DUSP2

Dual specificity phosphatase 2
PDB rendering based on 1m3g.
Available structures PDB 1m3g
Identifiers
Symbols	DUSP2; PAC-1; PAC1
External IDs	OMIM: 603068 MGI: 101911 HomoloGene: 3255 GeneCards: DUSP2 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein tyrosine phosphatase activity • protein tyrosine/threonine phosphatase activity • hydrolase activity • MAP kinase tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity • mitogen-activated protein kinase binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm Biological process • inactivation of MAPK activity • endoderm formation • protein dephosphorylation • peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation • regulation of apoptosis Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1844	13537
Ensembl	ENSG00000158050	ENSMUSG00000027368
UniProt	Q05923	Q2M4K0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004418	NM_010090.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004409	NP_034220.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 96.81 – 96.81 Mb	Chr 2: 127.16 – 127.16 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Dual specificity protein phosphatase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DUSP2 gene.^[1][2][3][4]

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the dual specificity protein phosphatase subfamily. These phosphatases inactivate their target kinases by dephosphorylating both the phosphoserine/threonine and phosphotyrosine residues. They negatively regulate members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase superfamily (MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK, p38), which are associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation. Different members of the family of dual specificity phosphatases show distinct substrate specificities for various MAP kinases, different tissue distribution and subcellular localization, and different modes of inducibility of their expression by extracellular stimuli. This gene product inactivates ERK1 and ERK2, is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic tissues, and is localized in the nucleus.^[4]

References

1. ^ Martell KJ, Kwak S, Hakes DJ, Dixon JE, Trent JM (Jan 1995). "Chromosomal localization of four human VH1-like protein-tyrosine phosphatases". Genomics 22 (2): 462–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1411. PMID 7806236. 
2. ^ Yi H, Morton CC, Weremowicz S, McBride OW, Kelly K (Dec 1995). "Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the DUSP2 gene, encoding a MAP kinase phosphatase, to human 2p11.2-q11". Genomics 28 (1): 92–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1110. PMID 7590752. 
3. ^ Yin Y, Liu YX, Jin YJ, Hall EJ, Barrett JC (Apr 2003). "PAC1 phosphatase is a transcription target of p53 in signalling apoptosis and growth suppression". Nature 422 (6931): 527–31. doi:10.1038/nature01519. PMID 12673251. 
4. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: DUSP2 dual specificity phosphatase 2". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1844. 

Further reading

• Wu J, Jin YJ, Calaf GM, et al. (2007). "PAC1 is a direct transcription target of E2F-1 in apoptotic signaling". Oncogene 26 (45): 6526–35. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210484. PMID 17471234. 
• Zhang Q, Muller M, Chen CH, et al. (2006). "New insights into the catalytic activation of the MAPK phosphatase PAC-1 induced by its substrate MAPK ERK2 binding". J. Mol. Biol. 354 (4): 777–88. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.10.006. PMID 16288922. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Kothapalli R, Yoder SJ, Kusmartseva I, Loughran TP (2004). "Characterization of a variant of PAC-1 in large granular lymphocyte leukemia". Protein Expr. Purif. 32 (1): 52–60. doi:10.1016/S1046-5928(03)00237-7. PMID 14680939. 
• Zhang Y, Guan DL, Xia CQ, et al. (2004). "Relationship between the expression levels of CD61, CD63, and PAC-1 on platelet surface in peripheral blood and the transplanted kidney function". Transplant. Proc. 35 (4): 1360–3. doi:10.1016/S0041-1345(03)00469-X. PMID 12826159. 
• Farooq A, Plotnikova O, Chaturvedi G, et al. (2003). "Solution structure of the MAPK phosphatase PAC-1 catalytic domain. Insights into substrate-induced enzymatic activation of MKP". Structure 11 (2): 155–64. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00943-7. PMID 12575935. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Ward Y, Gupta S, Jensen P, et al. (1994). "Control of MAP kinase activation by the mitogen-induced threonine/tyrosine phosphatase PAC1". Nature 367 (6464): 651–4. doi:10.1038/367651a0. PMID 8107850. 
• Rohan PJ, Davis P, Moskaluk CA, et al. (1993). "PAC-1: a mitogen-induced nuclear protein tyrosine phosphatase". Science 259 (5102): 1763–6. doi:10.1126/science.7681221. PMID 7681221. 
• Raingeaud J, Gupta S, Rogers JS, et al. (1995). "Pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress cause p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by dual phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (13): 7420–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.13.7420. PMID 7535770.