Purpura

Purpura
Purpura
Classification and external resources

Petechia and purpura on the low limb due to medication induced vasculitis
ICD-10 D69
ICD-9 287
DiseasesDB 25619
MeSH D011693

Purpura (from Latin: purpura, meaning "purple") is the appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. They are caused by bleeding underneath the skin. Purpura measure 0.3–1 cm (3–10 mm), whereas petechiae measure less than 3 mm, and ecchymoses greater than 1 cm.[1]

This is common with typhus and can be present with meningitis caused by meningococcal meningitis or septicaemia. In particular, meningococcus, a Gram-negative diplococci organism, releases endotoxin when it lyses. Endotoxin activates the Hageman factor (clotting factor XII), which causes disseminated intravascular coagulation. The DIC is what appears as a rash on the affected individual.

Contents

Classification

Purpura is a common and nonspecific medical sign; however, the underlying mechanism commonly involves one of the following:

There are also cases of psychogenic purpura described in the medical literature,[2] some claimed to be due to "autoerythrocyte sensitization." Other studies[3] suggest, that local (cutaneous) activity of tPA can be increased in psychogenic purpura, leading to substantial amounts of localized plasmin activity, rapid degradation of fibrin clots, and resultant bleeding. Petechial rash is also characteristic of a rickettsial infection.

See also

  • Bruise
  • Petechia
  • Ecchymoses
  • Purpura secondary to clotting disorders
  • Food-induced purpura

References

  1. ^ Mitchell RS; Kumar V; Robbins SL; Abbas AK; Fausto N (2007). Robbins basic pathology (8th ed.). Saunders/Elsevier. pp. 10–11. ISBN 1-4160-2973-7. 
  2. ^ Anderson JE, DeGoff W, McNamara M (1999). "Autoerythrocyte sensitization (psychogenic purpura): a case report and review of the literature". Pediatric emergency care 15 (1): 47–8. doi:10.1097/00006565-199902000-00014. PMID 10069314. 
  3. ^ Lotti T, Benci M, Sarti MG, Teofoli P, Senesi C, Bonan P, et al. (1993). "Psychogenic purpura with abnormally increased tPA dependent cutaneous fibrinolytic activity". Int J Dermatol 32 (7): 521–3. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02840.x. PMID 8340191. 

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • PURPURA — proprie concha, cuius liquore olim vestes tingebantur. Cn. Mattius in Mimiambis, apud A. Gellium, l. 20. c. 9. Iam tonsiles tapetes ebrii fucô, Quos concha purpura imbuens venenavit. Dico, olim; quia Veterum Purpura nobis periit ut infra… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • purpura — [ pyrpyra ] n. m. • 1837; mot lat. « pourpre » ♦ Méd. Ensemble de taches cutanées, de couleur rouge foncé, dues à des hémorragies circonscrites au niveau de la peau (pétéchies). Par ext. Maladie caractérisée essentiellement par de petites… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Púrpura — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Para otros usos de este término, véase Púrpura (desambiguación). Púrpura Coordenadas de color HTML #640099 RGB (r,g,b)B (102, 0, 153) …   Wikipedia Español

  • Purpura — Unter Purpura versteht man kleinfleckige Kapillarblutungen in der Haut, Unterhaut (Subkutis) oder den Schleimhäuten. Die einzelnen Blutungen können punktförmig (Petechien), seltener auch streifenförmig (Vibex), kleinflächig (Ekchymose) oder… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • púrpura — f. dermat. Hemorragia de eritrocitos en la piel o en mucosas que provoca la aparición de pequeñas manchas rojas. La púrpura suele estar causada por algún tipo de crisis sanguínea (trombopenia) o traumatismos. Medical Dictionary. 2011 …   Diccionario médico

  • púrpura — s. f. 1. Cor vermelha a tirar para o roxo. 2. Estofo tinto com a cor da púrpura. 3. As vestimentas régias (que antigamente eram cor de púrpura). 4.  [Por extensão] A dignidade real, o trono. 5. A dignidade de cardeal (por este usar vestes cor de… …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • púrpura — adjetivo,sustantivo masculino 1. [Color rojo] que es muy intenso y tira a violeta: traje púrpura. No me gusta el púrpura. Los cardenales visten de púrpura. sustantivo femenino 1. Molusco marino que segrega un líquido amarillo que se vuelve rojizo …   Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española

  • purpura — purpurà sf. (2); R283 žr. purpuras 2: Ir apsiautė jį purpura NTMr17,90. Apvilko jį skraiste purpùros DP168. Balti šilkai ir purpura yra jos rūbas VlnE160 …   Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language

  • púrpura — (Del lat. purpŭra). 1. f. Molusco gasterópodo marino, cuya concha, que es retorcida y áspera, tiene la boca o abertura ancha o con una escotadura en la base. Segrega en cortísima cantidad una tinta amarillenta, la cual al contacto del aire toma… …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • Purpura — Pur pu*ra, n. [L., purple, purple fish: cf. F. purpura. See {Purple}.] 1. (Med.) A disease characterized by livid spots on the skin from extravasated blood, with loss of muscular strength, pain in the limbs, and mental dejection; the purples.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • purpura — 1753, from Mod.L., from L. purpura (see PURPLE (Cf. purple)). Disease characterized by purple patches on the skin …   Etymology dictionary

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