Mikhail Stadukhin

Mikhail Stadukhin
Northeast Siberia. The Penzhina River is barely visible as the curved river that flows into the northeast corner of the Sea of Okhotsk. The town of Okhotsk is southeast of the Aldan River

Mikhail Vasilyevich Stadukhin (Russian: Михаил Васильевич Стадухин) (died 1666) was a Russian explorer of far northeast Siberia, one of the first to reach the Kolyma, Anadyr, Penzhina and Gizhiga Rivers and the northern Sea of Okhotsk. He was a Pomor, probably born in the village of Pinega, and the nephew of a Moscow merchant. By 1633 he was on the Lena River.

To the Kolyma and Anadyr

In 1641 he led an overland expedition to a tributary of the Indigirka River (this 'Yemolkon River' can no longer be identified, but the name is probably a variant of Omyakon, "the coldest place on earth". If the connection is correct, he was fairly far upriver and inland). With him was Semyon Dezhnyov. Finding little fur and hostile natives in 1642 or 43 they built a koch and sailed down the Indigirka to the sea. Here he met Yarilo Zyryan, who had had similar bad luck on the Alazeya River. The united group sailed east to the Kolyma River and built winter quarters, probably at Srednekolymsk. The Kolyma soon proved to be one of the richest fur areas in eastern Siberia. In 1645 he returned to Yakutsk with a cargo of sable skins. In 1647 he was ordered to return and conquer the 'Pogycha River' which was thought to lie east of the Kolyma. Because of bad weather he was forced to winter on the Yana River. Next spring he went by sled to the Indigirka, built a koch and sailed to the Kolyma. There he learned that Dezhnev had left for the Pogycha in 1648. In July of 1649 he followed Dezhnev with 2 koches and 30 men. One koch was wrecked. He reached (probably) the east cape of Chaunskaya Bay (some put him as far east as Kolyuchinskaya Bay). He learned from captives that two of Dezhnev's koches had been wrecked and their crews killed by the natives 'and the others lived on the sea' (which may explain the fate of 2 more of Dezhnev's boats). Faced with short provisions, poor fishing, a rocky coast and ominous reports from the natives, he returned to the Kolyma. Meanwhile it had been learned that the headwaters of the Anyuy River branch of the Kolyma were close to those of the Anadyr River. Deciding that this was the real Pogycha, he set off and after a seven week sled journey reached Semyon Dezhnyov's camp on the Anadyr (1650). The two groups spent the next year quarreling, exploring and collecting tribute from the Anaul natives.

Sea of Okhotsk

In February or March 1651 he set off south and reached the Penzhina River. After the thaw he built a boat, sailed west along the coast and wintered at the mouth of the Gizhiga River. In the fall of 1652 he wintered on the Yama River east of Magadan and some time later on the Tauy River (on the west side of Magadan bay). In 1657 he appeared at Okhotsk. In 1659 he was at Yakutsk and later went to Moscow where he was appointed an ataman. He returned to Yakutsk and died in 1666.

Given the poor records, it is not clear what he was doing in the 6 years it took to go from the Penzhina to Okhotsk. It is possible that he explored some part of western Kamchatka Peninsula and may have crossed the northern neck to a point where he could see the Pacific. The story that he sailed completely around the peninsula is probably a legend.

He seems to have a fairly rough fellow. Many of the surviving documents record his quarrels with other Russians and mistreatment of the natives. He is not to be confused with Taras,Garasim and Yakob Stadukhin (probably his brother, brother and son) who were also in Siberia at this time.

References

Raymond H Fisher, The Voyage of Semen Dezhnev in 1648, The Hakluyt Society, 1981.


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Mikhail Somov — Mikhail Mikhailovich Somov (Russian: Михаил Михайлович Сомов) (7 April 1908, Moscow 30 December 1973, Leningrad) was a Soviet oceanologist, polar explorer, Doctor of Geographical Sciences (1954). Mikhail Somov graduated from the Moscow… …   Wikipedia

  • Mikhail Gvozdev — Mikhail Spiridonovich Gvozdev (Михаил Гвоздев) (1700 04 after 1759) was a Russian military geodesist and a commander of the expedition to northern Alaska in 1732, when Alaskan shore was for the first time sited by Russians.[1][2] In 1732,… …   Wikipedia

  • Mikhail Lavrov — Admiral Mikhail Lavrov Mikhail Andrianovich Lavrov (Russian: Лавров, Михаил Андрианович) (1799–1882) was a Russian rear admiral and Arctic explorer. Mikhail Lavrov was born on September 13, 1799 in the city of Arkhangelsk. He graduated from… …   Wikipedia

  • Mikhail Lazarev — Portrait of Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev Admiral Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev (Russian: Михаил Петрович Лазарев, November 3, 1788 – April 11, 1851) w …   Wikipedia

  • List of Russian explorers — The Russian Empire at its peak in 1866, including the spheres of influence; this territorial expansion largely corresponds to the extent of contiguous exploration by Russians. This is a list of explorers from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union …   Wikipedia

  • Mijaíl Stadujin — Mapa de Siberia Noreste. El río Penzhina es el río curvado que fluye hacia el noreste en la esquina del mar de Ojotsk. La ciudad de Ojotsk está al sudeste del río Aldan Mikhail Vasilyevich Stadukhin (en ruso: Михаил Васильевич Стадухин) (?… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Semyon Dezhnyov — A sculptural portrait of Dezhnyov by B. N. Brodsky Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnyov (Russian: Семён Иванович Дежнёв, IPA: [sʲɪˈmʲɵn ɪˈvanəvʲɪt͡ɕ dʲɪˈʐnʲɵf]; commonly spelled Dezhnev in English language sources; c. 1605 – 1672) was a Russian… …   Wikipedia

  • List of Russian people — The Millennium of Russia monument in Veliky Novgorod, featuring the statues and reliefs of the most celebrated people in the first 1000 years of Russian history …   Wikipedia

  • Semión Dezhniov — Semión Ivánovich Dezhniov Nacimiento hacia …   Wikipedia Español

  • Historia de Siberia — La Conquista de Siberia de Yermak, una pintura de Vasily Surikov. La historia de Siberia puede ser rastreada desde las civilizaciones nómadas de los escitas y de los xiongnu, que datan de antes de la era cristiana. Las etapas del sur de Siberia… …   Wikipedia Español

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”