miR-191

miR-191
Conserved secondary structure of miR-191 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
Symbol	miR-191
Alt. Symbols	MIR191
Rfam	RF00764
miRBase	MI0000465
miRBase family	MIPF0000194
Entrez	406966
HUGO	31561
RefSeq	NR_029690
Other data
RNA type	miRNA
Domain(s)	Mammalia
GO	0035195
SO	0001244
Locus	Chr. 3 p21.31

miR-191 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precusor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.^[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.^[2]

miR-191 has been found to be dysregulated in a large number of different types of human tumour, including those of colorectal,^[3] breast and prostate cancers.^[4] Despite these cancer links, target genes of the mature miRNA have not been characterised, and it is not known which factors lead to its dysregulation in certain tumour cells.^[5]

The expression profile of miR-191 could be implemented in prognosis of acute myeloid leukaemia, with higher than average levels of miR-191 suggesting a lower survival probability.^[6]

References

1. ^ Ambros, V (2001 Dec 28). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential.". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. PMID 11779458. 
2. ^ Gregory, RI; Chendrimada, TP, Cooch, N, Shiekhattar, R (2005 Nov 18). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing.". Cell 123 (4): 631–40. PMID 16271387. 
3. ^ Xi, Y; Formentini, A, Chien, M, Weir, DB, Russo, JJ, Ju, J, Kornmann, M, Ju, J (2006). "Prognostic Values of microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer.". Biomarker insights 2: 113–121. PMID 18079988. 
4. ^ Volinia, S; Calin, GA, Liu, CG, Ambs, S, Cimmino, A, Petrocca, F, Visone, R, Iorio, M, Roldo, C, Ferracin, M, Prueitt, RL, Yanaihara, N, Lanza, G, Scarpa, A, Vecchione, A, Negrini, M, Harris, CC, Croce, CM (2006 Feb 14). "A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 (7): 2257–61. PMID 16461460. 
5. ^ Shen, J; DiCioccio, R, Odunsi, K, Lele, SB, Zhao, H (2010 Feb 18). "Novel genetic variants in miR-191 gene and familial ovarian cancer.". BMC cancer 10: 47. PMID 20167074. 
6. ^ Garzon, R; Volinia, S, Liu, CG, Fernandez-Cymering, C, Palumbo, T, Pichiorri, F, Fabbri, M, Coombes, K, Alder, H, Nakamura, T, Flomenberg, N, Marcucci, G, Calin, GA, Kornblau, SM, Kantarjian, H, Bloomfield, CD, Andreeff, M, Croce, CM (2008 Mar 15). "MicroRNA signatures associated with cytogenetics and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia.". Blood 111 (6): 3183–9. PMID 18187662. 

External links

• Rfam page for microRNA mir-191