Neurokinin A

TAC1 tachykinin, precursor 1
Solution structure of the tachykinin peptide neurokinin a in the presence of micelles.[1]
Identifiers
Symbol	TAC1
Alt. symbols	TAC2, NKNA
Entrez	6863
HUGO	11517
OMIM	162320
RefSeq	NM_013998
UniProt	P20366
Other data
Locus	Chr. 7 q21-q22

Neurokinin A
Identifiers
CAS number	86933-74-6
PubChem	55582
MeSH	Neurokinin+A
Properties
Molecular formula	C50H80N14O14S
Molar mass	1133.32
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Neurokinin A (formerly known as substance K) is a member of the tachykinin family of neuropeptide neurotransmitters. It is produced from the same preprotachykinin A gene as the neuropeptide substance P. It has various roles in the body of humans and other animals. One specific example is mediating contraction of the rat colon and bronchoconstriction through the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nervous system (a branch of the vagal system). Neuropeptide K (which has also been called neurokinin K^[2]) and neuropeptide gamma are N-terminally longer versions of neurokinin A, produced from the same splice forms of the same gene, which appear to be final peptide products in some tissues.^[3]

Structure

Structure of mammalian neurokinin A was obtained using CD spectropolarimetry and 2D proton NMR.^[1] Analysis showed that in water, the peptide adopts an extended conformation while in the presence of micelles (a model cell membrane system), an alpha helical conformation is induced in the central core (Asp4-Met10).^[1]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} PDB 1N6T; Chandrashekar IR, Cowsik SM (December 2003). "Three-dimensional structure of the mammalian tachykinin peptide neurokinin A bound to lipid micelles". Biophys. J. 85 (6): 4002–11. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74814-0. PMC 1303701. PMID 14645089. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1303701. 
2. ^ Dornan WA, Vink KL, Malen P, Short K, Struthers W, Barrett C. "Site-specific effects of intracerebral injections of three neurokinins (neurokinin A, neurokinin K, and neurokinin gamma) on the expression of male rat sexual behavior." Physiol Behav. 1993 Aug;54(2):249-58. PMID 7690487
3. ^ Carter MS, Krause JE. "Structure, expression, and some regulatory mechanisms of the rat preprotachykinin gene encoding substance P, neurokinin A, neuropeptide K, and neuropeptide gamma." J Neurosci. 1990 Jul;10(7):2203-14. PMID 1695945

Further reading

• Maggi C, Patacchini R, Rovero P, Giachetti A (1993). "Tachykinin receptors and tachykinin receptor antagonists". J Auton Pharmacol 13 (1): 23–93. doi:10.1111/j.1474-8673.1993.tb00396.x. PMID 8382703. 
• Regoli D, Boudon A, Fauchére J (1994). "Receptors and antagonists for substance P and related peptides". Pharmacol Rev 46 (4): 551–99. PMID 7534932.