Niagara Falls, New York

Niagara Falls, New York
—  City  —
The City of Niagara Falls, New York
Nickname(s): "Cataract City" "Honeymoon Capital of the World"
Location within Niagara County
Niagara Falls, New York Location within Niagara County
Coordinates: 43°05′39″N 79°01′02″W / 43.09417°N 79.01722°W / 43.09417; -79.01722Coordinates: 43°05′39″N 79°01′02″W / 43.09417°N 79.01722°W / 43.09417; -79.01722
Country	United States
State	New York
County	Niagara
Government
– Type	Strong mayor-council
– Mayor	Paul Dyster (D)
– City Administrator	Donna D. Owens
– City Council	Members' List • Samuel Fruscione (D) Chair. • Robert Anderson, Jr. (D) • Charles Walker (D) • Steven D. Fournier (D) • Kristen Grandinetti (D)
Area
– City	16.8 sq mi (43.5 km2)
– Land	14.1 sq mi (36.4 km2)
– Water	2.8 sq mi (7.1 km2)  16.37%
– Urban	366.7 sq mi (949.7 km2)
Elevation	614 ft (187 m)
Population
– City	50,193
– Density	3,955.7/sq mi (1,527.3/km2)
– Urban	976,703 (Ranked 38th)
– Urban density	2,663.5/sq mi (1,028.37/km2)
– Metro	1,254,066
Time zone	Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
– Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes	14301-14305
Area code(s)	716
FIPS code	36-51055
GNIS feature ID	0970406
Demonym	Niagarian, Niagara Fallsite

Niagara Falls is a city in Niagara County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 50,193, down from the 55,593 recorded in the 2000 census. It is across the Niagara River from Niagara Falls, Ontario (also a city), both named after the famed Niagara Falls which they share. It is part of both the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Western New York region.

History

Welcome sign at Niagara Falls, New York.

Niagara Falls City Hall at night.

Niagara Falls in the state of New York.

Rainbows are common at Niagara Falls.

The European migration into the area began in the 17th century with missionaries and explorers. The first recorded European to visit the area was Frenchman Robert de la Salle, accompanied by Belgian priest Louis Hennepin, who was the first known European to see the falls. This influx of newcomers may have been a catalyst for already hostile native tribes to turn to open warfare in competition for the fur trade.

The City of Niagara Falls was incorporated on March 17, 1892 from the villages of Manchester and Suspension Bridge, which were parts of the Town of Niagara. New York State Governor Roswell P. Flower signed a bill into law forming the city. Thomas Vincent Welch who was a member of the charter committee and then a New York state assemblyman, but more importantly a second-generation Irishman, was there when the bill was signed, and responsible for asking Governor Flower to sign the bill on St. Patrick's Day. George W. Wright was elected the first mayor of Niagara Falls.^[1]

Historically, the city was built around factories that utilized the power of the falling water for energy. Now the downtown area borders a park (Niagara Falls State Park) affording a close-up view of the American, Horseshoe and Bridal Veil Falls.

By the end of the 19th century, the city was a heavy industrial area, due in no small part to the huge power potential offered by the swiftly flowing Niagara River. There were many industries in Niagara Falls that used the power of the mighty Niagara River. Tourism was considered a secondary niche, while industry was the main producer of jobs and economic backbone.

In 1927, the city annexed the village of La Salle from the Town of Niagara. The village was named for Robert de la Salle.

Ever since the early 1900s, the center of the tourist district was Falls Street, a vibrant and carnival-like street that ran into the main part of the city. Although Falls Street no longer exists in the capacity that it once did, efforts are currently being made by the government and private companies to revitalize and restore what is left of the historic thoroughfare.

The 1950s and early 1960s witnessed an economic boom, as several industries moved into the city to take advantage of the hydroelectric power offered, due to a higher demand for household and industrial products. Paper, rubber, plastics, petrochemicals and abrasives were among the major industries located in the city. This brief period of prosperity would end by the mid-1960s, as the locally owned Schoellkopf Power Project later collapsed into the Niagara River, ending an industrial era.

To take advantage of the hydroelectric power offered, New York City urban planner Robert Moses built a new power plant in nearby Lewiston, New York. However, Niagara Falls did not get much of the power created; Most of it went downstate to fuel growing demands for New York City.

The neighborhood of Love Canal gained national media attention in 1978 when United States President Jimmy Carter declared a federal emergency there, and hundreds of residents were relocated.^[2] Starting in 1920, the area had been used as a landfill for chemical waste disposal (and later, industrial toxic waste) before its development as a residential area. The Superfund law, which protects people, families, communities and others from heavily contaminated toxic waste sites, was enacted in 1980 in response to the Love Canal situation.

The post-Love Canal Niagara Falls witnessed a reversal of fortunes, as what was once cheap to produce in Niagara Falls was now far cheaper to outsource to other countries. Several factories closed, and the population has since dropped by half, as blue-collar workers fled the city in search of jobs elsewhere. The city's economy plummeted downward when a failed Urban Renewal project took place resulting in the destruction of Falls Street and the tourist district.

In 1995, the city government was the defendent in NAACP v. City of Niagara Falls, which named, among others, then-Mayor Jacob Palillo; City Council Members, G. Tom Sottile, Barbara A. Geracitano, Andrew Walker, Henry Buchalski, Michael Gawel, Anthony Quaranto, John G. Accardo; and City Clerk, Elsie Paradise. NAACP charged that the city was violating Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. At the time, Niagara Falls' government consisted of a mayor, who acted as chief executive, and seven city council members elected at-large. The NAACP further argued that the city had not given enough representation to African Americans living in the city, which at that time comprised 15.58% of the city's population. The court ruled in favor of the city, which kept its system of government.

Currently, the city's main industry is tourism. In 2004, the Seneca Nation of Indians opened the Seneca Niagara Casino in the former Niagara Falls Convention and Civic Center, thereby establishing sovereign Native American territory in the midst of the city. The city, however, continues to struggle economically.

In 2001, the entire corrupt leadership of Laborers Local 91 plead of were found guilty of extortion, racketeering and other crimes following an exposé by Mike Hudson of the Niagara Falls Reporter. However, union boss Michael "Butch" Quarcini died before trial began, although the rest of the union leadership was sentenced.

In early 2010, former Niagara Falls Mayor Vincent Anello was indicted on federal charges of corruption. Although not related to his political career, Anello, a master electrician by trade, was also sentenced to 13 months in jail for pension fraud regarding a pension from the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, of which he is a member.

The decline of the city was given national exposure by Bloomberg Businessweek magazine in a cover story.

On November 30, 2010, the New York State Attorney General entered into an agreement with the city and its police department to create new policies to govern police practices in response to claims of excessive force and police misconduct. The city will create policies and procedures to prevent and respond to allegations of excessive force, and to ensure that police are properly trained and complaints are properly investigated. Prior claims filed by residents will be evaluated by an independent panel.^[3]

The city has a number of properties on the National Register of Historic Places.^[4] It also has three national historic districts including: Chilton Avenue-Orchard Parkway Historic District, Deveaux School Historic District, and the Park Place Historic District.

Economy

Abandoned industry in "Chemical Row", at 1920 Buffalo Avenue.

Hotel Niagara Pre-renovation 2011

The Hotel Niagara Building, 201 Rainbow Blvd., pre-renovation.

The economy for the city was originally based around the Falls itself, or at least the power generated by the massive waterfall. This cheap and abundant source of power was the driving force behind the rapid rise of area industry. Around the turn of the 20th century, thousands of immigrants from predominantly European nations such as Italy and Poland came to the area to work the chemical, steel, and manufacturing plants owned by present-day companies such as Occidental.

The area is subject to the migration of manufacturing jobs to developing countries common to the rust belt. Another major toll was suburban migration, a national trend. The city, which once boasted well over 100,000 people at its peak, has seen its population decline by some 50%, as industries shut down and people left for the employment opportunities of the South and West. The unemployment rate in the City of Niagara Falls was around 10 percent as of October 2010.^[5] Approximately 60 percent of residents in Niagara Falls receive public assistance such as food stamps, welfare, unemployment insurance and Medicaid^{[citation needed]}.

Also blamed for the economic decline is the presence of the New York Power Authority, whom politicians, reporters and residents have blamed for charging the city high electric bills, rendering the draw of cheap power obsolete. The New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, and especially the Niagara Frontier Parks Commission (a division of the department), has also been blamed for placing souvenir stands, parking lots and restaurants within Niagara Falls State Park, which may have resulted in tourists not patronizing businesses in the city. Recently, state officials have been negotiating with state park and NYPA officials, such as Assemblyman John Ceretto of Lewiston asking the NYPA if they would nominate a resident of Niagara County to the Board of Directors, since the Robert Moses Niagara Power Project in Lewiston is the most profitable project undertaken by NYPA and generates the most power.

Local and state government officials have vowed to embrace the physical and cultural advantages that the Niagara region naturally possesses — whether speaking of the Niagara Gorge, burgeoning wine trail, historical landmarks, Little Italy Niagara or Niagara Falls itself. This move away from the city's industrial past to embrace a tourism-based economy has led the city to reinvent itself in marketing in recent years. In late 2001, the State of New York established the USA Niagara Development Corporation, a subsidiary to the State's economic development agency, to focus specifically on facilitating development in downtown Niagara Falls, NY. However, the organization has been strongly criticized for doing little to improve Niagara Falls' economy and generating no significant progress since it was founded.^[6][7]

The Falls' current development strategy is focused on a pragmatic approach to revitalizing vacant and underutilized buildings in the downtown area as high profile catalyst projects with real economic impact. But the cost to demolish the city's many abandoned buildings may make it impossible to address all the eyesores, according to officials,^[8] but some have criticized the city of wasting funds elsewhere.^[9] The opening of the new Conference Center Niagara Falls in 2005; the redevelopment of the historic United Office Building and the Hotel Niagara; the restoration of Old Falls Street, once the primary tourist thoroughfare downtown, which is now a promenade; the redevelopment of the former Holiday Inn Select as a new Crowne Plaza Resort with several restaurants including the city's first Starbucks Coffee; and other attractions such as the planned Niagara Experience Center; and of course, the Seneca Niagara Casino, attempt to reposition Niagara Falls as a premiere destination.

The arrival of the Seneca Niagara Casino in 2004 was major undertaking designed to renew in the city's downtown area. However as of late 2011 the anticipated economic renewal the casino was supposed to bring has not been felt in the local area.

Niagara Falls is currently visited by almost ten million people each year and is considered one of the United States' top ten tourist destinations.^{[citation needed]} The official tourism promotion agency, Niagara Tourism and Convention Corporation ( NTCC), was adopted in 2005.^[10] "The Mission of the NTCC is quite simple: to enhance the economic prosperity of Niagara County by promoting, selling and marketing the County as a premier destination for meetings, conventions and leisure tourism. While everyone agrees that Niagara Falls is the region’s main attraction, there are a plethora of other attractions that make Niagara USA such a special place to visit." The NTCC has launched several campaigns, domestically and internationally,to promote Niagara Falls Hotels, Niagara Attractions, and various events and festivals in Niagara County.^[11] The NTCC's efforts have also been criticized as the city continues to struggle financially and marketing efforts have not generated a significant turnaround.^[12] A recent audit also found millions of dollars of tax dollars spent by high-ranking NTCC officials on tuxedo rentals, trips to Europe and Asia, expensive meals and backrubs.^[13]

Despite all its efforts, Niagara Falls, NY struggles to keep up with its Canadian neighbor, Niagara Falls, Ontario which has a much more vibrant tourism industry and stronger economy.^[14]

Old Niagara Falls High School

From 1982 to 2000, a shopping mall called Rainbow Centre Factory Outlet operated downtown on city land leased to Cordish Companies. The mall was built in a failed effort to revitalize the downtown. The owner, David Cordish, was criticized for not maintaining the building. Cordish eventually shuttered the building and stopped paying rent in anticipation that the company would be bought out of the lease. In October 2010, Cordish announced that he would give the facility to Niagara County Community College for free to develop a hospitality school, culinary school, restaurant and bookstore. NCCC recently announced that they would develop 75,000 square feet (7,000 m²) of the vacant mall, giving the rest of it to the City of Niagara Falls to further develop it. NCCC began construction work in 2011.

There is also an outlet mall called Fashion Outlets of Niagara Falls, formerly "Prime Outlets Niagara", which is not actually part of the city, but of the town of Niagara, New York, which shares a post office with the city.

The Wintergarden was an all-glass indoor arboretum designed by Cesar Pelli adjacent to the Rainbow Centre. It operated as an arboretum from its 1977 opening until 2003, and as Smokin Joe's Family Fun Center from 2003 to 2005, after the city sold it to local developer Joseph Anderson. It sat adjacent to the derelict Rainbow Centre until its being demolished demolished in 2009 to make way for Old Falls Street, plus the fact that it cost too much to heat during the typically harsh winters in the area.

Crime

Although statistically lower in crime than cities in Upstate New York such as Buffalo and Rochester, unfortunately Niagara Falls still suffers from a higher than average crime rate.^[15] In wake of recent gun violence, volunteer groups such as the "SNUG" movement have been mobilized to stop violence in Niagara Falls, and promote positive community involvement in Niagara Falls poorest and highest crime areas.^[16]

Geography

Niagara Falls is located at 43°5′39″N 79°1′2″W / 43.09417°N 79.01722°W / 43.09417; -79.01722 (43.094305, -79.017339)^[17].

The city is located at the international boundary between the United States of America and Canada.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.8 square miles (44 km²), of that, 14.1 square miles (37 km²) of it is land and 2.8 square miles (7.3 km²) of it (16.37%) is water.

Topography

The city is built along the Niagara Falls waterfalls and the Niagara Gorge which is located on next to the Niagara River which flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario.

Adjacent cities and towns

• Buffalo, New York - south
• Town of Lewiston - north
• Town of Niagara - northeast
• Town of Wheatfield - east
• Town of Grand Island - south
• Niagara Falls, Ontario - west

Climate

Niagara Falls experiences cold winters and warm summers. The coldest temperature recorded in Niagara Falls is -11º in 2003, 2005, and 2011. ^[18] The hottest temperature recorded in Niagara Falls was 97º in 2005. The city is also one of the snowiest. ^[19]

Climate data for Niagara Falls, New York
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °F (°C)	29 (−2)	34 (1)	45 (7)	61 (16)	67 (19)	78 (26)	79 (26)	76 (24)	63 (17)	51 (11)	41 (5)	31 (−1)	55
Average low °F (°C)	16 (−9)	20 (−7)	30 (−1)	39 (4)	47 (8)	58 (14)	59 (15)	56 (13)	44 (7)	35 (2)	28 (−2)	19 (−7)	38
Source: [20]

Government

The City of Niagara Falls is run using a manager-council form of government. The government consists of a mayor, a hired city administrator, and a city council. The current mayor as of 2007 is Paul Dyster (D). The City Administrator is Donna D. Owens. The City of Niagara Falls functions under a strong mayor-council form of government.

The city has had four one-term mayors since 1992. Those mayors were Jacob A. Palillo, James C. Galie, Irene J. Elia, and Vincenzo V. Anello. As of 2011, Paul Dyster is the first mayor of the city to be re-elected since 1987.

The city council serves four-year, staggered terms, except in the case of a special election. It is headed by a Council Chairperson, who votes in all items for council action.

In November 2011, a city council election, as well as a mayoral election was held. The incumbent, Paul Dyster, won re-election, as did incumbent 2-term councilman Robert Anderson. Glenn Choolokian will be replacing councilman Steven Fournier on January 1, 2012.

The council members are:

• Samuel Fruscione, the council chair
• Robert Anderson
• Steven Fournier
• Kristen Grandinetti
• Charles Walker

On a state level, Niagara Falls is part of the 138th Assembly District of New York State. The current assemblyman is John Ceretto (R-Lewiston). Niagara Falls is also part of the 60th Senate District of New York State. The state senator is Mark Grisanti (R-Buffalo).

On a national level, the city is part of New York's 28th congressional district and is represented by Congresswoman Louise Slaughter. This district will become obsolete in the 113th Congress in 2013 because of redistricting and redrawing of district lines because of the results of the 2010 census. In the United States Senate, the city and the state are represented by Senior Senator Charles Schumer and Junior Senator Kirsten Gillibrand.

Places of interest

The city is home to the Niagara Falls State Park. The park has several attractions, including

• Cave of the Winds
• Maid of the Mist
• Prospect Point and its observation tower
• The falls are illuminated each night, and fireworks are fired from the Canadian side each week during the tourist season.
• Niagara Discovery Center (Also known as the Schoellkopf Center)
• Aquarium of Niagara

Several attractions also abut the river, including

• Whirlpool State Park
• De Veaux Woods State Park
• Earl W. Brydges Artpark State Park in nearby Lewiston, New York, commonly known as the Artpark
• Fort Niagara State Park in Youngstown, New York.

Attractions in the downtown include

• One Niagara Center
• Aquarium of Niagara
• United Office Building
• Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel
• Hard Rock Cafe
• the proposed Niagara Experience Center
• the proposed Niagara Falls Culinary Institute, which will open within the former Rainbow Centre Mall by 2015.
• Daredevil Museum
• Old Falls Street
• Oakwood Cemetery (Niagara Falls, NY)
• Conference Center Niagara Falls
• Third Street Entertainment District
• The Theater in the Mist
• Rainbow Air Helicopter Tours, which take off from the roof of the Howard Johnson Inn on Main Street.
• Rapids Theatre on Main Street
• Haunted House of Wax on First Street

Cityscape

The city is home to several diverse neighborhoods including Little Italy, the North End, Deveaux, La Salle, Downtown, Niagara Street/East Side, Buffalo Avenue and Hyde Park. Niagara Falls has a numbered street system ranging from 1st Street to 102nd Street.

Little Italy

Little Italy is an area full of restaurants, bakeries, and pizzerias extending along Pine Avenue and surrounding areas from Portage Rd. to Hyde Park Boulevard. It historically was the home to a large Italian-American population. Italian Americans built such institutions as St. Joseph's Church, the Cristoforo Colombo Society (1903) and Colombus Square Park. The park serves as the center of Italian culture with its bocce courts, summer concerts and the Italian Festival. Currently Council Chairman Sam Fruscione produces a weekly Public-access television cable TV show promoting Little Italy Niagara. While Pine Avenue continues to thrive, areas around it have gone through an economic decline.

North End

The North End, like Little Italy, has declined significantly over the years. Originally a booming industrial district, especially along Highland and College Avenues, several of the industries have closed and the area has become neglected. It is a dangerous area typefied by poverty, crime and drug dealing. Recently, "green" industry has begun to move into the North End, bringing back some jobs. The relocation of the Niagara Falls Train Station is expected to help the area, as well as new development on nearby Main Street. It is mainly considered to be anything located north of the primary railroad tracks within the city, with the exception of west of Ninth Street. Several housing projects have been built within the area, including Center Court, Harry S. Jordan Gardens, the proposed HOPE VI houses, and the infamous Unity Park projects. Originally an Italian neighborhood, it has become increasingly African-American.

Deveaux

A small, upper-middle class neighborhood located in the northern part of Niagara Falls, Deveaux is centered around Lewiston Road and the campus of the Deveaux School, now Deveaux Woods State Park. It is named for Judge Samuel Deveaux, the main benefactor for the college located on the Deveaux Campus. The DeVeaux Woods property is located at 3100 Lewiston Road and is listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places. Deeded by Samuel DeVeaux in 1853, the property was home to the DeVeaux College for Orphans and Destitute Children, later became the DeVeaux School and was purchased in 1978 by Niagara University. Deveaux Woods is an old-growth forest inside the city of Niagara Falls and consists of approximately 10 acres of historic forest. This is an opportunity for residents and visitors alike to “step back in time” to see what much of Western New York was like prior to European settlement. The area surrounding Lewiston Road is highly desirable and has some absolutely gorgeous old renovated homes, and is very close to the Niagara Gorge where owners enjoy the excellent bike/walking trail. Parks are plentiful in the area, and it is very close to Niagara Falls! This neighborhood has managed to stay well kept and crime free. Beautiful brick and all stone homes from the early to mid 20th century right on the beautiful Niagara Escarpment.

LaSalle

LaSalle is a large, vaguely defined middle class neighborhood considered to be anything east of 56th Street. It is the site of Love Canal, an infamous toxic waste landfill that was sold to the city for purposes of building a school in the early 1950s. It is named for Robert de la Salle, a French explorer who launches his boat, the Griffon from the approximate location of Griffon Park on Buffalo Avenue. In recent years, the main retail area of downtown Niagara Falls has moved from the South End near the falls to Military Road and Niagara Falls Boulevard, giving a significant economic boost to the area.

Downtown

A scene of Falls Street west of John B. Daly Boulevard.

the Downtown, also known as the South End is the area of the city that adjoins Niagara Falls State Park. It is the main tourist district in the city, especially so in locations south of Niagara Street. However, it has declined significantly since a failed Urban renewal project took place in the 1960s resulting in the demolition of the historic Falls Street tourist district. Recently, efforts have been made to restore Falls Street and the downtown to its original grandeur, including the resurrection of Third Street as the entertainment district, and the arrival of the Seneca Niagara Casino.

Niagara Street/East Side

Niagara Street is the main thoroughfare in the area known as the East Side. It is the historic home to a significant Eastern European population, especially Polish and German immigrants. It has been and continues to be a diverse working-class neighborhood. Students in the area are served by the new Niagara Street School in between Niagara Street and Welch Avenue.

Buffalo Avenue

After the decline of several industrial areas in the city, Buffalo Avenue has remained the primary industrial section of the city for a century, although today the heavy manufacturing, mainly of petrochemicals and electrochemicals, occurs at a significantly diminished rate from a half-century ago when the city was at its peak. Several chemical factories are located along Buffalo Avenue between John B. Daly Boulevard and 56th Street.

Hyde Park

Hyde Park is a neighborhood surrounding Hyde Park, the largest city park in New York State other than Manhattan's Central Park. Other than Hyde Park, Niagara Falls has 24 other parks. It is primarily a working class neighborhood.

Transportation

Air

• Niagara Falls International Airport
• Buffalo Niagara International Airport
• Toronto's Pearson International Airport on the Canadian side offers direct service with foreign airlines to other countries.

Rail

• Amtrak has a station at 27th Street and Lockport Road

Ground

• NFTA is the public transit provider in Niagara County and Erie County with hubs at Portage Road Transit Center and Niagara Falls Transportation Center.

NFTA replaced two local bus operators in the 1950s: Lockport Bus Lines and Niagara Falls Municipal Transit System.

Major highways in the City of Niagara Falls

Major Highways that serve the Greater Niagara Falls, NY area.

• Interstate 190 (Niagara Expwy.), North-South highway through the city that runs from the South Grand Island Bridge from Grand Island north into the town of Niagara, then Lewiston and its northern end at the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge.
• U.S. Route 62 (Niagara Falls Blvd., Walnut Ave. (Westbound), Ferry Ave. (Eastbound)), signed as a North-South highway, US 62 in the city of Niagara Falls has an East-West orientation. Where Niagara Falls Blvd. ends at Packard Rd., US 62 is split among two one-way streets. Walnut Ave. carries US 62 west to its northern terminus at Main St. (NY 104), and Ferry Ave. (One block south) carries US 62 east away from downtown Niagara Falls.
• 
  US 62 Business (Pine Ave.), East-West roadway in the city, this route parallels US 62 which is one block south. Its western terminus is at Main St. (NY 104) and its eastern terminus is at Niagara Falls Blvd. (US 62).
• New York State Route 31 (Witmer Rd., College Ave.), East-West roadway from the Niagara town line near NY 31's interchange with I-190, to its western end at Lewiston Rd. (NY 104).
• New York State Route 61 (Hyde Park Blvd.) North-South Roadway in through the City of Niagara Falls from Buffalo Ave. (NY 384), its southern end, north to the Lewiston town line where it has a short distance in the southwest corner of the Town of Lewiston where the route has its northern end at Lewiston Rd. (NY 104).
• New York State Route 104 (Lewiston Rd., Main St.), signed as an East-West highway, NY 104 has a North-South orientation in the city that roughly parallels Robert Moses State Pkwy. and the Lower Niagara River. This routes western terminus is at Rainbow Blvd. (NY 384) at the foot of the Rainbow Bridge. It heads north to the Lewiston town line.
• New York State Route 182 (Porter Rd., Ontario Ave., Lockport St., Cleveland Ave.), East-West roadway through the city from the Niagara town line near its interchange with I-190 to its western terminus at the Whirlpool Rapids Bridge.
• New York State Route 265 (Military Rd.), North-South highway at the eastern end of the city. Runs in the city from the Niagara town line near its intersection with Niagara Falls Blvd. (US 62) to the Town of Wheatfield where the route runs concurrent with NY 384.
• New York State Route 384 (Buffalo Rd., Rainbow Blvd.), North-South highway (east-west orientation in city) that parallels the upper Niagara River in the city from the Wheatfield town line where it runs concurrent with NY 265, to its western end at the Robert Moses Pkwy/Rainbow Bridge.
• LaSalle Expressway, East-West Expressway in the eastern end of the city from its eastern end at Williams Rd. (NY Reference Route 952V) just outside the city line in the Town of Wheatfield, to its west end at an interchange with I-190 and Robert Moses State Pkwy.
• Robert Moses State Parkway, North-South Parkway that runs through the city from the Lewiston town line to its southern end at an interchange with I-190 and LaSalle Expwy. The Parkway parallels the Niagara River through the city. The original route also passed under the approach to the Rainbow Bridge, however that section has since been closed to traffic and is now only used for park business. The parkway therefore is interrupted because of the closed section. The two sections are still connected by the way of New York State Route 384.

Demographics

Niagara Falls, New York.

As of the census^[21] of 2010, there were 50,193 people, 22,603 households, and 12,495 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,987.7 people per square mile (1,153.5 per square km). There were 26,220 housing units at an average density of 1,560.7 per square mile (622.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 70.5% White, 21.6% African American, 1.9% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0% Pacific Islander, 0.8% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0% of the population.

There were 22,603 households out of which 23.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.8% were married couples living together, 19.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.7% were non-families. 38.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 4.02.

In the city the population was spread out with 22% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 91.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,800, and the median income for a family was $34,377. Males had a median income of $31,672 versus $22,124 for females. 23% of the population was below the poverty line.

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1870	3,006		—
1880	3,320		10.4%
1890	5,502		65.7%
1900	19,457		253.6%
1910	30,445		56.5%
1920	50,760		66.7%
1930	74,460		46.7%
1940	78,020		4.8%
1950	90,872		16.5%
1960	102,394		12.7%
1970	85,615		−16.4%
1980	71,384		−16.6%
1990	61,840		−13.4%
2000	55,593		−10.1%
2010	50,193		−9.7%

Media

Newspapers

The Niagara Gazette is published daily.

The city has two newspapers, the Niagara Gazette, which is published daily, and the Niagara Falls Reporter, which is published weekly. With a circulation of 22,500, the Reporter has managed to become the dominant newspaper compared to an average circulation of 14,228 for the Gazette.^[22][23] The Buffalo News is the closest major newspaper in the area and once had a Niagara County, NY bureau that extensively covered Niagara Falls and its surrounding communities.It still covers the community with a variety of reporters on a part-time basis.

Radio

• WHLD AM 1270
• WJJL AM 1440
• WTOR AM 770

Television

The Our Schools Channel 21 (OCS-21) is a High School run Television Station that broadcasts on the Educational Public Access Station (Channel 21) throughout Niagara County. All work is done by Niagara Falls High School Media Production Students under the direct supervision of Media Education Director; Mr. Rich Meranto. The station broadcasts programming both LIVE and Pre-Taped featuring school performances, Community events, school video announcements, sports programming and shows with many community leaders.

Education

Residents are zoned to the Niagara Falls City School District. When LaSalle High School closed in June, 2000, a new Niagara Falls High School was built at 4455 Porter Road. The new school merged LaSalle and the former Niagara Falls High School. The old Niagara Falls High School building at Pine Avenue and Portage Road became an Art and Cultural Center.

Niagara University is the closest post-secondary/college in the city.

Religion

St. Peter's Episcopal Church

First Presbyterian Church

Niagara Falls has a number of places of worship, including the First Unitarian Universalist Church, St. Peter's Episcopal Church, First Presbyterian Church and the Conservative Jewish Temple Beth Israel.

Sports

• Niagara Falls Sox - Class A Minor League Baseball team
• Niagara Falls Rapids - Class-A Minor League Baseball team left city in 1993.
• Niagara Power - New York Collegiate Baseball League team founded in 2007.

Notable people

• R.J. Adams (Bob Shannon) Film/TV actor and Radio personality. Attended Bishop Duffy High School.^[24]
• Thomas Aquinas Daly, contemporary landscape and still life painter
• Dan DeSantis, football player for the Philadelphia Eagles
• Rashad Evans, mixed martial artist
• Jonny Flynn, former basketball player for the Syracuse Orange and starting guard for the Minnesota Timberwolves
• Barbara Frum, deceased Niagara Falls NY born Canadian television Journalist
• John Gabriel, Emmy nominated Television actor
• Lee Hyla, composer
• Ellis Hobbs, cornerback for the Philadelphia Eagles
• Rachael Lillis, voice actress^[25]
• Antonino LoTempio, musician, singer, actor
• Stefano Magaddino, an American mafia boss
• Sal Maglie, baseball player.^[26]
• Rick Manning, baseball player
• Matt Mazza, basketball player
• Marc Mero, former WWE professional wrestler
• Johnny Pasek, baseball player
• Bobby Previte, drummer and composer
• Lynn Samuels, WABC and Sirius Radio personality.
• James Starks, football player for the Green Bay Packers

NIAGARA FALLS -->

• April Stevens, singer
• Tommy Tedesco, born in Niagara Falls, most-recorded guitarist in history
• Franchot Tone, born in Niagara Falls, film actor

See also

• Niagara Falls
• Buffalo, New York
• Grand Hotel Niagara
• Lewiston, New York
• Love Canal

References

1. ^ http://www.niagarafallsinfo.com/history-item.php?entry_id=1334&current_category_id=199
2. ^ "Love Canal Collection". University of Buffalo Libraries. http://library.buffalo.edu/libraries/projects/lovecanal/introduction.html. Retrieved 2007-02-03. 
3. ^ http://www.ag.ny.gov/media_center/2010/nov/nov30a_10.html, New York State Office of the Attorney General ATTORNEY GENERAL CUOMO REACHES AGREEMENT WITH THE CITY OF NIAGARA FALLS TO REFORM ITS POLICE PRACTICES
4. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2008-04-15. http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreg/docs/All_Data.html. 
5. ^ http://www.city-data.com/city/Niagara-Falls-New-York.html
6. ^ http://www.niagara-gazette.com/archivesearch/local_story_215232302.html
7. ^ http://www.niagara-gazette.com/archivesearch/local_story_032214739.html
8. ^ http://www.niagara-gazette.com/archivesearch/local_story_132233620.html
9. ^ http://www.niagara-gazette.com/archivesearch/local_story_257235517.html
10. ^ http://www.niagara-usa.com/ntcc_about.html
11. ^ http://www.niagara-usa.com/index.html
12. ^ http://www.niagara-gazette.com/archivesearch/local_story_066234429.html
13. ^ http://niagarafallsreporter.com/column480.html, Niagara Falls Reporter OPINION: Tax Hike Insanity
14. ^ http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Story?id=5814518
15. ^ [1]
16. ^ [2]
17. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
18. ^ http://www.wunderground.com/history/airport/KIAG/2010/1/31/DailyHistory.html?req_city=NA&req_state=NA&req_statename=NA
19. ^ http://www.wunderground.com/history/airport/KIAG/2010/7/25/DailyHistory.html
20. ^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Niagara Falls, New York". http://www.wunderground.com/history/airport/KIAG/2010/3/31/DailyHistory.html?req_city=NA&req_state=NA&req_statename=NA. Retrieved July 20, 2011. 
21. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
22. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls_Reporter
23. ^ [3] Audit Bureau of Circulations
24. ^ Kimmler (1975-11-22). "Hurricanes May Under Go Sex Change". The Orange County Register. http://www.ocregister.com. 
25. ^ http://rachael.caged-child.net/info.php
26. ^ SABR article on the 1949 Drummondville Cubs

External links

• Niagara Falls Reporter Newspaper site
• Niagara Gazette Newspaper site
• City of Niagara Falls Official site
• Niagara USA tourism site
• USA Niagara Development Corp. site
• NiagaraDowntown virtual tour site
• "What has Niagara Falls?" ~ Frank Parlato Jr. Now-classic essay on the many wonders, marvels and sights to see along the Niagara; originally published in the Niagara Falls Reporter.
• Buffalo Niagara Riverkeeper
• NiagaraTimes.Com
• Oakwood Cemetery Association