- O'Hare International Airport
-
"ORD" redirects here. For other uses, see Ord (disambiguation)."Ohare" redirects here. For people with that name, see O'Hare (surname).
Chicago O'Hare International Airport 
USGS aerial image, 2011 IATA: ORD – ICAO: KORD – FAA LID: ORD Summary Airport type Public Owner City of Chicago Operator Chicago Airport System Serves Chicago, Illinois, USA Hub for Elevation AMSL 668 ft / 204 m Coordinates 41°58′43″N 87°54′17″W / 41.97861°N 87.90472°WCoordinates: 41°58′43″N 87°54′17″W / 41.97861°N 87.90472°W Website Map Location of airport in Chicago
ORDRunways Direction Length Surface ft m 4L/22R 7,500 2,286 Asphalt 4R/22L 8,075 2,461 Asphalt 9L/27R 7,500 2,286 Concrete 9R/27L 7,967 2,428 Asphalt/Concrete 10/28 13,001 3,962 Asphalt/Concrete 14L/32R 10,005 3,050 Asphalt 14R/32L 9,685 2,952 Asphalt/Concrete Helipads Number Length Surface ft m H1 200 61 Concrete Statistics (2010) Passenger volume 66,665,390 Sources: FAA[1] and airport's website.[2] Chicago O'Hare International Airport (IATA: ORD, ICAO: KORD, FAA LID: ORD), also known as O'Hare Airport, O'Hare Field, Chicago Airport, Chicago International Airport, or simply O'Hare, is a major airport located in the northwestern-most corner of Chicago, Illinois, United States, 17 miles (27 km) northwest of the Chicago Loop. It is the primary airport serving the Chicago area, with Chicago Midway International Airport, about 10 miles (16 km) closer to the Loop, serving as a secondary airport for domestic flights.
United Airlines (including United Express) is the largest airline at O'Hare, carrying over 45% of passengers. O'Hare is the largest hub for United Airlines but will become the second-largest United hub in terms of flight operations after Houston-Bush following the merger with Continental. American Airlines (including American Eagle) has the second largest operation at O'Hare, carrying 37.08% of passengers. O'Hare is its second-largest hub after Dallas/Fort Worth.[3]
Prior to 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport in terms of takeoffs and landings. Mainly due to limits imposed by the federal government to reduce flight delays at O'Hare,[4] Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport became the busiest by that metric in 2005. O'Hare is now the third busiest airport in the world with 66,665,390 passengers passing through the airport in 2010, a +3.3% change from 2009.[5] It is the world's second busiest airport in terms of aircraft movements. In 2008, the airport had 881,566 aircraft operations, an average of 2,409 per day (64% scheduled commercial, 33% air taxi, 3% general aviation and <1% military).[1] O'Hare has a strong international presence, with flights to more than 60 foreign destinations: it is the fourth busiest international gateway in the United States behind John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City, Los Angeles International Airport and Miami International Airport.
O’Hare has been voted the "Best Airport in North America" for 10 years by two separate sources: Readers of the U.S. Edition of Business Traveler Magazine (1998–2003) and Global Traveler Magazine (2004–2007).[6] Travel and Leisure magazine's 2009 "America's Favorite Cities" ranked Chicago's Airport System (O'Hare and Midway) the second-worst for delays, New York City's airport system (JFK, Newark Liberty, and LaGuardia) being the first.[7] O'Hare currently accounts for over a sixth of the nation's total flight cancellations.[8]
It is operated by the City of Chicago Department of Aviation, associated with an umbrella regional authority. Most of O'Hare Airport is in Cook County, but a section of the southwest part of the airport is in DuPage County. The Cook County portion is located within a section of the city of Chicago contiguously connected to the rest of the city via a narrow strip of land about 200 feet (61 m) wide, running along Foster Ave. from the Des Plaines River to the airport. This land was annexed into the city limits in the 1950s to assure the massive tax revenue associated with the airport being part of the city. The strip is bounded on the north by Rosemont and the south by Schiller Park.[9]
The airport is named after Edward O'Hare, the U.S. Navy's first flying ace and Medal of Honor recipient in World War II.
Contents
History
Model of "Butch" O'Hare's Grumman F4F-3 Wildcat on display in Terminal 2 of the airport
World War II
See also: Illinois World War II Army AirfieldsThe airport was constructed in 1942–43 as a manufacturing plant for Douglas C-54s during World War II.[10] The site was chosen for its proximity to the city and transportation.[10] The two million square-foot (180,000 m²) factory needed easy access to the workforce of the nation's then-second-largest city, as well as its extensive railroad infrastructure. Orchard Place was a small nearby farming community.[10]
Douglas Company's contract ended in 1945 and though plans were proposed to build commercial aircraft, the company ultimately chose to concentrate production on the west coast. With the departure of Douglas, the airport took the name Orchard Field Airport, the source of its three-letter IATA code ORD.
In 1945, the facility was chosen by the city of Chicago as the site for a facility to meet future aviation demands. Matthew Laflin Rockwell (1915–1988) was the director of planning for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and responsible for the site selection and design of O'Hare International Airport. He was the great grandson of Matthew Laflin, a founder and pioneer of Chicago. The airport was renamed to "O'Hare International Airport" in 1949.
Commercial development
By the early 1950s Chicago Midway International Airport, Chicago's primary airport since 1931, had become too crowded despite multiple expansions and could not handle the planned first generation of jets. The city of Chicago and the FAA began to develop O'Hare as the main airport for Chicago's future.
Commercial passenger flights started in 1955 and by the following year O'Hare was served by American, BOAC, Braniff, Capital, Delta, Eastern, North Central, Pan Am, TWA and United, along with freight airlines Riddle and Slick.[11] O'Hare also opened a $1 million "Skymotive" terminal for corporate aircraft in 1955, the first of its kind.[12]
Growth was slow at first. By 1957 Chicago had invested over $25 million in O'Hare, but Midway remained the world's busiest airport and airlines were reluctant to relocate all of their services to O'Hare until better highway access and other capital improvements were completed.[13] The April 1957 Official Airline Guide shows 10 weekday departures on United, 9 on American, 6 on Capital, 3 Eastern, 3 TWA, 2 Delta, 2 North Central, and 1 Braniff. Also three weekly Pan Am and one weekly BOAC (Air France and Lufthansa were at Midway). O'Hare's first dedicated international terminal opened in August 1958. By April 1959 the airport had expanded to 7,200 acres (29 km2) with new hangars, terminals, parking and other facilities. The expressway link to downtown Chicago was completed in 1960.[11]
All fixed-wing scheduled airline service in Chicago moved from Midway to O'Hare by July 1962. President John F. Kennedy attended a dedication ceremony in 1963.[11] The arrival of Midway's former traffic quickly made O'Hare the world's busiest airport, serving 10 million passengers annually. Within two years that number would double, with more people passing through O'Hare in 12 months than Ellis Island had processed in its entire existence. In late 1972, Chicago city officials reached an agreement with airlines to shift some services back to Midway in order to ease the overcrowding at O'Hare.[14] Despite this, O'Hare remained the world's busiest airport through the 1970s and 1980s.[15] In the late 1970s Midway was nearly abandoned; it enjoyed a revival after startup carrier Midway Airlines began low-cost service there in 1979-80.[16]
Airline Operations (Takeoffs Plus Landings) Midway O'Hare 1958 337421 66205 1959 345170 82417 1960 298582 163351 1961 187978 235908 1962 46873 331090 1963 19054 358266 1964 19017 389640 1965 16716 443026 1966 5090 478644 1967 4427 573506 1968 26941 628632 1969 31394 632030 1970 43553 598973 1971 51734 565826 Pre-deregulation service
Prior to airline deregulation in 1978, a number of major airlines had focused operations at O'Hare.
American Airlines, United Airlines and Trans World Airlines operated numerous routes to the West Coast, Northeast and Midwest, and TWA also served Europe nonstop from Chicago.[17][18][19] Northwest Orient Airlines offered flights to the Northeast, Pacific Northwest, Florida and Hawaii, as well as service through Alaska to Japan and the Far East.[20] Delta Air Lines served destinations in the Southeast and Midwest.[21]
During this era, Terminal 1 was used for international flights. Terminal 2 (concourses D, E and F) served United, Ozark, Braniff, Eastern, Northwest, Continental and Piedmont. In Terminal 3, Concourse G served TWA and Air Canada, and Concourses H and K served American, Delta and North Central (later merged into Republic Airlines).
Post-deregulation developments
In the 1980s, after deregulation, TWA replaced Chicago with St. Louis as its main mid-continent hub.[22] Northwest likewise shifted to a Minneapolis and Detroit-centered network by the early 1990s following its acquisition of Republic Airlines in 1986.[23]
United and American both established nationwide hubs at the airport in the 1980s which continue to operate today. United developed a new Terminal 1 designed by Helmut Jahn, which was built between 1985 and 1987 on the site of the old international terminal. American renovated its existing facilities in Terminal 3 by 1990. Delta maintained a Chicago hub for some time, and opened a new Concourse L in Terminal 3 (initially known as the "Delta Flight Center") in 1983, but ultimately closed its Chicago hub in the 1990s.
Due to the construction of Terminal 1 for United, international flights were relocated to a temporary Terminal 4 from 1984 until 1993. Terminal 4 was located on the ground floor of the main parking garage; international passengers would check in there and be taken directly to their aircraft by bus. A new Terminal 5 opened in 1993 to handle all international arrivals and many international departures. Since the opening of Terminal 5, Terminal 4 has been changed into the airport's facility for CTA buses, hotel shuttles, and other ground transportation; the T4 designation may be used again in the future as new terminals are developed. The CTA Blue Line was extended to the airport in 1984.[11]
Total annual passenger volume at O'Hare reached 30 million in 1968, 40 million in 1976, 60 million in 1990 and 70 million in 1997.[11]
Delta moved from Terminal 3 to Terminal 2 in 2009 in order to align its operations with merger partner Northwest Airlines. Continental moved from Terminal 2 to Terminal 1 in 2010 as part of its merger with United Airlines.[24]
United States Air Force use
The original Douglas Aircraft C-54 Skymaster transport manufacturing plant on the northeast side of the airport became a United States Air Force Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve facility after World War II. It was used by the USAF from 1947 until 1999 as O'Hare Air Reserve Station, making the airport a joint civil-military airfield during this period.
The 1993 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) Commission recommended the closure of O'Hare Air Reserve Station as proposed by the municipal government of the City of Chicago and the transfer of both the Illinois Air National Guard's 126th Air Refueling Wing (126 ARW) and its KC-135 aircraft, and the Air Force Reserve Command's 928th Airlift Wing (928 AW) and its C-130 aircraft to new facilities to be constructed at Scott AFB, Illinois. The 126 ARW moved from the former O'Hare Air Reserve Station at O'Hare International Airport to Scott AFB, Illinois in 1999 as recommended by the Base Realignment and Closure Commission's Report to Congress in conjunction with the closure of the Air Force Reserve Command and Air National Guard facilities at O'Hare. Instead of moving to Scott AFB, subsequent BRAC action directed that the 928 AW be inactivated and its C-130 aircraft reallocated to other Air Force, Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard units.
Following the closure of the O'Hare Air Reserve Station, the former USAF facilities were redeveloped for air cargo and general aviation. Today, Signature Flight Support services private aircraft in this area.
Accidents and incidents
1057 fatalities have occurred as a result of accidents en route to or from Chicago O'Hare.[25]
- On September 2, 2010, American Airlines Flight 1487 to Reno, Nevada was struck by lightning and forced to return. No one was hurt.
- On the afternoon of November 7, 2006, a group of United Airlines workers reported seeing an unidentified flying object near gate C-17.[26]
- On October 8, 2001, on American Airlines Flight 1238, en route from Los Angeles to Chicago, a psychotic passenger stormed the cockpit 40 minutes before landing in Chicago, causing the plane to drop sharply and spark panic. In light of the fear ignited by 9/11, flight crew and passengers were quickly able to wrestle the man to the ground and subdue him. Additionally, a distress signal was sent by the pilots, causing two F-16s to race at supersonic speeds to intercept and escort the aircraft to O'Hare International Airport. This caused a sonic boom in Chicago's northwest suburbs, startling millions of residents.[27]
- On April 1, 1999, a near-miss occurred on the intersection on Runways 14 right and 27 left between Korean Air Flight 36 and Air China 9018, both Boeing 747s. The Korean Air 747-400 pilot took evasive action by applying maximum power, rotating earlier than planned, and rolling slightly left once airborne to avoid the Air China Boeing 747 freighter. The aircraft missed each other by an estimated 75 feet (23 m). The actions of the Korean Air flight crew are credited with saving everyone on board both aircraft.[28] 7 years later, on July 23, 2006, another near-miss occurred between Giant 6972, an Atlas Air Boeing 747 and United Airlines Flight 1015, a Boeing 737, who missed each other by 35 feet (11 m).[29]
- On February 9, 1998, American Airlines Flight 1340 crashed upon landing in Chicago from Kansas City International Airport injuring 22 passengers.[30]
- On October 31, 1994, American Eagle Flight 4184 crashed over northwestern Indiana en route to Chicago, killing all 68 people on board.[31]
- On September 8, 1994, USAir Flight 427 crashed on approach to Pittsburgh, PA, after departing O'Hare, killing all 132 people on board.[32]
- On July 19, 1989, United Airlines Flight 232, en route to Chicago from Denver, crash-landed in Sioux City, Iowa, killing 111 people on board.[33]
- On August 10, 1986, American Trans Air Flight 131 exploded on the tarmac at O'Hare, destroying the plane.[34]
- On March 19, 1982, a USAF KC-135 crashed upon approach to O'Hare 40 miles (64 km) northwest of the city (near Woodstock), killing 27 people on board.[35]
- On May 25, 1979, American Airlines Flight 191 crashed just after takeoff on runway 32R from Chicago en route to Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California, killing all 271 people on board and two people on the ground. The crash remains the deadliest single-aircraft crash in United States history, and the worst aviation disaster in the nation before September 11, 2001.[36]
- On March 28, 1977, Douglas C-47A N57131 of Emery Worldwide was destroyed by fire following a taxiing accident. The aircraft was due to operate a cargo flight.[37]
- On December 20, 1972, North Central Airlines Flight 575 crashed upon takeoff, killing 10 passengers.[38]
- On December 27, 1968, North Central Airlines Flight 458 crashed into a hangar at O'Hare, killing 27 onboard and one on the ground.[39]
- On March 21, 1968 United Airlines Flight 9963 a Boeing 727 overran runway 09R on take off. None of the 3 crew on board were killed but injured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.[40]
- On August 16, 1965, United Airlines Flight 389 crashed 30 miles (48 km) east of O'Hare while on approach, killing all 30 onboard.[41]
- On September 17, 1961, Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 706 had a mechanical failure in control surfaces and crashed upon takeoff at Chicago O'Hare killing all 37 onboard.[42]
Terminals
United Airlines Terminal 1, Concourse B
American Airlines Terminal 3 Main Hall
Terminal 5 – InternationalO'Hare has four numbered passenger terminals with nine lettered concourses and a total of 182 aircraft gates. Two or more additional terminal buildings are envisioned; there is the possibility of a large terminal complex for the west side of the field, with access from I-90 and/or the Elgin-O'Hare Expressway, if the runway reconfiguration is completed and passenger numbers require additional terminals.
Note: All international arrivals at O'Hare (except flights from destinations with border preclearance) are handled at Terminal 5.
Aircraft taxiing in ChicagoTerminal 1
Terminal 1 houses the hub of United Airlines and departures for some of its Star Alliance partners. It has 53 gates on two concourses:
- Concourse B - 23 gates
- Concourse C - 30 gates
Concourses B and C are linear concourses located in separate buildings parallel to each other. Concourse B is adjacent to the airport roadway and houses passenger check-in, baggage claim and security screening on its landside and aircraft gates on its airside. Concourse C is a satellite concourse with gates on all sides. Passengers transit between the two concourses via a pedestrian tunnel under the tarmac and are treated to a neon light show and music while riding on moving walkways.
United Airlines runs a post-security shuttle service between Concourse C (Gate C-9) and Concourses E & F (Gate E-2A) in Terminal 2. United operates three United Clubs in Terminal 1 (two in Concourse B, one in Concourse C) as well as a United First International Lounge and United Arrivals Suite in Concourse C.
Terminal 1 houses All Nippon Airways's Chicago office.[43]
Terminal 2
Terminal 2 houses US Airways and Delta Air Lines. United Express also operates a number of flights from Terminal 2, but check-in for these flights is conducted in Terminal 1. Terminal 2 has 38 gates on two concourses:
-
- Concourse E - 16 gates
- Concourse F - 22 gates
United Airlines runs a United Club in Concourse F near gate F4A, while Delta has a SkyClub on Concourse E.
Terminal 3
Terminal 3 houses the American Airlines hub, as well as departing flights for certain oneworld alliance carriers and unaffiliated domestic low-cost carriers. Terminal 3 has 80 gates on four concourses:
- Concourse G - 26 gates
- Concourse H - 21 gates
- Concourse K - 22 gates
- Concourse L - 11 gates
Concourse G primarily houses American Eagle operations, while concourses H and K house American mainline operations, and concourse L, the previous home of Delta, now primarily houses low-cost carrier operations. Terminal 3 has two American Airlines Admirals Clubs and a Flagship Lounge.
Terminal 5 (International Terminal)
All international arrivals at O'Hare (excluding flights from destinations with U.S. border preclearance) are processed at Terminal 5, which also handles most non-US carriers and certain domestic low-cost carriers. Terminal 5 has 21 gates on one concourse (Concourse M).
Terminal 5 houses a number of airline lounges including the Aer Lingus Gold Circle Club, Air France Lounge, Alitalia Sala Freccia Alata, British Airways Lounge, Korean Air Lounge, SAS Business Lounge and Swiss Lounge.
Airlines and destinations
Airlines Destinations Terminal/
ConcourseAer Lingus Dublin 5M Aeroméxico Guadalajara, Mexico City 5M Aeroméxico Connect Durango, Leon/El Bajio, Monterrey
Seasonal: Zacatecas5M Air Canada Montréal-Trudeau, Toronto-Pearson 2E Air Canada Express operated by Jazz Air Montréal-Trudeau, Toronto-Pearson 2E Air Choice One Burlington (IA), Decatur 3L Air France Seasonal: Paris-Charles de Gaulle[44] 5M Air India Delhi, Hyderabad 5M Alaska Airlines Anchorage, Portland (OR), Seattle/Tacoma 3L Alitalia Seasonal: Rome-Fiumicino[45] 5M All Nippon Airways Tokyo-Narita 1C American Airlines Austin, Beijing-Capital, Boston, Dallas/Fort Worth, Delhi, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Kansas City, Las Vegas, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Manchester (UK), Mexico City, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New Orleans, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia, Orange County, Orlando, Paris-Charles de Gaulle , Philadelphia, Phoenix, Raleigh/Durham, Reno/Tahoe, St. Louis, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San Juan, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai-Pudong, Tampa, Tokyo-Narita, Tucson, Tulsa, Washington-National, West Palm Beach
Seasonal: Anchorage, Calgary, Cancún, Cozumel, Dublin, Eagle/Vail, El Paso, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Helsinki, Honolulu, Jackson Hole, Montego Bay, Newark, Palm Springs, Puerto Vallarta, San José del Cabo, Toronto-Pearson3H, 3K, 3L AmericanConnection operated by Chautauqua Airlines Bloomington/Normal, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Dubuque, Flint, Fort Wayne, Grand Rapids, Indianapolis, Kalamazoo, La Crosse, Louisville, Madison, Milwaukee, Moline/Quad Cities, Oklahoma City, Peoria, Rochester (MN), Toledo, Wausau/Stevens Point, White Plains 3L American Eagle Albuquerque, Atlanta, Baltimore, Blountville/Tri-Cities, Buffalo, Calgary, Champaign/Urbana, Charlotte, Charlottesville, Chattanooga, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Dayton, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, Dubuque, Evansville, Fargo, Fayetteville (AR), Grand Rapids, Green Bay, Harrisburg, Hartford, Houston-Intercontinental, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kalamazoo, Kansas City, Knoxville, La Crosse, Lexington, Little Rock, Madison, Manhattan (KS), Marquette, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montréal-Trudeau, Nashville, New Orleans, Newark, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ottawa, Pensacola, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Raleigh/Durham, Rapid City, Richmond, Rochester (MN), Rochester (NY), Salt Lake City, San Antonio, Sioux Falls, Springfield (MO), Syracuse, Toledo, Toronto-Pearson, Traverse City, Tulsa, Washington-National, Watertown (NY), Wichita, Wilmington (NC)
Seasonal: El Paso3G, 3H Asiana Airlines Seoul-Incheon 5M British Airways London-Heathrow 5M Cayman Airways Seasonal: Grand Cayman 5M Cathay Pacific Hong Kong 5M Continental Airlines Cleveland, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Houston-Intercontinental, Newark, Orange County, Orlando, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, St. Thomas
Seasonal: Anchorage, West Palm Beach1B Continental Connection operated by Colgan Air Cleveland 1B Continental Express operated by Chautauqua Airlines Cleveland 1B Continental Express operated by ExpressJet Airlines Cleveland, Newark 1B Copa Airlines Panama City [begins December 15][46] 5M Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul
Seasonal: Salt Lake City2E Delta Air Lines Seasonal: Paris-Charles de Gaulle 5M^ Delta Connection operated by Atlantic Southeast Airlines Atlanta, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul 2E Delta Connection operated by Comair Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK 2E Delta Connection operated by Compass Airlines Minneapolis/St. Paul 2E Delta Connection operated by Mesaba Airlines Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Detroit, Memphis, New York-JFK 2E Delta Connection operated by Pinnacle Airlines Atlanta 2E Delta Connection operated by Shuttle America Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-LaGuardia 2E Delta Connection operated by SkyWest Airlines Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Salt Lake City 2E Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi 5M Iberia Madrid 3K Iceland Express Seasonal: Reykjavik-Keflavik[47] 5M Japan Airlines Tokyo-Narita 3K JetBlue Airways Boston, Long Beach, New York-JFK 3L KLM Amsterdam 5M Korean Air Seoul-Incheon 5M LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw 5M Lufthansa Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Munich 1B Pakistan International Airlines Barcelona, Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore 5M Royal Jordanian Amman-Queen Alia 5M Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen, Stockholm-Arlanda 5M Spirit Airlines Boston, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York-LaGuardia, Orlando
Seasonal: Atlantic City, Myrtle Beach3L Swiss International Air Lines Zürich 5M TACA Airlines Guatemala City, San Salvador 5M Turkish Airlines Istanbul-Atatürk 5M United Airlines Albany, Amsterdam, Atlanta, Baltimore, Beijing-Capital, Boise, Boston, Brussels, Buffalo, Calgary, Cancún, Charlotte, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, Frankfurt, Grand Rapids, Guam, Harrisburg, Hartford/Springfield, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Houston-Intercontinental, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Kona, Las Vegas, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Munich, New Orleans, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Omaha, Orange County, Orlando, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Providence, Puerto Vallarta, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rochester (NY), Sacramento, San Diego, San Francisco, San Juan, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai-Pudong, Tampa, Tokyo-Narita, Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver, Washington-Dulles, Washington-National
Seasonal: Aruba, Bozeman, Cozumel, Jackson Hole, Kahului, Liberia (Costa Rica), Miami, Montego Bay, Palm Springs, Punta Cana, Rapid City, St. Maarten, San José del Cabo1B, 1C United Express operated by Atlantic Southeast Airlines Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Columbia (SC), Columbus (OH), Dayton, Detroit, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Huntsville, Jacksonville, Norfolk, Pensacola, Portland (ME), Roanoke, Rochester (NY), Savannah, South Bend, Syracuse 2E*, 2F* United Express operated by ExpressJet Airlines Akron/Canton, Albany, Allentown/Bethlehem, Appleton, Atlanta, Baltimore, Birmingham (AL), Bismarck, Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charlotte, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Columbia (SC), Dayton, Des Moines, Detroit, Fargo, Fayetteville (AR), Grand Rapids, Green Bay, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Harrisburg, Hartford, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Knoxville, Lansing, Lexington, Lincoln, Little Rock, Louisville, Madison, Manchester (NH), Memphis, Montréal-Trudeau, Nashville, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Ottawa, Pensacola, Peoria, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Rapid City, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester (NY), Savannah, Sioux Falls, South Bend, Springfield (MO), Syracuse, Toronto-Pearson, Traverse City, Tulsa, Wausau/Stevens Point, Wichita, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton 1B, 1C, 2E*, 2F* United Express operated by GoJet Airlines Albany, Austin, Baltimore, Boise, Bozeman, Burlington (VT), Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Dayton, Detroit, Grand Rapids, Greensboro,Hartford, Jacksonville, Kansas City,Madison, Manchester (NH), Moline/Quad Cities, Montréal-Trudeau, New Orleans, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Philadelphia, Portland (ME), Providence, Richmond, Rochester (NY), St. Louis, San Antonio, Syracuse, Toronto-Pearson, Tulsa 1B, 1C, 2F United Express operated by Mesa Airlines Austin, Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Charleston (SC), Charlotte, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Des Moines, Detroit, Harrisburg, Hartford, Houston-Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Madison, Memphis, Miami, Nashville, Norfolk, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Raleigh/Durham, Rochester (NY), San Antonio, Savannah, South Bend, Syracuse 1B, 1C, 2E*, 2F* United Express operated by Shuttle America Albuquerque, Atlanta, Austin, Boston, Buffalo, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charlotte, Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Des Moines, Detroit, Edmonton, Fort Myers, Grand Rapids, Halifax, Hartford, Houston-Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Louisville, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Moline/Quad Cities, Montréal-Trudeau, New Orleans, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Norfolk, Omaha, Ottawa, Pittsburgh, Quebec City, Raleigh/Durham, Rochester (NY), St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, South Bend, Toronto-Pearson, Washington-National, White Plains
Seasonal: Myrtle Beach, Spokane,1B, 1C United Express operated by SkyWest Airlines Albuquerque, Allentown/Bethlehem, Asheville, Atlanta, Austin, Birmingham (AL), Boise, Calgary, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (WV), Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Colorado Springs, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Des Moines, Detroit, Duluth, Eau Claire, Edmonton, Fargo, Fort Wayne, Grand Rapids, Green Bay, Hancock/Houghton, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Knoxville, Lincoln, London (ON), Louisville, Madison, Memphis, Milwaukee, Moline/Quad Cities, Muskegon, Nashville, New Orleans, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ottawa, Paducah, Peoria, Pittsburgh, Quebec City, Regina, St. Louis, Saginaw, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, Saskatoon, Sioux Falls, South Bend, Spokane, Springfield (IL), Syracuse, Traverse City, Tulsa, White Plains, Wichita, Winnipeg
Seasonal: Aspen, Billings, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Kalispell, Missoula, Rapid City1B, 1C, 2E*, 2F* United Express operated by Trans States Airlines Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (SC), Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Dayton, Greensboro, Harrisburg, Huntsville, Knoxville, Manchester (NH), Nashville, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester (NY), St. Louis, Syracuse 1B, 1C US Airways Charlotte, Philadelphia, Phoenix 2E, 2F US Airways Express operated by Republic Airlines Charlotte 2E, 2F USA3000 Airlines Cancun, Ft. Myers [ends January 2], Montego Bay, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, San José del Cabo
Seasonal: Huatulco, Liberia (Costa Rica)5M Virgin America Los Angeles, San Francisco 3L Virgin Atlantic Airways Seasonal: London-Heathrow 5M - - Although Concourses E and F are part of Terminal 2, check-in and baggage claim for all United flights are in Terminal 1.
^- Delta check in for the flight to Paris-CDG is in Terminal 2 but the flight will depart from the International Terminal 5.
Traffic and statistics
Busiest International Routes from O'Hare (2009–2010)[48] Rank Airport Passengers Carriers 1 
London (Heathrow), United Kingdom1,108,513 American, British Airways, United, Virgin Atlantic 2 
Frankfurt, Germany919,448 Lufthansa, United 3 
Toronto (Pearson), Canada747,713 Air Canada, American, United 4 
Tokyo (Narita), Japan651,643 All Nippon, American, JAL, United 5 
Cancún, Mexico400,424 American, United, USA3000 6 
Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France346,940 Air France, American, United 7 Montréal (Trudeau), Canada345,384 Air Canada, American, United 8 Munich, Germany318,762 Lufthansa, United 9 Mexico City, Mexico318,063 Aeroméxico, American, United 10 
Shanghai (Pudong), China299,351 American, United 11 
Seoul (Incheon), South Korea294,037 Asiana, Korean Air 12 
Dublin, Ireland263,427 Aer Lingus, American 13 Vancouver, Canada260,341 United 14 
Amsterdam, the Netherlands256,461 KLM, United 15 
Istanbul (Ataturk), Turkey238,282 Turkish Airlines 16 
Hong Kong234,867 United, Cathay Pacific 17 
Rome (Fiumicino), Italy216,653 Alitalia, American 18 Beijing (Capital), China208,202 American, United 19 Ottawa, Canada180,892 American, United 20 
Brussels, Belgium178,380 American, United Top 10 domestic destinations (August 2010 - July 2011)[49] Rank Airport Passengers Carriers 1 
New York (LaGuardia), New York1,274,000 American, Delta, United 2 
Los Angeles, California1,065,000 American, Spirit, United, Virgin America 3 San Francisco, California931,000 American, Continental, United, Virgin America 4 
Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas883,000 American, Spirit, United 5 
Boston, Massachusetts786,000 American, JetBlue, Spirit, United 6 
Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota729,000 American, Delta, United 7 
Washington (National), D.C.708,000 American, United 8 
Denver, Colorado707,000 American, United 9 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania669,000 American, United, US Airways 10 
Seattle, Washington662,000 Alaska, American,Continental, United Cargo carriers
There are two main cargo areas at O'Hare that have warehouse, build-up/tear-down and aircraft parking facilities. The Southwest Cargo Area, adjacent to Irving Park Road, accommodates over 80% of the airport's all-cargo flights, divided among 9 buildings in two tiers. The North Cargo Area, which is a modest conversion of the former military base (the 1943 Douglas plant area), also receives air freighters. It is adjacent to the northern portion of Bessie Coleman Drive.
Two satellite cargo areas have warehouse and build-up/tear down facilities, but aircraft do not park at these. Freight is trucked to/from aircraft on other ramps. The South Cargo Area is along Mannheim Road. The East Cargo Area, adjacent to Terminal 5, was formerly the airport's only cargo section but has now mostly evolved into an airport support zone.
The Southwest Cargo Area partially lies in the path of one of the new runways (10C/28C). The redevelopment of the airfield will entail moving/replacing this primary cargo hub.
Airlines Destinations ABX Air Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Aerologic Atlanta, Leipzig/Halle AeroUnion Mexico City AirBridgeCargo Airlines Amsterdam, Moscow-Domodedovo[50] Air China Cargo Anchorage, Beijing-Capital Air France Cargo Dublin, Glasgow-Prestwick, Paris-Charles de Gaulle Asiana Airlines Seoul-Incheon Atlas Air Anchorage British Airways World Cargo operated by
Global Supply SystemsHouston-Intercontinental, London-Stansted, Washington-Dulles CargoItalia Milan-Malpensa Cargolux Anchorage, Atlanta, Hong Kong, Indianapolis, Luxembourg, New York-JFK Cathay Pacific Cargo Amsterdam, Anchorage, Dallas/Fort Worth, Hong Kong, Houston-Intercontinental, San Francisco China Airlines Anchorage, Taipei-Taoyuan China Cargo Airlines Shanghai-Pudong China Southern Airlines Shanghai-Pudong DHL EVA Air Anchorage, Taipei-Taoyuan Evergreen International Airlines FedEx Express Indianapolis, Memphis, Newark Great Wall Airlines Anchorage, Shanghai-Pudong Jade Cargo International Amsterdam, Chengdu, Dubai, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong Kalitta Air Newark, New York-JFK Korean Air Cargo Seoul-Incheon Lufthansa Cargo Anchorage, Frankfurt Lufthansa Cargo operated by
World Air CargoFrankfurt Nippon Cargo Airlines Tokyo-Narita, Anchorage Polar Air Cargo Anchorage, Tokyo-Narita Qantas Freight operated by
Atlas AirMelbourne[51] Qatar Airways Cargo Amsterdam, Doha[52] Shanghai Airlines Cargo Anchorage, Shanghai-Pudong Singapore Airlines Cargo Anchorage, Singapore, Xiamen Southern Air Anchorage, Seoul-Incheon UPS Airlines Cologne/Bonn, Columbus-Rickenbacker, Louisville, Philadelphia World Airways Cargo Baltimore, Hong Kong, Milan Yangtze River Express Anchorage, Shanghai-Pudong Facilities
Runways
Runway layout at ORDWith the opening of new runway 9L/27R in November 2008, there are now seven primary air carrier runways, arranged tangentially in three parallel sets. The largest is Runway 10–28, 13,001′ x 150′. Runways 9L, 10, 14L, 14R, 27L, 27R and 28 have Category III instrument landing systems (ILS),[53] allowing trained aircrews to conduct landings with as little as 600 feet (180 m) of horizontal visibility. All other runway approaches except 4L have full Category I ILS. Due to its location and prevailing winds, runway 4L is seldom used for landings. Therefore, it is equipped with a localizer, the horizontal guidance component of an ILS system, but does not have a glideslope, the vertical component.
Originally, all runways at O'Hare intersected each other with the exception of 4R/22L. This creates problems in times of inclement weather, congestion at the airport, or high winds. There have been several aircraft near-collisions at O'Hare in recent years. The ongoing redevelopment, which essentially eliminates active runway intersections, is intended to alleviate collision hazards and delays at O'Hare.
Three of the original 1943 airfield's four runways (14L/32R, 9R/27L, and 4L/22R) have been upgraded to modern standards. Runway 14R/32L was added in 1955, 9R/27L (now designated 10/28) in 1968, 4R/22L in 1971 and the new 9L/27R in 2008. In 2003, the fourth original runway (18/36) was permanently closed; its short length, lack of use, and problematic placement no longer justified continued certification. Runway 18/36 is now shown as taxiway WT on current airport charts.
The ongoing redevelopment, when completed, will remove the two northwest–southeast runways (14/32 L/R), construct four additional east–west runways (10C/28C, 10R/28L, 9L/27R, and 9C/27C), and extend the 2 existing east–west runways (9R/27L and 10L/28R, shown on current charts as 10/28). The two existing northeast–southwest (4/22 L/R) runways will be retained. Currently, one of the four new runways has been constructed (9L/27R), and one of the two extensions (10/28) has been completed. The second new runway (10C/28C) is currently under construction.
In the original airfield configuration, runway 32L was often used for departures in a shortened configuration. Planes accessed the runway from its intersection at taxiway T10 (common) or taxiway M (not common). This shortened the effective length of the runway but allowed operations on runway 10/28 to continue without restriction. The full length of the runway was available upon request, though with the extension of 10/28 it was usually not needed. As part of the ongoing reconfiguration, in May 2010 runway 14R/32L was permanently shortened to 9,685-foot (2,952 m), and it now starts at taxiway M.
O'Hare has a voluntary nighttime (2200–0700) noise abatement program in place.[54]
The runway reconfiguration program at O'Hare will also improve the airport for the A380 Super-Jumbo aircraft. As part of the runway reconfiguration program, on July 5, 2007, the runway previously designated 9R-27L became runway 10–28, and on August 30, 2007, runway 9L/27R became 9R/27L.[55]
On September 25, 2008, a 2,857-foot (871 m) extension to 10/28 was opened.[56]
Access to airport
CTA Blue Line station at O'Hare International Airport- Road vehicles enter and exit via I-190, which branches off I-90 (the Kennedy Expressway) leading to downtown Chicago. Cars may also access the airport locally from Mannheim Road, the airport's eastern boundary. Aside from cargo access on its south side, all airport traffic travels through the east side of the airport. Local residents sometimes refer to I-190 as "the world's busiest Cul-de-sac" as a result of the one way access.
- Subway trains from the Blue Line of the Chicago Transit Authority's 'L' depart the terminal from an underground station that opened on September 3, 1984.
- Commuter trains from the Metra North Central Service stop at the O'Hare Transfer station, which is connected to the Airport Transit System via a shuttle bus.
Intra-airport transportation
Main article: Airport Transit System
Airport Transit System with Hilton Hotel in BackgroundAccess within the airport complex can be accomplished using O'Hare's Airport Transit System (ATS), a 2.5 mi (4 km) long automated people mover system that operates 24 hours a day, connecting all four terminals and the remote parking lots. The system began operation on May 6, 1993,[57] and will be soon undergoing a US $90 million enhancement to add 24 new cars and to extend the line to a new remote parking garage.
Other facilities
A large air cargo complex on the southwest side of the field was opened in 1984, replacing most of the old cargo area, which stood where Terminal 5 now exists. This complex sits right in the middle of the footprint for new runway 10C/28C, and is to be replaced by a new facility.
The hangar area has multiple buildings capable of fully enclosing aircraft up to the size of the Boeing 747.
The new North Terminal Air Traffic Control Tower was designed by AECOM (design principal Jose Luis Palacios).
Statistics
Traffic by calendar year Passenger volume Change over previous year Aircraft operations Cargo tonnage 2000 72,144,244 
0.64%908,989 1,640,524.1 2001 67,448,064 6.51%911,917 1,413,834.4 2002 66,565,952 1.31%922,817 1,436,385.7 2003 69,508,672 
4.40%928,691 1,601,735.5 2004 75,533,822 8.67%992,427 1,685,808.0 2005 76,581,146 1.38%972,248 1,701,446.1 2006 76,282,212 0.30%958,643 1,718,011.0 2007 76,182,025 0.15%926,973 1,690,741.6 2008 70,819,015 7.03%881,566 1,480,847.4 2009 64,397,782 9.07%827,899 1,198,426.3 2010 67,026,191 3.83%950,119 1,577,047.8 Source: O'Hare International Airport[58] Modernization plan
O'Hare's high volume and crowded schedule can lead to long delays and cancellations that, due to the airport being a major hub, can affect air travel across North America. Official reports rank O'Hare as one of the least punctual airports in the United States based on percentage of delayed flights.[59] In 2004, United Airlines and American Airlines agreed to modify their schedules to help reduce congestion caused by clustered arrivals and departures. Because of the air traffic departing, arriving, and near the airport, air traffic controllers at O'Hare and its nearby facilities are among the leaders in the world in terms of number of controlled flights per hour.
City management has committed to a $6 billion capital investment plan to increase the airport's capacity by 60% and decrease delays by an estimated 79 percent.[60] This plan was approved by the FAA in October 2005 and will involve a reconfiguration of the airfield and addition of terminal space. The plan includes the addition of four runways, the lengthening of two existing runways, and the decommissioning of two existing runways in order to give the airfield six parallel runways in a configuration similar to that in Dallas and other large modern hub airports. This plan was very controversial as the added improvements, at the time they were proposed, were expected to increase the airport's air traffic capacity only slightly, given existing FAA rules. Additionally, the southernmost new runway would require the city acquire additional land, which was extremely controversial as residents did not want to move.
The Modernization Plan is now being implemented; an additional runway and Air Traffic Control Tower were commissioned on November 20, 2008. The new north runway, designated 9L/27R, initially served as a foul weather arrival runway, addressing one of O'Hare's primary causes of delay, but now serves as one of three runways that can be used simultaneously for landings. An extension of Runway 10/28 (formerly 9R/27L) to 13,001 feet (3,963 m) was opened in September, 2008, facilitating the shortening and eventual closure of the 13,000 feet (4,000 m) Runway 14R/32L. At the same time, the FAA redesigned departure routes for both O'Hare and Chicago Midway International Airport, increasing the number from three shared by both airports to five from each airport. With the new runway's opening, O'Hare's maximum aircraft arrival capacity increased from 96 planes per hour to 112 planes per hour; United Airlines's senior vice president of operations, Joseph Kolshak, told The Wall Street Journal that within a month of the runway's opening, "they were consistently hitting that."[61]
Design efforts are underway for the remainder of the program, which includes three runway projects, a new western terminal complex and an automated people mover system. The O'Hare Modernization Program submitted an application to the Federal Aviation Administration to use approximately $180 million in Passenger Facility Charges to fund design work, which began in early 2009.
The second new 10,800 by 200 foot runway (10C/28C) is currently under construction.
The modernization plan has required the acquisition of 126 acres (51 ha) of land in Des Plaines, Illinois; construction of runway 27R and the control tower cost $457 million and involved the rerouting of a creek and 14,000,000 cubic yards (11,000,000 m3) of fill to build up an embankment.."[61] 2,800 residents had to be relocated, as well as a cemetery with 900 known graves. The program ultimately is expected to expand the airport's capacity to over 3,800 operations per day, up from the present capacity of 2,700, and will vastly increase passenger throughput. It will also improve the ability of very large aircraft such as the A380 to operate.[citation needed]
Flight caps in place since 2004 expired on October 31, 2008. Ironically, American Airlines eliminated over 60 daily flights at O'Hare because of soaring fuel prices. United announced similar cutbacks. Recent worldwide economic difficulties further complicate the forecasts for airport demand.
After initially opposing the Modernization plan, DuPage County has endorsed the plan citing the creation of jobs, commercial development, and the ability of O'Hare to regain the status as busiest airport.[62]
existing runwaynew runwayremoved runway-
Phase 1 (Complete)
-
Phase 2 (Extension complete, runway 14R/32L shortened to 9,685 feet (complete), future runway 10C/28C under construction)
-
Phase 3 (Beginning stages)
-
Final runway configuration
Resistance and alternatives
The neighboring communities of Bensenville and Elk Grove Village have been centers of resistance to the expansion plan due to their proximity to the airport and because some of their residents and businesses will be required to relocate. Bensenville and Elk Grove Village formed the Suburban O'Hare Commission[63] to fight the expansion. So far, they have not had much success. The commission did receive a temporary injunction against portions of the city's expansion project; however, it was soon overturned. The Suburban O'Hare Commission has also been instrumental in pushing for a third regional airport in south suburban Peotone, which it claims would alleviate congestion at O'Hare. However, no airline has committed to the proposed airport, and planning efforts moved very slowly during 2007–08. In 2008 Elk Grove Village ended resistance. They received assurance that a proposed highway would not be built through their business park. In November 2009, Bensenville officially ended all resistance to the expansion, ceasing all legal challenges against the city of Chicago. They received 15 million dollars.[64] It should also be noted that the city of Chicago is facing an issue with a historical cemetery located in the space of their planned runway expansion. Up until recently, the city was removing graves. This stopped when a state court stepped in on behalf of the buried's kin.
In 1995, the Chicago/Gary Airport Compact was signed by the cities of Chicago and Gary, Indiana, creating a new administration for the Gary/Chicago International Airport just across the state line. While markedly smaller than the proposed Peotone site, this airport already has more land and a longer main runway than Midway Airport. Gary is also many miles closer than Peotone to downtown Chicago. In addition public transportation is already in place to the Loop via the South Shore Line. Indiana and the FAA have provided significant funding for a Gary runway expansion, currently under construction.
Chicago Rockford International Airport (RFD) in Rockford, Illinois has also marketed itself as an alternative for congestion at O'Hare. However, it is at least a 1-1/2 hour trip to Rockford from the Chicago Loop. Currently there is no direct transportation service from downtown Chicago or O'Hare to the Chicago Rockford International Airport, but airline service at the airport continues to grow. Larry Morrissey, the current mayor of Rockford, has pushed for a high-speed rail connection between the two airports to make the Rockford airport a more convenient alternative to O'Hare.
General Mitchell International Airport (MKE) in Milwaukee has consistently attempted to increase its usage by Chicago and Northern Illinois customers. There is a direct Amtrak rail service connecting Chicago with Mitchell Airport. The trains operate seven round trips each day, taking under 75 minutes from the Chicago loop.
See also
- Golden Corridor, for the region of commerce and industry surrounding O'Hare and extending west, along the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway.
- Proposed Chicago south suburban airport
References
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Air Force Historical Research Agency.- ^ a b FAA Airport Master Record for ORD (Form 5010 PDF), effective March 15, 2007.
- ^ Monthly Operations, Passengers, Cargo Summary By Class, For December 2008 (published January 21, 2009)
- ^ "Chicago, IL: O'Hare (ORD)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. http://www.transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=ORD. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "Subcommittee on Aviation: Hearing on Delay Reduction Efforts at Chicago’s O’Hare Airport". United States House of Representatives. http://www.house.gov/transportation/aviation/09-09-04/09-09-04memo.html.
- ^ Monthly Operations, Passengers, Cargo Summary By Class For December 2009, Midway Airport
- ^ O'Hare wins "Best Airport in North America" PDF (25.0 KB)
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "Table 6: Ranking of Major Airport On-Time Departure Performance Year-to-date through July 2006". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. http://www.bts.gov/programs/airline_information/airline_ontime_tables/2006_07/html/table_06.html.
- ^ "Ward 41" (PDF). Webportal. City of Chicago. October 2007. http://egov.cityofchicago.org/webportal/COCWebPortal/COC_ATTACH/41st.pdf. Retrieved December 24, 2008.
- ^ a b c http://nwchicagohistory.org/nwch_ohare.html
- ^ a b c d e http://www.ohare.com/About/History/Default.aspx
- ^ "Business: Orphans' Home". Time. October 24, 1955. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,891626,00.html.
- ^ "AIRPORTS FOR THE JET AGE-: The U.S. Is Far from Ready". Time. October 21, 1957. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,937983,00.html.
- ^ "DISASTERS: Death at Midway". Time. December 18, 1972. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945164-2,00.html.
- ^ "O'Hare Said to Remain World's Busiest Airport". The New York Times. April 27, 1981. http://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/27/us/o-hare-said-to-remain-world-s-busiest-airport.html?scp=15&sq=o%27hare&st=nyt.
- ^ "Business: Aerial Dogfight". Time. July 14, 1980. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,948903,00.html.
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/american/1978-june-8/4744
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/united/1974-july-1/7364
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/twa/1977-june-9/13630
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1974-february-1/7010
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/delta-n-east/1973-june-1/6611
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/twa/1987-january-1/7236
- ^ http://airchive.com/html/timetable-and-route-maps/northwest/1994-domestic-route-map/7021
- ^ http://chicagobreakingbusiness.com/2010/11/continental-moving-to-uniteds-ohare-terminal-next-week.html
- ^ "Aviation Safety Network > ASN Aviation Safety Database > Airports > Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL profile". Aviation-safety.net. July 13, 2008. http://aviation-safety.net/database/airport/airport.php?id=ORD. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "In the sky! A bird? A plane? A ... UFO?". Chicago Tribune. http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-0701010141jan01,1,3957154.column?coll=chi-news-hed. Retrieved January 1, 2007.
- ^ "ProQuest Login – ProQuest". Proquest.umi.com. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=83625993&sid=1&Fmt=3&clientId=8829&RQT=309&VName=PQD. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
- ^ youtube1
- ^ youtube2 (Part 2, 6:04 onwards in the video), youtube video3
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727–223 N845AA Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL (ORD)". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19980209-0. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Aérospatiale/Aeritalia ATR-72-212 N401AM Roselawn, IN". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19941031-1. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-3B7 N513AU Aliquippa, PA". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19940908-0. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 N1819U Sioux Gateway Airport, IA (SUX)". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890719-1. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-10-40 N184AT Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL (ORD)". Aviation-safety.net. August 10, 1986. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19860810-0. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing KC-135A-BN Stratotanker 58-0031 Greenwood, IL". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19820319-0. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 N110AA Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL (ORD)". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19790525-2. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "N57131 Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19770328-0. Retrieved August 4, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 N954N Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL (ORD)". Aviation-safety.net. December 20, 1972. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19721220-1. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Convair CV-580 N2045 Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL (ORD)". Aviation-safety.net. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19681227-0. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ http://aviation-safety.net/go.php?http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR69-01.pdf
- ^ ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727–22 N7036U Lake Michigan, MI>
- ^ ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-188C Electra N137US Chicago-O'Hare International Airport, IL (ORD)
- ^ "ANA City offices America." All Nippon Airways. Retrieved on August 13, 2011. "Chicago O'hare International Airport Terminal 1, Chicago, IL, 60666-0467"
- ^ Air France, Alitalia to suspend service out of O'Hare
- ^ Air France, Alitalia to suspend service out of O'Hare
- ^ http://www.copaair.com/sites/us/en/noticias/Pages/nuevo-destino-chicago.aspx
- ^ http://www.ohare.com/PDF/News/061411_Iceland%20Express%20Service%20to%20ORD_FINAL.pdf
- ^ "U.S. International Air Passenger and Freight Statistics Report". Office of Aviation Analysis, U.S. Department of Transportation. 2010. http://ostpxweb.dot.gov/aviation/usstatreport.htm. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ "Chicago, IL: O'Hare (ORD)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. July 2011. http://www.transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=ORD&End_YearMonth=24139. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
- ^ http://www.ohare.com/PDF/News/1105416952244%5B1%5D.html
- ^ http://www.qantas.com.au/freight/pdf/QFFreighterscheduleJune2010.pdf
- ^ "Qatar Airways to begin Chicago freighter service | Qatar Airways". AMEinfo.com. http://www.ameinfo.com/239240.html. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "Kord Airport Diagram (Apd)". FlightAware. http://flightaware.com/resources/airport/KORD/APD/AIRPORT+DIAGRAM. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "O'Hare Fly Quiet Program". Ohare.com. June 17, 1997. http://www.ohare.com/cnrc/ohare/o_noise_flyquiet.shtm. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
- ^ "Runway 9–27 Reconfiguration Plan" (PDF). http://www.flychicago.com/ohare/runways/plans.pdf. Retrieved June 22, 2009.[dead link]
- ^ "O'Hare runway opens in grand style". http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/1185639,runway092508.article.[dead link]
- ^ Fornek, Scott (May 6, 1993). "Moving Experience Ready at O'Hare". Chicago Sun-Times: p. 4.
- ^ "Statistics". Chicago Department of Aviation. http://www.flychicago.com/BusinessInformation/Statistics/Default.aspx. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
- ^ "RITA | BTS | Transtats". Transtats.bts.gov. http://www.transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=ORD&Airport_Name=Chicago,%20IL:%20O%20Hare&carrier=FACTS. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "The Chicago Airport System". Flychicago.com. http://www.flychicago.com/ohare/runways/. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ a b "How a New Runway at O'Hare Makes Travel Easier for All," Wall Street Journal, Personal Journal section, July 23, 2009, pages 1 and 3
- ^ "Economic boom will come from Elgin-O'Hare extension". Bobschillerstrom.com. http://www.bobschillerstrom.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=78:chairman-economic-boom-will-come-from-elgin-ohare-extension&catid=1:latest&Itemid=155. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ Bensenville, IL – Official Website – Suburban O'Hare Commission[dead link]
- ^ "Bensenville Ends Opposition To O'Hare Expansion – WBBM 780 – Chicago's #1 source for local news, traffic and weather". WBBM 780. http://www.wbbm780.com/Bensenville-ends-opposition-to-O-Hare-expansion/5687989. Retrieved March 11, 2010.[dead link]
External links
- O'Hare International Airport (official web site)
- O'Hare airport Modernization plan
- Comprehensive information about O'Hare Airport
- O'Hare Modernization Program (official web site)
- 41st ward map (official city web site)
- The Northwest Chicago Historical Society's page on O'Hare
- openNav: ORD / KORD charts
- FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective 20 October 2011
- ORD WiFi Internet Service Guide
- Resources for this airport:
- AirNav airport information for KORD
- ASN accident history for ORD
- FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- SkyVector aeronautical chart for KORD
- FAA current ORD delay information
- An article by urbanologist William Olson discussing the OMP's sustainable design features. Retrieved January 13, 2009
City of Chicago Architecture · Beaches · Climate · Colleges and Universities · Community areas · Culture · Demographics · Economy · Flag · Freeways · Geography · Government · History · Landmarks · Literature · Media · Music · Neighborhoods · Parks · Public schools · Skyscrapers · Sports · Theatre · Transportation
Category · 
PortalMajor airports of the United States Atlanta (Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport – ATL) · Baltimore (Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport – BWI) · Boston (Logan International Airport – BOS) · Charlotte (Charlotte/Douglas International Airport – CLT) · Chicago (O'Hare International Airport – ORD) · Dallas-Fort Worth (Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport – DFW) · Denver (Denver International Airport – DEN) · Detroit (Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport – DTW) · Fort Lauderdale (Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport – FLL) · Honolulu (Honolulu International Airport – HNL) · Houston (George Bush Intercontinental Airport – IAH) · Las Vegas (McCarran International Airport – LAS) · Los Angeles (Los Angeles International Airport – LAX) · Miami (Miami International Airport – MIA) · Minneapolis – Saint Paul (Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport – MSP) · Newark (Newark Liberty International Airport – EWR) · New York (John F. Kennedy International Airport – JFK) · New York (LaGuardia Airport – LGA) · Orlando (Orlando International Airport – MCO) · Philadelphia (Philadelphia International Airport – PHL) · Phoenix (Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport – PHX) · Salt Lake City (Salt Lake City International Airport – SLC) · San Diego (San Diego International Airport – SAN) · San Francisco (San Francisco International Airport – SFO) · Seattle (Seattle–Tacoma International Airport – SEA) · Tampa (Tampa International Airport – TPA) · Washington, D.C. (Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport – DCA) · Washington, D.C. (Washington Dulles International Airport – IAD)
Aviation in Illinois Primary airports O'Hare International Airport · Chicago Midway International Airport · Quad City International Airport · Central Illinois Regional Airport · General Wayne A. Downing Peoria International Airport · University of Illinois Willard Airport · Chicago Rockford International Airport · Abraham Lincoln Capital Airport · MidAmerica St. Louis Airport · Decatur Airport · Williamson County Regional Airport 
Military Airlines Air Illinois (1970-1984) · Chicago Air (1985-1986) · Festival Airlines (2006) · Midway Airlines (1976-1991) · Mississippi Valley Airlines (1969-1985) · United Airlines (founded 1927) Aviation-related Bases CONUSAdair · Beale · Bong (unbuilt) · Charleston · Davis-Monthan · Dobbins · Dover · Dow · Duluth · England · Ent · Ethan Allen · Fairfax · Fort Lee · Geiger · George · Glasgow · Grand Forks · Grenier · Griffiss · Gunter · Hamilton · Hancock · Homestead · Hurlburt · Imeson · K.I. Sawyer · Kincheloe · Kingsley · Kirtland · Larson · Luke · March · Malmstrom · McCoy · McChord · McClellan · McGhee Tyson · McGuire · Minneapolis-St. Paul · Minot · Mitchel · New Castle · Niagara Falls · Norton · O'Hare · Oklahoma City · Otis · Oxnard · Paine · Perrin · Peterson · Pittsburgh · Pope · Portland · Presque Isle · Richards-Gebaur · Selfridge · Seymour Johnson · Sioux City · Snelling · Stead · Stewart · Suffolk County · Tinker · Travis · Truax · Tyndall · Vandenburg · Webb · Westover · Willow Run · Wright-Patterson · Wurtsmith · Youngstown
OverseasErnest Harmon · Frobisher Bay · Goose Bay · Keflavik · Pepperrell · Thule · Topsham
Stations CONUSAlmaden · Charleston · Clear · Cross City · Benton · Empire · Mill Valley · Montauk · Mount Hebo · North Truro · Point Arena · Rye · Thomasville · Watertown
OverseasAlbrook
Air
Defense
unitsForcesAir
DivisionsSectorsAlbuquerque · Bangor · Boston · Chicago · Detroit · Duluth · Goose · Grand Forks · Great Falls · Iceland · Kansas City · Los Angeles · Minot · Montgomery · New York · Oklahoma City · Phoenix · Portland · Reno · Sault Sainte Marie · San Francisco · Seattle · Sioux City · Spokane · Stewart · Syracuse · Washington
WingsGroups1st · 4th · 10th · 14th · 15th · 23rd · 32nd · 33rd · 50th · 52nd · 53rd · 54th · 56th · 57th · 73rd · 78th · 79th · 81st · 82nd · 84th · 325th · 326th · 327th · 328th · 329th · 337th · 355th · 408th · 412th · 414th · 473rd · 475th · 476th · 478th · 500th · 501st · 502d · 503d · 507th · 514th · 515th · 516th · 517th · 518th · 519th · 520th · 521st · 525th · 527th · 528th · 529th · 530th · 533d · 534th · 564th · 566th · 567th · 568th · 575th · 678th · 701st · 4676th · 4700th · 4721st · 4722d · 4727th · 4728th · 4729th · 4730th · 4731st · 4732d · 4733d · 4734th · 4735th · 4756th
SquadronsAerospace Defense Command Fighter Squadrons · Aircraft Control and Warning Squadrons
Major
weapon
systemsElectronicFightersMissiles1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5
ShipsGuardian · Interceptor · Interdictor · Interpreter · Investigator · Locator · Lookout · Outpost · Pickett · Protector · Scanner · Searcher · Skywatcher · Tracer · Watchman · Vigil
Miscellaneous Air Defense Command Emblem Gallery (On Wikimedia Commons) · General Surveillance Radar StationsCategories:- Airports established in 1943
- Airports in the Chicago metropolitan area
- Airports in Illinois
- Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces Technical Service Command
- Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in Illinois
- Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
- O'Hare International Airport
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
