miR-338

miR-338
Conserved secondary structure of miR-338 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
Symbol	miR-338
Alt. Symbols	MIR338
Rfam	RF00686
miRBase	MI0000814
miRBase family	MIPF0000097
Entrez	442906
HUGO	31775
OMIM	614059
RefSeq	NR_029897
Other data
RNA type	miRNA
Domain(s)	Mammalia
GO	0035195
SO	0001244
Locus	Chr. 17 q25.3

miR-338 is a family of brain-specific microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans.^[1] The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precusor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.^[2] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.^[3]

miR-338 is located in an intronic region within the gene for apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase (AATK). It has been predicted that it may downregulate genes which have a downstream negative effect on AATK expression.^[4]

Function

miR-338 is a brain-specific miRNA which regulates the expression of cytochrome c oxidase IV (COX4).^[1][5] The mature miR-338 miRNA sequence is complementary to a short section of the 3' untranslated region of COX4 mRNA. This mRNA sequence is presented atop a stem-loop structure, indicating it is accessible to miRNA processing.^[5]

Applications

miR-338 is dysregulated in neuroblastoma, and could potentially be implemented as a biomarker or future therapeutic agent.^[6] miR-338 has also been linked with hepatocellular carcinoma, and a large-scale diagnostic test has been suggested involving measurement of miR-338 expression in tissue samples.^[7] Furthermore, miR-338 is one of seven microRNAs whose expression profiles can be combined to give a prediction of the probability of survival of a patient with gastric cancer.^[8]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Aschrafi, A; Schwechter, AD, Mameza, MG, Natera-Naranjo, O, Gioio, AE, Kaplan, BB (2008 Nov 19). "MicroRNA-338 regulates local cytochrome c oxidase IV mRNA levels and oxidative phosphorylation in the axons of sympathetic neurons.". The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 28 (47): 12581–90. PMID 19020050. 
2. ^ Ambros, V (2001 Dec 28). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential.". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. PMID 11779458. 
3. ^ Gregory, RI; Chendrimada, TP, Cooch, N, Shiekhattar, R (2005 Nov 18). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing.". Cell 123 (4): 631–40. PMID 16271387. 
4. ^ Barik, S (2008 Sep). "An intronic microRNA silences genes that are functionally antagonistic to its host gene.". Nucleic acids research 36 (16): 5232–41. PMID 18684991. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Kaplan, BB; Gioio, AE, Hillefors, M, Aschrafi, A (2009). "Axonal protein synthesis and the regulation of local mitochondrial function.". Results and problems in cell differentiation 48: 225–42. PMID 19343315. 
6. ^ Ragusa, M; Majorana, A, Banelli, B, Barbagallo, D, Statello, L, Casciano, I, Guglielmino, MR, Duro, LR, Scalia, M, Magro, G, Di Pietro, C, Romani, M, Purrello, M (2010 Oct). "MIR152, MIR200B, and MIR338, human positional and functional neuroblastoma candidates, are involved in neuroblast differentiation and apoptosis.". Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 88 (10): 1041–53. PMID 20574809. 
7. ^ Huang, XH; Wang, Q, Chen, JS, Fu, XH, Chen, XL, Chen, LZ, Li, W, Bi, J, Zhang, LJ, Fu, Q, Zeng, WT, Cao, LQ, Tan, HX, Su, Q (2009 Aug). "Bead-based microarray analysis of microRNA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: miR-338 is downregulated.". Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology 39 (8): 786–94. PMID 19473441. 
8. ^ Li, X; Zhang, Y, Zhang, Y, Ding, J, Wu, K, Fan, D (2010 May). "Survival prediction of gastric cancer by a seven-microRNA signature.". Gut 59 (5): 579–85. PMID 19951901. 

Further reading

• He, QY; Peng, GP, Liu, WX, Luo, BY (2010 Nov). "[Interaction of microRNA-338 and its potential targeting protein eiF4E3].". Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 39 (6): 583–8. PMID 21166051.  (Chinese)
• Saba, R; Goodman, CD, Huzarewich, RL, Robertson, C, Booth, SA (2008). "A miRNA signature of prion induced neurodegeneration.". PloS one 3 (11): e3652. PMID 18987751. 

External links

• Rfam page for microRNA mir-338