the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act of 2010 into law, January 2, 2011.

The One Hundred Eleventh United States Congress was the meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government from January 3, 2009 until January 3, 2011. It began during the last two weeks of the George W. Bush administration, with the remainder spanning the first two years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The apportionment of seats in the House was based on the 2000 U.S. Census. In the November 4, 2008 elections, the Democratic Party increased its majorities in both chambers. A new delegate seat was created for the Northern Mariana Islands.^[5]

Major events

• January 2009: Two Senate seats were disputed when the Congress convened:
  1. An appointment dispute over the Illinois seat vacated by President Barack Obama arose following Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich's alleged solicitation of bribes in exchange for an appointment to the Senate. Roland Burris (D) was appointed to the seat on December 31, 2008, his credentials were accepted on January 12, 2009, and he was sworn in to office on January 15, 2009.
  2. An election dispute over the Minnesota seat previously held by Norm Coleman (R), between Coleman and challenger Al Franken (D), was decided in late June 2009 in favor of Franken,^[6] who was sworn in on July 7, 2009.^[7]
• January 8, 2009: Joint session counted the Electoral College votes of the 2008 presidential election.^[8]
• January 20, 2009: Inauguration of President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden.
• September 9, 2009: President Obama addressed a joint session of Congress to promote health care reform, which Representative Joe Wilson (R) interrupted by shouting at the President.
• January 25, 2010: 2010 State of the Union Address
• April 20, 2010: Deepwater Horizon oil spill
• November 2, 2010: 2010 general elections, in which Republicans regained control of the House while the Democrats remained in control of the Senate.

Major legislation

Enacted

Main article: Acts of the 111th United States Congress

• January 29, 2009: Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-2
• February 4, 2009: Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (SCHIP), Pub.L. 111-3
• February 17, 2009: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), Pub.L. 111-5
• March 11, 2009: Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009, Pub.L. 111-8
• March 30, 2009: Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-11
• April 21, 2009: Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act, Pub.L. 111-13
• May 20, 2009: Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-21
• May 20, 2009: Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-22
• May 22, 2009: Weapon Systems Acquisition Reform Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-23
• May 22, 2009: Credit CARD Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-24
• June 22, 2009: Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, as Division A of Pub.L. 111-31
• June 24, 2009: Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2009 including the Car Allowance Rebate System (Cash for Clunkers), Pub.L. 111-32
• October 28, 2009: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, including the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, Pub.L. 111-84
• November 6, 2009: Worker, Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-92
• December 16, 2009: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010, Pub.L. 111-117
• February 12, 2010: Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act, as Title I of Pub.L. 111-139
• March 4, 2010: Travel Promotion Act of 2009, as Section 9 of Pub.L. 111-145
• March 18, 2010: Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act, Pub.L. 111-147
• March 23, 2010: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Pub.L. 111-148
• March 30, 2010: Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, including the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act, Pub.L. 111-152
• May 5, 2010: Caregivers and Veterans Omnibus Health Services Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-163
• July 1, 2010: Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-195
• July 21, 2010: Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Pub.L. 111-203
• August 3, 2010: Fair Sentencing Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-220
• August 10, 2010: SPEECH Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-223
• September 27, 2010: Small Business Jobs and Credit Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-240
• December 8, 2010: Claims Resolution Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-291
• December 13, 2010: Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-296
• December 17, 2010: Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-312, H.R. 4853
• December 22, 2010: Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-321, H.R. 2965
• January 2, 2011: James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-347, H.R. 847
• January 4, 2011: Shark Conservation Act, Pub.L. 111-348, H.R. 81
• January 4, 2011: Food Safety and Modernization Act, Pub.L. 111-353, H.R. 2751

Health care reform

See also: Health care reform in the United States and Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

At the encouragement of the Obama administration, Congress devoted significant time considering health care reform. In March 2010, Obama signed the Senate-crafted Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law, the first comprehensive health care reform legislation in decades, and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 which further amended the Senate bill and also included the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act. Other major reform proposals during the health care debate included:

• Affordable Health Care for America Act (known as the House bill)
• America's Healthy Future Act (known as the Baucus bill)
• Healthy Americans Act (known as the Wyden/Bennett bill)
• United States National Health Care Act (known as the Conyers bill, a single payer proposal)

Proposed

(in alphabetical order)

• American Clean Energy and Security Act
• District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act
• Domestic Partnership Benefits and Obligations Act
• DREAM Act
• Employee Free Choice Act
• Employment Non-Discrimination Act
• Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009
• Food Safety Enhancement Act
• Gun Show Loophole Closing Act of 2009
• Military Readiness Enhancement Act
• Native Hawaiian Government Reorganization Act
• Puerto Rico Democracy Act of 2009
• Public Option Act
• Respect for Marriage Act
• Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act
• Uniting American Families Act
• Universal Right to Vote by Mail Act

See also: Active Legislation, 111th Congress, via senate.gov

Vetoed

See also: List of United States presidential vetoes

• December 30, 2009: H.J.Res. 64, a continuing appropriations resolution that became unnecessary
• October 7, 2010: H.R. 3808, Interstate Recognition of Notarizations Act of 2010

Treaties

See also: List of United States treaties

• December 22, 2010: New START (111-5)

Select committees

• Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies
• Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming

Hearings

• January to April 2009: Senate held confirmation hearings for Barack Obama's cabinet.
• July 13–16, 2009: Senate Committee on the Judiciary held a hearing on Sonia Sotomayor's appointment to the United States Supreme Court.
• June 28–30, 2010: Senate Committee on the Judiciary held a hearing on Elena Kagan's appointment to the United States Supreme Court.

Impeachments

See also: Impeachment investigations of United States federal judges

• H.Res. 520: Judge Samuel B. Kent: impeached June 19, 2009; resigned June 30, 2009 before trial.
• H.Res. 1031: Judge Thomas Porteous: impeached March 11, 2010; convicted December 8, 2010.

Party summary

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section, below.

Senate

Party standings in the Senate
(February 4, 2010 – June 28, 2010; and
July 16, 2010 – November 29, 2010.
From June 28 - July 16, there was one vacancy due to the death of Senator Robert Byrd (D-WV) until the appointment of Senator Carte Goodwin (D-WV))

  57 Democrats

  2 Independents, caucusing with Democrats

  41 Republicans

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)			Total
	Democratic	Independent	Republican		Vacant
End of previous congress	48	2	49	99	1
Begin	55	2	41	98	2
January 15, 2009	56			99	1
January 20, 2009	55			98	2
January 26, 2009	56			99	1
April 30, 2009	57		40
July 7, 2009	58			100	0
August 25, 2009	57			99	1
September 9, 2009			39	98	2
September 10, 2009			40	99	1
September 25, 2009	58			100	0
February 4, 2010	57		41
June 28, 2010	56			99	1
July 16, 2010	57			100	0
November 29, 2010	56		42
Final voting share	58%		42%
Beginning of the next Congress	51	2	47	100	0

House of Representatives

Final party distribution in the House of Representatives

  Democratic Party: 255 members.

  Republican Party: 179 members.

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)		Total
	Democratic	Republican		Vacant
End of previous congress	235	198	433	2
Begin	256	178	434	1
January 26, 2009	255		433	2
February 24, 2009	254		432	3
March 31, 2009	255		433	2
April 7, 2009	256		434	1
June 26, 2009	255		433	2
July 14, 2009	256		434	1
September 21, 2009		177	433	2
November 3, 2009	258		435	0
December 22, 2009	257	178
January 3, 2010	256		434	1
February 8, 2010	255		433	2
February 28, 2010	254		432	3
March 8, 2010	253		431	4
March 21, 2010		177	430	5
April 13, 2010	254		431	4
May 18, 2010	255		432	3
May 21, 2010		176	431	4
May 22, 2010		177	432	3
June 8, 2010		178	433	2
November 2, 2010		180	435	0
November 29, 2010		179	434	1
Final voting share	58.8%	41.2%
Non-voting members	6	0	6	0
Beginning of next Congress	193	242	435	0

Leadership

[ Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R) ]

Senate

Senate President (until January 20, 2009) Dick Cheney (R)		Senate President (from January 20, 2009) Joe Biden (D)

Senate President pro tempore (until June 28, 2010) Robert Byrd (D)		Senate President pro tempore (from June 28, 2010) Daniel Inouye (D)

• President
  • Dick Cheney (R), until January 20, 2009
  • Joe Biden (D), from January 20, 2009
• President pro tempore
  • Robert Byrd (D), until June 28, 2010
  • Daniel Inouye (D), from June 28, 2010^[1]

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader and Conference Chairman:^[9] Harry Reid
• Assistant Majority Leader (Majority Whip): Richard Durbin
• Conference Vice Chairman: Charles Schumer
• Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairman: Bob Menendez
• Conference Secretary: Patty Murray
• Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan
• Steering and Outreach Committee Chair: Debbie Stabenow
• Committee Outreach Chair: Jeff Bingaman
• Rural Outreach Chair: Blanche Lincoln
• Chief Deputy Whip: Barbara Boxer
• Deputy Whips: Tom Carper, Bill Nelson, and Russ Feingold

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell
• Assistant Minority Leader (Minority Whip): Jon Kyl
• Counselor to the Minority Leader: Bob Bennett
• Conference Chairman: Lamar Alexander
• Conference Vice Chair
  • Lisa Murkowski,^[10] until September 17, 2010^[11]
  • John Barrasso, from September 22, 2010^[12]
• Policy Committee Chairman
  • John Ensign, until June 17, 2009
  • John Thune, from June 25, 2009^[10]
• National Senatorial Committee Chair: John Cornyn

House of Representatives

House Speaker
Nancy Pelosi (D)

• Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D)
• Assistant to the Speaker: Chris Van Hollen (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer
• Majority Whip: Jim Clyburn
• Senior Chief Deputy Majority Whip: John Lewis
• Chief Deputy Majority Whips: Maxine Waters, John S. Tanner, Ed Pastor, Jan Schakowsky, Joseph Crowley, Diana DeGette, G.K. Butterfield, Debbie Wasserman Schultz
• Caucus Chairman: John B. Larson
• Caucus Vice-Chairman: Xavier Becerra
• Campaign Committee Chairman: Chris Van Hollen
• Steering/Policy Committee Co-Chairs: George Miller and Rosa DeLauro
• Organization, Study, and Review Chairman: Michael Capuano

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: John Boehner
• Minority Whip: Eric Cantor
• Chief Deputy Whip: Kevin McCarthy
• Conference Chair: Mike Pence
• Conference Vice-Chair: Cathy McMorris-Rodgers
• Conference Secretary: John Carter
• Policy Committee Chairman: Thaddeus McCotter
• Campaign Committee Chairman: Pete Sessions

Members

• Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Alabama 3. Richard Shelby (R) 2. Jeff Sessions (R) Alaska 3. Lisa Murkowski (R) 2. Mark Begich (D) Arizona 3. John McCain (R) 1. Jon Kyl (R) Arkansas 3. Blanche Lincoln (D) 2. Mark Pryor (D) California 1. Dianne Feinstein (D) 3. Barbara Boxer (D) Colorado 3. Ken Salazar (D), until January 20, 2009 Michael Bennet (D), from January 21, 2009 2. Mark Udall (D) Connecticut 3. Christopher Dodd (D) 1. Joe Lieberman (ID) Delaware 2. Joe Biden (D), until January 15, 2009 Ted Kaufman (D), January 16, 2009 – November 15, 2010 Chris Coons (D), from November 15, 2010 1. Tom Carper (D) Florida 1. Bill Nelson (D) 3. Mel Martinez (R), until September 9, 2009 George LeMieux (R), from September 10, 2009 Georgia 2. Saxby Chambliss (R) 3. Johnny Isakson (R) Hawaii 3. Daniel Inouye (D) 1. Daniel Akaka (D) Idaho 3. Mike Crapo (R) 2. Jim Risch (R) Illinois 2. Richard Durbin (D) 3. Roland Burris (D), from January 15, 2009  – November 29, 2010[13] Mark Kirk (R), from November 29, 2010 Indiana 1. Richard Lugar (R) 3. Evan Bayh (D) Iowa 3. Chuck Grassley (R) 2. Tom Harkin (D) Kansas 3. Sam Brownback (R) 2. Pat Roberts (R) Kentucky 2. Mitch McConnell (R) 3. Jim Bunning (R) Louisiana 2. Mary Landrieu (D) 3. David Vitter (R) Maine 1. Olympia Snowe (R) 2. Susan Collins (R) Maryland 3. Barbara Mikulski (D) 1. Ben Cardin (D) Massachusetts 1. Edward M. Kennedy (D), until August 25, 2009 Paul G. Kirk (D), September 24, 2009 – February 4, 2010 Scott Brown (R), from February 4, 2010 2. John Kerry (D) Michigan 2. Carl Levin (D) 1. Debbie Stabenow (D) Minnesota 1. Amy Klobuchar (D) 2. Al Franken (D), from July 7, 2009[14] Mississippi 2. Thad Cochran (R) 1. Roger Wicker (R) Missouri 3. Kit Bond (R) 1. Claire McCaskill (D)

Montana 2. Max Baucus (D) 1. Jon Tester (D) Nebraska 1. Ben Nelson (D) 2. Mike Johanns (R) Nevada 3. Harry Reid (D) 1. John Ensign (R) New Hampshire 3. Judd Gregg (R) 2. Jeanne Shaheen (D) New Jersey 2. Frank Lautenberg (D) 1. Bob Menendez (D) New Mexico 1. Jeff Bingaman (D) 2. Tom Udall (D) New York 3. Chuck Schumer (D) 1. Hillary Rodham Clinton (D), until January 21, 2009 Kirsten Gillibrand (D), from January 26, 2009 North Carolina 3. Richard Burr (R) 2. Kay Hagan (D) North Dakota 1. Kent Conrad (D) 3. Byron Dorgan (D) Ohio 3. George Voinovich (R) 1. Sherrod Brown (D) Oklahoma 2. Jim Inhofe (R) 3. Tom Coburn (R) Oregon 3. Ron Wyden (D) 2. Jeff Merkley (D) Pennsylvania 3. Arlen Specter (R) until April 29, 2009, then (D)[15] 1. Bob Casey (D) Rhode Island 2. Jack Reed (D) 1. Sheldon Whitehouse (D) South Carolina 2. Lindsey Graham (R) 3. Jim DeMint (R) South Dakota 2. Tim Johnson (D) 3. John Thune (R) Tennessee 2. Lamar Alexander (R) 1. Bob Corker (R) Texas 1. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) 2. John Cornyn (R) Utah 1. Orrin Hatch (R) 3. Bob Bennett (R) Vermont 3. Patrick Leahy (D) 1. Bernie Sanders (I) Virginia 1. Jim Webb (D) 2. Mark Warner (D) Washington 3. Patty Murray (D) 1. Maria Cantwell (D) West Virginia 1. Robert Byrd (D), until June 28, 2010 Carte Goodwin (D), July 16, 2010 – November 15, 2010[16] Joe Manchin (D), from November 15, 2010 2. Jay Rockefeller (D) Wisconsin 1. Herb Kohl (D) 3. Russ Feingold (D) Wyoming 2. Michael Enzi (R) 1. John Barrasso (R)

Senators' party membership by state for 2010, post-February 4th (Massachusetts special election); final party composition before the 2010 mid-term elections   2 Democrats   1 Democrat and 1 Republican   2 Republicans   1 Independent and 1 Democrat Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D) Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R) Senate Majority Whip Dick Durbin (D) Senate Minority Whip Jon Kyl (R)

House of Representatives

For maps of congressional districts, see List of United States congressional districts.

Section contents: Alabama — Alaska — Arizona —Arkansas — California — Colorado — Connecticut — Delaware — Florida — Georgia — Hawaii — Idaho — Illinois — Indiana — Iowa — Kansas — Kentucky — Louisiana — Maine — Maryland — Massachusetts — Michigan — Minnesota — Mississippi — Missouri — Montana — Nebraska — Nevada — New Hampshire — New Jersey — New Mexico — New York — North Carolina — North Dakota — Ohio — Oklahoma — Oregon — Pennsylvania — Rhode Island — South Carolina — South Dakota — Tennessee — Texas — Utah — Vermont — Virginia — Washington — West Virginia — Wisconsin — Wyoming — Non-voting members

Alabama (3 Democrats, 4 Republicans; then 2 Democrats, 5 Republicans) 1. Jo Bonner (R) 2. Bobby Bright (D) 3. Mike Rogers (R) 4. Robert Aderholt (R) 5. Parker Griffith (D then R)[17] 6. Spencer Bachus (R) 7. Artur Davis (D) Alaska (1 Republican) At-large. Don Young (R) Arizona (5 Democrats, 3 Republicans) 1. Ann Kirkpatrick (D) 2. Trent Franks (R) 3. John Shadegg (R) 4. Ed Pastor (D) 5. Harry Mitchell (D) 6. Jeff Flake (R) 7. Raul Grijalva (D) 8. Gabrielle Giffords (D) Arkansas (3 Democrats, 1 Republican) 1. Marion Berry (D) 2. Vic Snyder (D) 3. John Boozman (R) 4. Mike Ross (D) California (34 Democrats, 19 Republicans) 1. Mike Thompson (D) 2. Wally Herger (R) 3. Dan Lungren (R) 4. Tom McClintock (R) 5. Doris Matsui (D) 6. Lynn Woolsey (D) 7. George Miller (D) 8. Nancy Pelosi (D) 9. Barbara Lee (D) 10. Ellen Tauscher (D), until June 26, 2009 John Garamendi (D), from November 3, 2009 11. Jerry McNerney (D) 12. Jackie Speier (D) 13. Pete Stark (D) 14. Anna Eshoo (D) 15. Mike Honda (D) 16. Zoe Lofgren (D) 17. Sam Farr (D) 18. Dennis Cardoza (D) 19. George Radanovich (R) 20. Jim Costa (D) 21. Devin Nunes (R) 22. Kevin McCarthy (R) 23. Lois Capps (D) 24. Elton Gallegly (R) 25. Howard McKeon (R) 26. David Dreier (R) 27. Brad Sherman (D) 28. Howard Berman (D) 29. Adam Schiff (D) 30. Henry Waxman (D) 31. Xavier Becerra (D) 32. Hilda Solis (D), until February 24, 2009 Judy Chu (D), from July 14, 2009 33. Diane Watson (D) 34. Lucille Roybal-Allard (D) 35. Maxine Waters (D) 36. Jane Harman (D) 37. Laura Richardson (D) 38. Grace Napolitano (D) 39. Linda Sanchez (D) 40. Ed Royce (R) 41. Jerry Lewis (R) 42. Gary Miller (R) 43. Joe Baca (D) 44. Ken Calvert (R) 45. Mary Bono Mack (R) 46. Dana Rohrabacher (R) 47. Loretta Sanchez (D) 48. John Campbell (R) 49. Darrell Issa (R) 50. Brian Bilbray (R) 51. Bob Filner (D) 52. Duncan Hunter (R) 53. Susan Davis (D) Colorado (5 Democrats, 2 Republicans) 1. Diana DeGette (D) 2. Jared Polis (D) 3. John Salazar (D) 4. Betsy Markey (D) 5. Doug Lamborn (R) 6. Mike Coffman (R) 7. Ed Perlmutter (D) Connecticut (5 Democrats) 1. John Larson (D) 2. Joe Courtney (D) 3. Rosa DeLauro (D) 4. Jim Himes (D) 5. Chris Murphy (D) Delaware (1 Republican) At-large. Michael Castle (R) Florida (10 Democrats, 15 Republicans) 1. Jeff Miller (R) 2. Allen Boyd (D) 3. Corrine Brown (D) 4. Ander Crenshaw (R) 5. Ginny Brown-Waite (R) 6. Cliff Stearns (R) 7. John Mica (R) 8. Alan Grayson (D) 9. Gus Bilirakis (R) 10. Bill Young (R) 11. Kathy Castor (D) 12. Adam Putnam (R) 13. Vern Buchanan (R) 14. Connie Mack (R) 15. Bill Posey (R) 16. Tom Rooney (R) 17. Kendrick Meek (D) 18. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R) 19. Robert Wexler (D), until January 3, 2010[18] Ted Deutch (D), from April 13, 2010 20. Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D) 21. Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R) 22. Ron Klein (D) 23. Alcee Hastings (D) 24. Suzanne Kosmas (D) 25. Mario Diaz-Balart (R) Georgia (6 Democrats, 7 Republicans) 1. Jack Kingston (R) 2. Sanford Bishop (D) 3. Lynn Westmoreland (R) 4. Hank Johnson (D) 5. John Lewis (D) 6. Tom Price (R) 7. John Linder (R) 8. Jim Marshall (D) 9. Nathan Deal (R), until March 21, 2010 Tom Graves (R), from June 8, 2010 10. Paul Broun (R) 11. Phil Gingrey (R) 12. John Barrow (D) 13. David Scott (D) Hawaii (1 Democrat, 1 Republican) 1. Neil Abercrombie (D), until February 28, 2010 Charles Djou (R), from May 22, 2010 2. Mazie Hirono (D) Idaho (1 Democrat, 1 Republican) 1. Walt Minnick (D) 2. Michael Simpson (R) Illinois (12 Democrats, 7 Republicans) 1. Bobby Rush (D) 2. Jesse Jackson (D) 3. Dan Lipinski (D) 4. Luis Gutierrez (D) 5. Michael Quigley (D), from April 7, 2009 6. Peter Roskam (R) 7. Danny Davis (D) 8. Melissa Bean (D) 9. Jan Schakowsky (D) 10. Mark Kirk (R), until November 29, 2010, vacant thereafter 11. Debbie Halvorson (D) 12. Jerry Costello (D) 13. Judy Biggert (R) 14. Bill Foster (D) 15. Tim Johnson (R) 16. Donald Manzullo (R) 17. Phil Hare (D) 18. Aaron Schock (R) 19. John Shimkus (R) Indiana (5 Democrats, 4 Republicans) 1. Pete Visclosky (D) 2. Joe Donnelly (D) 3. Mark Souder (R), until May 21, 2010 Marlin Stutzman (R), from November 2, 2010 4. Steve Buyer (R) 5. Dan Burton (R) 6. Mike Pence (R) 7. Andre Carson (D) 8. Brad Ellsworth (D) 9. Baron Hill (D) Iowa (3 Democrats, 2 Republicans) 1. Bruce Braley (D) 2. David Loebsack (D) 3. Leonard Boswell (D) 4. Tom Latham (R) 5. Steve King (R) Kansas (1 Democrat, 3 Republicans) 1. Jerry Moran (R) 2. Lynn Jenkins (R) 3. Dennis Moore (D) 4. Todd Tiahrt (R) Kentucky (2 Democrats, 4 Republicans) 1. Ed Whitfield (R) 2. Brett Guthrie (R) 3. John Yarmuth (D) 4. Geoff Davis (R) 5. Harold Rogers (R) 6. Ben Chandler (D) Louisiana (1 Democrat, 6 Republicans) 1. Steve Scalise (R) 2. Joseph Cao (R) 3. Charlie Melancon (D) 4. John Fleming (R) 5. Rodney Alexander (R) 6. Bill Cassidy (R) 7. Charles Boustany (R) Maine (2 Democrats) 1. Chellie Pingree (D) 2. Mike Michaud (D) Maryland (7 Democrats, 1 Republican) 1. Frank Kratovil (D) 2. Dutch Ruppersberger (D) 3. John Sarbanes (D) 4. Donna Edwards (D) 5. Steny Hoyer (D) 6. Roscoe Bartlett (R) 7. Elijah Cummings (D) 8. Chris Van Hollen (D) Massachusetts (10 Democrats) 1. John Olver (D) 2. Richard Neal (D) 3. Jim McGovern (D) 4. Barney Frank (D) 5. Niki Tsongas (D) 6. John Tierney (D) 7. Ed Markey (D) 8. Mike Capuano (D) 9. Stephen Lynch (D) 10. Bill Delahunt (D) Michigan (8 Democrats, 7 Republicans) 1. Bart Stupak (D) 2. Peter Hoekstra (R) 3. Vern Ehlers (R) 4. David Camp (R) 5. Dale Kildee (D) 6. Fred Upton (R) 7. Mark Schauer (D) 8. Mike Rogers (R) 9. Gary Peters (D) 10. Candice Miller (R) 11. Thaddeus McCotter (R) 12. Sander Levin (D) 13. Carolyn Cheeks (D) 14. John Conyers (D) 15. John Dingell (D) Minnesota (5 Democrats, 3 Republicans) 1. Tim Walz (DFL) 2. John Kline (R) 3. Erik Paulsen (R) 4. Betty McCollum (DFL) 5. Keith Ellison (DFL) 6. Michele Bachmann (R) 7. Collin Peterson (DFL) 8. Jim Oberstar (DFL) Mississippi (3 Democrats, 1 Republican) 1. Travis Childers (D) 2. Bennie Thompson (D) 3. Gregg Harper (R) 4. Gene Taylor (D)

Missouri (4 Democrats, 5 Republicans) 1. William Clay (D) 2. Todd Akin (R) 3. Russ Carnahan (D) 4. Ike Skelton (D) 5. Emanuel Cleaver (D) 6. Sam Graves (R) 7. Roy Blunt (R) 8. Jo Ann Emerson (R) 9. Blaine Luetkemeyer (R) Montana (1 Republican) At-large. Denny Rehberg (R) Nebraska (3 Republicans) 1. Jeff Fortenberry (R) 2. Lee Terry (R) 3. Adrian Smith (R) Nevada (2 Democrats, 1 Republican) 1. Shelley Berkley (D) 2. Dean Heller (R) 3. Dina Titus (D) New Hampshire (2 Democrats) 1. Carol Shea-Porter (D) 2. Paul Hodes (D) New Jersey (8 Democrats, 5 Republicans) 1. Rob Andrews (D) 2. Frank LoBiondo (R) 3. John Adler (D) 4. Chris Smith (R) 5. Scott Garrett (R) 6. Frank Pallone (D) 7. Leonard Lance (R) 8. Bill Pascrell (D) 9. Steve Rothman (D) 10. Donald Payne (D) 11. Rodney Frelinghuysen (R) 12. Rush Holt (D) 13. Albio Sires (D) New Mexico (3 Democrats) 1. Martin Heinrich (D) 2. Harry Teague (D) 3. Ben Lujan (D) New York (26 Democrats, 3 Republicans) 1. Tim Bishop (D) 2. Steve Israel (D) 3. Peter King (R) 4. Carolyn McCarthy (D) 5. Gary Ackerman (D) 6. Gregory Meeks (D) 7. Joseph Crowley (D) 8. Jerrold Nadler (D) 9. Anthony Weiner (D) 10. Ed Towns (D) 11. Yvette Clarke (D) 12. Nydia Velázquez (D) 13. Michael McMahon (D) 14. Carolyn Maloney (D) 15. Charles Rangel (D) 16. Jose Serrano (D) 17. Eliot L. Engel (D) 18. Nita Lowey (D) 19. John Hall (D) 20. Kirsten Gillibrand (D), until January 26, 2009 Scott Murphy (D), from April 29, 2009 21. Paul Tonko (D) 22. Maurice Hinchey (D) 23. John McHugh (R), until September 21, 2009 Bill Owens (D), from November 6, 2009 24. Mike Arcuri (D) 25. Dan Maffei (D) 26. Chris Lee (R) 27. Brian Higgins (D) 28. Louise Slaughter (D) 29. Eric Massa (D), until March 8, 2010 Tom Reed (R),from November 2,2010 North Carolina (8 Democrats, 5 Republicans) 1. G. K. Butterfield (D) 2. Bob Etheridge (D) 3. Walter Jones (R) 4. David Price (D) 5. Virginia Foxx (R) 6. Howard Coble (R) 7. Mike McIntyre (D) 8. Larry Kissell (D) 9. Sue Myrick (R) 10. Patrick McHenry (R) 11. Heath Shuler (D) 12. Mel Watt (D) 13. Brad Miller (D) North Dakota (1 Democrat) At-large. Earl Pomeroy (D) Ohio (10 Democrats, 8 Republicans) 1. Steve Driehaus (D) 2. Jean Schmidt (R) 3. Mike Turner (R) 4. Jim Jordan (R) 5. Bob Latta (R) 6. Charlie Wilson (D) 7. Steve Austria (R) 8. John Boehner (R) 9. Marcy Kaptur (D) 10. Dennis Kucinich (D) 11. Marcia Fudge (D) 12. Pat Tiberi (R) 13. Betty Sutton (D) 14. Steve LaTourette (R) 15. Mary Kilroy (D) 16. John Boccieri (D) 17. Tim Ryan (D) 18. Zack Space (D) Oklahoma (1 Democrat, 4 Republicans) 1. John Sullivan (R) 2. Dan Boren (D) 3. Frank Lucas (R) 4. Tom Cole (R) 5. Mary Fallin (R) Oregon (4 Democrats, 1 Republican) 1. David Wu (D) 2. Greg Walden (R) 3. Earl Blumenauer (D) 4. Peter DeFazio (D) 5. Kurt Schrader (D) Pennsylvania (12 Democrats, 7 Republicans) 1. Bob Brady (D) 2. Chaka Fattah (D) 3. Kathy Dahlkemper (D) 4. Jason Altmire (D) 5. Glenn Thompson (R) 6. Jim Gerlach (R) 7. Joe Sestak (D) 8. Patrick Murphy (D) 9. Bill Shuster (R) 10. Chris Carney (D) 11. Paul Kanjorski (D) 12. John Murtha (D), until February 8, 2010[19] Mark Critz (D), from May 18, 2010 13. Allyson Schwartz (D) 14. Michael Doyle (D) 15. Charlie Dent (R) 16. Joseph Pitts (R) 17. Tim Holden (D) 18. Tim Murphy (R) 19. Todd Platts (R) Rhode Island (2 Democrats) 1. Patrick Kennedy (D) 2. James Langevin (D) South Carolina (2 Democrats, 4 Republicans) 1. Henry Brown (R) 2. Joe Wilson (R) 3. Gresham Barrett (R) 4. Bob Inglis (R) 5. John Spratt (D) 6. Jim Clyburn (D) South Dakota (1 Democrat) At-large. Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (D) Tennessee (5 Democrats, 4 Republicans) 1. Phil Roe (R) 2. John Duncan (R) 3. Zach Wamp (R) 4. Lincoln Davis (D) 5. Jim Cooper (D) 6. Bart Gordon (D) 7. Marsha Blackburn (R) 8. John Tanner (D) 9. Steve Cohen (D) Texas (12 Democrats, 20 Republicans) 1. Louie Gohmert (R) 2. Ted Poe (R) 3. Sam Johnson (R) 4. Ralph Hall (R) 5. Jeb Hensarling (R) 6. Joe Barton (R) 7. John Culberson (R) 8. Kevin Brady (R) 9. Al Green (D) 10. Michael McCaul (R) 11. Mike Conaway (R) 12. Kay Granger (R) 13. Mac Thornberry (R) 14. Ron Paul (R) 15. Ruben Hinojosa (D) 16. Silvestre Reyes (D) 17. Chet Edwards (D) 18. Sheila Jackson Lee (D) 19. Randy Neugebauer (R) 20. Charlie Gonzalez (D) 21. Lamar Smith (R) 22. Pete Olson (R) 23. Ciro Rodriguez (D) 24. Kenny Marchant (R) 25. Lloyd Doggett (D) 26. Michael Burgess (R) 27. Solomon Ortiz (D) 28. Henry Cuellar (D) 29. Gene Green (D) 30. Bernice Johnson (D) 31. John Carter (R) 32. Pete Sessions (R) Utah (1 Democrat, 2 Republicans) 1. Rob Bishop (R) 2. Jim Matheson (D) 3. Jason Chaffetz (R) Vermont (1 Democrat) At-large. Peter Welch (D) Virginia (6 Democrats, 5 Republicans) 1. Rob Wittman (R) 2. Glenn Nye (D) 3. Bobby Scott (D) 4. Randy Forbes (R) 5. Tom Perriello (D) 6. Bob Goodlatte (R) 7. Eric Cantor (R) 8. Jim Moran (D) 9. Rick Boucher (D) 10. Frank Wolf (R) 11. Gerry Connolly (D) Washington (6 Democrats, 3 Republicans) 1. Jay Inslee (D) 2. Rick Larsen (D) 3. Brian Baird (D) 4. Doc Hastings (R) 5. Cathy Rodgers (R) 6. Norm Dicks (D) 7. Jim McDermott (D) 8. Dave Reichert (R) 9. Adam Smith (D) West Virginia (2 Democrats, 1 Republican) 1. Alan Mollohan (D) 2. Shelley Moore Capito (R) 3. Nick Rahall (D) Wisconsin (5 Democrats, 3 Republicans) 1. Paul Ryan (R) 2. Tammy Baldwin (D) 3. Ron Kind (D) 4. Gwen Moore (D) 5. Jim Sensenbrenner (R) 6. Tom Petri (R) 7. Dave Obey (D) 8. Steve Kagen (D) Wyoming (1 Republican) At-large. Cynthia Lummis (R) Non-voting members American Samoa. Eni Faleomavaega (D) District of Columbia. Eleanor Holmes Norton (D) Guam. Madeleine Bordallo (D) Northern Mariana Islands. Gregorio C. Sablan (I, then D)[20] Puerto Rico. Pedro Pierluisi (D and PNP) Virgin Islands. Donna Christian-Christensen (D)

Percentage of members from each party by state at the opening of the 111th Congress in January 2009, ranging from dark blue (most Democratic) to dark red (most Republican). Members' party membership by district, as of May 25, 2010   Democratic   Republican House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer (D) House Minority Leader John Boehner (R) House Majority Whip Jim Clyburn (D) House Minority Whip Eric Cantor (R)

Changes in membership

See also: Special elections to the 111th United States Congress

Senate

Funeral service for Senator Robert Byrd, who died June 28, 2010. He was the longest-serving senator and the longest-serving member in the history of Congress.^[21][22]

Four of the changes are associated with the 2008 presidential election and appointments to the Obama Administration, one senator changed parties, one election was disputed, two senators died, one senator resigned, and three appointed senators served only until special elections were held during this Congress.

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

State (class)	Former senator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's installation
Minnesota (2)	Disputed	Incumbent Norm Coleman (R) challenged the election of Al Franken (D). The results were disputed, and the seat remained vacant at the beginning of the Congress. Following recounts and litigation, Coleman conceded, and Franken was seated.	Al Franken (D)	July 7, 2009[23]
Illinois (3)	Vacant	Barack Obama (D) resigned near the end of the previous Congress, after being elected President of the United States.[24] His successor was appointed December 31, 2008, during the last Congress, but due to a credentials challenge, his credentials were not deemed "in order" until January 12, and he was not sworn in to fill his seat until 12 days after the initiation of this Congress.[25] The appointed successor filled the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.	Roland Burris[26] (D)	January 12, 2009[25]
Delaware (2)	Joe Biden (D)	Resigned January 15, 2009, to assume the position of Vice President.[27] The appointed successor held the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.	Ted Kaufman[28] (D)	January 16, 2009[29]
Colorado (3)	Ken Salazar (D)	Resigned January 20, 2009, to become Secretary of the Interior. The appointed successor held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends with this Congress.	Michael Bennet[30] (D)	January 21, 2009[31]
New York (1)	Hillary Clinton (D)	Resigned January 21, 2009, to become Secretary of State. The appointed successor held the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.	Kirsten Gillibrand[32] (D)	January 26, 2009
Pennsylvania (3)	Arlen Specter (R)	Changed party affiliation April 30, 2009.[15]	Arlen Specter (D)	April 30, 2009
Massachusetts (1)	Ted Kennedy (D)	Died August 25, 2009. The appointed successor held the seat until the elected successor took the seat.[33][34][35]	Paul G. Kirk (D)	September 25, 2009
Florida (3)	Mel Martinez (R)	Resigned September 9, 2009, for personal reasons.[36] The appointed successor held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends with this Congress.	George LeMieux (R)	September 10, 2009[37][38]
Massachusetts (1)	Paul G. Kirk (D)	Appointed February 4, 2010. The appointment lasted only until his elected successor was seated.[39] The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends January 3, 2013.	Scott Brown (R)[40]	February 4, 2010
West Virginia (1)	Robert Byrd (D)	Died June 28, 2010.[41] The appointed successor held the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.[42]	Carte Goodwin (D)[16]	July 16, 2010[43]
Delaware (2)	Ted Kaufman (D)	Appointed January 15, 2009. The appointment lasted only until the November 2, 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate.[44] The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends January 3, 2015.	Chris Coons (D)	November 15, 2010[45][46]
West Virginia (1)	Carte Goodwin (D)	Appointed November 15, 2010. The appointment lasted only until the November 2, 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate. The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends January 3, 2013.	Joe Manchin (D)	November 15, 2010[45][46]
Illinois (3)	Roland Burris (D)	Appointed November 29, 2010. The appointment lasted only until the November 2, 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate. The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ended with this Congress.	Mark Kirk (R)	November 29, 2010[45][46]

House of Representatives

Five changes are associated with appointments to the Obama Administration, four directly and one indirectly. Two representatives changed parties, one died, and five resigned. House vacancies are only filled by elections. State laws regulate when (and if) there will be special elections.

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's installation
Illinois 5th	Vacant	Rahm Emanuel (D) resigned near the end of the previous Congress after being named White House Chief of Staff. A special election was held April 7, 2009	Michael Quigley (D)	April 7, 2009
New York 20th	Kirsten Gillibrand (D)	Resigned January 26, 2009, when appointed to the Senate, replacing Hillary Clinton who became Secretary of State. A special election was held March 31, 2009.	Scott Murphy (D)	March 31, 2009
Northern Mariana Islands At-large	Gregorio Sablan (I)	Changed party affiliation February 23, 2009.[20] Previously an Independent who caucused with Democrats in House	Gregorio Sablan (D)	February 23, 2009
California 32nd	Hilda Solis (D)	Resigned February 24, 2009, to become Secretary of Labor. A special election was held July 14, 2009.	Judy Chu (D)	July 14, 2009
California 10th	Ellen Tauscher (D)	Resigned June 26, 2009, to become Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security. A special election was held November 3, 2009.	John Garamendi (D)[47]	November 3, 2009[48]
New York 23rd	John M. McHugh (R)	Resigned September 21, 2009, to become Secretary of the Army.[49] A special election was held November 3, 2009.	Bill Owens (D)[50]	November 3, 2009
Alabama 5th	Parker Griffith (D)	Changed party affiliation December 22, 2009.[51]	Parker Griffith (R)	December 22, 2009
Florida 19th	Robert Wexler (D)	Resigned January 3, 2010, to become president of the Center for Middle East Peace & Economic Cooperation.[52] A special election was held April 13, 2010.	Ted Deutch (D)	April 13, 2010
Pennsylvania 12th	John Murtha (D)	Died February 8, 2010. A special election was held May 18, 2010.	Mark Critz (D)	May 18, 2010
Hawaii 1st	Neil Abercrombie (D)	Resigned February 28, 2010,[53] to focus on run for Governor of Hawaii. A special election was held May 22, 2010.	Charles Djou (R)	May 22, 2010
New York 29th	Eric Massa (D)	Resigned March 8, 2010,[54] due to a recurrence of his cancer, as well as an ethics investigation. A special election was held contemporaneously with the November 2, 2010 general election.	Tom Reed (R)	November 2, 2010[55][46]
Georgia 9th	Nathan Deal (R)	Resigned March 21, 2010, to focus on run for Governor of Georgia. A special election runoff was held June 8, 2010.	Tom Graves (R)	June 8, 2010
Indiana 3rd	Mark Souder (R)	Resigned May 21, 2010, after an affair with a staff member was revealed.[56] A special election was held contemporaneously with the November 2, 2010 general election.[57]	Marlin Stutzman (R)	November 2, 2010[46]
Illinois 10th	Mark Kirk (R)	Resigned November 29, 2010, after being elected to the United States Senate in a special election	Vacant until the next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

Main article: List of United States Senate committees

Standing committees

Committee		Chairmen (Democrats and Independents)		Ranking members (Republicans)
	Subcommittee
Appropriations		Blanche Lincoln		Saxby Chambliss
	Domestic and Foreign Marketing, Inspection, and Plant and Animal Health		Kirsten Gillibrand		Mike Johanns
	Energy, Science and Technology		Michael Bennet		John Thune
	Hunger, Nutrition and Family Farms		Sherrod Brown		Richard Lugar
	Production, Income Protection and Price Support		Bob Casey		Pat Roberts
	Rural Revitalization, Conservation, Forestry and Credit		Debbie Stabenow		Mike Crapo
Appropriations		Daniel Inouye		Thad Cochran
	Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies		Herb Kohl		Sam Brownback
	Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies		Barbara Mikulski		Richard Shelby
	Defense		Daniel Inouye		Thad Cochran
	Energy and Water Development		Byron Dorgan		Bob Bennett
	Financial Services and General Government		Richard Durbin		Susan Collins
	Homeland Security		Frank Lautenberg		George Voinovich
	Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies		Dianne Feinstein		Lamar Alexander
	Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies		Tom Harkin		TBD
	Legislative Branch		Ben Nelson		Lisa Murkowski
	Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies		Tim Johnson		Kay Bailey Hutchison
	State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs		Patrick Leahy		Judd Gregg
	Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies		Patty Murray		Kit Bond
Armed Services		Carl Levin		John McCain
	Airland		Joe Lieberman		John Thune
	Emerging Threats and Capabilities		Bill Nelson		George LeMieux
	Personnel		Jim Webb		Lindsey Graham
	Readiness and Management Support		Evan Bayh		Richard Burr
	SeaPower		Jack Reed		Roger Wicker
	Strategic Forces		Ben Nelson		David Vitter
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs		Christopher Dodd		Richard Shelby
	Economic Policy		Sherrod Brown		Jim DeMint
	Financial Institutions		Tim Johnson		Mike Crapo
	Housing, Transportation, and Community Development		Robert Menendez		David Vitter
	Securities, Insurance, and Investment		Jack Reed		Jim Bunning
	Security and International Trade and Finance		Evan Bayh		Bob Corker
Budget		Kent Conrad		Judd Gregg
Commerce, Science and Transportation		Jay Rockefeller		Kay Bailey Hutchison
	Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security		Byron Dorgan		Jim DeMint
	Communications and Technology		John Kerry		John Ensign
	Competitiveness, Innovation, and Export Promotion		Amy Klobuchar		George LeMieux
	Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance		Mark Pryor		Roger Wicker
	Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard		Maria Cantwell		Olympia Snowe
	Science and Space		Bill Nelson		David Vitter
	Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security		Frank Lautenberg		John Thune
Energy and Natural Resources		Jeff Bingaman		Lisa Murkowski
	Energy		Maria Cantwell		Jim Risch
	National Parks		Mark Udall		Richard Burr
	Public Lands and Forests		Ron Wyden		John Barrasso
	Water and Power		Debbie Stabenow		Sam Brownback
Environment and Public Works		Barbara Boxer		Jim Inhofe
	Children’s Health		Amy Klobuchar		Lamar Alexander
	Clean Air and Nuclear Safety		Tom Carper		David Vitter
	Green Jobs and the New Economy		Bernie Sanders		Kit Bond
	Oversight		Sheldon Whitehouse		John Barrasso
	Superfund, Toxics and Environmental Health		Frank Lautenberg		Jim Inhofe
	Transportation and Infrastructure		Max Baucus		George Voinovich
	Water and Wildlife		Ben Cardin		Mike Crapo
Finance		Max Baucus		Charles Grassley
	Energy, Natural Resources, and Infrastructure		Jeff Bingaman		Jim Bunning
	Health Care		John D. Rockefeller IV		Orrin Hatch
	International Trade and Global Competitiveness		Ron Wyden		Mike Crapo
	Social Security, Pensions, and Family Policy		Blanche Lincoln		Pat Roberts
	Taxation, IRS Oversight, and Long-Term Growth		Kent Conrad		Jon Kyl
Foreign Relations		John Kerry		Richard Lugar
	African Affairs		Russ Feingold		Johnny Isakson
	East Asian and Pacific Affairs		Jim Webb		Jim Inhofe
	European Affairs		Jeanne Shaheen		Jim DeMint
	International Development and Foreign Assistance, Economic Affairs, and International Environmental Protection		Robert Menendez		Bob Corker
	International Operations and Organizations, Human Rights, Democracy and Global Women's Issues		Barbara Boxer		Roger Wicker
	Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs		Bob Casey		Jim Risch
	Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps and Narcotics Affairs		Chris Dodd		John Barrasso
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions		Tom Harkin		Mike Enzi
	Children and Families		Chris Dodd		Lamar Alexander
	Employment and Workplace Safety		Patty Murray		Johnny Isakson
	Retirement and Aging		Barbara Mikulski		Richard Burr
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs		Joe Lieberman		Susan Collins
	Contracting Oversight (Ad Hoc)		Claire McCaskill		Susan Collins (Acting)
	Disaster Recovery (Ad Hoc)		Mary Landrieu		Lindsey Graham
	Federal Financial Management, Government Information and International Security		Tom Carper		John McCain
	Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce and the District of Columbia		Daniel Akaka		George Voinovich
	Investigations (Permanent)		Carl Levin		Tom Coburn
	State, Local, and Private Sector Preparedness and Integration (Ad Hoc)		Mark Pryor		John Ensign
Judiciary		Patrick Leahy		Jeff Sessions
	Administrative Oversight and the Courts		Sheldon Whitehouse		Jeff Sessions
	Antitrust, Competition Policy and Consumer Rights		Herb Kohl		Orrin Hatch
	The Constitution		Russ Feingold		Tom Coburn
	Crime and Drugs		Arlen Specter		Lindsay Graham
	Human Rights and the Law		Dick Durbin		Tom Coburn
	Immigration, Refugees, and Border Security		Chuck Schumer		John Cornyn
	Terrorism and Homeland Security		Ben Cardin		Jon Kyl
Rules and Administration		Chuck Schumer		Bob Bennett
Small Business and Entrepreneurship		Mary Landrieu		Olympia Snowe
Veterans' Affairs		Daniel Akaka		Richard Burr

Special, select, and other committees

There are five non-standing, select, or special committees, which are treated similarly to standing committees, and one caucus that operates as a committee.

Committee	Chairmen (Democrats and Independents)	Vice Chairman (Republicans)
Indian Affairs[58]	Byron Dorgan	John Barrasso
Select Committee on Ethics	Barbara Boxer	Johnny Isakson
Select Committee on Intelligence	Dianne Feinstein	Kit Bond
Special Committee on Aging	Herb Kohl	Bob Corker
Caucus on International Narcotics Control[59]	Dianne Feinstein	Chuck Grassley (Co-chairman)
Impeachment Trial Committee on the Articles against Judge G. Thomas Porteous, Jr.	Claire McCaskill	Orrin Hatch

House of Representatives

Main article: List of United States House of Representatives committees

Standing committees

Committee		Chairmen (Democrats)		Ranking members (Republicans)
	Subcommittee
Agriculture		Collin C. Peterson		Frank Lucas
	Conservation, Credit, Energy, and Research		Tim Holden		Bob Goodlatte
	Department Operations, Oversight, Nutrition and Forestry		Joe Baca		Jeff Fortenberry
	General Farm Commodities and Risk Management		Leonard Boswell		Jerry Moran
	Horticulture and Organic Agriculture		Dennis Cardoza		Jean Schmidt
	Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry		David Scott		Randy Neugebauer
	Specialty Crops, Rural Development and Foreign Agriculture		Mike McIntyre		Mike Conaway
Appropriations		David Obey		Jerry Lewis
	Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies		Rosa DeLauro		Jack Kingston
	Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies		Alan Mollohan		Frank Wolf
	Defense		Norman Dicks		C.W. Bill Young
	Energy and Water Development		Pete Visclosky		Rodney Frelinghuysen
	Financial Services and General Government		José Serrano		Jo Ann Emerson
	Homeland Security		David E. Price		Hal Rogers
	Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies		Jim Moran		Mike Simpson
	Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies		David Obey		Todd Tiahrt
	Legislative Branch		Debbie Wasserman Schultz		Robert Aderholt
	Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies		Chet Edwards		Zach Wamp
	State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs		Nita Lowey		Kay Granger
	Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies		John Olver		Tom Latham
Armed Services		Ike Skelton		Buck McKeon
	Readiness		Solomon P. Ortiz		Randy Forbes
	Seapower and Expeditionary Forces		Gene Taylor		Todd Akin
	Air and Land Forces		Neil Abercrombie		Roscoe Bartlett
	Oversight and Investigations		Vic Snyder		Rob Wittman
	Military Personnel		Susan A. Davis		Joe Wilson
	Terrorism and Unconventional Threats		Adam Smith		Jeff Miller
	Strategic Forces		Jim Langevin		Mike Turner
Budget		John Spratt		Paul Ryan
Education and Labor		George Miller		John Kline
	Early Childhood, Elementary and Secondary Education		Dale Kildee		Michael N. Castle
	Healthy Families and Communities		Carolyn McCarthy		Todd Platts
	Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions		Robert E. Andrews		Tom Price
	Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness		Rubén Hinojosa		Brett Guthrie
	Workforce Protections		Lynn C. Woolsey		Cathy McMorris Rodgers
Energy and Commerce		Henry Waxman		Joe Barton
	Health		Frank Pallone		Nathan Deal
	Energy and Environment		Ed Markey		Fred Upton
	Commerce, Trade and Consumer Protection		Bobby Rush		George Radanovich
	Communications, Technology and the Internet		Rick Boucher		Cliff Stearns
	Oversight and Investigations		Bart Stupak		Greg Walden
Financial Services		Barney Frank		Spencer Bachus
	Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology		Mel Watt		Ron Paul
	Oversight and Investigations		Mel Watt		Judy Biggert
	International Monetary Policy and Trade		Gregory Meeks		Gary Miller
	Housing and Community Opportunity		Maxine Waters		Shelley Moore Capito
	Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit		Luis Gutierrez		Jeb Hensarling
	Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government-Sponsored Enterprises		Paul Kanjorski		Scott Garrett
Foreign Affairs		Howard Berman		Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
	Africa and Global Health		Donald M. Payne		Chris Smith
	Asia, the Pacific, and the Global Environment		Eni Faleomavaega		Donald A. Manzullo
	Europe		Robert Wexler		Elton Gallegly
	International Organizations, Human Rights, and Oversight		Bill Delahunt		Dana Rohrabacher
	Middle East and South Asia		Gary Ackerman		Mike Pence
	Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade		Brad Sherman		Ed Royce
	Western Hemisphere		Eliot L. Engel		Dan Burton
Homeland Security		Bennie Thompson		Peter T. King
	Border, Maritime and Global Counterterrorism		Loretta Sanchez		Mark Souder
	Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Response		Henry Cuellar		Charlie Dent
	Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology		James Langevin		Michael McCaul
	Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment		Jane Harman		Dave Reichert
	Management, Investigations, and Oversight		Chris Carney		Mike D. Rogers
	Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection		Sheila Jackson-Lee		Dan Lungren
House Administration		Bob Brady		Dan Lungren
	Capitol Security		Bob Brady		Dan Lungren
	Elections		Zoe Lofgren		Kevin McCarthy
Judiciary		John Conyers		Lamar S. Smith
	Commercial and Administrative Law		Linda T. Sánchez		Trent Franks
	Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties		Jerrold Nadler		James Sensenbrenner
	Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property		Howard Berman		Howard Coble
	Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security		Robert C. Scott		Louie Gohmert
	Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law		Zoe Lofgren		Steve King
Natural Resources		Nick Rahall		Doc Hastings
	Energy and Mineral Resources		Jim Costa		Doug Lamborn
	Insular Affairs, Oceans and Wildlife		Madeleine Bordallo		Henry Brown
	National Parks, Forests and Public Lands		Raúl Grijalva		Rob Bishop
	Water and Power		Grace Napolitano		Cathy McMorris Rodgers
Oversight and Government Reform		Edolphus Towns		Darrell Issa
	Domestic Policy		Dennis Kucinich		Jason Chaffetz
	Federal Workforce, Post Office, and District of Columbia		Stephen Lynch		Kenny Marchant
	Government Management, Organization, and Procurement		Diane Watson		Brian Bilbray
	Information Policy, Census, and National Archives		William Lacy Clay		Michael Turner
	National Security and Foreign Affairs		John F. Tierney		TBD
Rules		Louise Slaughter		David Dreier
	Legislative and Budget Process		Alcee Hastings		Lincoln Diaz-Balart
	Rules and the Organization of the House		Jim McGovern		Doc Hastings
Science and Technology		Bart Gordon		Ralph Hall
	Space and Aeronautics		Gabrielle Giffords		Pete Olson
	Technology and Innovation		David Wu		Adrian Smith
	Research and Science Education		Daniel Lipinski		Vern Ehlers
	Investigations and Oversight		Brad Miller		Paul Broun
	Energy and Environment		Brian Baird		Bob Inglis
Small Business		Nydia Velazquez		Sam Graves
	Finance and Tax		Melissa Bean		Dean Heller
	Contracting and Technology		Glenn Nye		Aaron Schock
	Rural and Urban Entrepreneurship		Heath Shuler		Jeff Fortenberry
	Regulations, Healthcare and Trade		Kathy Dahlkemper		Lynn Westmoreland
	Investigations and Oversight		Jason Altmire		Louie Gohmert
Standards of Official Conduct		Zoe Lofgren		Jo Bonner
Transportation and Infrastructure		James Oberstar		John Mica
	Aviation		Jerry Costello		Thomas Petri
	Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation		Elijah Cummings		Frank LoBiondo
	Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management		Eleanor Holmes Norton		Sam Graves
	Highways and Transit		Peter DeFazio		John J. Duncan, Jr.
	Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials		Corrine Brown		Bill Shuster
	Water Resources and Environment		Eddie Bernice Johnson		John Duncan, Jr.
Veterans' Affairs		Bob Filner		Steve Buyer
	Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs		John Hall		Doug Lamborn
	Economic Opportunity		Stephanie Herseth Sandlin		John Boozman
	Health		Michael Michaud		Jeff Miller
	Oversight and Investigations		Harry Mitchell		Ginny Brown-Waite
Ways and Means		Charles Rangel, until March 4, 2010 Sander Levin, from March 4, 2010 (acting)		Dave Camp
	Health		Pete Stark		Wally Herger
	Social Security		John S. Tanner		Sam Johnson
	Income Security and Family Support		Jim McDermott		John Linder
	Trade		Sander Levin		Kevin Brady
	Oversight		John Lewis		Charles Boustany
	Select Revenue Measures		Richard Neal		Pat Tiberi

Select committees

Committee		Chairmen (Democrats)		Ranking members (Republicans)
	Subcommittee
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence		Silvestre Reyes		Peter Hoekstra
	Terrorism/HUMINT, Analysis and Counterintelligence		Mike Thompson		Mike Rogers
	Technical and Tactical Intelligence		C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger		TBD
	Intelligence Community Management		Anna Eshoo		Darrell Issa
	Oversight and Investigations		Robert E. Cramer		Terry Everett
Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming[60][61]		Ed Markey		James Sensenbrenner

Joint appointments

Main article: List of United States congressional joint committees

Committee	Chairmen (Democrats)	Ranking members (Republicans)
Joint Economic Committee	Rep Carolyn Maloney	Sen. Sam Brownback
Joint Committee on the Library	Rep. Zoe Lofgren	Sen. Bob Bennett
Joint Committee on Printing	Rep. Robert A. Brady	Rep. Dan Lungren
Joint Committee on Taxation	Sen. Max Baucus	Sen. Chuck Grassley

Employees

• Architect of the Capitol: Stephen T. Ayers
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Brian Monahan

Senate

• Chaplain: Barry C. Black
• Curator: Diane K. Skvarla
• Historian: Richard A. Baker
• Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
• Secretary: Nancy Erickson
• Sergeant at Arms: Terrance W. Gainer
• Secretary for the Majority: Lula J. Davis
• Secretary for the Minority: David J. Schiappa

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin
• Chief Administrative Officer: Daniel P. Beard (until July 1, 2010)^[62]
  • Daniel Strodel (July 18 to end)^[63]
• Clerk: Lorraine Miller
• Historian: Robert Remini
• Parliamentarian: John V. Sullivan
• Reading Clerks: Jaime Zapata, Susan Cole
• Sergeant at Arms: Wilson “Bill” Livingood
• Inspector General: James J. Cornell^[64] (until January 2, 2010) ^[65]
  • Theresa M. Grafenstine (July 30, 2010 to end) ^[66]
• See also: Rules of the House: "Other officers and officials"

See also

Elections

• United States congressional elections, 2008 (elections held in advance of this Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 2008
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 2008
• United States congressional elections, 2010 (elections held during this Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 2010
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 2010

Membership lists

• Members of the 111th United States Congress
• List of freshman class members of the 111th United States Congress
• List of current United States Senators by age and generation
• List of current United States Senators by age
• List of current United States Representatives by age and generation
• House trade working group

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Hulse, Carl (June 28, 2010). "Inouye Sworn In as President Pro Tem". New York Times. http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/28/inouye-sworn-in-as-president-pro-tem. 
2. ^ H.Con.Res. 223
3. ^ Pub.L. 111-121
4. ^ H.Con.Res. 336
5. ^ Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-229
6. ^ "Certificate of Election". Office of the Minnesota Governor, via StarTribune.com. June 30, 2009. Archived from the original on July 20, 2009. http://stmedia.startribune.com/documents/Election+certificate.pdf?elr=KArks8c7PaP3E77K_3c::D3aDhUxWoW_oD:EaDUiacyKUUr. Retrieved July 1, 2009. 
7. ^ Mitch Jeserich (July 5, 2009). "Can The 60 Seats Give The Democrats a Filibuster Proof Senate?". NewsJunkiePost. http://newsjunkiepost.com/2009/07/05/can-the-60-seats-give-the-democrats-a-filibuster-proof-senate/. 
8. ^ See Pub.L. 110-430. Section 1 sets the beginning of the first session of the 111th Congress. Section 2 sets the date for counting Electoral College votes.
9. ^ The Democratic Senate Majority Leader also serves as the Chairman of the Democratic Conference.
10. ^ ^{a b} "Thune Elected Republican Policy Committee Chairman". Office of U.S. Senator John Thune. June 25, 2009. Archived from the original on August 05, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090805054017/http://thune.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=PressReleases.Detail&PressRelease_id=ae77697e-be0b-4801-8e3a-d4965d8282b7&Month=6&Year=2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009. 
11. ^ Toeplitz, Shira (September 18, 2010). "Lisa Murkowski quits GOP leadership". http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0910/42362.html. 
12. ^ "Murkowski Keeps Panel Job; Barrasso Elected Vice Chairman". Roll Call. September 22, 2010. http://www.rollcall.com/news/50115-1.html. Retrieved September 22, 2010. 
13. ^ Burris was appointed on December 31, 2008, during the 110th United States Congress. However, he was not allowed to take the oath until January 15, 2009, due to the controversy surrounding Gov. Rod Blagojevich, who appointed him.
14. ^ Al Franken was elected to the term beginning January 3, 2009, but did not take office until July 7, 2009, due to a recount and subsequent election challenge.
15. ^ ^{a b} Arlen Specter announced his switch from the Republican to the Democratic party on April 28, and it officially took effect on April 30. "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000709. 
16. ^ ^{a b} "Carte Goodwin to succeed Senator Byrd - for now". Christian Science Monitor. July 16, 2010. http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2010/0716/Carte-Goodwin-to-succeed-Senator-Byrd-for-now. Retrieved July 16, 2010. 
17. ^ "Officials: House Democrat will switch to GOP". December 22, 2009. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20091222/ap_on_go_co/us_congress_party_switch. 
18. ^ "Wexler Begins New Job With Washington Think Tank". WBPF.com. January 4, 2010. http://www.wpbf.com/politics/22118382/detail.html. 
19. ^ "Congressman John Murtha Passes Away at Age 77". Honorable John Murtha Congressional Website. February 8, 2010. Archived from the original on December 05, 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20101205065657/http://www.murtha.house.gov/. 
20. ^ ^{a b} Gregorio Sablan announced his switch from the Republican to the Democratic party on February 23, 2009. "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S001177. 
21. ^ Jonathan Allen (Msy 31, 2006). "Byrd poised to break Thurmond's record". The Hill. Archived from the original on June 14, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060614190120/http://www.thehill.com/thehill/export/TheHill/News/Frontpage/053106/news2.html. 
22. ^ Tom Cohen (18 November 2009). "West Virginia's Byrd becomes the longest-serving member of Congress". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/11/18/robert.byrd.congress.record/index.html. 
23. ^ Hulse, Carl (July 7, 2009). "And Here’s Senator Franken". NYTimes.com (New York Times). http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/07/07/and-heres-senator-franken/. Retrieved July 7, 2009. 
24. ^ The seat remained vacant until a successor was appointed. Mason, Jeff (January 27, 2009). "Obama resigns Senate seat, thanks Illinois". WashingtonPost.com (Washington Post). http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/16/AR2008111600753.html. Retrieved November 21, 2008. ^{[dead link]}
25. ^ ^{a b} Hulse, Carl (January 27, 2009). "Burris Is Sworn In". NYTimes.com (New York Times). http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/15/burris-is-sworn-in/. Retrieved January 15, 2009. 
26. ^ "Burris v. White, Illinois Supreme Court, No. 107816". January 9, 2009. http://www.state.il.us/court/OPINIONS/SupremeCourt/2009/January/107816.pdf. Retrieved January 27, 2009. 
27. ^ Mark Murray (January 9, 2009). "Biden to Resign from Senate Thursday". MSNBC. http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2009/01/09/1738560.aspx. 
28. ^ "Longtime Biden aide picked to fill his Senate seat". WJLA.com. November 24, 2008. http://www.wjla.com/news/stories/1108/572587.html. Retrieved December 30, 2008. 
29. ^ Kathleen Hunter and Catharine Richert, CQ Staff (January 14, 2009). "Illinois, Delaware Senators to Be Seated in First Round of Replacements". CQ Politics (Congressional Quarterly). http://www.cqpolitics.com/wmspage.cfm?parm1=5&docID=news-000003010505. 
30. ^ "Official Press Release from Governor Bill Ritter, Jr., Jan. 3, 2009, appointing Michael Bennet". Colorado.gov. January 3, 2009. http://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite?c=Page&cid=1230985756099&pagename=GovRitter%2FGOVRLayout. 
31. ^ "Ken Salazar sends Senate resignation". KJCT8.com. Associated Press. January 19, 2009. http://www.kjct8.com/Global/story.asp?S=9696407. Retrieved January 21, 2009. ^{[dead link]}
32. ^ Danny Hakim and Nicholas Confessore (January 23, 2009). "Paterson Picks Gillibrand for Senate Seat". NYTimes.com (New York Times). http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/24/nyregion/24senator.html. Retrieved September 29, 2009. 
33. ^ Phillips, Frank (August 31, 2009). "Panel to weigh Kennedy request for interim senator". Boston.com (Boston Globe). http://www.boston.com/news/local/breaking_news/2009/08/patrick_to_make.html. 
34. ^ Goddnough, Abby; Carl Hulse (September 23, 2009). "Kennedy Confidant Expected to Take Senate Seat". NYTimes.com (New York Times). http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/24/us/politics/24massachusetts.html. Retrieved September 23, 2009. 
35. ^ "House OKs Kennedy replacement, but not immediately". Boston.com. Associated Press (Boston Globe). September 23, 2009. http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/09/23/house_oks_kennedy_replacement_but_not_immediately. Retrieved September 29, 2009. ^{[dead link]}
36. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S9147
37. ^ "Crist Officially Names Former Aide As New Senator". CNNPolitics.com (CNN). August 28, 2009. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/08/28/crist-officially-names-former-aide-as-new-senator. 
38. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S9190
39. ^ "Paul Kirk to fill Kennedy's Senate seat". CNNPolitics.com (CNN). September 24, 2009. http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/09/24/kennedy.replacement. 
40. ^ "Scott Brown Wins Mass Special Election". CNN. January 19, 2010. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2010/01/19/scott-brown-wins-mass-special-election. 
41. ^ Clymer, Adam (June 28, 2010). "Robert Byrd, Respected Voice of the Senate, Dies at 92". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/29/us/politics/29byrd.html?hp. Retrieved June 28, 2010. 
42. ^ Manchin to announce plans Tuesday - Shira Toeplitz - POLITICO.com
43. ^ Goodwin was appointed July 16, 2010. He was sworn in on July 20, 2010, but his service began on July 16.
44. ^ Montgomery, Jeff (November 24, 2008). "Minner taps Kaufman for Biden's seat". DelawareOnLine.com (Delaware News-Journal). http://delawareonline.com/article/20081124/NEWS/81124041. Retrieved November 24, 2008. 
45. ^ ^{a b c} "Coons, Manchin to be sworn in next week; Kirk after Thanksgiving". MSNBC. November 8, 2010. http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2010/11/08/5430716-coons-manchin-to-be-sworn-in-next-week-kirk-after-thanksgiving. 
46. ^ ^{a b c d e} "5 election winners to be sworn in early". Associated Press. The Wall Street Journal. November 15, 2010. http://online.wsj.com/article/AP153d4968b76843e1938a56f2817c684c.html. Retrieved November 15, 2010. ^{[dead link]}
47. ^ Blake, Aaron (November 4, 2009). "Garamendi wins House seat in California special election". The Hill. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/66239-garamendi-wins-house-seat-in-california-special-election. Retrieved November 5, 2009. 
48. ^ "John Garamendi Wins in 10th Congressional District with Commanding Lead". California Chronicle. November 5, 2009. http://www.californiachronicle.com/articles/view/127151. Retrieved November 5, 2009. 
49. ^ Weiner, Mark (September 16, 2009). "Rep. John McHugh is confirmed as Secretary of the Army". Syracuse Post-Standard. syracuse.com. http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2009/09/rep_john_mchugh_is_confirmed_a.html. 
50. ^ Rudin, Ken (November 6, 2009). "Democrat Bill Owens Wins In NY 23". Political Junkie. NPR. http://www.npr.org/blogs/politicaljunkie/2009/11/democrat_bill_owens_wins_in_ny.html. Retrieved November 5, 2009. 
51. ^ Deirdre Walsh (December 22, 2009). "House Dem to switch to Republican Party". CNN. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/12/22/house-dem-to-switch-to-republican. 
52. ^ Man, Anthony (October 14, 2009). "Wexler makes it official: leaving Congress in January". Sun Sentinel. http://weblogs.sun-sentinel.com/news/politics/broward/blog/2009/10/wexler_makes_it_official_leavi_1.html. Retrieved November 5, 2009. 
53. ^ Josh Kraushaar. Abercrombie sets Feb. 28 date for resignation. January 4, 2010.
54. ^ Wilson, Reid; Sahd, Tim (March 5, 2010). "Massa To Resign". National Journal. http://hotlineoncall.nationaljournal.com/archives/2010/03/massa_to_resign.php. 
55. ^ "Reed Remains Hospitalized, Swearing-In Delayed". Roll Call. November 16, 2010. http://www.rollcall.com/news/-200618-1.html?pos=adp. 
56. ^ Cilizza, Chris; Burke, Aaron (May 18, 2010). "Mark Souder to resign after affair". Washington Post. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/thefix/house/mark-souder-to-resign.html. 
57. ^ Taylor, Jessica (May 28, 2010). "Daniels schedules Souder special". Politico 2010. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0510/37925.html. 
58. ^ The Indian Affairs Committee is not a standing committee, even though the name select was removed from its title in 1993 by S.Res. 71.[1]
59. ^ Although called a "caucus", it has the rank of committee.
60. ^ "The Gavel". March 8, 2007. http://www.speaker.gov/blog/?p=101. 
61. ^ Resolution (H.Res. 5) adopting the rules for the 111th Congress.
62. ^ http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2010/07/house-official-quits-after-tou.html
63. ^ http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/pelosi-names-daniel-j-strodel-as-interim-chief-administrative-officer-98528724.html
64. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page H24 (January 6, 2009)
65. ^ http://cha.house.gov/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=193&Itemid=315
66. ^ Congressional Record 11th Congress. http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?r111:1:./temp/~r111rvog2v::

External links

• H.Res. 1, Electing officers of the House of Representatives, 111th Congress
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• Thomas Project at the Library of Congress
• Member Information, via U.S. House of Representatives
• Statistics and Lists, via U.S. Senate
• Membership of the 111th Congress: A Profile, Congressional Research Service, December 31, 2008
• Congressional Directory: Main Page, Government Printing Office Online. Detailed listings of many aspects of current & previous memberships and sessions of Congress.
• Name Pronunciation Guide to the 111th U.S. Congress from inogolo.com