List of Christmas dishes

List of Christmas dishes
An oven-roasted brine-soaked turkey.

This page is a list of Christmas dishes as eaten around the world. These food items are traditionally eaten at or associated with the Christmas season.

Contents

Australia

candy canes

Belgium

  • cougnou (with various like cougnolle), sweet bread in the form of the infant Jesus[4]

Brazil

Canada

Gingerbread house

Chile

Pan de pascua

Colombia

Colombian Buñuelos
Colombian natilla

Colombian Christmas dishes are mostly sweets and desserts. Some of the most popular dishes include:

Cuba

  • Crema De Vie - Cuban eggnog, made with condensed milk, rum, sugar syrup, lemon rind, cinnamon, and egg yolk.
  • majarete - corn pudding made with coconut milk, fresh corn, cornstarch, milk, water, vanilla, cinnamon and sugar
  • Platillo Moros y Cristianos
  • lechon asado

Czech Republic

Christmas cookies (vánoční cukroví)
  • vánoční rybí polévka - Christmas fish soup
  • carp
  • potato salad with mayonnaise, hard-boiled eggs and boiled vegetables
  • vánoční cukroví - Christmas cookies
  • fruitcake
  • gingerbread

The traditional meal (served as dinner on Christmas Eve) consists of either fish soup or pea soup and fried fish (traditionally carp) served with potato salad. The recipe for potato salad differs slightly among every Czech family. The main ingredients are: potato cooked with jacket, canned peas, onions, cooked carrots, parsley and celery, pickled gherkins, cooked eggs and mayonnaise. Some families may add grated apples or salami. The best potato salad is prepared a day before Christmas Eve so that all the ingredients can "mellow" for a day. The Christmas dinner should be the first food consumed that day. Those who do not break the Christmas shrove are believed to be able to see a golden pig on a wall.

Before the Christmas holidays, many kinds of sweet biscuits are prepared. Traditionally, the more kinds the housewife prepares, the greater appreciation she gets. The Christmas cookies are then served during the whole Christmas period and exchanged among friends and neighbours. Very popular is also a preparation of small ginger breads garnished by sugar icing.

Denmark

Danish Christmas meal
Main article: Cuisine of Denmark
  • æbleskiver - traditional Danish spherical pancakes (a type of doughnut with no hole), sprinkled with powdered sugar and served with raspberry or strawberry jam
  • roasted chestnuts with salt and butter
  • boiled whole potatoes
  • brun sovs (brown sauce) - a traditional dark gravy, used to cover meat dishes like roasted pork and duck (flæskesteg, andesteg) and the boiled potato
  • brunede kartofler - caramelised potatoes
  • Julebryg - Christmas beer[7]
  • gløgg - mulled red wine combined with spices, sugar and chopped chestnuts typically served warm.
  • risalamande - rice pudding. A dish made from rice, whipped cream and almonds, served cold with cherry sauce (kirsebærsauce)[8][9]
  • flæskesteg - roast pork steak with cracklings
  • andesteg - roast duck with apple and prune stuffing
  • rødkål - red cabbage pickled, sweet-sour red cabbage served hot as a side dish
  • Christmas cookies - Vaniljekranse, klejner, jødekager, pebernødder, honningkager og finskbrød.
  • konfekt, marzipan, caramelised fruits, nougat and chocolate-covered nuts.

Dominican Republic

Finland

Main article: Cuisine of Finland
Christmas Chocolate Santa

Christmas smorgasbord from Finland, "Joulupöytä", (translated "Yule table"), a traditional display of Christmas food)[10] served at Christmas in Finland, similar to the Swedish smörgåsbord, including:

Other meat dishes could be:

  • Karelian hot pot, traditional meat stew originating from the region of Karelia (Karjalanpaisti)
  • reindeer (in northern Finland) (poro)
  • cold smoked salmon (kylmäsavulohi)

Desserts:

  • rice pudding or rice porridge topped with cinnamon, sugar and cold milk or with mixed fruit soup (riisipuuro)
  • gingerbread,[10] sometimes in the form of a gingerbread house or gingerbread man (piparkakut)
  • chocolate (given as presents, eaten in-between meals, called suklaa)
  • prune jam pastries (Joulutortut)[10]
  • mixed fruit soup or prune soup (sekahedelmäkiisseli, luumukiisseli)

Drinks:

  • glogg or mulled wine (glögi)
  • Christmas beer (Jouluolut)
  • home beer (non-alcoholic beer-like drink) (kotikalja)
  • red wine (punaviini)
  • Marski's tipple (akvavit, vermouth and gin) (Marskin ryyppy)
  • milk (maito)
  • sour milk (often drunk by older people)
  • coffee (kahvi)

France

Foie gras en cocotte
Kouglof

Germany

A Christmas Stollen
  • Christstollen[16] Stollen is a fruitcake with bits of candied fruits, raisins, walnuts and almonds and spices such as cardamom and cinnamon; sprinkled with icing sugar. Often there's also a core of marzipan.[17]
  • Pfefferkuchenhaus - a gingerbread house decorated with candies, sweets and sugar icing (in reference to the gingerbread house of the fairy tale Hänsel und Gretel)
  • Weisswurst - sausages with veal and bacon, usually flavored with parsley, lemon, mace, onions, ginger and cardamom
  • Kartoffelsalat (potato salad) with Wiener (sausages) is traditionally eaten in northern Germany for lunch on Christmas Eve
  • Schäufele (a corned, smoked ham) usually served with potato salad in southern Germany for dinner on Christmas Eve.
  • Printen[18]
  • Oblaten Lebkuchen
  • Springerle
  • Weihnachtsplätzchen (Christmas cookies)
  • Roasted goose
  • Carp

Guatemala

  • tamales
  • ponche (Christmas fruit punch served hot with lots of fruits)
  • pavo (Turkey)
  • buñuelos (Fluffy sweet dessert made with corn with maple syrup)
  • chicken (Prepared with different stuffings and accompanied with various side dishes such as salads or rice)
  • fish (Prepared with different spices and side dishes based on rice and coconut, very typical of the northern areas of Guatemala)

Hong Kong

Hungary

Töltött káposzta
  • fish soup (halászlé) various recipes
  • stuffed cabbage (töltött káposzta)
  • roast goose
  • roast duck
  • roast turkey
  • pastry roll filled with walnut or poppy seed (bejgli)
  • bread pudding with poppy seed (mákos guba or bobájka)
  • szaloncukor

Iceland

Möndlugrautur

Main dishes

  • Hamborgarhryggur, a smoked, cured pork roast.
  • Ptarmigan, gamebird in the grouse family.
  • Hangikjöt
  • Oven-roasted turkey
  • Möndlugrautur - a Christmas rice pudding with an almond hidden inside (the same as the Swedish Julgröt)
  • Caramelised potatoes, Icelandic. Brúnaðar kartöflur (same as in Danish cuisine).
  • Pickled red cabbage
  • Smákökur - small cookies of various sorts

Italy

Main article: Italian cuisine

Jamaica

  • christmas (fruit) cake or black cake - a heavy fruit cake made with dried fruit, wine and rum.
  • sorrel - often served to guests with Christmas cake; Sorrel is made from the same sepals as Latin American drink "Jamaica," but is more concentrated and usually flavored with ginger. Adding rum is traditional at Christmas time.
  • curry goat
  • rice and peas - a Sunday staple, at Christmas dinner is usually made with green (fresh) gungo (pigeon) peas instead of dried kidney beans or other dried legumes.
  • christmas ham
  • chicken

Japan

  • Christmas cake - Different from a UK Christmas cake or American fruitcake, the Japanese style Christmas cake is often a white cream cake, sponge cake frosted with whipped cream, topped with strawberries and with a chocolate plate that says Merry Christmas,[21] though yule logs are also available.
  • KFC fried chicken - With turkey as a dish being virtually unknown in Japan[22] the popularity of this item at Christmas is such that orders are placed as much as two months in advance.[23]

Lithuania

  • twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper - twelve dishes representing the twelve Apostles or twelve months of the year - plays the main role in Lithuanian Christmas tradition. The traditional dishes are served on December 24.
    • poppy milk (aguonų pienas)
    • slizikai ( or kūčiukai) - slightly sweet small pastries made from leavened dough and poppy seed
    • auselės (Deep fried dumplings)
    • herring with carrots (silkė su morkomis')
    • herring with mushrooms (silkė su grybais')
    • spanguolių kisielius - cranberry and milk sauce dessert

Mexico

Christmas roast
  • Ensalada de Noche Buena - Christmas Eve Salad
  • bacalao - clipfish or cod
  • romeritos - small green leaves of a particular type mixed generally with mole and potatoes; generally accompanied with "tortitas de camarón" (shrimp bread)
  • pavo - Turkey
  • tamales - Some Mexican families, particularly in the northern part of Mexico and southern American states have tamales only at Christmas Eve instead of the typical Bacalao, Romeritos and/or Turkey.
  • ponche - a hot, sweet drink made with apples, sugar cane, prunes and tejocotes. For grown-ups, ponche is never complete without its "piquete" - either tequila or rum

New Zealand

A homemade Christmas pavlova decorated with pomegranate seeds and Chantilly cream.

Norway

Scandinavian-style gingerbread
  • gløgg - mulled wine
  • Julepølse - Pork sausage made with powdered ginger, cloves, mustard seeds and nutmeg. Served steamed or roasted.
  • lutefisk - fish preserved with lye that has been washed and boiled
  • pinnekjøtt - salted, dried, and smoked lamb's ribs which are rehydrated and then steamed, traditionally over birch branches
  • svineribbe - pork ribs roasted whole with the skin on, rather than spare ribs
  • Julegrøt - Christmas rice pudding with an almond hidden inside
  • sossiser - small Christmas sausages
  • medisterkaker - Large meatballs made from a mix of pork meat and pork fat
  • rødkål - sweet and sour red cabbage, as a side dish
  • kålrabistappe - Purée of rutabaga, as a sidedish to pinnekjøtt
  • pepperkake - gingerbread-like spice cookies flavoured with black pepper
  • lussekatter - St. Lucia Buns

Philippines

Large bibingka from the Philippines
  • ham[24]
  • queso de bola (edam cheese)[24]
  • puto bumbong - a purple-coloured Filipino dessert made of sweet rice cooked in hollow bamboo tubes placed on a special steamer-cooker. When cooked, they are spread with margarine and sprinkled with sugar and grated coconut.[25]
  • bibingka - traditional dessert made with rice flour, sugar, clarified butter and coconut milk. baked in layers and topped with butter and sugar.[25]
  • Lechon
  • salads(either fruit, coconut or garden)
  • Pancit - Filipino style noodle dish made with sliced meat and vegetables

Poland

Portugal

Bolo-Rei
  • perú assado - roasted turkey
  • bacalhau – codfish (any recipe - there are more than 1001 ways to prepare it)
  • cabrito assadao - roasted goat
  • borrego assado - roasted lamb
  • polvo cozido - boiled octopus
  • Bolo Rei (King Cake) - a beautifully decorated fluffy fruitcake
  • Bolo-Rei Escangalhado (Broken King Cake)- it is like the first one, but has also cinnamon and chilacayote jam (doce de gila)
  • Bolo-Rei de Chocolate (Chocolate King Cake) - it is like the King Cake, but only has chilacayote jam, nuts, raisins and less (or no) fruit, which is replaced by lots of chocolate chips
  • Bolo-Rainha (Queen Cake) - similar to Bolo-Rei, but with only nuts, raisins and almonds
  • Bolo-Rei Escangalhado (Broken King Cake) - similar to the Bolo-Rei, but in its recipe are added cinnamon and chilacayote jam (gila)
  • Bolo-Rei de Chocolate - it is like the Bolo-Rei, but has less (or no) fruit, nuts, chilacayote jam and lots of chocolate chips
  • broa castelar - a small, soft and thin cake made of sweet potato and orange
  • fatias douradas - golden slices, known as french toast - slices of pan bread, soaked in egg with sugar, fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar and cinnamon
  • rabanadas - they are like fatias douradas, but made with common bread
  • formigos - a delicious dessert made with sugar, eggs, pieces of bread, almonds, port wine and powdered with cinnamon
  • filhoses - depending on the region, the may be thin or fluffy pieces of a fried dough made of eggs, honey, orange, lemon, flour and anise, sprinkled - or not with icing sugar
  • coscorões - thin squares of a fried orange flavoured dough
  • azevias de grão, batata-doce ou gila - deep fried thin dough pastries filled with a delicious cream made of chickpea, sweet potato or chilacayote, powdered with sugar and cinnamon
  • tarte de amêndoa - almond pie
  • tronco de Natal - Christmas log - a delicious Swiss roll, resembling a tree's trunk, filled with chocolate cream, decorated with chocolate and mini - 2 cm Christmas trees
  • brigadeiros - creamy chocolate balls
  • lampreia de ovos - a sweet made of eggs, well decorated
  • sonhos - an orange flavoured fried yeast dough, powdered with icing sugar
  • velhoses - they are like the sonhos, but made with pumpkin
  • bolo de Natal - Christmas cake
  • pudim de Natal - Christmas pudding
  • chocolate quente - hot chocolate
  • vinho quente - eggnog made with boiled wine, egg yolk, sugar and cinnamon

Puerto Rico

Romania

Cozonac
  • piftie - pork and beef based aspic, with pork meat, vegetables and garlic
  • cârnaţi - pork-based sausages
  • tobā - various cuttings of pork, liver boiled, diced and "packed" in pork stomach like a salami
  • sarmale - rolls of cabbage pickled in brine and filled with meat and rice (see sarma)
  • cozonac, sort of Romanian equivalent of panettone
  • Strong spirits:

Serbia

Main article: Serbian cuisine
  • fish soup for the Christmas Eve
  • koljivo - boiled wheat which is used liturgically in the Eastern Orthodox and Greek-Catholic churches
  • Česnica - Christmas soda bread with a silver coin to bring health and good luck baked in the bread

Spain

Sweden

Julbord Christmas dinner in Sweden
  • Julbord[26] - Christmas smorgasbord ("Christmas table"), a catch-all term for all the dishes served during Christmas Eve:
    • köttbullar - Swedish meatballs
    • Julskinka - Christmas ham
    • dopp i grytan ("dipping in the kettle") - dipping bread slices in the ham broth after boiling the Christmas ham.[27]
    • prinskorv - small hot dog sausages
    • fläskkorv - pork sausages
    • isterband - smoked fresh pork sausage
    • revbensspjäll - spare ribs
    • inlagd sill - pickled herring (usually of different types)
    • gravad lax - lox
    • Janssons frestelse ("Jansson's Temptation") - warm scalloped potato casserole with anchovies
    • vörtlimpa - Swedish rye bread with grated orange peel made for Christmas, with or without raisins.
    • knäckebröd - dry crisp bread
    • rödkål - sweet and sour red cabbage, as a side dish
    • grönkål - sweet and sour kale as a side dish
    • brunkål ("brown cabbage")- cabbage flavoured with syrup hence the name
    • rödbetor - sliced beet root
    • an array of cheeses - bondost, herrgårdsost, prästost, Getost (hard goat milk cheese)
  • lutefisk[28] - Lye-fish (whitefish) that has been boiled served with white gravy
  • Julmust - a traditional, very sweet, stout-like, Christmas soft drink, originally intended as an alternative to alcohol beverage called Mumma
  • glögg - mulled wine
  • knäck - Christmas toffee
  • pepparkakor (Gingerbread) - brown cookies flavoured with a variety of traditional Christmas spices
  • Julost - Christmas cheese
  • Julgröt - Christmas rice pudding with an almond hidden inside
  • lussekatter - Saint Lucy saffron buns

United Kingdom & Ireland

Main article: British cuisine
Christmas pudding

In the United Kingdom, what is now regarded as the traditional meal consists of roast turkey, served with roast potatoes and parsnips and other vegetables, followed by Christmas pudding, a heavy steamed pudding made with dried fruit, suet, and very little flour. Other roast meats may be served, and in the nineteenth century the traditional roast was goose. The same carries over to Ireland with some variations.

United States

Roast turkey

See also: Thanksgiving (the dishes tend to be similar)

Venezuela

Hallaca
  • hallaca - rectangle-shaped meal made of maize, filled with beef, pork, olives, raisins and caper, and wrapped in plantain leaves
  • pan de jamón - ham-filled bread with olives and raisins
  • dulce de lechosa - dessert made of cooked sliced unripe papaya in sugar syrup
  • ensalada de gallina - salad made of potato, carrot, apple and shredded chicken
  • pernil[33] - roast pork shoulder

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Christmas season celebrations in Australia". Culture and Recreation.gov.au. http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/christmas/. Retrieved 2007-03-12. 
  2. ^ a b Santa recipe Australia
  3. ^ Christmas Damper from Australia
  4. ^ Florence Fadier-Rotsaert. "Thème: Histoire de rond et de cougnou" (in French). http://www.crfneufvilles.org/themes/articles/article20_18.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  5. ^ Cola-de-Mono-Tail-of-the-Monkey
  6. ^ [1]
  7. ^ "Danish food and drink". University of Southern Denmark. Archived from the original on 2007-02-05. http://web.archive.org/web/20070205222840/http://www.sdu.dk/E/new/food_and_drink.html. Retrieved 2007-03-12. 
  8. ^ "Rice pudding". Archived from the original on 2006-09-25. http://web.archive.org/web/20060925144513/http://www.sunblock99.org.uk/sb99/people/KGalsgaa/pudding.html. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  9. ^ "Christmas in Europe, Where's Santa?". SourceWire. 2005-12-13. http://www.sourcewire.com/releases/rel_display.php?relid=23663&hilite=. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  10. ^ a b c d e f g "Christmas cookbook". thisisFINLAND. http://finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?contentid=180237. Retrieved 2007-03-12. 
  11. ^ a b c d "French Christmas: It's all about the food". Expatica. http://www.expatica.com/actual/article.asp?subchannel_id=61&story_id=35242. Retrieved 2007-03-12. 
  12. ^ about.com, Noël in Provence Christmas traditions and recipes from Provence. Retrieved August 30, 2007.
  13. ^ [2]
  14. ^ Christmas traditions
  15. ^ Provance, quince-cheese
  16. ^ Klaus Stahl/Chris Cave (2006). "It's all Napoleon's Fault - The success story of the Aachen Printe". http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/Cakes/Stollen.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-06. 
  17. ^ German Christmas Recipes
  18. ^ Linda Stradley (2004). "History of Stollen, Dresden Stollen". http://www.goethe.de/ges/mol/thm/kad/en1917200.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-09. [dead link]
  19. ^ "Christmas in Italy". The Worldwide Gourmet. http://www.theworldwidegourmet.com/?action=occasionitem_show&id=15&lg=en. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  20. ^ Nicole Martiche (Thu, 16 November 2006). "The legend of Panettone". http://lifestyle.iafrica.com/festive/291083.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  21. ^ Kahle, Lynn R.; Chʻung-hyŏn Kim (2006). Creating Images and the Psychology of Marketing Communication. Routledge. pp. 48. ISBN 0805852166. http://books.google.com/books?id=UNSeRruUoJMC&pg=PA48&dq=japanese+christmas+cake. 
  22. ^ "An Introduction to Christmas Traditions". BBC. 2005-12-23. http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A7951656. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
  23. ^ Whipp, Lindsay (2010-12-20). "All Japan Wants for Christmas is Kentucky Fried Chicken". Financial Times. http://www.cnbc.com/id/40759547. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
  24. ^ a b Burgos, Rowena (2007-12-23). "Yuletide fusion of flavors". Philippine Daily Inquirer. http://showbizandstyle.inquirer.net/lifestyle/lifestyle/view_article.php?article_id=108428. Retrieved 2008-12-06. 
  25. ^ a b Galang, Diana A. (2007-12-09). "Culturefront: Christmas Culinary Traditions (Part 1)". Manila Bulletin. http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2007/12/09/TSTE20071209110674.html. Retrieved 2008-12-06. [dead link]
  26. ^ Julbord
  27. ^ dopp i grytan
  28. ^ Lutfisk
  29. ^ Ulrike Schroedter. "Christmas in Britain". http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/texte/xmas.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  30. ^ "Christmas food shopping uncovered". BBC News. 2001-12-17. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1706169.stm. Retrieved 2007-03-12. 
  31. ^ a b "Christmas? What a waste!". BBC News. 2005-12-13. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/4523490.stm. Retrieved 2007-03-09. 
  32. ^ BBC. "Roast Potatoes Recipe". http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/roastpotatoes_8818. 
  33. ^ pernil

External links

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