- List of national mottos
-
This page lists state and national mottos for the world's nations. The mottos for some states lacking general international recognition, extinct states, non sovereign nations and territories are listed, but their names are not bolded.
A state motto is used to describe the intent or motivation of the state in a short phrase. For example, it can be included on a country's coat of arms, coins or banknotes. Some countries choose not to have a national motto.
Contents A
- Albania: Feja e Shqiptarit është Shqiptaria (Albanian, The Religion of the Albanians is Albanism)[1] and Ti, Shqipëri, më jep nder, më jep emrin Shqiptar (You Albania give me honor, you give me the name Albanian).
- Algeria: بالشعب و للشعب Bil-shaʿb wa lil-shaʿb (Arabic, By the people and for the people)[2]
- Andorra: Virtus unita fortior (Latin, Strength, united is stronger)[3]
- Anguilla: Strength and Endurance
- Antigua and Barbuda: Each endeavouring, all achieving[4]
- Argentina: En unión y libertad (Spanish, In Union and Liberty)[5]
- Armenia: Մեկ Ազգ, Մեկ Մշակույթ Mek Azg, Mek Mshakouyt (Armenian, "One Nation, One Culture")[6]
- Aruba: Semper pro grediens[7] (Latin, Always progressing)
- Australia: Advance Australia[8]
- Austria: formerly AEIOU, with one possible meaning being Austriae est imperare orbi universo (Latin, It is Austria's destiny to rule the world)
- Austria-Hungary: Indivisibiliter ac Inseparabiliter (Latin, Indivisibly and inseparably) [9]
B
- Bahamas: Forward, Upward, Onward Together[10]
- Bangladesh: nationalism, secularism, socialism, and democracy
- Barbados: Pride and Industry[11]
- Belgium: Eendracht maakt macht, L'union fait la force and Einigkeit gibt Stärke (Dutch, French and German, Unity gives Strength)[12]
- Belize: Sub umbra floreo (Latin, Under the shade I flourish)[13]
- Benin: Fraternité, Justice, Travail (French, Fellowship, Justice, Labour)[14]
- Bermuda: "Quo fata ferunt" (Latin: Whither the fates carry us)[citation needed]
- Bolivia: La Unión es la Fuerza (Spanish, Unity is Strength)[15]
- Botswana: Pula (Tswana, Rain)[16]
- Brazil: Ordem e progresso (Portuguese, Order and progress)[17]
- Empire of Brazil: Independência ou Morte! (Portuguese, Independence or Death!)
- Brittany: Kentoc'h mervel eget bezañ saotret (Breton: "Rather death than dishonour")
- British Antarctic Territory: Research and Discovery
- British Indian Ocean Territory: In tutela nostra Limuria (Latin: "Limuria is in our charge")
- British Virgin Islands: Vigilante (Latin:Be watchful)
- Brunei: الدائمون المحسنون بالهدى (Arabic, Always in service with God's guidance)[18]
- Bulgaria: Съединението прави силата (Bulgarian, Union Makes Strength)[19]
- Burkina Faso: Unité, Progrès, Justice (French, Unity, Progress, Justice)[20]
- Burundi: Unité, Travail, Progrès (French, Unity, Work, Progress)[21]
C
- Cambodia: ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ (Chéat, Sasna, Preăhmôhaksât) (Khmer, Nation, Religion, King)[22]
- Cameroon: Paix - Travail - Patrie (French, Peace, Work, Fatherland)[23]
- Canada: A mari usque ad mare (Latin, From sea to sea)[24]
- Cayman Islands: He hath founded it upon the seas
- Central African Republic: Unité, Dignité, Travail (French, Unity, Dignity, Work)[25]
- Chad: Unité, Travail, Progrès (French, Unity, Work, Progress)[26]
- Chile: Por la razón o la fuerza (Spanish, Through Reason Or By Force)
- Colombia: Libertad y orden (Spanish, Freedom and order)
- Comoros: Unité, Justice, Progrès (French, Unity, justice, progress)
- Confederate States of America: Deo Vindice (Latin, Under God, Our Vindicator)[27]
- Democratic Republic of the Congo: Justice - Paix - Travail (French, Justice, Peace, Work)[28]
- Republic of the Congo: Unité, Travail, Progrès (French, Unity, Work, Progress)[29]
- Costa Rica: Vivan siempre el trabajo y la paz (Spanish, Long live work and peace)[citation needed]
- Côte d'Ivoire: Union, Discipline, Travail (French, Unity, Discipline, Labor)[30]
- Cuba: Patria o muerte (Spanish, Homeland or death)[31]
- Czech Republic: Pravda vítězí (Czech, Truth prevails)[32]
- Czechoslovakia (1918–1993): Pravda víťazí! (Slovak), Pravda vítězí! (Czech), Veritas vincit (Latin), all meaning "Truth prevails!"
- Cyprus: Δεν ξεχνώ και αγωνίζομαι (Greek), Den xehno ke agonizomai, I do not forget and I strive
D
- Denmark: Motto of Queen Margrethe II: Guds hjælp, Folkets kærlighed, Danmarks styrke (Danish, God's help, the love of the people, Denmark's strength)
- Djibouti: Itixaad, Gudboonaan, Ammaan and Unité, Égalité, Paix (Somali and French: Unity, Equality, Peace)[33]
- Dominica: Après Bondié, C'est la Ter (French Patois, After God, the Earth)[34]
- Dominican Republic: Dios, Patria, Libertad (Spanish, God, Country, Liberty)[35]
E
- England: Dieu et mon droit (French, God and my right.) (royal motto)[36]
- East Timor: Honra, pátria e povo (Portuguese, Honour, homeland and people)[37]
- Ecuador: Dios, patria y libertad (Spanish, God, homeland and liberty)[citation needed]
- El Salvador: Dios, Unión, Libertad (Spanish, God, Union, Liberty)[38]
- Estonia: there is no official motto at state level, however such mottos, as Welcome to Estonia and Heade üllatuste maa (Estonian, Country of good surprises) have been used for the purpose of popularizing Estonia in the world[39]
- Equatorial Guinea: Unidad, Paz, Justicia (Spanish, Unity, Peace, Justice)[40]
- European Union: United in diversity, Unis dans la diversité, etc. (Translated into the languages of the member states of the EU and Latin)[41]
F
- Falkland Islands: Desire the right
- Falkland Islands Dependencies: Desire the right
- Fiji: Rerevaka na Kalou ka Doka na Tui (Fijian, Fear God and honour the Queen)[42]
- France: Liberté, égalité, fraternité (French, Liberty, equality, fraternity)[43]
- Vichy France: Travail, Famille, Patrie (French: Work, Family, Fatherland)
G
- Gabon: Union, Travail, Justice (French, Union, Work, Justice)[44]
- Gambia: Progress,Peace, Prosperity[45]
- Georgia: ძალა ერთობაშია! (Dzala ertobashia) (Georgian, Strength is in Unity)
- Germany: Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit (German: Unity and justice and freedom)
- German Democratic Republic: Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch! (German: Workers of the world, unite!)
- German Empire: Gott mit uns (German: God with us)
- Nazi Germany: Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer (German: One people, one empire, one leader.)
- Ghana: Freedom and Justice[46]
- Gibraltar: Nulli Expugnabilis Hosti (Latin: Conquered by no enemy)
- Greece: Ελευθερία ή θάνατος (Eleutheria i thanatos) (Greek: Freedom or Death)
- Grenada: Ever Conscious of God We Aspire, and Advance as One People[47]
- Guatemala: Libre Crezca Fecundo (Spanish: Grow Free and Fertile)[48]
- Guinea: Travail, Justice, Solidarité (French, Work, Justice, Solidarity)[49]
- Guinea-Bissau: Unidade, Luta, Progresso (Portuguese, Unity, Struggle, Progress)[50]
- Guyana: One People, One Nation, One Destiny[51]
H
- Haiti: L'union fait la force (French, Unity makes strength)[52]
- Kingdom of Hawaii: Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono (Hawaiian, The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness)
- Honduras: Libre, Soberana E Independiente (Spanish, Free, sovereign and independent)[53]
- British Hong Kong: Dieu et mon droit (French, God and my right)
- Hungary: formerly Cum Deo pro Patria et Libertate Latin, ("With the help of God for Homeland and Freedom")
I
- India: सत्यमेव जयते (Satyameva Jayate) (Sanskrit, Truth alone triumphs)[54]
- Indonesia: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Old Javanese, Unity in diversity)[55]
- Iran:
- de facto: استقلال، آزادى، جمهورى اسلامى Esteqlāl, āzādī, jomhūrī-ye eslāmī[56] (Persian, Independence, freedom, (the) Islamic Republic)
- de jure: الله اکبرAllaho Akbar (Arabic, God is the Greatest)[57]
- The imperial motto, before the Islamic revolution, was مرا داد فرمود و خود داور است Marā dād farmūd-o khod dāvar ast (Persian, Justice He bids me do, as He will judge me).[58]
- Iraq: الله أكبر (Allahu Akbar) (Arabic, God is the Greatest)[59]
- Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946): Foedere et Religione Tenemur (FERT) (Latin, We are held together by pact and by religion)
- Ireland: National motto (unofficial): Éire go deo (Ireland forever) National motto: Fé Mhóid Bheith Saor (Sworn to be free)
- Isle of Man: Quocunque Jeceris Stabit (Latin Whithersoever you throw it, it will stand)
- Italian Social Republic: Per l`onore d`Italia (Italian language For honor of Italy)
J
- Jamaica: Out of many, One People[60]
- Empire of Japan: 八紘一宇 Hakkō ichiu, All the world under one roof
- Jordan: الله، الوطن، المليك (Allāh, Al-Waṭan, Al-Malīk) God, Fatherland, Sovereign
K
- Kenya: Harambee (Swahili, Let's work together)
- Kiribati: Te mauri, te raoi ao te tabomoa (Kiribati, Health, Peace and Prosperity)[61]
- North Korea: 강성대국 (强盛大國, Gangseong Daeguk) (Korean, Prosperous and great country)
- South Korea: 홍익인간 (弘益人間, Hongik Ingan) (Korean, Benefit all mankind)
- Korean Empire: 광명천지 (光明天地, Kwangmyeong cheonji) Let there be light across the land
L
- Lebanon: كلنـا للوطن للعلى للعل (Lebanese, "We are all for the Country, the Sublime and the Flag"
- Laos: "ສັນຕິພາບ ເອກະລາດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ເອກະພາບ ວັດທະນາຖາວອນ" (Lao, Peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity)[62]
- Lesotho: Khotso, Pula, Nala (Sotho, Peace, Rain, Prosperity)[63]
- Liberia: The love of liberty brought us here[64]
- Libya: Freedom, Justice, Democracy.
- Liechtenstein: Für Gott, Fürst und Vaterland (German, For God, Prince and Fatherland)[citation needed]
- Lithuania: Tautos jėga vienybėje (Lithuanian, The strength of the nation lies in unity)
- Luxembourg: Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn (Luxembourgish, We wish to remain what we are)[65]
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M
- Madagascar: Fitiavana, Tanindrazana, Fandrosoana (Malagasy, Love, Ancestral-land, Progress)[66]
- Malawi: Unity and Freedom
- Malaysia: Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu (Malay, Unity is Strength)[67]
- Mali: Un peuple, un but, une foi (French, One people, one goal, one faith)[68]
- Malta: Repubblika ta' Malta (Maltese: Republic of Malta)
- Mauritania: شرف، إخاء، عدالة or Honneur, Fraternité, Justice (Arabic and French, Honor, Fraternity, Justice)[69]
- Mauritius: Stella Clavisque Maris Indici (Latin, Star and key of the Indian Ocean)[70]
- Monaco: Deo juvante (Latin, With God's help)[71]
- Morocco: الله، الوطن، الملك (Arabic, God, the Country, the King)[72]
N
- Namibia: Unity, liberty, justice[73]
- Nauru: God's will first
- Nepal: जननी जन्मभूमिष्च स्वर्गादपि गरियसि (Sanskrit, Mother and motherland are greater than heaven)
- Netherlands: Je maintiendrai, Ik zal handhaven (French, Dutch I will maintain)[74]
- Netherlands Antilles: Libertate Unanimus, (Latin, United in Freedom)[74]
- Newfoundland: Quaerite Prime Regnum Dei (Latin, Seek ye first the kingdom of God)
- New Zealand: none, formerly Onward[75]
- Nicaragua: En Dios Confiamos (Spanish, In God We Trust)[76]
- Niger: Fraternité, Travail, Progrès (French, Fraternity, Work, Progress)[77]
- Nigeria: Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress[78]
- North Borneo: Pergo et Perago (Latin, I undertake and I achieve)
- Norway: Royal motto: Alt for Norge (Norwegian, Everything for Norway) and Eidsvoll oath: Enige og troe, indtil Dovre falder (Norwegian, United and loyal until the mountains of Dovre crumble)
O
- Ottoman Empire: دولت ابد مدت (Ottoman Turkish, The Eternal State)
P
- Pakistan: ايمان، اتحاد، نظم (Urdu, Faith, Unity, Discipline)[79]
- Panama: Pro mundi beneficio (Latin, For the benefit of the world)[80]
- Papua New Guinea: Unity in Diversity[citation needed]
- Paraguay: Paz y justicia (Spanish, Peace and justice)[81]
- Philippines: Maka-Diyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa (Tagalog, For God, People, Nature and Country)[82]
- Former: Isang bansa, isang diwa (Tagalog, One nation, one spirit)
- Poland: No official motto. Among the unofficial ones Bóg, Honor, Ojczyzna (Polish, God, Honor, Fatherland). See also Unofficial mottos of Poland.
- Portugal: No official motto.
- Kingdom of Portugal "In Hoc Signo Vinces" In a legend told in the National epic poem Os Lusiadas by Luis Vaz de Camoes, The first King of Portugal saw the simbol of the Quinas at the Batle of Ourique. The use of this motto is well documented in coins, monuments and documents.
R
- Roman Republic and Roman Empire: Senatus Populusque Romanus (Latin, The Senate and people of Rome, often abbreviated SPQR)
- Romania: Formerly Nihil Sine Deo (Latin, Nothing without God) and before that Toţi în unu (Romanian, All in one). Currently none.
- Rwanda: Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu (Kinyarwanda, Unity, Work, Patriotism)[83]
- Russian Empire - С нами Бог (God is with us)
S
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic: حرية ديمقراطية وحدة Ḥurrīya Dīmuqrāṭīya Waḥda (Arabic, Liberty, Democracy, Unity)
- Saint Helena: Loyal and unshakeable
- Saint Kitts and Nevis: Country Above Self[84]
- Saint Lucia: The land, the people, the light[85]
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Pax et justitia (Latin, Peace and justice)[86]
- Samoa: Fa'avae i le Atua Samoa (Samoan, God be the Foundation of Samoa)[87]
- San Marino: Libertas (Latin, Liberty)
- São Tomé and Príncipe:Unidade, Disciplina, Trabalho (Portuguese, Unity, Discipline, Work)
- Saudi Arabia: لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله (Lā ʾilāha illā l-Lāh; Muḥammadu r-rasūlu l-Lāh) (Arabic, (from the shahada) There is no God other than God and Muhammad is His Prophet)[88]
- Scotland: In My Defens God Me Defend (Often shown abbreviated as IN DEFENS)
- Senegal: Un peuple, un but, une foi (French, One people, one goal, one faith)[89]
- Kingdom of Serbia: С Вером у Бога - за Краља и Отаџбину / S Verom u Boga - za Kralja i Otadžbinu (Serbian), With faith in God - for King and Fatherland. (-1943); Само слога Србина спасава (Serbian), Only unity saves Serbs.
- Seychelles: Finis coronat opus (Latin, The end crowns the work)
- Sierra Leone: Unity, freedom, justice[90]
- Singapore: Majulah Singapura (Malay, Onward Singapore)
- Sint Maarten: Semper pro grediens[7] (Latin, Always progressing)
- Slovak Republic: Verní sebe, svorne napred! (Slovak), Faithful to ourselves, together ahead! (1939–1945)
- Solomon Islands: To lead is to serve
- South Africa: !ke e: /xarra //ke (/Xam, Diverse people unite or Unity in Diversity)[91]
- Former: Ex Unitate Vires (Latin, From unity, strength, from 1910–2000)
- Union of South Africa: Ex Unitate Vires (Latin, From Unity, Strength
- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands: Leo terram propriam protegat (Latin: "Let the lion protect his own land")
- South Sudan: Justice, Liberty, Prosperity
- Soviet Union: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Russian, Proletarians of all countries, unite!)
- Spain: Plus Ultra (Latin, Further beyond)[92]
- Former: Una, grande y libre (Spanish, One, great and free, during Francisco Franco's dictatorship)[92]
- Sudan: النصر لنا (An-Naṣr Linā: Arabic, Victory is Ours)[93]
- Suriname: Justitia, pietas, fides (Latin, Justice, piety, loyalty)[94]
- Swaziland: Siyinqaba (Swati, We are the fortress)[95]
- Sweden: royal motto: För Sverige - i tiden (Swedish, For Sweden - With the Times) (See all royal mottos)
- Switzerland: Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno (Latin, One for all, all for one.)
- Syria: وحدة ، حرية ، اشتراكية (Waḥdah, Ḥurrīyah, Ishtirākīyah) (Arabic, Unity, Freedom, Socialism) Ba'ath Party
T
- Tanzania: Uhuru na Umoja (Swahili, Freedom and Unity)[96]
- Thailand
- 1873-1910 : "Sabbesaṃ saṃghabhūtānaṃ samagghī vuḍḍhi sadhikā" (Pāli: शब्बेसम् सम्घभुतनम् समग्घि भुद्धि सधिक, "Unity amongst those uniting brings about success and prosperity.")
- Following 1910 : none, unofficially "Chat, Satsana, Phra Mahakasat" (Thai: ชาติ ศาสนา พระมหากษัตริย์, "Country, Faith, King")[97]
- Togo: Travail, Liberté, Patrie (French, Work, liberty, homeland)[98]
- Tonga: Ko e ʻOtua mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa (Tongan, God and Tonga are my Inheritance)
- Trinidad and Tobago: Together we aspire, together we achieve[99]
- Tristan da Cunha: Our faith is our strength
- Tunisia: حرية، نظام، عدالة Ḥurrīyah, Niẓām,ʿAdālah (Arabic, Freedom, Order and Justice)[100]
- Turkey: Egemenlik kayıtsız şartsız milletindir. (Turkish, Sovereignty rests unconditionally with the nation)[101]
and Yurtta sulh, cihanda sulh. (Turkish, Peace in the homeland, peace in the world.)[102] Ne mutlu Türk'üm diyene! (Turkish, What a happiness to say, I am Turk!)[101] - Turks and Caicos Islands: Beautiful By Nature, Clean By Choice
- Tuvalu: Tuvalu mo te Atua (Tuvaluan, Tuvalu for the Almighty)
U
- Uganda: For God and My Country[103]
- United Arab Emirates: الله , الوطن , الرئيس Allah, al-Waṭan, al-Ra'īs (Arabic, God, Nation, President)
- United States: In God We Trust (official) and E pluribus unum (Latin, Out of many, one) (de-facto)
- See also list of U.S. state and territory mottos
- Uruguay: Libertad o Muerte (Spanish, "Liberty or Death")[104]
V
- Vanuatu: Long God yumi stanap (Bislama, Let us stand firm in God)[105]
- Venezuela: Patria, Socialismo o Muerte, Venceremos!(Official)(Spanish, Homeland, Socialism or Death, We will defeat!) Historical: Dios y Federación (Spanish, God and Federation)
- Vietnam: Ðộc lập, Tự do, Hạnh phúc (Vietnamese, Independence, Liberty and Happiness)
W
- Wales: Cymru am byth (Welsh, Wales Forever)
- West Indies Federation: To dwell together in unity
Z
References
- ^ Understanding the war in Kosovo By Florian Bieber, Židas Daskalovski. http://books.google.com/books?id=VPPdgAZxU9IC&lpg=PA188&dq=albanian%20religion%20is%20albanism&lr=&pg=PA188#v=onepage&q=albanism&f=false. Retrieved 2006-08-03.(Arabic)
- ^ "Constitution of Algeria". http://www.el-mouradia.dz/arabe/symbole/textes/constitution96.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-03.(Arabic)
- ^ "Constitution de la Principauté d'Andorre". Archived from the original on 2006-07-14. http://web.archive.org/web/20060714215545/http://www.coprince-fr.ad/frances/consti.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-02.(French)
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Antigua and Barbada". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/antigua_barbuda.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ As shown on the back of coins; see for instance this photo of a 1992 25 centavos coin.
- ^ Guides And Maps - Armenia
- ^ a b As shown on the Coat of arms of Sint Maarten
- ^ As shown on the 1908 coat of arms of Australia
- ^ As shown on the coat of arms.
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - The Bahamas". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/bahamas.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Barbados". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/barbados.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs Belgium
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Belize". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "La Constitution de la République du Bénin". Archived from the original on 2006-11-19. http://web.archive.org/web/20061119122411/http://www.bj.refer.org/benin_ct/cop/assemble/constitution/constitution1.html. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ As shown on the coins; see for example "Banco Central de Bolivia : Moneda de 10 Centavos". Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. http://web.archive.org/web/20070428004356/http://www.bcb.gov.bo/sitio/monedas/ligera/monedas/m10c.html. Retrieved 2006-08-04.(Spanish)
- ^ As shown on the Coat of arms of Botswana.
- ^ Embassy of Brazil
- ^ "The Government of Brunei Darussalam - National Flag and Crest". Archived from the original on 2006-08-04. http://web.archive.org/web/20060804212614/http://www.brunei.gov.bn/about_brunei/flag.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-05.
- ^ "About Bulgaria: National Symbols - Flag, coat of arms, anthem". http://www.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&p=0159&n=000006&g=. Retrieved 2006-08-05.
- ^ "Présidence du Burkina Faso - Les armoiries". http://www.presidence.bf/armoiries.php?sid=20. Retrieved 2006-08-05.(French)
- ^ Article 7 of "Constitution de la République du Burundi" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2006-08-24. http://web.archive.org/web/20060824121326/http://www.idlo.int/texts/leg5567.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-05.(French)
- ^ "Constitution of Cambodia". http://www.cambodia.org/facts/?government=The+Constitution+of+Cambodia. Retrieved 2011-04-13.
- ^ "La Constitution du Cameroun (French)". http://www.elaw.org/resources/text.asp?ID=1730. Retrieved 2006-08-05.
- ^ "The Canada Encyclopedia: A Mari usque ad Mare". http://www.canadianencyclopedia.ca/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&ArticleId=A0000001. Retrieved 2006-08-05.
- ^ "Constitution de Centrafrique" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2006-08-24. http://web.archive.org/web/20060824121335/http://www.idlo.int/texts/leg5540.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-08.(French)
- ^ "Constitution de la République du Tchad 1996". Archived from the original on 2006-08-05. http://web.archive.org/web/20060805060334/http://www.cefod.org/Fichiers+web/Constitution+Tchadienne.html. Retrieved 2006-08-08.(French)
- ^ As shown on the seal of the Confederate States of America.
- ^ "Constitution de la République Démocratique du Congo". http://www.presidentrdc.cd/constitution.html. Retrieved 2006-08-08.(French)
- ^ "Constitution de la République du Congo". http://democratie.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/Constitution_de_la_RDC.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-08.(French)
- ^ "La Constitutioni de la République de Côte d'Ivoire". http://www.abidjan.net/gouvernement/constitution.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-08.(French)
- ^ As shown on the obverse of the coins; see "this photo of a 1992 coin". http://www.sonic.net/~figgins/cuba/coin.gif. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
- ^ As shown on the Flag of the president of the Czech Republic
- ^ "Constitution de la République de Djibouti". http://www.adi.dj/constitut/constitut_dj.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-08.(French)
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Dominica". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/dominica.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ Article 93 of "Constitución politica de la Republica Domenica de 2002". http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/DomRep/domrep02.html. Retrieved 2006-08-05.(Spanish)
- ^ "royal.gov.uk - Coats of arms". Archived from the original on 2007-03-10. http://web.archive.org/web/20070310131738/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page5014.asp. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ As shown on the coat of arms.
- ^ "Casa Presidencial - Bandera Nacional de El Salvador". Archived from the original on 2006-08-17. http://web.archive.org/web/20060817052014/http://www.casapres.gob.sv/Simbolos_Patrios/bandera.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-14.(Spanish)
- ^ "Eesti uus tunnuslause on "Heade üllatuste maa"". http://www.postimees.ee/?id=73136. Retrieved 2010-01-23.
- ^ "Constitution of Equatorial Guinea". Archived from the original on 2006-09-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20060916043243/http://guinea-equatorial.com/constitution.asp. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
- ^ "Europa - The symbols of EU". http://europa.eu/abc/symbols/motto/index_en.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
- ^ "National Symbols ) Fiji Government Online". Archived from the original on 2006-10-05. http://web.archive.org/web/20061005042951/http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/national_symbols.shtml. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ Embassy of France in the U.S. - Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood
- ^ "Constitution de la République Gabonaise" (PDF). http://www.accpuf.org/images/pdf/cm/gabon/031-tf-txt_const.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-19.
- ^ "Seatle Gambia Association - Coat of Arms of The Gambia". Archived from the original on 2007-10-07. http://web.archive.org/web/20071007172048/http://www.seagam.org/Coarms.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
- ^ "Republic of Ghana: The Ghana Coat of Arms". Archived from the original on 2006-04-14. http://web.archive.org/web/20060414083128/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/living/coatofarms.php. Retrieved 2006-08-16.
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Grenada". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/grenada.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Banco de Guatemala - Bills and Currency in Current Circulation". http://www.banguat.gob.gt/inc/ver.asp?id=/en/currency%20and%20bills/Monedas%20y%20Billetes%20Translation.htm&e=18108. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
- ^ "OIF - Guinée : Loi fondamentale". http://droit.francophonie.org/doc/html/gn/con/fr/1990/1990dfgncofr1.html. Retrieved 2006-08-22.[dead link](French)
- ^ Article 21 of "Constitution de la Guinée-Bissau". http://www.cmseducation.org/wconsts/guibis.html. Retrieved 2006-08-22.(French)
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Guyana". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/guyana.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Haiti". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/haiti.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Secretaría General del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana - República de Honduras - Simbolos Patrios". http://www.sica.int/miembros/hn/simbolos.aspx?IdEnt=1. Retrieved 2006-08-22.(Spanish)
- ^ "National Portal of India : Know India : National babes". http://india.gov.in/knowindia/state_emblem.php. Retrieved 2006-08-22.
- ^ Article 36A of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
- ^ Encyclopedia of Religious Practices
- ^ Article 18 of the constitution states that "The Official Flag of Iran is composed of green, white, and red colors, with the special emblem of the Islamic Republic, together with the State Motto."
- ^ "Iranian Empire (Pahlavi dynasty): Imperial standards". http://www.fotw.net/flags/ir_imp-i.html. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
- ^ As shown on the flag of Iraq.
- ^ Independence
- ^ As shown on the coat of arms of Kiribati
- ^ "Laos - Foreign Investment Management Cabinet: Politics". http://invest.laopdr.org/politics.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-22.
- ^ "Lesotho Embassy in Washington - Lesotho Fact Sheet". Archived from the original on 2006-09-05. http://web.archive.org/web/20060905083909/http://www.lesothoemb-usa.gov.ls/lesothomap.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-22.
- ^ "Liberian President Sirleaf Addresses Joint Session of Congress". Archived from the original on 2006-08-24. http://web.archive.org/web/20060824163048/http://usinfo.state.gov/af/Archive/2006/Mar/16-300883.html. Retrieved 2006-08-22.
- ^ "Luxembourg Tourist Office in London: Luxembourg - Small and Beautiful". http://www.luxembourg.co.uk/press.html. Retrieved 2006-08-22.
- ^ Article 4 of "Constitution de la République de Madagascar". Archived from the original on 2006-07-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20060716004703/http://www.simicro.mg/hcc/hcc/constitution.html. Retrieved 2006-08-22.(French)
- ^ "Government of Malaysia - Malaysian flag and crest". Archived from the original on 2008-04-11. http://web.archive.org/web/20080411102941/http://www.gov.my/MYGOV/BI/Directory/Government/AboutMsianGov/MsianFlagAndCrest/. Retrieved 2006-08-23.
- ^ Article 25 of "La constitution du Mali" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2006-09-23. http://web.archive.org/web/20060923162643/http://www.justicemali.org/pdf/39-constitution.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-26.(French)
- ^ Article 9 of "Constitution de la Republique islamique de Mauritanie". http://genre.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/Mauritanie_Constitution.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-27.(French)
- ^ "The Republic of Mauritius Web Portal - Coat of Arms". http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/abtmtius?content_id=53690d31693c8010VgnVCM100000ca6a12acRCRD. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ "Monaco en un clin d'œil!". http://www.monte-carlo.mc/index-monaco_montecarlo-fr.html. Retrieved 2006-08-03. (French)
- ^ Gouvernement Du Royaume Du Maroc: Monarchy
- ^ "Namibia in a Nutshell - Symbols". Archived from the original on 2006-08-20. http://web.archive.org/web/20060820231932/http://www.grnnet.gov.na/Nav_frames/Nutshell_launch.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-23.
- ^ a b "The Dutch royal house: The royal coat of arms". Archived from the original on 2006-05-07. http://web.archive.org/web/20060507134647/http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/english/content.jsp?objectid=13335. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "New Zealand Ministry for Culture and heritage - FAQ". http://www.mch.govt.nz/about/faq.html. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
- ^ As shown on the Córdoba (bank notes and coins); see for example Banco Central de Nicaragua
- ^ "Constitution du 18 juillet 1999". http://www.assemblee.ne/texteslegaux/cons99.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-23.(French)
- ^ Article 15 of the "Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-23.
- ^ "Information of Pakistan: Basic Facts". http://www.infopak.gov.pk/BasicFacts.aspx. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ As shown on the Coat of arms of Panama
- ^ "Consulado General de la República del Paraguay". http://www.paraguaysp.com.br/himno.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-26.(Spanish)
- ^ Section 40 of "Republic Act No. 8491: An act prescribing the code of the national flag, anthem, motto, coat-of-arms and other heraldic items and devices of the Philippines" (DOC). Archived from the original on 2006-09-23. http://web.archive.org/web/20060923162644/http://www.gov.ph/aboutphil/RA8491.doc. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ Article 6 of "Constitution de la République du Rwanda". http://democratie.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/Rwanda.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-27.(French)
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - St. Kitts and Nevis". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/st_kitts_nevis.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Saint Lucia". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/saintlucia.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - St. Vincent and the Grenadines". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/st_vincent_grenadines.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Government of Samoa - Crest". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. http://web.archive.org/web/20070928060330/http://www.govt.ws/gi_details.cfm?gi_id=005. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ As shown on the flag of Saudi Arabia.
- ^ "Gouvernement du Sénégal - La Constitution : Titre Premier". Archived from the original on 2006-07-25. http://web.archive.org/web/20060725231741/http://www.gouv.sn/textes/const_detail.cfm?numero=TITREPREMIER. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ "National Constitution of Sierra Leone". http://statehouse-sl.org/constitution/constitution-ii.html. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Embassy of the Republic of South Africa in Washington D.C. - South Africa's Coat of Arms". http://www.saembassy.org/coatofarms.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ a b "Spain: Symbols - The national coat of arms". http://www.la-moncloa.es/IDIOMAS/en-GB/Espana/ElEstado/Simbolos/Elescudo.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ As shown on the Coat of arms of Sudan
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Suriname". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/suriname.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Swaziland National Trust Commission - General Swaziland Information: Social". http://www.sntc.org.sz/tourism/social.asp. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ "Tanzania National website: Country profile". http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profile.html. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ ชนิดา พรหมพยัคฆ์ เผือกสม, การเมืองในประวัติศาสตร์ธงชาติไทย. กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักพิมพ์มติชน, 2546.
- ^ "La constitution togolaise". Archived from the original on 2007-01-04. http://web.archive.org/web/20070104075910/http://www.republicoftogo.com/fr/news/news.asp?newsID=6614. Retrieved 2006-08-27.(French)
- ^ "Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat - Trinidad and Tobago". http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/trinidad_tobago.jsp?menu=community. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- ^ "Site du gouvernement tunisien - Armoiries". Archived from the original on 2006-09-30. http://web.archive.org/web/20060930072642/http://www.ministeres.tn/html/armorie.html. Retrieved 2006-08-23.(French)
- ^ a b "Presidency of the Republic of Turkey". Archived from the original on 2007-01-08. http://web.archive.org/web/20070108161449/http://www.cankaya.gov.tr/eng_html/index.html. Retrieved 2007-01-11.
- ^ "Wikipedia, Turkey". http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey. Retrieved 2007-02-09.
- ^ "Delegation of the European Commission to Uganda". Archived from the original on 2008-01-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20080116013600/http://www.deluga.ec.europa.eu/en/country/index.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
- ^ "Discover Uruguay". http://www.discoveruruguay.com/about_uruguay_general_information.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-28.
- ^ "United Nations Human Rights Website - Core Document Forming Part of the State Parties - Vanuatu". http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/6db3e3f0f763b9a3802565db005e953b?Opendocument. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
National symbols Articles Lists Categories:- Lists of mottos
- Lists of national symbols
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