miR-296

miR-296
Conserved secondary structure of miR-296 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
Symbol	miR-296
Alt. Symbols	MIR296
Rfam	RF00733
miRBase	MI0000747
miRBase family	MIPF0000159
Entrez	407022
HUGO	31617
OMIM	610945
RefSeq	NR_029844
Other data
RNA type	miRNA
Domain(s)	Mammalia
GO	0035195
SO	0001244
Locus	Chr. 20 q13.32

miR-296 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precusor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.^[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.^[2]

miR-296 has been named an "angiomiR"^[3] due to being characterised as a microRNA which regulates angiogenesis, the process of growth and creation of new blood vessels.^[4] miR-296 is thought to have a specific role in cancer in promoting tumour angiogenesis.^[3][5] It achieves this by targeting HGS mRNA, reducing its expression in endothelial cells which then results in greater number of VEGF receptors.^[3][6]

miR-296 has predicted target sites in the transcription factor NANOG^[7] and may also contribute to carcinogenesis by dysregulating p53.^[8]

References

1. ^ Ambros, V (2001 Dec 28). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential.". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. PMID 11779458. 
2. ^ Gregory, RI; Chendrimada, TP, Cooch, N, Shiekhattar, R (2005 Nov 18). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing.". Cell 123 (4): 631–40. PMID 16271387. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} Wang, S; Olson, EN (2009 Jun). "AngiomiRs--key regulators of angiogenesis.". Current opinion in genetics & development 19 (3): 205–11. PMID 19446450. 
4. ^ Anand, S; Cheresh, DA (2011 May). "MicroRNA-mediated regulation of the angiogenic switch.". Current opinion in hematology 18 (3): 171–6. PMID 21423013.  (subscription required)
5. ^ Bonauer, A; Boon, RA, Dimmeler, S (2010 Aug). "Vascular microRNAs.". Current drug targets 11 (8): 943–9. PMID 20415654. 
6. ^ Würdinger, T; Tannous, BA, Saydam, O, Skog, J, Grau, S, Soutschek, J, Weissleder, R, Breakefield, XO, Krichevsky, AM (2008 Nov 4). "miR-296 regulates growth factor receptor overexpression in angiogenic endothelial cells.". Cancer cell 14 (5): 382–93. PMID 18977327. 
7. ^ Tay, Y; Zhang, J, Thomson, AM, Lim, B, Rigoutsos, I (2008 Oct 23). "MicroRNAs to Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions modulate embryonic stem cell differentiation.". Nature 455 (7216): 1124–8. PMID 18806776. 
8. ^ Yoon, AR; Gao, R, Kaul, Z, Choi, IK, Ryu, J, Noble, JR, Kato, Y, Saito, S, Hirano, T, Ishii, T, Reddel, RR, Yun, CO, Kaul, SC, Wadhwa, R (2011 Jun 30). "MicroRNA-296 is enriched in cancer cells and downregulates p21WAF1 mRNA expression via interaction with its 3' untranslated region.". Nucleic acids research. PMID 21724611. 

External links

• Rfam page for microRNA mir-296