Nitric oxide synthase 2 (inducible)

Nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible
Rendering of 1NSI
Available structures PDB 1NSI, 2NSI, 3E7G, 3EJ8, 3HR4, 4NOS
Identifiers
Symbols	NOS2; HEP-NOS; INOS; NOS; NOS2A
External IDs	OMIM: 163730 MGI: 97361 HomoloGene: 55473 GeneCards: NOS2 Gene
EC number	1.14.13.39
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nitric-oxide synthase activity • nitric-oxide synthase activity • protein binding • calmodulin binding • FMN binding • oxidoreductase activity • heme binding • tetrahydrobiopterin binding • arginine binding • protein homodimerization activity • metal ion binding • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • NADP binding Cellular component • intracellular • nucleus • cytoplasm • cytosol • cytosol • cortical cytoskeleton • perinuclear region of cytoplasm Biological process • response to hypoxia • positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity • innate immune response in mucosa • arginine catabolic process • superoxide metabolic process • nitric oxide biosynthetic process • blood coagulation • peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation • platelet activation • regulation of cell proliferation • defense response to bacterium • defense response to bacterium • regulation of cellular respiration • regulation of insulin secretion • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4843	18126
Ensembl	ENSG00000007171	ENSMUSG00000020826
UniProt	P35228	P29477
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000625.4	NM_010927.3
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000616.3	NP_035057.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 26.08 – 26.13 Mb	Chr 11: 78.73 – 78.77 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Nitric oxide synthase, inducible is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOS2 gene.^[1]

Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. This gene encodes a nitric oxide synthase which is expressed in liver and is inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. Three related pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[2]

Interactions

Nitric oxide synthase 2A has been shown to interact with Caveolin 1^[3] and Rac2.^[4]

References

1. ^ Geller DA, Lowenstein CJ, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Wang SC, Nakayama DK, Simmons RL, Snyder SH, Billiar TR (May 1993). "Molecular cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from human hepatocytes". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 (8): 3491–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3491. PMC 46326. PMID 7682706. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=46326. 
2. ^ "Entrez Gene: NOS2A nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4843. 
3. ^ Felley-Bosco, E; Bender F C, Courjault-Gautier F, Bron C, Quest A F (Dec. 2000). "Caveolin-1 down-regulates inducible nitric oxide synthase via the proteasome pathway in human colon carcinoma cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 97 (26): 14334–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.250406797. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 18919. PMID 11114180. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=18919. 
4. ^ Kuncewicz, T; Balakrishnan P, Snuggs M B, Kone B C (Aug. 2001). "Specific association of nitric oxide synthase-2 with Rac isoforms in activated murine macrophages". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. (United States) 281 (2): F326–36. ISSN 0363-6127. PMID 11457725.