- Foreign relations of Montenegro
-
Montenegro 
This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
MontenegroConstitution- Parliament
- Speaker
Judiciary- Supreme Court
- Constitutional Court
Executive- Democratic Party of Socialists
(DPS) - Social Democratic Party (SDP)
- Movement for Changes (PzP)
- New Serb Democracy (NSD)
- Socialist People's Party (SNP)
- Democratic Union of Albanians
(DUA) - Democratic League in Montenegro
(DSCG) - FORCA
- Albanian Alternative (AA)
- Croatian Civic Initiative (HGI)
- Bosniak Party (BS)
DivisionsForeign relations- EU accession
- NATO accession
In a referendum on 21 May 2006, the people of Montenegro opted to leave the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. This was confirmed with a declaration of independence by the Montenegrin parliament on 3 June 2006. It simultaneously requested international recognition and outlined foreign policy goals.
As enumerated in the parliamentary declaration of 3 June 2006, Montenegro's near-term primary foreign policy objectives are integration into the European Union, membership in the United Nations, to which it was admitted on 28 June 2006[1] and in NATO.[2]
The European Council of Ministers recognized Montenegrin independence on 12 June 2006, as did the United States. Russia gave official recognition on 11 June.[3] The United Kingdom extended recognition on 13 June. The last two permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, France and the People's Republic of China recognised the government of Montenegro on 14 June.
On 30 November 2006, the Government adopted the Memorandum of Agreement between the Republic of Montenegro and the Republic of Serbia on Consular Protection and Services to the Citizens of Montenegro. By this agreement, Republic of Serbia, through its network of diplomatic and consular missions, provides consular services to the Montenegrin citizens on the territory of states in which Montenegro has no missions of its own. In October 2008, Montenegro recognized the independence of Kosovo.
Contents
Membership in international organizations
- On June 28, 2006, Montenegro was added to the American Radio Relay League's DXCC List as the 336th entry based on membership in the UN. [77]
- Montenegro acceded to the Geneva Conventions on August 2, 2006.[78]
- 382 is Montenegro's telephone country code [79]
- .me is a Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) that was assigned to Montenegro. It is likely to be created as the country code top-level domain for Montenegro, following the decision on 26 September 2006 by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency to allocate ME as the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for Montenegro.
States that have explicitly recognized Montenegro and/ or establishment of diplomatic relations
# Country Recognition of the Republic of Montenegro[4] Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Status of Diplomatic Mission in Montenegro Status of
Diplomatic
Mission
in the countryNotes 1 
Iceland8 June 2006 26 September 2006 2 
Switzerland9 June 2006 5 July 2006 Embassy 3 
Guinea-Bissau9 June 2006 29 June 2006 4 
Russia10 June 2006 26 June 2006 Embassy Embassy See Montenegro–Russia relations 5 
Bulgaria112 June 2006 2 August 2006 Embassy4, 11 December 2006 See Bulgaria–Montenegro relations 6 
Croatia12 June 2006 7 July 2006 Embassy, 12 January 2007
Consulate (Kotor)4Embassy, 10 May 2007 7 
Macedonia12 June 2006 14 June 2006 Embassy, 31 July 2006 Embassy See Macedonia – Montenegro relations 1 
European Union12 June 2006[5] 2006[6][7] Delegation, 1 November 2007[8][9] Mission, 2006[6][10] Accession of Montenegro to the European Union 8 
Estonia112 June 2006 13 June 2006 9 
Latvia112 June 2006 19 June 2006 10 
Austria112 June 2006 12 July 2006 Embassy, 12 July 2006
Consulate (Budva) 4Embassy 11 
Turkey12 June 2006 3 July 2006 Embassy Embassy 12 
Malta112 June 2006 19 July 2006 13 
Hungary112 June 2006 14 June 2006 Embassy, 12 July 2006 Embassy 14 
Czech Republic112 June 2006 15 June 2006 Consular Agency5 15 
United States12 June 2006 7 August 2006 Embassy
5 October 2006Embassy See Montenegro–United States relations 16 
United Kingdom113 June 2006 13 June 2006 Embassy Embassy 17 
Canada13 June 2006 5 September 2006 18 
Romania113 June 2006 9 August 2006 Embassy 19 
Slovakia113 June 2006 25 July 2006 20 
Greece113 June 2006 18 December 2006 Embassy Embassy See Greece–Montenegro relations 21 
Luxembourg113 June 2006 21 September 2006 22 
France113 June 2006 13 June 2006 Embassy Embassy 23 
Israel13 June 2006 12 July 2006 24 
Singapore14 June 2006 30 June 2006 25 
Sweden114 June 2006 26 June 2006 26 
People's Republic of China14 June 2006 6 July 2006 Embassy, 7 July 2006 Embassy 27 
Italy114 June 2006 14 June 2006 Embassy Embassy 28 
Armenia14 June 2006 7 November 2006 29 
Germany114 June 2006 14 June 2006 Embassy, 22 June 2006 Embassy See Germany–Montenegro relations 30 
Brazil14 June 2006 20 October 2006 31 
Denmark115 June 2006 15 June 2006 Consulate (Podgorica)4 See Denmark–Montenegro relations 32 
Serbia15 June 2006 22 June 2006 Embassy Embassy See Montenegro–Serbia relations Former Prime Minister of Montenegro, Milo Djukanovic Djukanovic Critical of Podgorica-Belgrade Relations. Milo Djukanovic, president of Montenegro’s ruling Democratic Party of Socialists, has insisted that current relations between Montenegro and Serbia are significantly weaker than they should and could be, local media report. Djuaknovic, a former Montenegrin PM and president, believes that the reason for the poor bilateral relations is that Belgrade has still not completely accepted Montenegro’s independence. Speaking to Belgrade-based television channel Kosava, Djukanovic claimed that the Serbian government is constantly flirting with powerful ideological centres in the country that do not look favourably upon the notion of Montenegrin independence. Turning to domestic affairs, Djukanovic accused a section of the Montenegrin media of leading a campaign against him. “I open a newspaper and see a column of an opinionated editor, journalist or self-proclaimed member of Montenegro’s intellectual elite, who blithely impose assessments of anything and everything. I think it would be kind of masochistic to read it,” Djukanovic said, confirming that he has no desire whatsoever to read half-page articles illustrated with his picture.[11] 33 
Japan16 June 2006 24 July 2006 34 
Norway16 June 2006 21 June 2006 35 
Spain116 June 2006 12 December 2006 36 
Cyprus116 June 2006 12 March 2007 37 
Netherlands116 June 2006 8 September 2006 38 
Andorra16 June 2006 28 July 2006 39 
Bahrain18 June 2006 25 September 2009 40 
Mexico19 June 2006 5 June 2007 41 
Portugal119 June 2006 17 May 2007 42 
Ukraine19 June 2006 22 August 2006 See Montenegro–Ukraine relations 43 
Democratic Republic of the Congo19 June 2006 22 September 2010 44 
Holy See/Vatican City19 June 2006 16 December 2006 Embassy 45 
Algeria20 June 2006 24 September 2007 46 
Slovenia120 June 2006 21 June 2006 Embassy, 23 June 2006 Embassy See Montenegro–Slovenia relations 47 
Ireland120 June 2006 20 June 2006 48 
Tajikistan20 June 2006 23 August 2006 49 
Poland120 June 2006 14 August 2006 Embassy 50 
Bosnia and Herzegovina21 June 2006 14 September 2006 Embassy Embassy 51 
South Korea21 June 2006 4 September 2006 52 
Liechtenstein21 June 2006 26 March 2007 53 
Moldova21 June 2006 9 March 2007 54 
Belarus21 June 2006 8 August 2006 55 
North Korea21 June 2006 16 August 2007 56 
Lithuania122 June 2006 18 July 2006 57 
Libya22 June 2006 9 February 2011[12] 58 
Belgium123 June 2006 25 July 2006 Mission (Brussels)4 59 
Argentina23 June 2006 13 September 2006 60 
San Marino23 June 2006 29 March 2007 61 
Australia27 June 2006 1 September 2006 62 
Chile27 June 2006 24 July 2006 63 
Vietnam28 June 2006 4 August 2006 64 
Samoa28 June 2006 28 January 2011 65 
Finland129 June 2006 12 July 2006 66 
Cambodia29 June 2006 12 October 2009 67 
Morocco30 June 2006 8 September 2009 68 
Pakistan30 June 2006 23 October 2006 6 
Sovereign Military Order of Malta30 June 2006 5 September 2006 Embassy 69 
Peru3 July 2006 12 September 2006 70 
Cuba5 July 2006 20 October 2006 71 
South Africa6 July 2006 11 October 2006 72 
Iran7 July 2006 28 July 2006 73 
Albania12 July 2006 1 August 2006 Embassy Embassy 74 
Seychelles13 July 2006 19 May 2010 75 
New Zealand17 July 2006 17 July 2006 76 
Tunisia20 July 2006 7 March 2007 77 
Sudan20 July 2006 31 October 2006 78 
Indonesia24 July 2006 21 September 2011[13] 79 
Azerbaijan24 July 2006 24 April 2008 8 
State of Palestine24 July 2006 1 August 2006 80 
Kazakhstan25 July 2006 16 January 2007 81 
Turkmenistan25 July 2006 December 2008 82 
Malaysia25 July 2006 17 August 2006 83 
India2 August 2006 2 August 2006 Honorary Consulate-General34 84 
Laos10 August 2006 4 February 2010 85 
Afghanistan10 August 2006 21 September 2010 86 
Thailand16 August 2006 6 June 2007 87 
Brunei19 August 2006 19 January 2010 88 
Iraq23 August 2006 30 December 2010[14] 89 
SyriaAugust 2006 30 October 2008 90 
Panama25 August 2006 9 May 2008 91 
Suriname1 September 2006 14 May 2010 92 
Qatar26 September 2006 16 November 2006 93 
Guatemala27 September 2006 27 September 2006 94 
Egypt27 September 2006 27 September 2006 95 
Guinea4 October 2006 17 November 2006 96 
Oman6 October 2006 11 April 2007 97 
Myanmar10 October 2006 27 November 2006 98 
Mongolia30 November 2006 30 November 2006 99 
Uzbekistan19 December 2006 19 December 2006 100 
Bangladesh2 March 2007 2 March 2007 101 
Costa Rica24 May 2007 24 May 2007 102 
Paraguay5 June 2007 5 June 2007 103 
Namibia6 September 2007 16 November 2009 104 
Monaco17 October 2007 17 October 2007 105 
Georgia29 October 2007 29 October 2007 106 
Eritrea18 March 2008 18 March 2008 107 
United Arab Emirates4 April 2008 4 April 2008 Embassy Embassy 8 
Kosovo79 October 2008 15 January 2010 108 
Uruguay1 December 2008 25 February 2009 109 
Lebanon4 December 2008 4 December 2008 110 
Dominican Republic10 March 2009 10 March 2009 111 
Kyrgyzstan24 June 2009 24 June 2009 112 
Togo10 September 2009 113 
Ecuador26 September 2009 26 September 2009 114 
Philippines26 September 2009 26 September 2009 115 
Nicaragua26 September 2009 26 September 2009 116 
Colombia30 September 2009 12 August 2011[15] 117 
Maldives11 October 2009 26 November 2009 118 
Mozambique17 November 2009 27 May 2010 119 
Angola21 December 2009 21 December 2009 120 
Mauritania21 December 2009 21 December 2009 121 
Jordan19 May 2010 19 May 2010 122 
Fiji15 June 2010 15 June 2010 123 
Zambia29 June 2010 29 June 2010 124 
Honduras8 July 2010 8 July 2010 125 
Botswana16 July 2010 16 July 2010 126 
Kuwait27 July 2010 27 July 2010 127 
Senegal22 September 2010 22 September 2010 128 
Saint Lucia25 September 2010 25 September 2010 129 
Timor-Leste25 September 2010 25 September 2010 130 
Bolivia18 October 2010 18 October 2010 131 
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[16]8 November 2010 8 November 2010 132 
Jamaica12 November 2010 12 November 2010 133 
Zimbabwe22 November 2010 22 November 2010 134 
Cape Verde[17]17 December 2010 17 December 2010 135 
Solomon Islands[18]23 December 2010 23 December 2010 136 
Nauru[19]25 January 2011 25 January 2011 137 
Republic of the Congo1 February 2011 1 February 2011 138 
Comoros9 February 2011 9 February 2011 139 
Dominica25 February 2011 25 February 2011 140 
Sri Lanka4 April 2011 4 April 2011 141 
Antigua and Barbuda11 April 2011 11 April 2011 142 
Trinidad and Tobago15 April 2011 15 April 2011 143 
Tuvalu4 May 2011 4 May 2011 144 
Ethiopia10 June 2011 10 June 2011 145 
Uganda14 July 2011 14 July 2011 146 
Nepal18 July 2011 18 July 2011 147 
Benin15 September 2011 15 September 2011 148 
Saudi Arabia16 September 2011 16 September 2011 149 
Malawi16 September 2011 16 September 2011 150 
Guyana19 September 2011 19 September 2011 151 
Kenya6 October 2011 6 October 2011 152 
Djibouti6 October 2011 6 October 2011 
Foreign relation of Montenegro
recognition and diplomatic relationsrecognitionNotes: ^Note 1 : EU member state.
^Note 2 : Despite the official recognition by European Union's foreign ministers, every member state had to recognise Montenegro individually, as well.
^Note 3 : Embassy Branch Office of a Belgrade resident embassy that is currently formally accredited to Montenegro. (established during the former Union State of Serbia and Montenegro).
^Note 4 : Consulate-General situated in Podgorica (unless otherwise noted). Some are honorary missions without diplomatic status.
^Note 5 : Pre-2006, as part of Serbia & Montenegro.
^Note 6 : Post-independence, consulate opened after gaining independence.
^Note 7 : Not an independent sovereign state, but a sovereign non-state entity.
^Note 8 : Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Serbia and the self-proclaimed Republic of Kosovo. The latter declared independence on 17 February 2008, while Serbia claims it as part of its own sovereign territory. Its independence is recognised by 85 UN member states. . First date is for the recognition of Kosovo by Montenegro.
^Note 9 : A state with limited recognition.Official sources, where available, are listed first, followed by news sources.
Montenegro is recognized by 152 states ( including the Holy See, excluding Kosovo and Palestine), the Order of Malta and the European Union.
Montenegro has no diplomatic relations with the following states:
- Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, El Salvador, Grenada, Haiti, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Venezuela,
- Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Swaziland, Tanzania,
- Bhutan, Yemen
- Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Vanuatu
- Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Somaliland, South Ossetia, Republic of China (Taiwan), Transnistria
Montenegro-United States of America relations
Embassy of Montenegro in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C.The United States of America recognized the Republic of Montenegro on June 12, 2006, being among the first states to do so. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on August 15.
Relations between the two sides have rapidly developed since the establishment of diplomatic ties. On August 28, six U.S. Senators, John McCain (R-AZ), Saxby Chambliss (R-GA), Mel Martinez (R-FL), Lindsey Graham (R-SC), Richard Burr (R-NC) and John E. Sununu (R-NH), made an official visit to Montenegro. Their activities included a meeting with President Vujanovic and with the speaker of the Montenegrin parliament.[20]
Soon after the congressional visit, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld paid an official visit to Montenegro, seeking support for the War on Terror and overall American geopolitical goals in Europe.[21] Following the Secretary's meeting with Montenegrin Prime Minister Milo Đukanović, it was announced that Montenegro had agreed in principle to aid the US efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan, although no specific pledges of aid were made.[22] For his part, Secretary Rumsfeld stated that the United States supported Montenegro's desire to join NATO and would also assist in its acquiring membership in the Partnership for Peace programme.
Bilateral relations turned a new page on October 5 when the United States opened an embassy in Podgorica at a ceremony attended by Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Rosemary DiCarlo, Montenegrin Foreign Minister Miodrag Vlahović, Mayor Miomir Mugoša and US Charge d'affaires Arlene Ferrill. Roderick W. Moore, the first-ever Ambassador of the United States of America to the Republic of Montenegro, presented his credentials to Montenegrin President Vujanovic on September 19, 2007.
Montenegro currently maintains an embassy in Washington, D.C. and a consulate in New York City.
Montenegro-Canada relations
Canadian Foreign Minister Peter MacKay wrote to Foreign Minister Miodrag Vlahović extending diplomatic recognition and agreeing to hold discussions on the establishment of diplomatic relations, which occurred later in 2007[23].
The Canadian Embassy in Belgrade is accredited to Montenegro.[23] There is currently no resident Montenegrin mission or representative in Canada.
Montenegro-Malaysia relations
Citizens of Montenegro, Serbia and Israel were not allowed to participate in Malaysia My Second Home programme.[24] But in August 2008 this was revoked and now only citizens of Israel are forbidden to participate in the Malaysia My Second Home programme.
See also
- Foreign relations of Serbia and Montenegro
- List of Ambassadors from Montenegro
- List of diplomatic missions in Montenegro
- List of diplomatic missions of Montenegro
External links
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Montenegro
- Embassies and consulates in and of Montenegro
- Embassy of the United States of America in Podgorica
- The Njegoskij Fund Network: Foreign Representations in Montenegro
- The Njegoskij Fund Network: Montenegrin Representations Abroad
- The Njegoskij Fund Network: Today's Montenegro: Diplomacy
References
- ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060628/wl_nm/montenegro_un_dc_2
- ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060604/ap_on_re_eu/montenegro_independence_4
- ^ JTW News - Kacin: EU will recognize Montenegro on June 12
- ^ http://www.mip.gov.me/en/index.php/Bilateral/dates-of-recognition-and-establishment-of-diplomatic-relations.html/
- ^ European Council decision
- ^ a b Delegation of the European Union to Montenegro: "Diplomatic relations between Montenegro and the European Communities are conducted through the Montengrin Mission to the EU in Brussels, which has been fully functional since 2006, and the EU Delegation to Montenegro in Podgorica, which has been open since November 2007."
- ^ Order of Precedence of Heads of Mission
- ^ Montenegro - EU Montenegro relations: "The European Commission Delegation in Podgorica starts to function."
- ^ Delegation of the European Commission in Podgorica
- ^ Permanent Mission of Montenegro to the European Union
- ^ [1]
- ^ Establishment of diplomatic relations between Montenegro and Libya
- ^ Establishiment of diplomatic relations between Montenegro and Indonesia
- ^ Establishiment of diplomatic relations between Montenegro and Iraq
- ^ establece relaciones diplomáticas con Montenegro in Spanish only)
- ^ Press release: Establishment of diplomatic relations between Montenegro and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- ^ Establishment of diplomatic relations between Montenegro and Cape Verde
- ^ Montenegro established diplomatic relations at an ambassadorial level with three more States, Iraq, Solomon Islands and Cape Verde
- ^ Establishment of diplomatic relations between Montenegro and the Republic of Nauru
- ^ [2]
- ^ [3][dead link]
- ^ [4][dead link]
- ^ a b [5]
- ^ "Malaysia My Second Home", Immigration Department of Malaysia. Retrieved 28 Aug 2007.
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