Nagoya

For the small town in Batam, Indonesia, see Nagoya, Batam.

Nagoya 名古屋
—  Designated city  —
名古屋市 · City of Nagoya[1]
From top left: Nagoya Port, Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens, Central Nagoya, Nagoya Castle, Nagoya TV Tower
Flag Logo
Location of Nagoya in Aichi
Nagoya
Coordinates: 35°10′53.24″N 136°54′22.99″E / 35.1814556°N 136.9063861°E / 35.1814556; 136.9063861Coordinates: 35°10′53.24″N 136°54′22.99″E / 35.1814556°N 136.9063861°E / 35.1814556; 136.9063861
Country	Japan
Region	Chūbu
Prefecture	Aichi
Government
– Mayor	Takashi Kawamura
Area
– Total	326.43 km2 (126 sq mi)
Population (August 1, 2011)
– Total	2,266,249
– Density	6,942.5/km2 (17,981.1/sq mi)
Time zone	Japan Standard Time (UTC+9)
City Symbols
- Tree	Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)
- Flower	Lilium
Phone number	052-972-2017
Address	3-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi-ken 460-0001
Website	City of Nagoya
[2]

Nagoya (名古屋市, Nagoya-shi^?) is the third-largest incorporated city and the fourth most populous urban area in Japan.^[3]

Located on the Pacific coast in the Chūbu region on central Honshu, it is the capital of Aichi Prefecture and is one of Japan's major ports along with those of Tokyo, Osaka, Kobe, Yokohama, Chiba, and Moji. It is also the center of Japan's third largest metropolitan region, known as the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area. As of 2000, Chūkyō Metropolitan Area has 8.74 million people, of which 2.17 million live in the city of Nagoya.^[4]

History

Etymology

The city's name was historically written as 那古野 or 名護屋 (both read as Nagoya). One possible etymology for the city's name is the adjective なごやか (nagoyaka), meaning 'peaceful'. [2]

The name Chūkyō (中京) is also used (chū (middle) + kyō (capital)), since it is the main city of the central Chūbu region. Various things are named after Chūkyō, for example the Chūkyō Industrial Area, Chūkyō Metropolitan Area, Chūkyō Television Broadcasting, Chukyo University and the Chukyo Racecourse.

Foundation

The Great Atsuta Shrine dates back to c. 100 CE and houses the holy sword Kusanagi, one of the imperial regalia of Japan

Nagoya Castle was constructed as the seat of the Owari branch of the ruling Tokugawa clan

(The Japanese names in this section are written with the family name first. For example, in the name Oda Nobunaga, the family name is Oda.)

Oda Nobunaga and his proteges Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu were powerful warlords based in the Nagoya area who gradually succeeded in unifying Japan.

In 1610, Tokugawa Ieyasu moved the capital of Owari province from Kiyosu around seven kilometers to a more strategic location in present-day Nagoya.

Tokugawa period

Nagoya Castle, a new, large castle, was constructed partly from materials taken from Kiyosu Castle During the construction, the entire town of around 60,000 people, including the temples and shrines, moved from Kiyosu to the new, planned town around Nagoya Castle.^[5] Around the same time not far away, the ancient Atsuta Shrine was designated as a way station called Miya (the Shrine) on the important Tōkaidō, a road that linked the two capitals of Kyoto and Edo (now Tokyo). A town thus developed around the temple to support travelers. The combination of these two castle and shrine towns forms what we now call Nagoya.

Industrialisation

Through the following years Nagoya became an industrial hub for the surrounding region. Its economic sphere included the famous pottery towns Tokoname, Tajimi and Seto, as well as Okazaki, one of the only places where gunpowder was produced under the shogunate. Other industries in the area included cotton and complex mechanical dolls called karakuri ningyo.

Part of the modernization efforts of the Meiji Restoration saw a restructuring of Japan's provinces into prefectures and the government changed from family rule to that by government officials. Nagoya was proclaimed a city on October 1, 1889, and designated a city on September 1, 1956 by government ordinance.

World War II and modern era

grid patterned streets

Nagoya was the target of U.S. air raids during World War II, beginning on December 13, 1944 with an attack on a Mitsubishi war industries plant. The bombing of Nagoya in World War II continued through the spring of 1945, and included large scale firebombing. Nagoya Castle, which was being used as a military command post, was hit and mostly destroyed on May 14, 1945.^[6] Reconstruction of the main building was completed in 1959.

In 1959, the city was flooded and severely damaged by the Ise-wan Typhoon.

Geography

View of the Nōbi Plain, Kiso Three Rivers and Nagoya from Mount Sanpo and Mount Yoro

Nagoya lies north of Ise Bay on the Nōbi Plain. The city was built on low-level plateaus to ward off water damage. The plain is one of the fertile lands of Japan, which allowed for the development of agriculture. The Kiso River flows to the west along the city border, the Shōnai River comes in from the northeast and takes a southern towards the bay at Nishi Ward. The man-made Hori River was constructed as a canal in the 1610 and flows from north to south, and is a part of the Shōnai River system. The rivers allowed for trade to develop with the hinterland. The Tenpaku River feeds from a number of smaller river in the east, flows briefly south at Nonami and then west at Ōdaka into the bay.

The geographic location and the position of the city in the centre of Japan allowed it to develop economically and politically over the centuries.

Sightseeing

Nagoya's two most famous sightseeing spots are Atsuta Shrine and Nagoya Castle.^[7]

• Atsuta Shrine is known as the second-most venerable shrine in Japan, after Ise Shrine. It is said to enshrine the Kusanagi sword, one of the three imperial regalia of Japan, but it is not on display to the public. It holds around 70 festivals in a year, and many people visit the shrine year-round. Also, the shrine has over 4,400 national treasures representing its 2,000 year history.

• Nagoya Castle was built in 1612. Although a large part of it burned down in the fires of World War II, the castle was restored in 1959, adding some modern amenities such as elevators. The castle is famous for two magnificent Golden Orca (金の鯱, Kin no Shachihoko^?) on the roof, often used as the symbol of Nagoya.

Nagoya TV Tower at Hisaya-Odori park at night

Ōsu Kannon

Nagoya City Hall (front) and the Aichi Prefectural Government Office in Naka ward

Other Nagoya attractions include:

• The Nagoya TV Tower and Hisaya-Ōdori Park, located in the central Sakae district
• JR Central Towers of Nagoya Station
• Midland Square: The new international sales headquarters for the Toyota Motor Corporation features Japan's highest open-air observation deck.^[8]
• The Nagoya Port area: The Nagoya port area includes a themed shopping mall called Italia Mura as well as the popular Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium.
• Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens and the Higashiyama Sky Tower.
• The Toyota museums: The Toyota Automobile Museum in Nagakute and the Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology near Nagoya station.
• The Noritake factory: The home of Noritake fine chinaware is open to visitors and allows people to browse through the history of the establishment. Complete with cafe and information/technology displays, as well as shopping facilities, visitors can spend a whole day wandering through the displays and grounds. It also holds a few sad reminders of devastation during the final stages of WWII.
• The Nagoya/Boston Museum of Fine Arts (N/BMFA)
• The Ōsu shopping district and Ōsu Kannon Temple.
• The Tokugawa Art Museum and the Tokugawaen, a surrounding Japanese garden
• The Nagoya City Science and Art Museums, located in Shirakawa Park, not far from Fushimi Subway Station.
• The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Money Museum, now located near the Akatsuka-shirakabe 赤塚白壁 bus stop on Dekimachi-dori.^[9]
• Nagoya Noh Theatre
• Aichi Prefectural Gymnasium
• Ōsu district with its many shops and temples, such as Ōsu Kannon and Banshō-ji
• Yagoto district with Kōshō-ji
• Shiroyama Hakusan Shrine, formerly Suemori Castle
• Togan-ji
• Nittai-ji
• Nunoike Cathedral
• Nagoya City Museum
• Nagoya City Science Museum
• Aichi Prefectural Ceramic Museum
• IdcN International Design Centre
• Little Italy - Villaggio Italia (closed in 2008)
• Pachinko Museum
• Koma (Spinning Tops) Museum
• Toyota Municipal Museum of Art
• Nagoya City Tram & Subway Museum
• Nagoya Agricultural Center

Nagoya is also a starting point for short visits in the surrounding area, such as Inuyama, Little World Museum of Man, Meiji Mura, Kasadera Kannon, Toyohashi and Arimatsu. Reachable within a two hour radius by car or train are Gifu^{[disambiguation needed ]}, Gujo Hachiman, Gifu, Ise Shrine, Takayama, Gifu, Gero Onsen and the hill stations in the Kiso Valley Magome and Tsumago.

Wards

A map of Nagoya's Wards

Nagoya has 16 wards:

Atsuta-ku Chikusa-ku Higashi-ku Kita-ku Meito-ku Midori-ku Minami-ku Minato-ku

Mizuho-ku Moriyama-ku Naka-ku - administrative center Nakagawa-ku Nakamura-ku Nishi-ku Shōwa-ku Tempaku-ku

Climate

Climate data for Nagoya, Japan (1971–2000)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	8.7 (47.7)	9.5 (49.1)	13.4 (56.1)	19.5 (67.1)	23.7 (74.7)	26.7 (80.1)	30.5 (86.9)	32.2 (90.0)	28.0 (82.4)	22.4 (72.3)	16.7 (62.1)	11.4 (52.5)	20.2
Daily mean °C (°F)	4.3 (39.7)	4.7 (40.5)	8.2 (46.8)	14.1 (57.4)	18.5 (65.3)	22.3 (72.1)	26.0 (78.8)	27.3 (81.1)	23.4 (74.1)	17.6 (63.7)	11.9 (53.4)	6.7 (44.1)	15.4
Average low °C (°F)	1.0 (33.8)	0.6 (33.1)	3.7 (38.7)	9.2 (48.6)	14.0 (57.2)	18.7 (65.7)	22.6 (72.7)	23.8 (74.8)	20.0 (68.0)	13.5 (56.3)	7.6 (45.7)	2.6 (36.7)	11.4
Rainfall mm (inches)	43.2 (1.701)	64.1 (2.524)	115.2 (4.535)	143.3 (5.642)	155.7 (6.13)	201.5 (7.933)	218.0 (8.583)	140.4 (5.528)	249.8 (9.835)	116.9 (4.602)	79.5 (3.13)	36.8 (1.449)	1,564.6 (61.598)
Snowfall cm (inches)	4 (1.6)	8 (3.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.4)	13 (5.1)
% humidity	65	62	60	62	66	74	76	73	73	69	67	66	68
Avg. snowy days	6.2	6.1	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	2.4	17.1
Sunshine hours	169.8	165.7	189.3	188.4	199.6	145.2	162.9	195.4	141.9	165.6	159.7	169.7	2,053.4
Source: [10]

Demographics

One of the earliest censuses, carried out in 1889, gave Nagoya's population as 157,496. It reached the 1 million mark in 1934 and, as of December 2010, the city had an estimated population of 2,259,993 with a population density of 6,923 persons per km². Also as of December 2010 there were estimated to be 1,019,859 households in the city — a significant increase from 153,370 at the end of World War II, in 1945.^[11]

The total area is 326.45 km². Its metropolitan area extends into Mie and Gifu prefectures, with a total population of about 9 million people, with only Osaka and Tokyo being larger.

Transportation

Entrance to Shiyakusho Subway Station

Nagoya is served by Chūbu Centrair International Airport (NGO) built on the artificial island off shore of Tokoname and by Nagoya Airfield (Komaki Airport, NKM) near the city boundary with Komaki and Kasugai^{[disambiguation needed ]}. On February 17, 2005, all of Nagoya Airport's commercial international flights moved to Centrair Airport. Nagoya Airfield is now used for general aviation and airbase facility as well as the main J-Air airline hub.

Nagoya Station

Nagoya Station, the world's largest train station by floor area, is on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, Tōkaidō Main Line, and Chūō Main Line, among others. The Nagoya Railroad and Kintetsu provide regional rail service to points in the Tōkai and Kansai regions. The city is also serviced by the Nagoya Subway.

Oasis 21 - a bus terminal

Nagoya Port is the largest port by international trade value in Japan. Toyota Motor Corporation uses Nagoya Port for export of their products.

Economy

Chubu International Airport was constructed on an artificial island and is the gateway to the wider region

Port of Nagoya

Nagoya is the center of Greater Nagoya which earned nearly 70 percent of Japan's trade surplus as of 2003.^[12]

Nagoya's main industry is the automotive business, as many Japanese automotive companies are based out of Nagoya, akin to how many U.S. automakers are based out of Detroit. Toyota is headquartered in Toyota and Nagoya. Mitsubishi Motors has R & D division in Okazaki located in a suburb of Nagoya. Many Japanese automotive suppliers such as DENSO, Aisin Seiki, Toyota Industries, JTEKT or Toyota Boshoku etc. are headquartered in Nagoya or suburbs of Nagoya. Furthermore, major automotive suppliers such as Magna International or PPG also have a presence in Nagoya.

JR Central, which operates the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, is headquartered in Nagoya, as is the fine ceramics company Noritake. As well Brother Industries which is known for office machines such as multifunction printers, NGK which is known for spark plugs and related products, Nippon Sharyo which is known for manufacturing rolling stock including the Shinkansen bullet trains and Hoshizaki Electric which is known for commercial ice machines and refrigeration equipment are also headquartered here. The Japanese confectionery company Marukawa is headquartered in Nagoya. There is also a sizable aerospace, machine tool and electronics industry in the area.^[13]

Aerospace-related firms operating in Nagoya include Boeing, Pratt & Whitney, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Bodycote, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Spirit AeroSystems, and Fuji Heavy Industries.

Robot technology is another rapidly developing industry. Mechanized puppets, called "karakuri ningyo", are a traditional craft in the Nagoya area. In addition to the aerospace and robotics industries, a materials engineering industry is also developing in this area.^[14]

The World Expo 2005, also known as Aichi Expo was held just outside of Nagoya in the neighboring cities of Nagakute and Seto. The event was held from March 25 to September 25, 2005.

Education

Nanzan was founded by Jesuits and is one of Japan's most prestigious universities

Nagoya has a large number primary and secondary schools, which are mostly state-run. A large number of state and private colleges and universities exist throughout the city as well, with many located on the eastern side of the city. Some educational institutions were founded during the opening of the Meiji era according to a Western system, with more to follow during the Taishō and Shōwa eras. Nagoya University was set up in 1871 as a medical school. Nanzan University was set up by the Jesuits in 1932 as a high school and expanded throughout the decades to include Nanzan Junior College and the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture. Some universities specialise in engineering and technology such as Nagoya University Engineering school, Nagoya Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute, since the city is a hub of industrial activity, and receive support and grants from companies such as Toyota.

The old Nagoya Court of Appeals building, today the city archive

Other colleges and universities include Aichi Prefectural College of Nursing & Health, Aichi Shukutoku Junior College, Aichi Toho University, Chukyo University, Daido University, Doho University, Kinjo Gakuin University, Kinjo Gakuin University Junior College, Meijo University, Nagoya City University, Nagoya College of Music, Nagoya Future Culture College, Nagoya Gakuin University, Nagoya Management Junior College, Nagoya Women's University, St. Mary’s College, Nagoya, Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Sugiyama Jogakuen University Junior College, Tokai Gakuen Women’s College. Various universities from outside Nagoya have set up satellite campuses, such as Tokyo University of Social Welfare.

The Hōsa Library dates back to the 17th century and houses 110,000 items including classic literature, an heirloom of the Owari Tokugawa bequeathed to the city. The Nagoya City Archives have a large collection of documents and books. Tsuruma Central Library is a public library and Nagoya International Center has a collection of foreign-language books.

Culture

Culture runs deep in Nagoya, as it was a major trading city and political seat of the Owari lords, the most important house of the Tokugawa clan. The Owari lords actively encouraged trade and the arts under their patronage, especially Tokugawa Muneharu, the 7th lord of Owari, who took a keen interest in drama and plays and lived a lavish lifestyle. Under his rule, famous actors and actresses began to come to Nagoya, creating a bustling city life. The patronage of the arts and culture was emulated and supported by the wealthy merchants of the city. The cultural life continued to flourish after the end of the feudal Edo period and the beginning of the modern Meiji era. The destruction brought on by World War II however was unprecedented in the history of the city. Many old buildings and artefacts were destroyed during the American bombing raids and subsequent fires, grave losses of Japan's cultural heritage. Nevertheless the economical and thus financial power of the region and the city in the post-war years has reconstructed and rekindled the artistic and cultural scene.

Museums

The Tokugawa Art Museum houses some of the finest art treasures of Japan

Nagoya has a wide array of different kinds of museums, ranging from the traditional to modern art, from handicrafts to industrial high-tech, from natural to scientific museums.

Nagoya Castle has a collection of objects from the Owari Tokugawa era. The main tower is a museum that details the history of the castle and the city. The Honmaru Palace, destroyed in World War II, is slated for reconstruction by 2016 and will again be a prime example of the Shoin-zukuri architecture of the feudal era. The Tokugawa Art Museum is a private museum belonging to the Owari Tokugawa, who lived in Nagoya castle for 16 generations. Among other things, it contains 10 designated national treasures of Japan, including some of the oldest scrolls of The Tale of Genji.^[15] The Nagoya Noh Theatre houses various precious objects of Noh theatre. The Nagoya City Museum showcases the history of the town.

Paintings and sculpture are also exhibited at the Nagoya City Art Museum, as well as modern art in the Aichi Arts Center. The Aichi Arts Center also is the venue of rotating exhibitions. The city is also home to the Nagoya/Boston Museum of Fine Arts, a sister museum to the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, which was founded to bring aspects of the MFA's collection to Japan.

Textile Machinery Pavilion in the Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology

The art of porcelain and ceramics can be seen at the Noritake Garden. Toyota has two museums in the city, the Toyota Automobile Museum which shows vintage cars, and the Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology, which showcases the long history of the company when it started as a textile mill.

The Nagoya City Tram & Subway Museum has a number of old trams and subway cars, as well as the Nagoya City Science Museum. The SCMaglev and Railway Park opened in March 2011 with various trains from the Central Japan Railway Company.

Arts museums that are located close to Nagoya in Aichi prefecture are the Aichi Prefectural Ceramic Museum and the Toyota Municipal Museum of Art. Meiji Mura is an open-air museum with salvaged buildings from the Meiji, Taisho and Showa eras.

Theatres

Aichi Arts Center in Sakae

Noh theatre and Kyōgen have a deep-rooted tradition that dates back to the feudal times of the Owari Tokugawa. The Nagoya Noh Theatre at Nagoya Castle continues that tradition and is a prominent feature in the cultural life of the city, with monthly performances.

One of the grand stages of Kabuki in Japan is Misono-za, which also hosts various other Japanese theatre plays and entertainment forms such as concerts.

In the 1992, the large, modern Aichi Arts Center was opened in Sakae. It is the main venue for performing arts, featuring a main hall that can be used for opera and theatre, and a concert hall. The Nagoya Philharmonic Orchestra gives its performances there, as well as many visiting guest orchestras from abroad.

Cultural Path

The civic authorities try to promote tourism and have taken steps to safeguard architectural heritage by earmarking them as important cultural assets. Apart from the castle, temples, shrines and museums in the city, a "Cultural Path" was instituted in the 1980s, located between the Tokugawa Art Museum and Nagoya Castle. This old residential area has some historic buildings such as the Nagoya City Archives, the Nagoya City Hall main building, the Aichi Prefectural Office main building, the Futaba Museum, the former residence of Sasuke Toyoda, the former residence of Tetsujiro Haruta and the Chikaramachi Catholic Church. Most buildings date from the Meiji and Taisho era and are protected historical sites.

Festivals

Daidō-chōnin Matsuri in Ōsu

Apart from the main national festivals and holidays, there are festivals in Nagoya which are unique to the city and region.

Major events include the Atsuta Festival at Atsuta Shrine in June, the Port Festival at Nagoya Port in July, the Nagoya Castle Summer Festival in August at Nagoya Castle and the Nagoya Festival held in October at the Hisaya Ōdori Park. Various smaller festivals exist and different wards and areas of the city have their own local festivals as well, such as the Daidō-chōnin Matsuri (大須大道町人祭, Street Performer's Festival^?) in Ōsu.

Dialect

The Nagoya dialect (名古屋弁, Nagoya-ben^?) is a dialect of the Japanese language spoken in the western half of Aichi Prefecture, centering on the city of Nagoya. It is also called Owari dialect (尾張弁, Owari-ben^?) since the area was formerly part of Owari Province. The Nagoya dialect is relatively near to standard Japanese and has proximities to the Kansai dialect, albeit with its own distinct pronunciation and vocabulary.

Handicrafts

The industry of Japanese handicrafts in the city dates back hundreds of years and is still kept alive today.

• Arimatsu and Narumi dye: during the construction of Nagoya Castle in the 17th century, the lords of Owari called in skilled craftsmen from the Bungo Province in Kyushu, known for their tie-dyed fabric technique. These craftsmen and their families were treated generously by the Owari lords and settled in the Arimatsu und Narumi neighbourhoods of Nagoya. In the tie-dyed fabric technique, only the base fabric is dyed, leaving a parts that were tied together as white spots. This highly specialised process takes half to one year to complete a piece of cloth.

• Straps for geta clogs: wooden clogs called geta were the shoes of the feudal era. The lords of Owari devised their own unique pattern for the cotton straps of the clogs and ordered them to be woven by local weavers. The technique has been passed from generation to generation. The making of these specially-designed cotton straps for wooden clogs began when the lord of the Owari clan devised his own unique pattern and ordered it to be woven by a local weaver. The technique has developed over the generations. The straps became stronger and more resilient but more comfortable for the feet with the discovery of cotton velvet.

• Shippo: the technique for enamelware called shippo was introduced to Japan from the Netherlands towards the end of the Edo period. The patterns used look almost transparent and are often used on pottery.

• Candles: for Japanese candles wax is taken from a wax tree, and painted around a rope made out of grass and Japanese paper (washi) over and over again into layers. When cut in half, the candle looks as if it grew like a tree with rings. Japanese candles produce less smoke and are harder to blow out, since the wick tends to be larger. Artists paint the candles in coloured patterns.

• Yuzen: the art of silk dyeing was introduced to Nagoya by craftsmen from Kyoto during the rule of the Owari Togukawa. The initial designs were extravagant and brightly coloured, but over time became more muted and light-coloured.

• Sekku Ningyo: these are festival dolls, introduced by markets that were held all over Japan during the Meiji era. Nagoya craftsmen rank amongst the top producers of festival dolls in the country.

Cuisine

Nagoya is known for unique local cuisine Nagoya meshi. Some famous Nagoya foods:

• tebasaki: chicken wings marinated in a sweet sauce with sesame seeds, basically a type of yakitori.
• kishimen: flat udon noodles with a slippery texture. It should be dipped in a light soy sauce soup and a sliced leek or other flavouring added. It can be eaten cold or hot.
• red miso dishes: various dishes that use red miso exist, such as miso katsu (pork cutlet with sweet miso sauce), miso nikomi udon (hard udon stewed in miso soup), miso oden (miso taste oden), and dote nabe (miso nabemono with meat and vegetables).
• Nagoya kōchin: a special breed of free-range chicken. This is a breed of chicken that has been cross-bred between a Nagoya chicken and a cochin. The time until maturity is 2.5 times the normal broiler chicken, and its meat is said to be juicy and tender.
• uirō: rice dumpling made by mixing rice flour with a little sugar and then steaming the mixture in a steamer. The name is said to have come from a Chinese medicine that resembled it in colour. It is assumed that the medicine was brought by Chinese medicine vendors to Japan more than 600 years ago.
• tenmusu: rice ball wrapped in layer with tenpura at the centre. This dish originated in Tsu and became popular in Nagoya.
• moriguchi pickles: pickles use the Moriguchi daikon. The radish, about two metres long and two centimetres in diameter is pickled in barrels of sake and other seasoning. The radish is so long that you have to pack them along the inner wall of the barrel, one on top of the other.
• Hitsumabushi: rice dish with unagi in a lidded wooden container. This dish is enjoyed three way; eat as unadon, eat with spice and eat as chazuke.

• 

  Kishimen noodle soup

• 

  Miso katsu

• 

  Miso nikomi udon

• 

  Tenmusu

• 

  Hitsumabushi

Sports

The Aichi Prefectural Gymnasium is used for Sumo wrestling and other events

Nagoya Dome

Nagoya is home to several professional sports teams:

Club	Sport	League	Venue	Established
Chunichi Dragons	Baseball	Central League	Nagoya Dome	1936
Nagoya Grampus	Football	J. League	Mizuho Athletic Stadium, Toyota Stadium	1993
Nagoya Oceans	Futsal	F. League	Taiyo Yakuhin Arena	2006

The Chunichi Dragons are one of Japan's most powerful baseball teams

In 2007, the Chunichi Dragons won the Japan Series baseball championship. In 2010, Nagoya Grampus won the J. League championship, their first in team history.

Nagoya is also home of the Shonai FC amateur football club and Nagoya Barbarians semi-pro rugby football club. Since 1984 the city has hosted the Nagoya Marathon; an annual marathon race for women.

A honbasho or sumo tournament is held every July at the Aichi Prefectural Gymnasium. See also The Crowns golf tournament.

Sister cities

Nagoya has five sister cities around the world:^[16]

• Los Angeles, United States
• Mexico City, Mexico
• Nanjing, China
• Sydney, Australia
• Turin, Italy

The Nagoya International Center promotes international exchange in the local community.

Notable people

Leaders

Oda Nobunaga was born according to legend in Nagoya Castle

Toyotomi Hideyoshi, known as Japan's second "great unifier"

The three men who unified Japan in the 16th century all have strong links to Nagoya.

• Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582) came from Kiyosu Castle in Owari Province
• Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536–1598) was one of Oda Nobunaga’s top generals.
• Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616) was born in Mikawa Province, (the eastern half of modern Aichi prefecture).

Inventors/industrialists

• Sakichi Toyoda (1867–1930) was a prolific inventor from Shizuoka Prefecture
• Kiichiro Toyoda (1894–1952), son of Sakichi Toyoda, established Toyota Motor Corporation
• Akio Morita (1921–1999) (from nearby Tokoname, Aichi), co-founder of Sony.

Executive officers

• Yoichi Wada

Writers

• Yokoi Yayū (1702–1783) was a Haiku poet and Samurai in Owari Domain
• Asahi Monzaemon was a Genroku samurai in Nagoya and left a diary spanning the years 1684-1717

Musicians/composers

• Kiyoharu
• Koji Kondo
• Seamo
• Kazuki Kato
• Lullatone
• Jasmine You
• Shinichi Suzuki
• Hazuki^{[disambiguation needed ]}
• nobodyknows+

Actors

• Naoko Mori
• The Nose sisters: Anna, Erena, and Karina
• Hiroshi Tamaki
• Haruhiko Kato

Sports stars

• Midori Ito
• Mao Asada
• Mai Asada
• Miki Ando
• Último Dragón

Manga artists

• Akane Ogura

Nagoya in films

Nagoya, especially Nagoya Castle, has been featured in three Godzilla movies, King Kong vs. Godzilla, Mothra vs. Godzilla, and Godzilla vs. Mothra. The city is also featured in the Gamera movie, Gamera vs. Gyaos and the main setting of the 2003 film Gozu and the 1993 American film Mr. Baseball starring Tom Selleck. Nagoya was the setting for the 2007 movie, Ashita e no yuigon (translated as Best Wishes for Tomorrow), in which a Japanese war criminal sets out to take responsibility for the execution of U.S. Airmen.^[17]

References

1. ^ http://www.city.nagoya.jp/global/en/ Nagoya's official English Name
2. ^ "平成23年6月1日現在の世帯数と人口(全市・区別)" (in Japanese). http://www.city.nagoya.jp/somu/page/0000025344.html. Retrieved 19 June 2011. 
3. ^ Tokyo is not a single incorporated city - see Tokyo for more information on the definition and makeup of Tokyo.
4. ^ "Population of Japan". Japanese Statistics Bureau. 2000. http://www.stat.go.jp/English/data/kokusei/2000/final/hyodai.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-20. 
5. ^ "Kiyosu Castle". http://www.city.kiyosu.aichi.jp/en/sightseeing01.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01. 
6. ^ Preston John Hubbard (1990). Apocalypse Undone. Vanderbilt University Press. p. 199. http://books.google.com/books?id=nucrbGjY_GoC&pg=PA200&lpg=PA200&dq=nagoya+bombing&source=bl&ots=9tlAhszPyD&sig=HD6F1I5ush1AN0iQ_XhZSt9Zpf4&hl=en&ei=S3o9S6OSNZWekQX0n_XvCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CCAQ6AEwCTgK#v=onepage&q=nagoya%20bombing&f=false. 
7. ^ [1]
8. ^ "Midland Square". 2006-12. http://www.nic-nagoya.or.jp/en/inandaroundnagoya/midland%20square.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-20. 
9. ^ "The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Money Museum". Nagoya International Center. http://www.nic-nagoya.or.jp/en/inandaroundnagoya/money_museum.htm. 
10. ^ "気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）". Japan Meteorological Agency. http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=51&prec_ch=%88%A4%92m%8C%A7&block_no=47636&block_ch=%96%BC%8C%C3%89%AE&year=&month=&day=&elm=normal&view=. 
11. ^ "平成22年12月1日現在の世帯数と人口(全市・区別) [Population and Number of Households as of 1 December, Heisei 22]" (in Japanese). Nagoya City. 20 December 2010. http://www.city.nagoya.jp/somu/page/0000019808.html. Retrieved 7 January 2011. 
12. ^ "Report of Chubu Bureau of Economy, Trade and Industry METI (in Japanese)" (PDF). http://www.chubu.meti.go.jp/tyosa/point/data/point-nagoya.pdf. 
13. ^ "Greater Nagoya Initiative, Industry, Innovation". http://www.greaternagoya.org/html_en/ind_03.html. 
14. ^ "GREATER NAGOYA INITIATIVE, Industry, Growth Sectors". http://www.greaternagoya.org/html_en/ind_05.html. 
15. ^ "Yamasa.org's Tokugawa Art Museum page". http://www.yamasa.org/japan/english/destinations/aichi/tokugawa_artmuseum.html. 
16. ^ "Nagoya's Sister Cities". http://www.nsca.gr.jp. Retrieved 2007-04-20. 
17. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1052343/

External links

Japan portal

• WikiSatellite view of Nagoya at WikiMapia
• Nagoya International Center
• Useful Nagoya-city Guide in English
• Nagoya travel guide from Wikitravel
• Official website (Japanese)
• Official website (English)
• Nagoya InfoGuide
• Nagoya Avenues magazine, history and culture of central Japan including Nagoya region