Cullin

Cullin
structure of the cul1-rbx1-skp1-f boxskp2 scf ubiquitin ligase complex
Identifiers
Symbol	Cullin
Pfam	PF00888
InterPro	IPR001373
PROSITE	PDOC00967
SCOP	1ldj
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Cullin protein neddylation domain
structure of the cul1-rbx1-skp1-f boxskp2 scf ubiquitin ligase complex
Identifiers
Symbol	Cullin_Nedd8
Pfam	PF10557
InterPro	IPR019559
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Cullins are a family of hydrophobic proteins providing a scaffold for ubiquitin ligases (E3). All eukaryotes appear to have cullins. They combine with RING proteins to form Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) that are highly diverse and play a role in a myriad of cellular processes.

Human genome contains seven cullin genes:

• CUL1, part of SCF complex
• CUL2, part of ECS complex (Elongin C - CUL2 - SOCS-box)
• CUL3, part of CUL3-BTB complex
• CUL4A
• CUL4B
• CUL5
• CUL7
• a more distant member called ANAPC2, part of Anaphase-promoting complex

CUL1, 2, 3, 4A, 4B, 5 and 7 each form part of a multi-subunit ubiquitin complex.

Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs), such as Cul1 (SCF) play an essential role in targeting proteins for ubiquitin-mediated destruction; as such, they are diverse in terms of composition and function, regulating many different processes from glucose sensing and DNA replication to limb patterning and circadian rhythms.^[1] The catalytic core of CRLs consists of a RING protein and a cullin family member. For Cul1, the C-terminal cullin-homology domain binds the RING protein. The RING protein appears to function as a docking site for ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s). Other proteins contain a cullin-homology domain, such as the APC2 subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome and the p53 cytoplasmic anchor PARC; both APC2 and PARC have ubiquitin ligase activity. The N-terminal region of cullins is more variable, and is used to interact with specific adaptor proteins.^[2][3][4]

With the exception of APC2, each member of the cullin family is modified by Nedd8 and several cullins function in Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, a process in which the 26S proteasome recognises and subsequently degrades a target protein tagged with K48-linked poly-ubiquitin chains. Nedd8/Rub1 is a small ubiquitin-like protein, which was originally found to be conjugated to Cdc53, a cullin component of the SCF (Skp1-Cdc53/CUL1-F-box protein) E3 Ub ligase complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast), and Nedd8 modification has now emerged as a regulatory pathway of fundamental importance for cell cycle control and for embryogenesis in metazoans. The only identified Nedd8 substrates are cullins. Neddylation results in covalent conjugation of a Nedd8 moiety onto a conserved cullin lysine residue.^[5]

References

1. ^ Kipreos ET, Lander LE, Wing JP, He WW, Hedgecock EM (June 1996). "cul-1 is required for cell cycle exit in C. elegans and identifies a novel gene family". Cell 85 (6): 829–39. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81267-2. PMID 8681378. 
2. ^ Petroski MD, Deshaies RJ (January 2005). "Function and regulation of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases". Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 6 (1): 9–20. doi:10.1038/nrm1547. PMID 15688063. 
3. ^ Zheng N, Schulman BA, Song L, Miller JJ, Jeffrey PD, Wang P, Chu C, Koepp DM, Elledge SJ, Pagano M, Conaway RC, Conaway JW, Harper JW, Pavletich NP (April 2002). "Structure of the Cul1-Rbx1-Skp1-F boxSkp2 SCF ubiquitin ligase complex". Nature 416 (6882): 703–9. doi:10.1038/416703a. PMID 11961546. 
4. ^ Goldenberg SJ, Cascio TC, Shumway SD, Garbutt KC, Liu J, Xiong Y, Zheng N (November 2004). "Structure of the Cand1-Cul1-Roc1 complex reveals regulatory mechanisms for the assembly of the multisubunit cullin-dependent ubiquitin ligases". Cell 119 (4): 517–28. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.019. PMID 15537541. 
5. ^ Pan ZQ, Kentsis A, Dias DC, Yamoah K, Wu K (March 2004). "Nedd8 on cullin: building an expressway to protein destruction". Oncogene 23 (11): 1985–97. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207414. PMID 15021886. 

External links

• Cullin family - Sanger Institute website.
• MeSH Cullin+Proteins

This article includes text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR001373

This article includes text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR019559

This protein-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Protein families Proteins Protein stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую Greg Wood (magician) Ankerville Look at other dictionaries: Cullin — ist der Name von Michel Cullin (* 1944), französischer Politikwissenschaftler Cullin steht für eine Gruppe von Eiweißen, die am Eiweißabbau in Zellen beteiligt sind; siehe Culline Siehe auch: Culling, Cullins …   Deutsch Wikipedia cullin — (= CDC53) Gene family that is involved in cell cycle control and when mutated may contribute to tumour progression. Cullin (cdc53) is part of the SCF ubiquitin protein ligase complex …   Dictionary of molecular biology Cullin-La-Ringo massacre — The Cullin La Ringo massacre, which occurred in central Queensland on 17 October 1861, was the largest massacre of white settlers by Aborigines in Australia[1]. Of a travelling party led by Horatio Wills, nineteen of the twenty five members were… …   Wikipedia cullin — noun Any of a family of proteins that have a role in protein degradation and ubiquitinylation …   Wiktionary Cullin — This very interesting name has three distinct possible sources, and may be English, Scottish, or Irish in origin. As an English surname Cullen is locational, and a dialectal variant of Cologne, the Rhineland city so called from the Old French… …   Surnames reference Cullin-la-ringo — /ˈkʌlən lə ˌrɪŋgoʊ/ (say kuluhn luh .ringgoh) noun a cattle station in central Qld which was the site of a massacre of white people by Aboriginal people in 1861 …   Mitch Cullin — Born March 23, 1968 (1968 03 23) (age 43) Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States Occupation novelist, short story writer, photographer, documentary producer Nati …   Wikipedia Michel Cullin — (* 17. September 1944 in Paris) ist „Maître de conférences“ an der Universität Nizza und Direktor der Abteilung für französisch österreichischen Beziehungen an der Diplomatischen Akademie Wien. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Auszeichnungen 3… …   Deutsch Wikipedia Michel Cullin — (* September 17, 1944 in Paris) is „Maître de conférences“ at the University of Nice and director of French Austrian relations at the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna.[1] Life After he earned his degrees in political science and German studies (1962… …   Wikipedia Mitch Cullin — (né le 23 mars 1968 à Santa Fe au Nouveau Mexique) est un écrivain américain. Il est l auteur de sept romans et d un recueil de nouvelles. Il réside à Arcadia (Californie) et à Tokyo (Japon) avec son partenaire et fréquent collaborateur Peter I.… …   Wikipédia en Français 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”