miR-33

miR-33
Conserved secondary structure of miR-33 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
Symbol	miR-33
Alt. Symbols	mir33
Rfam	RF00667
miRBase	MI0000091
miRBase family	MIPF0000070
Entrez	407039
HUGO	31634
Other data
RNA type	miRNA
Domain(s)	Metazoa
GO	0035195
SO	0001244
Locus	Chr. 22 q13.2

miR-33 is a family of microRNA precursors, which are processed by the Dicer enzyme to give mature microRNAs.^[1] miR-33 is found in several animal species, including humans, and gives the mature product mir-33. In humans, members of the miR-33 family are located in intronic regions within two protein-coding genes for Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP-1 and SREBP-2).^[2]

Function

miR-33 plays a role in lipid metabolism; it downregulates a number of ABC transporters, including ABCA1 and ABCG1, which in turn regulate cholesterol and HDL generation.^[3][4] Further related roles of miR-33 have been proposed in fatty acid degradation and in macrophage response to low-density lipoprotein.^[2]

Potential binding sites for mir-33 have been identified in the cDNA of tumour suppressor p53.^[5] Further, study has shown that miR-33 is able to repress p53 expression and p53-induced apoptosis. This function is thought to be related to hematopoietic stem cell renewal.^[6]

Applications

miR-33, along with miR-122, could be used to diagnose or treat conditions related to metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease.^[2][7]

References

1. ^ Ambros, V (2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell 107 (7): 823–826. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} Najafi-Shoushtari, SH (2011 Jun). "MicroRNAs in cardiometabolic disease.". Current atherosclerosis reports 13 (3): 202–7. PMID 21461683. 
3. ^ Fernández-Hernando, C; Suárez, Y, Rayner, KJ, Moore, KJ (2011 Apr). "MicroRNAs in lipid metabolism.". Current opinion in lipidology 22 (2): 86–92. PMID 21178770. 
4. ^ Moore, KJ; Rayner, KJ, Suárez, Y, Fernández-Hernando, C (2010 Dec). "microRNAs and cholesterol metabolism.". Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM 21 (12): 699–706. PMID 20880716. 
5. ^ Herrera-Merchan, A; Cerrato, C, Luengo, G, Dominguez, O, Piris, MA, Serrano, M, Gonzalez, S (2010 Aug 15). "miR-33-mediated downregulation of p53 controls hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal.". Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 9 (16): 3277–85. PMID 20703086. 
6. ^ Fuster, JJ; Andrés, V (2010 Sep 1). "A role for miR-33 in p53 regulation: New perspectives for hematopoietic stem cell research.". Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 9 (17): 3397–8. PMID 20861665. 
7. ^ Najafi-Shoushtari, SH; Kristo, F, Li, Y, Shioda, T, Cohen, DE, Gerszten, RE, Näär, AM (2010 Jun 18). "MicroRNA-33 and the SREBP host genes cooperate to control cholesterol homeostasis.". Science (New York, N.Y.) 328 (5985): 1566–9. PMID 20466882. 

External links

• Rfam page for microRNA mir-33