The Manchester Studios

The Manchester Studios
Granada Studios
Granada House with the original two-storey studios in the foreground. The broadcasting tower and the red Granada TV logo on Granada House have since been removed
Former names	Granada Studios
Alternative names	Quay Street Studios 3SixtyMedia Studios[1]
General information
Type	Television studios
Location	Manchester, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
Address	Quay Street Manchester M60 9EA
Coordinates	53°28′44″N 2°15′17″W / 53.478958°N 2.254783°W / 53.478958; -2.254783
Current tenants	Granada ITV, Red Production Company
Construction started	1954
Completed	1962[2]
Inaugurated	3 May 1956 (first broadcast)
Renovated	1987 (for Granada Studios Tour) 2006 (to Bonded Warehouse)
Renovation cost	£3m (1987)
Design and construction
Owner	3SixtyMedia (80% Granada TV and 20% BBC Manchester)[3]
Architect	Ralph Tubbs
Other designers	Sidney Bernstein[4]

The Manchester Studios (or Granada Studios) is a television studio on Quay Street in Manchester with the facility to broadcast live and film drama programmes. The studios have been home to Granada Television since its inception in 1954. The Granada Studios were the first, and remain the oldest operating television studios in the United Kingdom and is arguably the most famous studio alongside BBC Television Centre.^[5]

Until 2010, the studios had a red neon Granada TV sign on roof of the building which was a landmark for rail passengers travelling from the west into Manchester city centre.^[6] A decorative broadcasting tower was erected at the behest of Sidney Bernstein to give the studios an embellished and professional appearance. Currently three main studios, which each cover over 4,500 square feet (420 m²), are still operating.

The studios are owned by ITV Granada and BBC Manchester through a joint venture company, 3SixtyMedia. After a dip in production during the 2000s^[7], the studios have undergone a revival since 2009. Production continues nearly 60 years after construction with Coronation Street, University Challenge and The Jeremy Kyle Show produced at the studios. Countdown moved to Manchester when the Leeds Studios closed in 2009. New programmes such as John Bishop's Britain, The Chase, Divided, Take Me Out and High Stakes are produced and the studios hosted the first ever General Election debate in April 2010.

Granada Studios will close by 2013 when Granada moves to MediaCityUK. The Quay Street site will be sold for redevelopment while the original Coronation Street set could be maintained by MOSI.^[8] Granada House is not a listed building and will most likely be demolished despite being the first and oldest operating television studios in the United Kingdom.^[9]

History

See also: Granada Television

After Granada secured the contract for broadcasting to the North of England on weekdays, the company built a television studio complex while the BBC, Associated Rediffusion, ATV and ABC (Granada's weekend counterparts) converted film studios for television use. The difficulty was that equipment for film was incompatible and new areas were required for playout and transmission facilities. Granada bypassed these problems by creating new studios.

Sidney Bernstein chose its base for northern operations from Leeds, Liverpool^[10] and Manchester.^[11] Granada executive, Victor Peers, believed Manchester was the preferred choice even before Granada executives, Peers, Denis Forman, Reg Hammans and Sidney Bernstein, toured possible locations.^[11][12] One site was identified by Hammans in Leeds and three were found in Manchester which convinced Bernstein to explore further.^[12] Two sites were deemed expensive, and another in Salford Quays was rejected by Bernstein as inadequate.^[13] A site on Quay Street in Manchester city centre owned by Manchester City Council was bought for £82,000.^[11] The land was previously a cemetery containing pauper's graves, where 22,000 people were buried.^[14]

The Granada Studios main entrance

Architecture

The studios were designed by Ralph Tubbs, but Sidney Bernstein was instrumental in influencing designs and giving regular plan briefings.^[15] Bernstein was believed to have some architectural ability despite no experience or formal training.^[15] In his memoirs, Forman noted that, "Anyone who witnessed Sidney at work in one of these sessions had to acknowledge his practical genius as an architect" as Bernstein lectured and demonstrated his plans for the studios to colleagues.^[16] Forman wrote that Tubbs looked "sometimes enthusiastic, sometimes disconsolate"^[17] during Bernstein's lecture briefings.

The logo which adorned the building was in a period font and remained in position from 1961 until 2010. Bernstein, keen to save money, had the studios built in a modular, sequential cycle - so new facilities were built unless was there demand. This led to a jumbled appearance as the company expanded and renovated the site which encompassed a bonded warehouse built in the Victorian era.

The original studios were in a two-storey building on Quay Street. Bernstein stipulated in 1956 the company needed the bare minumum of studio space and was unwilling to invest in facilities that would rarely be used.^[18] This was the reason construction took from 1954 to 1962 and the save money at all costs mantra was reflective Sidney Bernstein's business plan. Facilities expanded and a tower block was built next and studios expanded over time.

Renovation

In 2000, the Granada Studios were taken over by 3SixtyMedia, a joint venture between Granada Television and BBC Manchester. Granada produced many programmes for the BBC such as University Challenge, The Royle Family and What The Papers Say^[19] and the link allowed the BBC use of the three large studios compared with one atNew Broadcasting House.

The warehouse next to Granada Studios where Granada house offices and produce some programmes such as Granada Reports^[20]

In 2002, the studio's reception area was moved from the eastern end of the tower block off Atherton Street, to the western end inside the compound so visitors passed through a secure area before accessing the non-public reception. The old reception area is now unused. Granada unveiled plans to move into the bonded warehouse adjacent to Granada House in 2003.^[21] One of the four studios would be decommissioned as part of the move^[21], but this plan was postponed as plans for the BBC to move production to Manchester emerged.

Asbestos was found at the studios in October 2002, but not removed until the spring 2006 costing of thousands of pounds.^[22] The renovation meant programmes such as Mastermind and An Audience with Coronation Street were moved to The Leeds Studios and The London Studios respectively.^[22] In 2006, the 21 acre studio facility employed approximately 1,200 people.^[21]

After the BBC selected MediaCityUK as its new Manchester operating base, Granada progressed its £18m move to the bonded warehouse.^[23] About 800 office employees moved to the renovated warehouse, leaving 400 employees in the Granada building which houses three studios.^[24]

The iconic "Granada TV" sign on Manchester skyline, remained in place on the roof and sides of the buildings until September 2010 despite rebranding and the merger between Granada and Carlton. A safety check revealed the signs, that had been in place since the 1950s, were severely corroded and unsafe. They were removed from the penthouse suite in October 2010. Other signs remain on the side of the tower and on either side of the small building on Quay Street. A large ITV logo by the entrance has been placed next to the gate. By the entrance to the studio tour, the signs have been removed and replaced with the ITV logo, and the Granada name painted over.

Relocation

Granada Studios, the first purpose built and oldest television studios in UK, became outdated in an era of high definition television. Despite its iconic status, Granada House has been described as a "1960's nightmare" by staff.^[25]

The merger between Granada plc and Carlton Communications to form ITV plc created speculation that the Quay Street complex would be sold. In 2004, a plan for the production centre to be sold for development and the regional news centre and staff moved into the bonded warehouse in the complex. Production would move to Yorkshire Television's Leeds Studios, and other centres including independent facilities.

The company negotiated with Peel Holdings with a view to relocating to Trafford Wharf, next to Imperial War Museum North and the MediaCityUK development. The proposal meant the outdoor Coronation Street set would need to be relocated, and plans to create a Media hub at Quay Street abandoned. The discussions continued for many years but in March 2009, Granada reported that due to the poor financial climate, it would remain at Quay Street "for the forseeable future". Talks resumed in January 2010 after a change of management at ITV plc and Granada announced on 16 December 2010 that it would move production and ancillary staff to the Orange Building in the MediaCityUK complex to produce Granada Reports and production of Coronation Street would take place at a facility across the Manchester Ship Canal in Trafford Park on Trafford Wharf. The new facility will have studios with production units, set storage, dressing rooms, studio space for interior sets and a new outdoor set which is expected to open in 2012.

Future

It appears likely that the Quay Street site will be sold for development dependent on Manchester City Council's agreement as the council owns land on the site. It would be a prime redevelopment site regardless of the studios' historical importance. A 2003 article in the Daily Telegraph estimated the Granada House building could sell for £15m^[26], a speculative figure considering the economic situation in 2011.

Granada Studios Tour

Main article: Granada Studios Tour

The Granada Studios Tour entrance in 2006

The Granada Studios Tour operated from 1989 to 1999 and gave the public the opportunity to visit the Coronation Street set and explore other Granada productions. The idea was ambitious and unprecedented. John Williams, head of studio operations at Granada, promoted the project to provide a new revenue stream for Granada,^[27] the only television company to embark on such a venture. The park featured a replica of No. 10 Downing Street, and visitors were shown how television is produced, had the opportunity to present a weather forecast and learned about special effects. The main feature of the tour was the set of Coronation Street, which allowed visitors access to the street.

In 1997, Granada built Skytrak, a "flying roller-coaster" which tilted riders forward as the ride progressed. Skytrak, an uncomfortable ride, was considered a failure and was plagued by mechanical unreliability. Nevertheless, it was the first roller-coaster of its type in the world.^[28]

The tour was initially popular, attracting 5.5 million visits between 1988 and 1999,^[29] but the attraction fell into disrepair as Granada concentrated on other priorities such as the launch of OnDigital (ITV Digital)in the late 1990s. Visitor numbers waned and the tour closed in 1999.^[29] The entrance to the park remains, but the Granada Studios Tour sign has been removed and replaced with an ITV logo.

Studios

Live studios

The studio complex comprises the original building and office block accessible from Quay Street, with other studios around the complex. When completed, Granada's studios were numbered evenly to falsely embellish the size of the complex and make Granada Television appear to be a large broadcaster. Granada Studios main studios - Studio 6, 8 and 12 - are housed in Granada House.^[30]

Operating

Of the original studios four remain:^[31]

• Studio 2 - A small studio housing Granada Reports and Granada News.^[31]
• Studio 6 - A compact studio measuring 414m² (4,456 ft²) currently housing The Jeremy Kyle Show.^[31] It was intended to be mothballed to reduce maintenance costs in 2003, but was reprieved after programme production increased.^[21]
• Studio 8 - A medium-sized studio measuring 491m² (5,285 ft²) with a capacity of 240 is used for filming quiz shows such as University Challenge, Mastermind, The Krypton Factor, Countdown and The Chase.^[31]
• Studio 12 - A large studio measuring 733m² (7,889 ft²) with a capacity of 524 is used for entertainment shows. The Beatles filmed their first television performance in this studio and the studio hosted the First Election Debate in 201o.^[31]

Closed

• Studio 4 - A small in vision continuity studio was mothballed, then converted into offices and now part of reception.
• Studio 10 - Not in the studio complex. Studio 10 was at the Chelsea Palace Theatre, London and used for interviews and filming acts outside Manchester. It was sold by Granada in the 1960s.^[32]

In addition to the original studios, there are other studios located around the complex. The Garden Studio is located in the garden, south of the tower, and is 477m² and used for interview based programmes or press shoots.

Drama studios

Granada Studios backlot which features the Coronation Street sets

The Starlight Theatre was part of the Granada Studios Tour changed into two studios of 700m² and 424m². It was used for drama productions and late-night ITV Play programming. It is located in the southwest corner of the site. The Blue Shed which measures 1577m² is not available for public hire.

Post production facilities are located in the tower block as are green rooms and other guest facilities. The site contains the set of Coronation Street on the south of the site, and the bonded warehouse on south west.

Granada backlot - Coronation Street set

Main article: Coronation Street sets

Adjacent to the main studio building and behind the Bonded Warehouse is the Coronation Street. The current set was first created in 1982 and has remained since.

Productions at Granada Studios

See List of television programmes set, produced or filmed in Manchester for further productions made at Granada and in Manchester

Fictional programmes recorded at Granada

Off air denotes if the programme has been cancelled or if the programme is now recorded elsewhere

Programme Channel Studio Status Years Notes University Challenge ITV/BBC Two 8 On air Countdown Channel 4 8 On air High Stakes ITV 12 On air The Jeremy Kyle Show ITV 6 On air Divided ITV 8 On air You've Been Framed ITV Off air A Question of Sport BBC Off air Also filmed at New Broadcasting House. Now filmed at MediaCityUK. John Bishop's Britain BBC 12 Off air Moved to MediaCityUK in 2011 Take Me Out ITV 12 Off air First series filmed at Granada but has now moved to Maidstone Studios. The Chase ITV 8 Off air 2009 First series in 2009 filmed at Granada Studios before moving to The London Studios Peter Kay's Britain's Got the Pop Factor... Channel 4 12 Off air 2008 Soapstar Superstar ITV 12 Off air The Krypton Factor ITV 8 Off air First series in 2009 filmed at Granada Studios before moving to The London Studios The Comedians ITV Off air So It Goes ITV Off air Runway ITV Off air Stars in Their Eyes ITV 12 Off air Lift Off with Ayshea ITV Off air Connections ITV Off air What The Papers Say ITV/Channel 4/BBC Two 2 Off air Shang-a-lang ITV Off air

Productions

This list includes fictional programmes or documentaries that were/are produced or partly filmed at The Manchester Studios. This list includes productions from Granada Television, Red Production Company and RSJ Films who are all based at The Studios

Coronation Street Seven Up! A Family At War The Dustbinmen The Stars Look Down Laurence Olivier Presents Brideshead Revisited The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes The Jewel in the Crown Cribb First Among Equals Nearest and Dearest The Lovers The Cuckoo Waltz Watching. Wood and Walters The Practice Max and Paddy's Road to Nowhere Phoenix Nights Albion Market Clocking Off

Doctor Zhivago The Corridor People Jeeves and Wooster Band of Gold Bob & Rose Linda Green Having It Off Burn It The Deal Thatcher: The Final Days The Second Coming Conviction Blue Murder Sex Traffic Dirty Filthy Love Casanova Vincent Living with Michael Jackson Scott & Bailey Exile Queer as Folk

Crown Court Lost Empires Surgical Spirit Marc Allsorts Reckless Prime Suspect Cracker Cold Feet Lewis The Street Island at War Vincent See No Evil: The Moors Murders Britannia High Eleventh Hour City Lights Cold Feet The Royle Family The Last Train

See also

• Media in Manchester
• Granada Television
• Granada plc
• Granada Studios Tour

References

Citations

1. ^ "BBC - Venue - 3sixtymedia". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/showsandtours/shows/venues/3sixtymedia_studios. Retrieved 2011-10-19. 
2. ^ Elen, Richard. "Granada Television". screenonline.org.uk. http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/507673/. Retrieved 6 July 2011. "The practical-looking building, finished finally in 1962, looks very much of its time, with rectangular lines and a lot of glass, and is still in use" 
3. ^ "BBC Resources merges with Granada Media". The Guardian. 2 August 2000. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2000/aug/02/bbc.efinance. Retrieved 2011-10-20. "The new company, called 3sixtymedia, will be 20% owned by the BBC and 80% by Granada." 
4. ^ Forman. p. 54. "It was during this period, when both time and money were short, that I was first to see Sidney acting in the role of architect" 
5. ^ "5 Granada Television Quay Street". masaimedia.co.uk. 20 June 2011. http://masaimedia.co.uk/2011/06/20/the-top-ten-uk-tv-studios/. 
6. ^ "ITV takes down famous Granada TV sign". Digital Spy. 27 September 2010. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/broadcasting/news/a278879/itv-takes-down-famous-granada-tv-sign.html. 
7. ^ "Granada moving, but only next door". Manchester Evening News. 19 November 2003. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/73/73449_granada_moving_but_only_next_door.html. 
8. ^ "Plan to preserve Coronation Street's famous cobbles". Manchester Evening News. 17 December 2010. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/1396037_plan_to_preserve_coronation_streets_famous_cobbles. Retrieved 31 July 2011. 
9. ^ "Granada TV Building, Manchester". February 2005. http://www.c20society.org.uk/botm/archive/2005/granada-tv-building-manchester.html. 
10. ^ Forman, Denis (1997). Persona Granada. Andre Deutsch. p. 53. 
11. ^ ^{a b c} "Granada's Founding Father". teletronic.co.uk. http://www.teletronic.co.uk/bernstein.htm. Retrieved 27 July 2011. 
12. ^ ^{a b} Forman. p. 53. 
13. ^ Forman. p. 54. 
14. ^ "Nightmare on Corrie". The Sun. 9 May 2009. http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/showbiz/tv/soaps/2417966/Nightmare-on-Coronation-Street-as-stars-fear-set-is-haunted.html?print=yes. 
15. ^ ^{a b} "Granada Television". screenonline.org. http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/507673/. Retrieved 2011-10-19. "Architect Ralph Tubbs, who had designed the Dome of Discovery for the Festival of Britain, was called in and was given a comprehensive brief during ongoing planning sessions by Sidney Bernstein, who had quite an ability as an architect." 
16. ^ Forman. p. 54. 
17. ^ Forman. p. 54. 
18. ^ "Television Gets A Complex". transdiffusion.org. 28 January 2009. http://www.transdiffusion.org/emc/studioone/tvcentres.php. 
19. ^ Moyes, Jojo (2 August 2000). "BBC joins forces with Granada to make TV shows". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/bbc-joins-forces-with-granada-to-make-tv-shows-711181.html. Retrieved 2011-10-19. 
20. ^ Wylie, Ian (11 January 2006). "Historic move for Granada TV". Manchester Evening News. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/198/198462_historic_move_for_granada_tv.html. Retrieved 27 June 2011. 
21. ^ ^{a b c d} "Granada moving, but only next door". Manchester Evening News. 19 November 2003. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/73/73449_granada_moving_but_only_next_door.html. Retrieved 2011-10-11. 
22. ^ ^{a b} "TV studio asbestos clean-up.". The People. 7 May 2006. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/TV+studio+asbestos+clean-up.-a0145428720. Retrieved 6 August 2011. 
23. ^ "ITV steps up relocation plans". The Guardian. 11 January 2006. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2006/jan/11/broadcasting.bbc1. Retrieved 2011-10-11. 
24. ^ "Historic move for Granada TV". Manchester Evening News. 11 January 2006. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/198/198462_historic_move_for_granada_tv.html. Retrieved 2011-10-11. 
25. ^ "Granada moving, but only next door". Manchester Evening News. 19 November 2003. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/73/73449_granada_moving_but_only_next_door.html. "The switch would spell the end for the iconic building on Quay Street which supporters see as a symbol of the company's proud regional ethos but insiders say is a "1960s nightmare"." 
26. ^ "North-west business awards: 'We'll keep Granada in Manchester'". Daily Telegraph. 8 December 2003. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/yourbusiness/2871223/North-west-business-awards-Well-keep-Granada-in-Manchester.html. Retrieved 2011-10-11. 
27. ^ Whalley, Mike (27 June 2011). "Smooth operator: New Manchester City executive John Williams in profile". Manchester Evening News. http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/sport/football/manchester_city/s/1424882_smooth-operator-new-manchester-city-executive-john-williams-in-profile. Retrieved 28 June 2011. 
28. ^ "Remembered: Granada Studios Tour". G Force magazine. 15 October 2010. http://www.gforcemag.com/2010/remembered-granada-studios/. 
29. ^ ^{a b} "Granada studio tours to end". BBC News. 18 January 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1124243.stm. Retrieved 28 June 2011. 
30. ^ "3SixtyMedia: Virtual Tour". manchester-studio-tv. http://www.the-manchester-studios.tv/vt/index.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-19. 
31. ^ ^{a b c d e} "3SixtyMedia Studios - Technical Specification". the-manchester-studios.tv. http://www.the-manchester-studios.tv/pdf/3SMTechSpecUpdated.pdf. Retrieved 2011-10-19. 
32. ^ Chelsea Palace Theatre "Chelsea Palace Theatre". tvstudiohistory.co.uk. http://www.tvstudiohistory.co.uk/studio%20history.htm#chelsea%20palace Chelsea Palace Theatre. Retrieved 4 July 2011. 

Bibliography

• Cox, Michael (2003). Granada Television: The First Generation. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 0719065151. 
• Fitzwalter, Raymond (2008). The Dream That Died: The Rise and Fall of ITV. Matador. ISBN 1906221839. 
• Forman, Denis (1997). Persona Granada: Memories of Sidney Bernstein and the Early Years of Independent Television. Andre Deutsch. ISBN 978-0233989877. 

External links

• 3Sixty Media - Owners of The Manchester Studios Website almost wholly devoted to Quay Street.
• YouTube video - Granada Reports bids farewell to Quay Street
• Transdiffusion Studio One - Article on BBC Television Centre which includes some information about construction of Quay Street
• The Manchester Studios Website - Provided information about Studios
• TVARK Granada Gallery - Included info of Granada Studios tour and of studio layout.
• TV Studio History