Port Townsend, Washington

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Port Townsend, Washington
settlement_type = City
nickname =
motto =

imagesize = 250px
image_caption = The heart of downtown Port Townsend, seen from the water


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mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Port Townsend, Washington


mapsize1 =
map_caption1 =

subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Washington
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Jefferson

government_footnotes =
government_type =
leader_title =
leader_name =
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
established_title =
established_date =

unit_pref = Imperial
area_footnotes =

area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 24.5
area_land_km2 = 18.1
area_water_km2 = 6.4
area_total_sq_mi = 9.5
area_land_sq_mi = 7.0
area_water_sq_mi = 2.5

population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_total = 8334
population_density_km2 = 460.1
population_density_sq_mi = 1191.8

timezone = Pacific (PST)
utc_offset = -8
timezone_DST = PDT
utc_offset_DST = -7
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 40
elevation_ft = 131

postal_code_type = ZIP code
postal_code = 98368
area_code = 360
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 53-55855GR|2
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 1524589GR|3
website =
footnotes = Infobox_nrhp | name =Port Townsend Historic District
nrhp_type = nhld


caption =
location= Roughly bounded by Scott, Blaine, Walker, and Taft Sts., and the Waterfront, Port Townsend, Washington
locmapin = Washington
area = 200 acres
built =1858
architect= Unknown
architecture= Mid 19th Century Revival, Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian
designated= May 5, 1977cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1672&ResourceType=District
title=Port Townsend |accessdate=2008-06-25|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service]
added = May 17, 1976cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2008-04-15|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service]
governing_body = Local
refnum=76001883

Port Townsend is a city in Jefferson County, Washington, United States. The town is just north of Quilcene. The population was 8,334 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat and only incorporated city of Jefferson CountyGR|6. In addition to its natural scenery at the northeast tip of the Olympic Peninsula, the city is also known for the many Victorian buildings remaining from its late 19th-century heyday, numerous annual cultural events, and as a maritime center for independent boatbuilders and related industries and crafts. The Port Townsend Historic District is a U.S. National Historic Landmark District.

History

The bay was originally named "Port Townshend" by Captain George Vancouver (for his friend the Marquis of Townshend) in 1792, Port Townsend was immediately recognized as a good, safe harbor although strong south winds and poor holding ground often make small craft anchorage problematic off the town's waterfront. The bay is now home to Naval Magazine Indian Island, the U. S. Navy's primary explosives shipping point on the Pacific coast.

The official settlement of the city of the same name took place on the 24th of April, 1851. American Indian tribes located in what is now Jefferson County in the mid-19th century included the Chemakum (or Chimacum), Hoh (a group of the Quileute), Klallam (or Clallam), Quinault and Twana (the Kilcid band — Anglicized: Quilcene).

Port Townsend is also called the "City of Dreams" because of the early speculation that the city would be the largest harbor on the west coast of the United States.

By the late 1800s Port Townsend was a well-known seaport, very active and banking on the future. Many homes and buildings were built during that time, with most of the architecture ornate Victorian.

Railroads were built to reach more areas in the 1870-1890s and Port Townsend was to be the northwest extension of the rail lines. Its port was large and frequented by overseas vessels, so shipping of goods and timber from the area was a major part of the economy. Many of the buildings were built on the speculation that Port Townsend would become a booming shipping port and major city. When the depression hit, those plans lost the capital to continue and rail lines ended on the east side of Puget Sound, mainly in Tumwater, Tacoma and Seattle. With the other Puget Sound ports growing in size, Port Townsend saw a rapid decline in population when the Northern Pacific Railroad failed to connect the city to the eastern Puget Sound city of Tacoma. By the late 1890s the boom was over. Without the railroad to spur economic growth, the town shrank and investors looked elsewhere to make a good return.

Many people left the area and many buildings were abandoned. Port Townsend's economy was very weak until the 1920s when a paper mill was built on the edge of the town. The town experienced a renaissance beginning in the 1970s as new residents, including many retirees, moved to town. Because of the speed at which the economy fell in the 1890s and the non-existence of any industry or economy to replace it, none of the Victorian buildings were torn down or built over in the intervening period. They were in essence preserved as time capsules for the next 100 years when the value of keeping them intact was appreciated and fostered.

The Port Townsend Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, and further was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1977.citation|title=PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/76001883.pdf National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Port Townsend Historic District] |32 KB|date=1977-02-18 |author=Carolyn Pitts |publisher=National Park Service and PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/76001883.pdf "Accompanying 37 photos, from 1965 and 1975"] |32 KB] It includes three separately listed Registered Historic Places: the Capt. Enoch S. Fowler House, the Rothschild House, and the St. Paul's Episcopal Church.

Over the decades that followed, Port Townsend maintained its economic stability in a variety of ways, including the development of artillery fortifications at Fort Worden. Currently, it is most famous economically for the jazz workshop that is held there every summer. As part of the workshop, famous jazz musicians play all week in the Port Townsend clubs and bars, drawing many tourists to the area.

Architecture

Port Townsend is noted for a vast collection of Victorian homes and significant historical buildings. The city has more than a dozen larger buildings that are well preserved, including the Carnegie Library, the Federal Building (now commonly known simply as the city's post office), the Rose Theatre and the Elks Lodge, which now houses Silverwater Cafe. There is also Fort Worden with its pre-World War I architecture including the publicly accessible Olympic Youth Hostel. Perhaps the most stunning historical structure in Port Townsend is the Jefferson County Courthouse, a spectacular representation of the Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style.

In 1976, the Downtown waterfront and parts of Uptown were designated a Registered Historic District. Later, Fort Worden (now part of Fort Worden State Park) and the City of Port Townsend were designated National Historic Landmarks. The city is further recognized as one of only three Victorian seaports on the National Register of Historic Places.fact|date=June 2008 , and was also used to summon volunteers and alert townspeople of any fires during late 1800s early gold rush days.

Culture

The sign entering town calls Port Townsend a "Victorian Seaport and Arts Community." Port Townsend is host to several annual events such as the Wooden Boat Festival [http://www.woodenboat.org/festival/] [http://www.ptkineticrace.org/ Kinetic Skulpture Race] , and the annual blues and jazz festival.

Boating and maritime life are central cultural elements in this port town, with regattas, weekly races and a multitude of recreational opportunities. The marine trades industry is an anchor economic driver for the community, with highly skilled, world-renowned trades people. The port is home to many classic wooden boats, and gets visits from many others seeking repairs.

By and large an artist haven, downtown there are many galleries and two artist collectives [http://www.ptguide.com/arts/gallery.html] . There is a strong monthly Arts Walk and a plethora of classes, workshop and trainings. Port Townsend has also been the birthplace to many talented Rock, Hip-Hop & alternative artists. Notable acts in the past decade include the Hollowpoints, Waiting for the Sun, Brett Pemberton, The Planets, Isaac Rubio, and other youth-created bands in the humble town, some inspired by the original leaders of Jefferson county grunge: Circle of Fear. Notable advocates of the recent young alternative music scene: Folk Blade, Team Eagle, Observer Effect, The Mages Guild, New Faces, Zip Locc, Kit & Katie Benge, and other extremely dedicated, local concert promoters.

[http://www.rosetheatre.com The Rose Theatre] is a cinema downtown which shows contemporary American and foreign films. The Boiler Room [http://www.ptboilerroom.com] supports the expression and activities of youth. Centrum (arts organization) is a culture and art organization that hosts a multitude of workshops at Fort Worden State Park. Copper Canyon Press, the poetry press, is located here.

Geography

Port Townsend is located at coor dms|48|6|59|N|122|46|31|W|city (48.116514, -122.775254)GR|1. It is situated at the extreme northeastern end of the Olympic Peninsula, on the north end of a large, semi-protected bay. Port Townsend is adjacent to the Admiralty Inlet and a trio of State Parks built on retired artillery installations (Fort Worden, Fort Casey, and Fort Flagler).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.4 square miles (24.5 km²), of which, 7.0 square miles (18.1 km²) of it is land and 2.5 square miles (6.4 km²) of it (26.03%) is water.

In addition to road links to the south and west, Port Townsend is accessible via ferry from the Washington State Ferry system, which links Port Townsend with the Keystone ferry terminal on Whidbey Island, on the east side of Puget Sound.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 8,334 people, 3,917 households, and 2,201 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,191.8 people per square mile (460.3/km²). There were 4,250 housing units at an average density of 607.8/sq mi (234.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 93.27% White, 0.58% African American, 1.25% Native American, 1.27% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 0.89% from other races, and 2.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.30% of the population.

There were 3,917 households out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.8% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.67. 205 of these households were on the waiting list of the Housing Choice Voucher Program as of 2003.

In the city the population was spread out with 19.6% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 32.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females there were 85.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,536, and the median income for a family was $47,027. Males had a median income of $38,013 versus $27,753 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,395. About 8.9% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

Port Townsend operates with a Council/Manager form of government. Administrative offices are located in the recently renovated City Hall Building on Water Street in downtown Port Townsend.

Media

* "Peninsula Daily News--Port Townsend/Jefferson County Edition" [http://www.peninsuladailynews.com/]
* "Port Townsend & Jefferson County Leader" [http://www.ptleader.com/]
* "Liberty Magazine" (founded by R. W. Bradford in 1987)

Sister city

Port Townsend is twinned with Ichikawa, Japan. A group of local students participate in an exchange with this city during the summer.

The Port Townsend Sister Cities Friends is currently exploring the possibility of adding another sister city.

According to the Washington State Lieutenant Governor's website [cite web
url=http://www.ltgov.wa.gov/International/Washington%20Organizations/Sisters/
title=Sister Relationships] , Port Townsend also has a sister city relationship with Jalapa, Nicaragua, though the city's website [cite web
url=http://www.cityofpt.us/SisterCity/SisterCityWhereInTheWorld.asp
title=Where In The World] does not reflect this.

References

External links

*City of Port Townsend Official Website: http://www.cityofpt.us/
*Guide to Port Townsend: http://www.ptguide.com/
*Naval Magazine Indian Island http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/indian-island.htm
*Northwest Maritime Center Programs http://www.woodenboat.org/programs/
*Port Townsend Washington.mobi: http://porttownsendwashington.mobi/ Mobile city guide for Port Townsend accommodations, real estate etc.
*Live Port Townsend Web Camera: http://www.cityofpt.us/webcam/outsidecam.asp
*Washington State Ferries: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/
*Port Townsend Then and Now: http://porttownsendthenandnow.com/
* [http://content.lib.washington.edu/cmpweb/index.html University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – The Pacific Northwest Olympic Peninsula Community Museum] A web-based museum showcasing aspects of the rich history and culture of Washington State's Olympic Peninsula communities. Features cultural exhibits, curriculum packets and a searchable archive of over 12,000 items that includes historical photographs, audio recordings, videos, maps, diaries, reports and other documents.
* [http://www.jchswa.org Jefferson County Historical Society Research Center] A searchable, online collection of 49,000 records maintained by the Jefferson County museum and research center, whose mission is to actively discover, collect, preserve, and promote the heritage of Jefferson County in the State of Washington.