Esterase

Esterase

An esterase is a hydrolase enzyme that splits esters into an acid and an alcohol in a chemical reaction with water called hydrolysis.

A wide range of different esterases exist that differ in their substrate specificity, their protein structure, and their biological function.

EC classification/list of enzymes

** Acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.6), splits off acetyl groups
*** Cholinesterase
**** Acetylcholinesterase, inactivates the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
**** Pseudocholinesterase, broad substrate specificity, found in the blood plasma and in the liver
** Pectinesterase (EC 3.1.1.11), clarifies fruit juices

* "EC 3.1.2": Thiolester hydrolases
** Thioesterase
*** Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1

* "EC 3.1.3": Phosphoric monoester hydrolases
** Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.x), hydrolyses phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and an alcohol
*** Alkaline phosphatase, removes phosphate groups from many types of molecules, including nucleotides, proteins, and alkaloids.
*** Phosphodiesterase (PDE), inactivates the second messenger cAMP
**** cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, is inhibited by Sildenafil (Viagra)
** Fructose bisphosphatase (3.1.3.11), converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis

* "EC 3.1.4": Phosphoric diester hydrolases

* "EC 3.1.5": Triphosphoric monoester hydrolases

* "EC 3.1.6": Sulfuric ester hydrolases (sulfatases)

* "EC 3.1.7": Diphosphoric monoester hydrolases

* "EC 3.1.8": Phosphoric triester hydrolases

* Exonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases)
** "EC 3.1.11": Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
** "EC 3.1.13": Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
** "EC 3.1.14": Exoribonucleases producing 3'-phosphomonoesters
** "EC 3.1.15": Exonucleases active with either ribo- or deoxy-

* Endonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases)
** Endodeoxyribonuclease
** Endoribonuclease
** either deoxy- or ribo-

See also

* Enzyme
* List of enzymes
* Carboxylic acid
* Ester
* Leukocyte esterase
* Hemagglutinin esterase
* Nuclease

External links

* [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC3/1/ Enzyme nomenclature]


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  • estérase — [ ɛsteraz ] n. f. • XXe; 1916 en angl.; de ester et ase ♦ Biochim. Enzyme qui catalyse l hydrolyse et parfois la synthèse des esters. ⇒ lipase, phosphatase. ● estérase nom féminin Enzyme capable de séparer l alcool et l acide combinés dans un… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • esterase — [es′tər ās΄] n. [ ESTER + ASE] any hydrolase enzyme that acts as a catalyst in chemical reactions involving the hydrolysis of an ester …   English World dictionary

  • Estérase — Hydrolase Cristal de lysozyme Les hydrolases constituent une classe d enzymes qui catalysent les réactions d hydrolyse d esters (estérases: carboxylester hydrolases; phosphomonoestérases; phosphodiestérases), de liaisons peptidiques …   Wikipédia en Français

  • esterase — esterazė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Fermentas, katalizuojantis esterinių ryšių hidrolizę. atitikmenys: angl. esterase rus. эстераза …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • esterase — noun Date: 1910 an enzyme that accelerates the hydrolysis or synthesis of esters …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Esterase — Esterasen sind Enzyme, die in der Lage sind Ester niederer Carbonsäuren hydrolytisch in einen Alkohol und eine Säure aufzuspalten (Verseifung). Es handelt sich somit um Hydrolasen. Fettspaltende Esterasen nennt man Lipasen. Esterasen finden in… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • esterase — An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of organic esters to release an alcohol or thiol and acid. The term could be applied to enzymes that hydrolyze carboxylate, phosphate and sulphate esters, but is more often restricted to the first class of… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • esterase — /es teuh rays , rayz /, n. Biochem. any enzyme that hydrolyzes an ester into an alcohol and an acid. [1915 20; ESTER + ASE] * * * …   Universalium

  • esterase — noun Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of an ester …   Wiktionary

  • esterase — A generic term for enzymes (EC class 3.1, hydrolases) that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters. C1 e. subunit of the first component of complement (C1) involved in the activation of the classical …   Medical dictionary

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