Aberdeen, Washington

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Aberdeen, Washington
settlement_type = City
nickname =
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mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Aberdeen in Grays Harbor County, Washington


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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Washington
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Grays Harbor

government_footnotes =
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unit_pref = Imperial
area_footnotes =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 31.5
area_land_km2 = 27.5
area_water_km2 = 4.0
area_total_sq_mi = 12.2
area_land_sq_mi = 10.6
area_water_sq_mi = 1.6

population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_total = 16461
population_density_km2 = 598.0
population_density_sq_mi = 1548.8

timezone = Pacific (PST)
utc_offset = -8
timezone_DST = PDT
utc_offset_DST = -7
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 7
elevation_ft = 23
latd = 46 |latm = 58 |lats = 33 |latNS = N
longd = 123 |longm = 49 |longs = 7 |longEW = W

postal_code_type = ZIP code
postal_code = 98520
area_code = 360
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 53-00100GR|2
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 1511950GR|3
website =
footnotes = in Aberdeen, installed by the Kurt Cobain Memorial Committee. "Come as You Are" is a song by Nirvana.] Aberdeen (pronEng|ˈæbɚdiːn) is a city in Grays Harbor County, Washington, United States, founded by Samuel Benn in 1884. Aberdeen was officially incorporated on May 12, 1890. The city is the economic center of Grays Harbor County, bordering the cities of Hoquiam and Cosmopolis. Aberdeen is called the "Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula," but it is more famous as being the "Birthplace of Grunge," and the hometown of Nirvana members, Kurt Cobain and Krist Novoselic. The population was 16,461 at the 2000 census, but has risen since then.

History

Aberdeen was named for a local salmon cannery, a namesake of Aberdeen, Scotland, because it is situated at the mouth of two rivers just like a cannery in Aberdeen, Scotland. Although it became the largest and best known city in Grays Harbor, Aberdeen lagged behind neighbors Hoquiam and Cosmopolis in the early years. When A.J. West built the town's first sawmill in 1884, the other two municipalities had been in business for several years. Aberdeen and its neighborsvied to be the terminus for Northern Pacific Railroad, but instead of ending at one of the established mill towns, the railroad skimmed through Cosmopolis and headed west for Ocosta. Hoquiam and Aberdeen citizens banded together to build a spur; and in 1895, the line connected Northern Pacific tracks to Aberdeen.

By 1900, Aberdeen was considered one of the grittiest towns on the West CoastFact|date=September 2007, with many saloons, whorehouses, and gambling establishments populating the area. Aberdeen was nicknamed "The Hellhole of the Pacific", or "The Port of Missing Men", because of its high murder rate. One notable resident was Billy Gohl, known locally as Billy "Ghoul", who was rumored to have killed at least 140 men. (Gohl was convicted of 2 murders [ [http://www2.tacomapubliclibrary.org/v2/nwroom/morgan/Gohl.htm Library Page] retrieved 6th September 2007] [ [http://www.crimelife.com/killers/gohl.html Site on crime] retrieved 6th September 2007] )

During the Great Depression, Aberdeen was hit hard, reducing the number of major saw mills from 37 to 9. Mill owners hired Filipino and Jewish immigrants to keep wages low in order to stay in business Who|date=September 2007. The timber industry continued to boom, but by the late 1970s most of the timber had been logged. Most of the mills were closing down by the 1970s and 1980s.

Salmon runs dwindled as spawning grounds were destroyed and rivers filled with silt. The Satsop Nuclear Plant was built in 1978, creating thousands of construction jobs with the promise of permanent employment once the plant was complete. The project was aborted in 1982, doubling the unemployment rate almost overnight. Recently a local sawmill was shut down, causing the community to lose 342 more jobs. However, a new biodiesel plant has opened on the Aberdeen / Hoquiam border, bringing 80 jobs into the community, and a huge pontoon construction project was just awarded to neighboring Hoquiam.

Aberdeen is also the home port of the tall ship "Lady Washington," a reproduction of a smaller vessel used by the explorer Captain Robert Gray, featured in the "Pirates of the Caribbean" film (2003).

In the popular online video game World of Warcraft, the region of Darkshore contains the harbor town of Auberdine, a seemingly obvious reference to Aberdeen.Fact|date=August 2008

Education

The city's school district has two high schools: J. M. Weatherwax High School, or Aberdeen High School as it is now called, and Harbor High School, an alternative high school with an enrollment exceeding 200 students. Aberdeen High has a long time school sports rivalry with nearby Hoquiam High School. Their 100^th football game was played on September 17, 2005, with thousands of community members in attendance. Hoquiam won that game.

In 2002, the Weatherwax building of Aberdeen High School, built in 1909, burned to the ground. The new building was completed in 2007 and held its grand opening on August 25, 2007.

Aberdeen School District also consists of one junior high: Miller Junior High; 5 elementary schools: Central Park Elementary, McDermoth Elementary, Stevens Elementary, AJ West Elementary and Robert Gray Elementary; and 1 Roman Catholic parochial school: St. Mary's Catholic School.

Aberdeen is home to Grays Harbor College, located in south Aberdeen, and is represented by the Charlie Choker mascot. In January 2007, the college completed the Jewell C Manspeaker building to replace older classrooms. The college emphasizes student opportunities, and has resources to help students transfer to a four year college to complete a degree.

Famous people

Robert Motherwell, painter; Douglas Osheroff Nobel-winning physicist; Eric Edens, Chemist; Lee Friedlander, photographer; Trisha Brown,choreographer; Elton Benn

Rock musicians

Aberdeen is best known, however, for producing seminal grunge and punk rock bands and musicians such as
Nirvana including Kurt Cobain, and Dale Crover of The Melvins. Some of Cobain's lyrics, in songs such as "Something in the Way" and parts of the "Bleach" album referred to locations within the town.

Industry

Despite attempts to diversify the local economy, Aberdeen and the rest of Grays Harbor remain dependent on the timber and fishing industries.

On December 19, 2005, Weyerhaeuser closed the Aberdeen large-log sawmill, and would close the Cosmopolis pulp mill in early 2006. This resulted in the loss of at least 342 jobs. Many employees were not told by Weyerhaueser management, but learned about the closures from local radio stations who received a press release prior to a scheduled press conference.

Employers on the Harbor include locally-owned Grays Harbor Paper L.P., The Westport Shipyard, Sierra Pacific, The Simpson Door Co., Dead End Street, LLC, Hoquiam Plywood, the Stafford Creek Corrections Center, a state prison which opened in 2000, and Safe Harbor Technology, a technical support center.

Other major employers include the cranberry-growing cooperative Ocean Spray, worldwide retailer Wal-Mart and Washington Crab Products.

In 2007, Imperium Renewables of Seattle invested $40 million in the construction of the biodiesel plant at the Port of Grays Harbor. It is estimated the plant will produce as much as 100 million gallons of biodiesel fuel made from plants and vegetable material annually.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 16,461 people, 6,517 households, and 4,112 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,548.8 people per square mile (597.9/km²). There were 7,536 housing units at an average density of 709.1/sq mi (273.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 84.87% White, 0.47% African American, 3.70% Native American, 2.10% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 5.15% from other races, and 3.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.22% of the population. 16.4% were of German, 9.3% English, 9.3% American, 8.7% Irish and 5.9% Norwegian ancestry according to Census 2000. 90.2% spoke English and 7.7% Spanish as their first language.

There were 6,517 households out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the city the population was spread out with 26.8% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,683, and the median income for a family was $37,966. Males had a median income of $32,710 versus $20,446 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,092. About 16.1% of families and 22.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.7% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

ister Cities

Aberdeen has the following sister cities, according to Washington State Lieutenant Governor Brad Owen's website. [http://www.ltgov.wa.gov/International/Washington%20Organizations/Sisters/] :

*flagicon|Japan Hakui, Ishikawa, Japan
*flagicon|Japan Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan

References

* Ed Van Syckle, "The River Pioneers," Pacific Search Press, 1982.
* Ed Van Syckle, "They Tried to Cut It All," Pacific Search Press, 1980.
* Murray Morgan, "The Last Wilderness," Viking Press, 1955.
* Anne Cotton, "The History of Aberdeen," Grays Harbor Regional Planning Commission, 1982.
* John C. Hughes & Ryan Teague Beckwith, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Nbg1nGp9UrIC&dq=ryan+teague+beckwith "On the Harbor: From Black Friday to Nirvana,"] Stephens Press, LLC. 2005.
* Jeff Burlingame, "Kurt Cobain: 'Oh Well, Whatever, Nevermind'" Enslow Publishers, 2006.

External links

* [http://www.aberdeeninfo.com/ Official city website]
*
* [http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/senapa/album/46876/ Photo Gallery of the Aberdeen]