King County, Washington

For other uses, see King County (disambiguation).

King County, Washington
Flag Logo
Location in the state of Washington
Washington's location in the U.S.
Founded	December 22, 1852
Named for	William Rufus King (1852 - 1986) Martin Luther King, Jr. (1986 - Present)
Seat	Seattle
Area  - Total  - Land  - Water	2,307 sq mi (5,975 km²) 2,126 sq mi (5,506 km²) 180 sq mi (466 km²), 7.82%
Population  - (2010)  - Density	1,931,249 908/sq mi (350.7/km²)
Time zone	Pacific: UTC-8/-7

King County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. The population in the 2010 census was 1,931,249. King is the most populous county in Washington, and the 14th most populous in the United States.

The county seat is Seattle, which is the state's largest city. About two-thirds of the county's population lives in the city's suburbs. King County ranks among the 100 highest-income counties in the United States.

Etymology

The county was originally named after William Rufus King who was Vice-President when the Washington Territory was created. In 1986 a motion was introduced by Ron Sims (a black Democrat from Seattle), and Bruce Laing (a white Republican from suburban Renton) to rename the county after Martin Luther King, Jr.^[1] No public hearings or votes were taken on the change.^[2]

On February 24, 1986, the King County Council passed Council Motion 6461 five votes to four setting forth the historical basis for the renaming of King County in honor of Martin Luther King, Jr.^[3] Because only the state can charter counties, this change was not made official until April 19, 2005, when Washington Governor Christine Gregoire signed Senate Bill 5332 into law.

Council member Larry Gossett shepherded the County Council to a public vote on February 27, 2006 to change the county's logo from a royal crown to an image of King's face.^[4] On March 12, 2007, the new logo was unveiled.^[5]

Martin Luther King Jr. visited King county for two days in November, 1961.^[6]

History

The county was formed out of territory within Thurston County on December 22, 1852, by the Oregon Territory legislature, and was named after Alabama resident William R. King, Vice President under President Franklin Pierce. Seattle was made the county seat on January 11, 1853.^[6][7]

King County originally extended to the Olympic Peninsula. According to historian Bill Speidel, when peninsular prohibitionists threatened to shut down Seattle's saloons, Doc Maynard engineered a peninsular independence movement; King County lost what is now Kitsap County, but preserved its entertainment industry.^[8]

Government

The present King County Courthouse (2007).

The King County Executive, currently Dow Constantine, heads the county's executive branch. The King County Prosecutor, Dan Satterberg, Elections Director, Sheriff, and the King County Assessor are also elected executive positions. Judicial power is vested in the King County Superior Court and the King County District Court. Seattle houses the King County Courthouse.

King County is represented in the United States Congress through the Washington 7th Congressional District and parts of the 1st, 2nd, 8th, and 9th districts. In the state legislature, King contains the entirety of the 5th, 11th, 33rd, 34th, 36th, 37th, 41st, 43rd, 45th, 46th, 47th, and 48th legislative districts as well as parts of the 1st, 25th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, and 39th districts.

The people of King County voted on September 5, 1911 to create a Port District. King County's Port of Seattle was established as the first Port District in Washington State. The Port of Seattle is King County's only Port District. It is governed by five Port Commissioners, who are elected countywide and serve four-year terms. Now in its 100th year, the Port of Seattle owns and operates many properties on behalf of King County's citizens, including Sea-Tac International Airport; many seaport facilities around Elliott Bay, including its original property, publicly owned Fishermen's Terminal, home to the North Pacific fishing fleet and the largest homeport for fishermen in the U.S. West Coast;^{[citation needed]} four container ship terminals; two cruise ship terminals; the largest grain export terminal in the U.S. Pacific Northwest; three public marinas; 22 public parks; and nearly 5,000 acres of industrial lands in the Ballard-Interbay and Lower Duwamish industrial centers.

Council members

District 1 – Bob Ferguson District 2 – Larry Gossett District 3 – Kathy Lambert

District 4 – Larry Phillips District 5 – Julia Patterson District 6 – Jane Hague

District 7 – Pete von Reichbauer District 8 – Joe McDermott District 9 – Reagan Dunn

Politics

Presidential Election Results

Year	Democrat	Republican
2008	70.30% 648,230	28.17% 259,716
2004	64.95% 580,378	33.69% 301,043
2000	60.02% 476,700	34.40% 273,171
1996	56.38% 417,846	31.41% 232,811
1992	50.23% 391,050	27.36% 212,986
1988	53.88% 349,663	44.78% 290,574
1984	46.71% 298,620	52.09% 332,987
1980	39.16% 235,046	45.42% 272,567
1976	45.20% 248,743	50.80% 279,382
1972	40.1% 212,509	56.4% 298,707
1968	47.1% 223,469	46.0% 218,457
1964	59.5% 268,216	39.4% 177,598
1960	47.4% 208,756	50.8% 224,150

King County, which includes Seattle, is a major center for liberal politics and is a bastion for the Democratic Party. In the 2008 election, Barack Obama defeated John McCain in the county by 40%, a larger margin than any previous election. King County has also been the deciding factor for the Democrats in a few recent close statewide elections. In 2000, it was King County that pushed Maria Cantwell's total over that of incumbent Republican Slade Gorton, winning her a seat in the United States Senate. In 2004, King County gave a lead to Democrat Christine Gregoire in the second recount in the state's razor-thin governor's race, pushing her ahead of Republican Dino Rossi, who led by 261 votes after the initial count.^[9] Dino Rossi resided in the county at the time of the election in Sammamish.

The suburbs east and south of Seattle have historically tended to be moderate. In the 2005 County Executive race, Republican David Irons beat Democrat Ron Sims outside of Seattle (which voted 74% for Sims), but in 2004, John Kerry received landslide victories in much of the Bellevue and Redmond areas. Generally the suburbs are becoming more liberal on the state and county levels.

In 2004, voters passed a referendum reducing the size of the County Council from 13 members to 9. This resulted in all council seats ending up on the 2005 ballot.

Some residents of eastern King County have long desired to secede and form their own county. This movement was most vocal in the mid-1990s (see Cedar County, Washington).^[10][11] It has recently been revived as Cascade County.^[12] According to a map published by the Seattle Times,^[13] four different geographic borders are being considered. Additional plans (see Skykomish County, Washington) also exist or have existed.

Geography

Map of King County

King County has nearly twice the land area of the state of Rhode Island. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,307 square miles (5,975.1 km²). It is the 11th largest county in Washington (of 39) by area. 2,126 square miles (5,506.3 km²) is land and 180 square miles (466.2 km²) is water. 7.82% of the total area is water. The highest point in the county is Mount Daniel at 2426 meters (7,959 feet) above sea level.

King County borders Snohomish County to the north, Kitsap County to the west, Kittitas County to the east, and Pierce County to the south. It also shares a small border with Chelan County to the northeast. King County includes Vashon Island and Maury Island in Puget Sound.

Geographic features

The Cascade Range (including Granite Mountain shown here) dominates the eastern part of King County.

Terrain

• Cascade Range
• Issaquah Alps
• Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest
• Mount Daniel, the highest point
• Mount Si
• Harbor Island
• Maury Island
• Mercer Island
• Sammamish Plateau
• Vashon Island

Water

• Cedar River
• Green/Duwamish River
• Elliott Bay
• Greenwater River
• Tolt River
• Issaquah Creek
• Lake Sammamish
• Lake Washington
• Lake Youngs
• Pratt River
• Puget Sound
• Raging River
• Snoqualmie River
• Taylor River
• White River

Major highways

• Interstate 5
• Interstate 90
• Interstate 405
• U.S. Route 2
• State Route 18
• State Route 99
• State Route 520
• State Route 167

Adjacent counties

• Snohomish County, Washington - north
• Chelan County, Washington - east/northeast
• Kittitas County, Washington - east/southeast
• Pierce County, Washington - south
• Kitsap County, Washington - west

National protected areas

• Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park (part, also in Skagway, Alaska)
• Snoqualmie National Forest (part)

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1860	302		—
1870	2,120		602.0%
1880	6,910		225.9%
1890	63,989		826.0%
1900	110,053		72.0%
1910	284,638		158.6%
1920	389,273		36.8%
1930	463,517		19.1%
1940	504,980		8.9%
1950	732,992		45.2%
1960	935,014		27.6%
1970	1,156,633		23.7%
1980	1,269,749		9.8%
1990	1,507,319		18.7%
2000	1,737,034		15.2%
2010	1,931,249		11.2%
Est. 2011	1,942,600		11.8%

As of the census^[14] of 2010, there were 1,931,249 people, 710,916 households, and 420,151 families residing in the county. The population density was 817 people per square mile (315/km²). There were 742,237 housing units at an average density of 349 per square mile (135/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 68.7% White, 6.2% Black or African American, 0.8% Native American, 14.6% Asian, 0.8% Pacific Islander, and 5.0% from two or more races. 8.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 13.2% were of German, 9.1% English, 8.3% Irish and 5.5% Norwegian ancestry according to Census 2000. 81.7% spoke English, 4.2% Spanish, 2.3% Chinese (incl. all variations), 1.5% Vietnamese, 1.3% Tagalog, and 1.0% Korean as their first language.

There were 710,916 households out of which 28.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.40% were married couples living together, 9.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.90% were non-families. 30.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the county, the population was spread out with 22.50% under the age of 18, 9.30% from 18 to 24, 34.70% from 25 to 44, 23.10% from 45 to 64, and 10.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 99.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.30 males.

The center of population of Washington in the year 2000 was located in the city of Enumclaw, in King County.^[15]

The median income for a household in the county was $53,157, and the median income for a family was $66,035 (these figures had risen to $64,915 and $82,879 respectively as of a 2007 estimate).^[16] Males had a median income of $45,802 versus $34,321 for females. The per capita income for the county was $29,521. About 5.30% of families and 8.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.40% of those under age 18 and 7.40% of those age 65 or over.

Census-recognized communities

See also Cities in King County.

Incorporated areas

Algona Auburn (partial) Beaux Arts Village Bellevue Black Diamond Bothell (partial) Burien Carnation Clyde Hill Covington Des Moines Duvall Enumclaw

Federal Way Hunts Point Issaquah Kenmore Kent Kirkland Lake Forest Park Maple Valley Medina Mercer Island Milton (partial) Newcastle Normandy Park

North Bend Pacific (partial) Redmond Renton Sammamish SeaTac Seattle Shoreline Skykomish Snoqualmie Tukwila Woodinville Yarrow Point

Census-designated places (CDPs)

Ames Lake Baring Bryn Mawr-Skyway Cascade-Fairwood Cottage Lake East Hill-Meridian East Renton Highlands Eastgate Fall City

Hobart Inglewood-Finn Hill Kingsgate Lake Marcel-Stillwater Lake Morton-Berrydale Lakeland North Lakeland South Maple Heights-Lake Desire

Mirrormont Ravensdale Riverbend Riverton-Boulevard Park Tanner Union Hill-Novelty Hill Vashon West Lake Sammamish White Center

Other communities

This list may contain communities located entirely within incorporated cities, towns, or CDPs, which should be removed.

Avondale Bayne Bitter Lake Burton Cedar Falls Cumberland Denny Creek Dockton Duwamish Earlmount East Union Ernie's Grove Fairwood Four Corners Garcia

Grotto Hazelwood Houghton Juanita Kanaskat Kangley Lake Alice Lake Joy Lake Sawyer McMicken Heights Morganville Naco Newport Hills

North City Palmer Portage Preston Queensgate Richmond Beach Richmond Highlands Selleck Shorewood Spring Glen Sylvan Beach Tahlequah Totem Lake Wabash Wilderness Village Woodmont Beach

Ghost towns

Franklin Hot Springs

Krain Lester Nagrom

Osceola Wellington Weston

Schools

Auburn School District Bellevue School District Enumclaw School District Federal Way School District Highline School District Issaquah School District

Kent School District Lake Washington School District Mercer Island School District Northshore School District Renton School District Riverview School District

Seattle Public Schools Shoreline School District Snoqualmie Valley School District Tahoma School District Tukwila School District

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in King County, Washington

Seattle portal

References

1. ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hw4VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2AIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5259,1151250&dq=king-county+william+martin+luther&hl=en
2. ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=NccSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uPkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5942,1844333&dq=king-county+william+martin+luther&hl=en
3. ^ Sims, Ron. "Motion redesignating King County's name". http://www.metrokc.gov/exec/mlk/motion.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-24. 
4. ^ Ervin, Keith (February 28, 2006). "Former governor now opposing WASL test for diploma". The Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002833481_mlk28m.html 
5. ^ "Executive praises County Council for approval of new logo". 2007-12-29. http://www.metrokc.gov/exec/news/2007/0312logo.aspx. 
6. ^ ^{a b} "Martin Luther King's Controversial Visit to Seattle: Rev. Samuel B. McKinney Tells the Story". The Daily. 2000-01-06. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/mlkvisit.htm. 
7. ^ Reinartz, Kay. "History of King County Government 1853–2002". http://www.metrokc.gov/kc150/historical%20overview.pdf. Retrieved 2007-12-29. 
8. ^ Bill Speidel, Doc Maynard, The Man Who Invented Seattle (Seattle: Nettle Creek Publishing Co., 1978) (ISBN 0-914890-02-6).
9. ^ The Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002094147_gov18m.html. 
10. ^ King County Journal: Proposal would ease creation of new county
11. ^ King County Journal: Calls for new county intensify - Rural rage revives drive to escape Seattle influence
12. ^ Cascadecounty.org
13. ^ Cascade County (GIF)
14. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
15. ^ Census.gov
16. ^ King County, Washington - Fact Sheet - American FactFinder

External links

• King County website
• King country Sheriff
• King County Property Parcel Viewer
• King County Snapshots presents King County, Washington, through 12,000 historical images carefully chosen from twelve cultural heritage organizations' collections. These catalogued 19th and 20th century images portray people, places, and events in the county's urban, suburban, and rural communities.

Coordinates: 47°28′N 121°50′W / 47.47°N 121.84°W / 47.47; -121.84