List of Arctic expeditions

List of Arctic expeditions

This list of Arctic expeditions is a timeline of historic expeditions in, and explorers of, the Arctic.

Pre-expedition

*Inuit, Greek, and Viking voyages in the far north

Pre-1800s

*Martin Frobisher
*William Barents
*Henry Hudson
*William Baffin
*Vitus Bering

*1733 - 1743 Great Northern Expedition / Second Kamchatka expedition

1800s

*1818 Royal Navy expedition led by Captain David Buchan
*1827 Royal Navy expedition led by William Edward Parry
*1838-1840 La Recherche Expedition (1838-1840)
*1845 Franklin's lost expedition led by Sir John Franklin
*1853 - 1855 American expedition led by Elisha Kent Kane
*1860 - 1861 American expedition led by Isaac Israel Hayes
*1860 - 1862 First expedition led by Charles Francis Hall (USA)
*1864 - 1869 Second expedition led by Charles Francis Hall
*1868 First German North Polar Expedition led by Carl Koldewey
*1869 Second German North Polar Expedition led by Carl Koldewey
*1871 - 1873 Third expedition led by Charles Francis Hall: Polaris expedition
*1872 - 1874 Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition led by Captain Karl Weyprecht
*1875 - 1876 British Arctic Expedition led by Captain George Nares
*1878 - 1879 Swedish expedition in "Vega", led by Baron Adolf Eric Nordenskiöld
*1879 - 1882 USS Jeanette expedition with Lt. George Washington De Long (commander) and George W. Melville (chief engineer)
*1881 - 1884 US Army expedition led by Adolphus Greely
*1883 Failed attempt by Nordenskiöld to cross Greenland
*1886 Failed attempt by Robert E Peary (USA) to cross Greenland
*1888 First successful Greenland crossing by Norwegian expedition led by Fridtjof Nansen
*1891 - 1892 Third US Greenland expedition led by Peary
*1893 - 1895 Fourth US Greenland expedition led by Peary
*1893 - 1896 Norwegian expedition by Fridtjof Nansen and Hjalmar Johansen on the Fram and overland
*1894 - 1897 Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition, led by Frederick George Jackson
*1898 - 1902 expeditions and explorations by Otto Sverdrup on the Fram
*1897 S. A. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition
*1898 - 1902 Second "Fram" voyage under Otto Sverdrup
*1899 Attempt to ski to North Pole from Franz Josef Land by Walter Wellman
*1899 -1900 Italian North Pole expedition led by Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi on the ship "Stella Polare"

1900s

*1900 - 1903 Zarya ship (Russia)
*1901 - 1902 First North Pole expedition financed by US industrialist William Ziegler, led by Evelyn Baldwin
*1903 - 1905 Ziegler Polar Expedition overland, led by Anthony Fiala
*1905 - 1906 North Pole expedition led by Peary, from Ellesmere Island
*1906, 1907, 1909 America airship and Walter Wellman
*1907 - 1909 US North Pole expedition led by Frederick Cook
*1908 - 1909 expedition led by Robert Peary
*1913 Crocker Land Expedition
*1913 - 1914 Russian expedition aboard "Foka", led by Georgiy Sedov
*1913 - 1914 Karluk voyage
*1925 Flying boat expedition led by Roald Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth
*1926 Aircraft flight over Pole by Robert Byrd
*1926 Norge airship (Umberto Nobile)
*1928 Italia airship (Umberto Nobile)
*1930 Bratvaag Expedition
*1932 Icebreaker Sibiryakov
*1933 Chelyuskin steamship
*1937 Soviet transpolar flights
*1938-present Soviet and Russian manned drifting ice stations
*1948 Russian scientifiic expedition led by Alexander Kuznetsov lands aircraft at Pole
*1958 USS Nautilus passes under the Arctic ice
*1968 - 69 Wally Herbert, British explorer, reaches Pole on foot and traverses the polar sea
*1977 Arktika, nuclear-powered icebreaker, reaches the North Pole

2000s

*2007 Arktika 2007, Russian submersible descends to the ocean floor below the North Pole

ee also

*Polar exploration
*Farthest North
*North Pole
*Territorial claims in the Arctic
*History of research ships
*List of Antarctic expeditions

Further reading

*"To the Arctic, The Story of Northern Exploration from Earliest Times" (Jeanette Mirsky, 1997)

External links

* [http://www.allthingsarctic.com/exploration/timeline.aspx Exploration Timeline] from "All Things Arctic"


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