1893

This article is about the year 1893.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century – 19th century – 20th century
Decades:	1860s  1870s  1880s  – 1890s –  1900s  1910s  1920s
Years:	1890 1891 1892 – 1893 – 1894 1895 1896

1893 in topic:
Humanities
Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music
By country
Australia – Canada – France – Germany – Mexico – South Africa – US – UK
Other topics
Rail Transport – Science – Sports
Lists of leaders
Colonial Governors – State leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
Works
v · Gregorian calendar	1893 MDCCCXCIII
Ab urbe condita	2646
Armenian calendar	1342 ԹՎ ՌՅԽԲ
Assyrian calendar	6643
Bahá'í calendar	49 – 50
Bengali calendar	1300
Berber calendar	2843
British Regnal year	56 Vict. 1 – 57 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar	2437
Burmese calendar	1255
Byzantine calendar	7401 – 7402
Chinese calendar	壬辰年十一月十四日 (4529/4589-11-14) — to — 癸巳年十一月廿四日 (4530/4590-11-24)
Coptic calendar	1609 – 1610
Ethiopian calendar	1885 – 1886
Hebrew calendar	5653 – 5654
Hindu calendars
- Bikram Samwat	1949 – 1950
- Shaka Samvat	1815 – 1816
- Kali Yuga	4994 – 4995
Holocene calendar	11893
Iranian calendar	1271 – 1272
Islamic calendar	1310 – 1311
Japanese calendar	Meiji 26 (明治26年)
Korean calendar	4226
Minguo calendar	19 before ROC 民前19年
Thai solar calendar	2436
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Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

January 2: standard railroad chronometers.

March 10: Côte d'Ivoire becomes French colony.

• January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.
• January 13 – The Independent Labour Party of the UK has its first meeting.
• January 17 – The U.S. Marines intervene in Hawaii, resulting in overthrow of the government of Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii.
• January 21 – The Cherry Sisters first perform in Marion, Iowa.
• February 1 – Thomas A. Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio in West Orange, New Jersey.
• February 19 – The SS Naronic is believed to have sunk due to a storm.
• February 23 – Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for the diesel engine.
• February 24 – American University is established by an Act of Congress in Washington, D.C.
• March 4 – President of the United States Benjamin Harrison is succeeded by Stephen Grover Cleveland.
• March 10 – Côte d'Ivoire becomes a French colony.
• March 20 – In Belgium, Adam Worth is sentenced to 7 years for robbery (he is released in 1897).

April–June

May 1: World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago.

• April 1 – The rank of Chief Petty Officer is established in the United States Navy.
• April 8 – The first recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania between the Geneva College Covenanters and the New Brighton YMCA.
• April 17 – Riots of Mons during the Belgian general strike of 1893, The day after, Belgian parliament approved Universal suffrage.
• April 17 – Alpha Xi Delta founded
• May – The Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland is formed.
• May 1 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in Chicago, USA. The first United States commemorative postage stamps are issued for the Exposition.
• May 5 – Panic of 1893: A crash on the New York Stock Exchange starts a depression.
• May 9 – Edison's 1½ inch system of Kinetoscope is first demonstrated in public at the Brooklyn Institute.
• May 10 – The United States Supreme Court legally declares the tomato to be a vegetable.

June 22: Flagship Victoria sinks.

• June 6 – Prince George, Duke of York marries Mary of Teck.
• June 7 – Gandhi commits his first act of civil disobedience in India.
• June 17 – Gold is found in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia.
• June 20 – The Wengernalpbahn railway in Wengen, Switzerland (Canton of Bern) is opened.
• June 20 – Lizzie Borden acquitted of murdering her parents.
• June 22 – The flagship Victoria of the British Mediterranean Fleet collides with Camperdown and sinks in 10 minutes; Vice-admiral Sir George Tryon goes down with his ship.

July–September

June 20: Wengernalpbahn railway.

• July 1 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland is operated on in secret.
• July 6 – The small town of Pomeroy, Iowa is nearly destroyed by a tornado; 71 people are killed and 200 injured.
• July 11 – Kokichi Mikimoto, in Japan, develops the method to seed and grow cultured pearls.
• July 12
  • Frederick Jackson Turner gives a lecture titled "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" before the American Historical Association in Chicago.
  • The Dundee FC, a Scottish football club, is formed.
• August 27 – The Sea Islands Hurricane hits Savannah, Charleston, and the Sea Islands, killing 1,000–2,000.

July 11: Mikimoto develops cultured pearls.

• September 7
  • The Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, the oldest Italian football club, is formed.
  • Under the pressure of a general strike, the Belgian Federal Parliament accepts a proposal to accept general multiple suffrage.
• September 11
  • The World Parliament of Religions in Chicago opens its first meeting.
  • Standing ovation to Hindu monk Swami Vivekanda for his address in Response to the welcome at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.
• September 19
  • Swami Vivekananda delivers an inspiring speech on his paper at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.
  • New Zealand becomes the first country in the world to grant women the right to vote.
  • The Russian ironclad Rusalka disappears in a storm en route from Tallinn to Helsinki; her hulk is eventually discovered in July 2003, off Helsinki.
• September 21 – Brothers Charles and Frank Duryea drive the first gasoline-powered motorcar in America on public roads in Springfield, Massachusetts.
• September 23 – The Bahá'í Faith is first publicly mentioned in the United States at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.
• September 27 – The World Parliament of Religions holds its closing meeting in Chicago.
• September 28 – The Portuguese sports club Futebol Clube do Porto is founded.

October–December

• October 10 – The first car number plates appear in Paris, France.
• October 23 – The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) is founded by the Bulgarians in the town of Thessaloniki.Its aim was to libarate the region of Macedonia from the Ottoman Turks.
• October 30 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, closes.
• November – In the United Kingdom, the Local Government Act 1894 is read for the second time in the House of Commons.
• November 7 – Colorado women are granted the right to vote.
• November 15 – The FC Basel Club is founded.
• December 5 – Plural voting is abolished in New South Wales.
• December 16 – Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9 "From the New World" receives its premiere at Carnegie Hall, New York City.
• December
  • Carl Anton Larsen becomes the first man to ski in Antarctica.
  • Arthur Conan Doyle surprises the reading public by revealing in the story The Adventure of the Final Problem, published in this month's Strand Magazine, that his character Sherlock Holmes had apparently died at the Reichenbach Falls on May 4, 1891.

Date unknown

France conquers Laos.

• The American Council on Alcohol Problems is established, along with the Anti-Saloon League and the Committee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem.
• Physicist Wilhelm Wien formulates Wien's displacement law.
• France conquers Laos.
• A general strike occurs in Belgium.
• American Temperance University is opened.
• Millbank Prison in London is demolished.
• In the U.S., the National Sculpture Society (NSS) is founded.
• The Football Club Dulwich Hamlet is founded.
• The Athletic Club Královské Vinohrady, later Sparta Prague, is founded.
• T.M.I.: The Episcopal School of Texas is founded.
• Colored High becomes the first African American high school in Houston, TX; its name is later changed to Booker T. Washington High School.
• The Ardabil Carpet is brought to London.
• Evergreen Park, Illinois is founded.
• Sudbury, Ontario, Canada is incorporated as a town.
• St. Hilda's College, Oxford is founded.
• William Ewart Gladstone introduces a bill to give Ireland self-government but it fails to pass.
• Small anti-Semitic parties secure 2.9% of votes in Germany.
• Before 1893 – 8,000 Chinese arrive in Cuba.
• 71.2% of the working population of São Paulo is foreign-born.

Births

January–June

• January 5 – Paramahansa Yogananda, Indian guru (d. 1952)
• January 12
  • Hermann Göring, German Nazi official (d. 1946)
  • Alfred Rosenberg, German Nazi official (d. 1946)

• January 15 – Ivor Novello, Welsh actor and musician (d. 1951)
• January 22 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943)
• January 27 – Soong Ching-ling (宋慶齡), one of the Soong sisters, wife of Chinese president Sun Yat-sen(孫逸仙, 孫文) (d. 1981)
• February 3 – Gaston Julia, French mathematician (d. 1978)
• February 4 – Yone Minagawa, supercentenarian (d. 2007)
• February 10 – Jimmy Durante, American actor, singer, and comedian (d. 1980)
• February 12 – Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981)
• February 13 – Ana Pauker, Romanian communist politician (d. 1960)
• February 16 – Katharine Cornell, American actress (d. 1974)
• February 19 – Sir Cedric Hardwicke, English actor (d. 1964)
• February 21 – Andrés Segovia, Spanish guitarist (d. 1987)
• March 1 – Mercedes de Acosta, American poet, playwright, costume designer, and socialite (d. 1968)
• March 3
  • Beatrice Wood, American artist and ceramicist (d. 1998)
  • Ivon Hitchens, English painter (d. 1979)
• March 11 – Wanda Gag, American children's author and artist (d. 1946)
• March 18 – Wilfred Owen, English soldier and poet (d. 1918)
• March 19 – Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, former President of Ecuador (d. 1979)
• March 22 – Kleber Claux, French born Australian anarchist and nudist (d. 1971)
• March 26 – Palmiro Togliatti, Italian communist leader (d. 1964)
• April 1 – Cicely Courtneidge, British actress (d. 1980)
• April 3 – Leslie Howard, English actor (d. 1943)
• April 9 – Victor Gollancz, British publisher (d. 1967)
• April 9 – Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan, Great Indian Historian, Writer, Scholar (d. 1963)
• April 12 – Robert Harron, American actor (d. 1920)
• April 18 – Georges Boulanger, Romanian violinist (d. 1958)
• April 20
  • Harold Lloyd, American actor (d. 1971)
  • Edna Parker, supercentenarian (d. 2008)
• April 23 – Allen Dulles, American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. 1969)
• April 29 – Harold C. Urey, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
• May 3 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer and public benefactor (d. 1975)
• May 8
  • Teddy Wakelam, English sports broadcaster and rugby union player (d. 1963)
  • Francis Ouimet, American golfer and businessman (d. 1967)
• May 26 – Norma Talmadge, American actress (d. 1957)
• May 23 – Ulysses S. Grant IV, American geologist and paleontologist (d. 1977)
• June 7 – Gillis Grafstrom, Swedish figure skater (d. 1938)
• June 14 – Siggie Nordstrom, American model, actress, entertainer, socialite and singer (d. 1980)
• June 24
  • Roy Oliver Disney, brother and business partner of Walter Elias Disney (d. 1971)
  • Suzanne La Follette, libertarian feminist (d. 1983)
• June 26 – Big Bill Broonzy, American blues singer and composer (d. 1958)
• June 30 – Walter Ulbricht, German Communist Politician (d. 1973)

July–December

• July 3 – Mississippi John Hurt, American musician (d. 1966)
• July 4 – Norman Washington Manley, Jamaican statesman (d. 1969)
• July 9 – George Geary, English cricketer (d. 1981)
• July 12 – John Gould Moyer, American naval officer, 31st Governor of American Samoa (d. 1976)
• July 20 – George Llewelyn Davies, inspiration for Peter Pan (d. 1915)
• July 25 – Dorothy Dickson, American-born actress and socialite (d. 1995)
• July 30 – Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani Mother of the Nation (d. 1967)
• August 6 – Wright Patman, American politician (d. 1976)
• August 14
  • Francis Dvornik, Czech historian (d. 1975)
  • Carl Benton Reid, American actor (d. 1973)
• August 15 – Leslie Comrie, New Zealand astronomer and computing pioneer (d. 1950)
• August 17 – Mae West, American actress, playwright, screenwriter, and sex symbol (d. 1980)
• August 22
  • Dorothy Parker, American writer (d. 1967)
  • Wilfred Kitching, the 7th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1977)
• August 24 – Haim Ernst Wertheimer German-born Israeli biochemist, recipient of the Israel Prize (d. 1978)
• August 25 – Henry Trendley Dean, American dental researcher (d. 1962)
• August 30 – Huey Long, Louisiana governor and senator (d. 1935)
• September 10 – Maria de Jesus, supercentenarian (d. 2009)
• September 12 – Frederick William Franz, President of Jehovah's Witnesses (d. 1992)
• September 13 – Larry Shields, American musician (d. 1953)
• September 16 – Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• September 18 –
  • William March, American writer and soldier (d. 1954)
  • Reidar Rye Haugan, American newspaper editor and publisher (d. 1972)
• September 30 – Lansdale Sasscer, U.S. Congressman (d. 1964)
• October 1 – Marianne Brandt, German industrial designer (d. 1983)
• October 9 – Mário de Andrade, Brazilian writer and photographer (d. 1945)
• October 14 – Lillian Gish, American actress (d. 1993)
• October 15 – King Carol II of Romania (d. 1953)
• October 16 – Harry Donenfeld, American publisher (d. 1965)
• October 18 – Georges Ohsawa, Japanese founder of Macrobiotics (d. 1966)
• October 23 – Gummo Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)
• November 3 – Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1986)
• November 5 – Raymond Loewy, French-born American industrial designer (d. 1986)
• November 8
  • Clarence Williams, American jazz musician (d. 1965)
  • Prajadhipok, Rama VII, king of Thailand (d. 1941)
• November 10 – John P. Marquand, American novelist (d. 1960)
• December 8 – Pierre Etchebaster, French real tennis player (d. 1980)
• December 23 – Ann Pennington, American actress and dancer (d. 1971)
• December 24 – Ruth Chatterton, American actress (d. 1961)
• December 26 – Mao Zedong, Chinese leader (d. 1976)
• December 29 – Berthold Bartosch, Bohemian animator (d. 1968)

Date unknown

• Clement Martyn Doke, South African linguist (d. 1980)

Deaths

January–June

• January 2 – John Obadiah Westwood, British entomologist (b. 1805)
• January 7 – Jožef Stefan, Slovenian physicist, mathematician, and poet (b. 1835)
• January 17 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States (b. 1822)
• January 23 – Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, U.S. Supreme Court justice (b. 1825)
• February 1 – George Henry Sanderson, Mayor of San Francisco (b. 1824)
• February 18
  • King George Tupou I of Tonga (b. 1797)
  • Serranus Clinton Hastings, American politician (b. 1814)
• February 20 – P.G.T. Beauregard, American Confederate general (b. 1818)
• March 16 – William H. Illingworth, American photographer (b. 1844)
• March 17 – Jules Ferry, French premier (b. 1832)
• March 18 – Bandō Kakitsu I, Japanese kabuki actor (b. 1847)
• March 30 – Jane Sym-Mackenzie, second wife of Canada's second prime minister (b. 1825)
• April 8 – August Czartoryski, Polish prince (b. 1858)
• April 19 – John Addington Symonds, English poet and literary critic (b. 1840)
• June 7 – Edwin Booth, American actor (b. 1833)
• June 14 – Jakob Frohschammer, theologian and philosopher (b. 1821)
• June 19 – William Starke Rosecrans, California congressman and Register of the U.S. Treasury (b. 1819)
• June 21 – Amasa Leland Stanford, Governor of California (b. 1824)
• June 23 – Sir Theophilus Shepstone, South African statesman (b. 1817)

July–December

• July 2 – Georgiana Drew Barrymore, actress-comedienne (b. 1856)
• July 6 – Guy de Maupassant, French writer (b. 1850)
• July 16 – Antonio Ghislanzoni, Italian politician and journalist (b. 1833)
• August 6 – Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1811)
• August 7 – Alfredo Catalani, Italian composer (b. 1854)
• October 6 – Ford Madox Brown, English painter (b. 1821)
• October 8 – John Willis Menard, African-American politician (b. 1838)
• October 10 – Lip Pike, American baseball player (b. 1845)
• October 18 – Charles Gounod, French composer (b. 1818)
• October 22 – Duleep Singh, ruler of Punjab (b. 1838)
• October 23 – Alexander, Prince of Bulgaria, first prince of Bulgaria (b. 1857)
• October 30 – Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott, Canadian politician (b. 1821)
• November 6 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (b. 1840)
• November 22 – James Calder, 5th President of Pennsylvania State University (b. 1826)

References