August Czartoryski

Blessed August Franciszek Maria Anna Józef Kajetan Czartoryski, Duke of Vista Alegre [ [http://www.thepeerage.com/p9370.htm#i93700 family tree at thepeerage.com] (lists his name as Francisek Czartoryski)] (1858-1893) was a Prince of the Polish Czartoryski family, born in Paris during the family's exile. A sickly child, he spent much of his youth being shuttled to various health spas. He was accompanied and tutored by a Polish patriot, Father Raphael Kalinowski, a man who was later canonized. Prince August also turned to the priesthood, and after dying at a relatively young age of tuberculosis, was himself beatified, on the path towards becoming a saint.

Biography

Prince August was born in Paris, the only child of Prince Ladislaus (Władysław) Czartoryski and Princess Maria Amparo, Countess of Vista Alegre (daughter of Queen Maria Christina of Spain and her secret husband Augustín Fernández Muñoz, Duke of Riansares). [ [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_en.html Vatican press release about Czartoryski's beatification] ]

The Czartoryski magnate was one of the most powerful families in Poland during the 18th century, but in the 19th century they were exiled from Poland by the Russians, and had their base of operations at the Hôtel Lambert in Paris.

To his family, the young prince was known as "Gucio". He was a sickly child, having contracted tuberculosis from his mother at the age of 6 (she later died of the disease). Much of his life was spent being shuttled to different health spas in mountains and along beaches that had "good air" for the afflicted. From the age of 10 to 17 he studied in Paris and Kraków.

Tutored by the future Saint Raphael Kalinowski

In 1872, when Gucio was 14, his father Prince Ladislaus remarried to Marguerite Adelaide, and had two more sons in 1872 and 1876. A tutor was hired for Gucio in 1874 -- Joseph Kalinowski, a Polish patriot who had just returned to Poland from a ten-year sentence in Siberia. [ [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_en.html Vatican biography] ] Joseph also suffered from respiratory ailments, and accompanied Gucio to many of his destinations. In a letter to his sister Mary, Joseph wrote that he was "father, mother, nurse, brother, companion and caretaker" for the boy. Joseph and August remained close companions until 1877, when Joseph joined the religious order of the Salesians and took the name "Raphael of St. Joseph". He was declared a saint by Pope John Paul II in 2004.

Career

It was Prince Ladislaus's desire that his son Gucio pursue a diplomatic career, but the young prince felt a different calling. He was encouraged by Pope Leo XIII to follow Don Bosco (later Saint Don Bosco) of the Salesians.

In 1887, after meeting Don Bosco, Gucio joined that order in Turin, with the ailing Bosco's blessing. He studied theology and philosophy but his health continued to decline. On April 2, 1892 he was ordained as a priest by the Bishop of Ventimiglia, though his family discouraged this, and refused to attend the ceremony. He died only a year later, on April 8, 1893, in Alassio, Italy, of tuberculosis, at the age of 34.

Veneration

In February 14, 1921 the process for his beatification began, and in 2004, he was beatified by Pope John Paul II, the next step towards becoming a Saint. [ [http://www.cathnews.com/news/404/122.php Catholic News] - "Pope presides at beatification of six"] His remains are currently in Przemyśl, Poland.

Notes

References

* Praskiewicz, Szczepan T., "Saint Raphael Kalinowski: an introduction to his life and spirituality", 1998 (translated to English by Thomas Coonan, Michael Griffin, OCD, and Lawrence Sullivan, OCD). ICS Publications, Institute of Carmelite Studies, Washington DC.
* Monk Matthew, "Saint from the Salt Mines: A biography of Bd. Raphael Kalinowski, ODC", 1986
* Czeslaus Gil, OCD, "Father Raphael Kalinowski", 1979, Wydawnictwo (translated into English by Sister Czeslava)
* [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_en.html Vatican biography of Augusto Czartoryski] (versions also available in [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_fr.html French] , [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_it.html Italian] , [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_pl.html Polish] , and [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20040425_czartoryski_sp.html Spanish] ).
* [http://www.salesianvocation.com/News%20letter%20for%20June%20and%20July,%202004.htm Pope canonizes 3 Salesians]
* [http://czartoryscy.duchowni.webpark.pl/august7.htm August Franciszek Czartoryski] - site with pictures
* [http://www.czartoryski.org/Auguste2.htm Prince Auguste Czartoryski page at czartoryski.org]
* [http://wsdts.sdb.krakow.pl/?id=38 Salezjanie: Inspektoria Krakowska] - Article with pictures of him as a child
* [http://www.sdb.org/ENG/Pagine/_2_12_18_15_.htm?Sez=12&Sotsez=18&DetSotSez=15 Salesians of Don Bosco] - has many reference materials in multiple languages and formats (including .doc and .pdf articles in English and Polish)