Peptide YY

Peptide YY

Peptide YY is a short (36 amino acid) protein released by cells in the ileum and colon in response to feeding. In humans it appears to reduce appetite.

It is also known as PYY, Peptide Tyrosine Tyrosine, or Pancreatic Peptide YY3-36cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PYY peptide YY| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5697| accessdate = ] .

Description

Peptide YY3-36 (PYY) is a linear polypeptide consisting of 36 amino acids with structural homology to NPY and pancreatic polypeptide. PYY exerts its action through NPY receptors, inhibits gastric motility and increases water and electrolyte absorption in the colon. [cite journal | author = Liu C, Aloia T, Adrian T, Newton T, Bilchik A, Zinner M, Ashley S, McFadden D | title = Peptide YY: a potential proabsorptive hormone for the treatment of malabsorptive disorders. | journal = Am Surg | volume = 62 | issue = 3 | pages = 232–6 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8607584] PYY may also suppress pancreatic secretion. It is secreted by the neuroendocrine cells in the ileum and colon in response to a meal, and has been shown to reduce appetite. Research has also indicated that PYY may be useful in removing aluminium (aluminum) accumulated in the brain.

Relevance to obesity

Leptin also reduces appetite in response to feeding, but obese people develop a resistance to leptin. In contrast, obese people secrete less PYY than normal people do, and in response to added PYY, they reduce their food intake. [cite journal
author = Batterham RL "et al"
title =Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY3-36
journal =New England Journal of Medicine
volume =349
issue =10
pages =926–928
publisher = Massachusetts Medical Society
date = September 4, 2003
pmid = 12954742
accessdate = 2006-01-19
doi = 10.1056/NEJMp038114]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Ekblad E, Sundler F |title=Distribution of pancreatic polypeptide and peptide YY. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 251–61 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825640 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00601-5
*cite journal | author=Sandström O, El-Salhy M |title=Ontogeny and the effect of aging on pancreatic polypeptide and peptide YY. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 263–7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825641 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00603-9
*cite journal | author=Yang H |title=Central and peripheral regulation of gastric acid secretion by peptide YY. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 349–58 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825649 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00611-8
*cite journal | author=Naruse S, Kitagawa M, Ishiguro H, Hayakawa T |title=Feedback regulation of pancreatic secretion by peptide YY. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 359–65 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825650 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00612-X
*cite journal | author=Aponte GW |title=PYY-mediated fatty acid induced intestinal differentiation. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 367–76 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825651 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00613-1
*cite journal | author=Hagan MM |title=Peptide YY: a key mediator of orexigenic behavior. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 377–82 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825652 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00614-3
*cite journal | author=Mannon PJ |title=Peptide YY as a growth factor for intestinal epithelium. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 383–8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825653 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00615-5
*cite journal | author=Tseng WW, Liu CD |title=Peptide YY and cancer: current findings and potential clinical applications. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 389–95 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825654 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00616-7
*cite journal | author=El-Salhy M, Suhr O, Danielsson A |title=Peptide YY in gastrointestinal disorders. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 397–402 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825655 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00617-9
*cite journal | author=Imamura M |title=Effects of surgical manipulation of the intestine on peptide YY and its physiology. |journal=Peptides |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 403–7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11825656 |doi=10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00618-0
*cite journal | author=Beglinger C, Degen L |title=Gastrointestinal satiety signals in humans--physiologic roles for GLP-1 and PYY? |journal=Physiol. Behav. |volume=89 |issue= 4 |pages= 460–4 |year= 2007 |pmid= 16828127 |doi= 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.048
*cite journal | author=Eberlein GA, Eysselein VE, Schaeffer M, "et al." |title=A new molecular form of PYY: structural characterization of human PYY(3-36) and PYY(1-36). |journal=Peptides |volume=10 |issue= 4 |pages= 797–803 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2587421 |doi=10.1016/0196-9781(89)90116-2
*cite journal | author=Facer P, Bishop AE, Cole GA, "et al." |title=Developmental profile of chromogranin, hormonal peptides, and 5-hydroxytryptamine in gastrointestinal endocrine cells. |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=97 |issue= 1 |pages= 48–57 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2721879 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tatemoto K, Nakano I, Makk G, "et al." |title=Isolation and primary structure of human peptide YY. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=157 |issue= 2 |pages= 713–7 |year= 1989 |pmid= 3202875 |doi=10.1016/S0006-291X(88)80308-5
*cite journal | author=Lukinius AI, Ericsson JL, Lundqvist MK, Wilander EM |title=Ultrastructural localization of serotonin and polypeptide YY (PYY) in endocrine cells of the human rectum. |journal=J. Histochem. Cytochem. |volume=34 |issue= 6 |pages= 719–26 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3517149 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Adrian TE, Ferri GL, Bacarese-Hamilton AJ, "et al." |title=Human distribution and release of a putative new gut hormone, peptide YY. |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=89 |issue= 5 |pages= 1070–7 |year= 1985 |pmid= 3840109 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lundell I, Blomqvist AG, Berglund MM, "et al." |title=Cloning of a human receptor of the NPY receptor family with high affinity for pancreatic polypeptide and peptide YY. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 49 |pages= 29123–8 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7493937 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.49.29123
*cite journal | author=Bard JA, Walker MW, Branchek TA, Weinshank RL |title=Cloning and functional expression of a human Y4 subtype receptor for pancreatic polypeptide, neuropeptide Y, and peptide YY. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 45 |pages= 26762–5 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7592911 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.45.26762
*cite journal | author=Hort Y, Baker E, Sutherland GR, "et al." |title=Gene duplication of the human peptide YY gene (PYY) generated the pancreatic polypeptide gene (PPY) on chromosome 17q21.1. |journal=Genomics |volume=26 |issue= 1 |pages= 77–83 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7782089 |doi=10.1016/0888-7543(95)80085-Z
*cite journal | author=Kohri K, Nata K, Yonekura H, "et al." |title=Cloning and structural determination of human peptide YY cDNA and gene. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1173 |issue= 3 |pages= 345–9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8318545 |doi=

See also

* Ghrelin
* Leptin

External links

*

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