- Open-mid back rounded vowel
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Open-mid back rounded vowel ɔ Image 
IPA number 306 Encoding Entity (decimal) ɔUnicode (hex) U+0254 X-SAMPA OKirshenbaum OSound
The open-mid back rounded vowel, or low-mid back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɔ. The IPA symbol is a turned letter c and both the symbol and the sound are commonly called "open-o". The name open-o represents the sound, in that it is like the sound represented by [o], the close-mid back rounded vowel, except it is more open. It also represents the symbol, which can be remembered as an o which has been "opened" by removing part of the closed circular shape.
The IPA prefers terms "close" and "open" for vowels, and the name of the article follows this. However, a large number of linguists, perhaps a majority, prefer the terms "high" and "low", and these are the only terms found in introductory textbooks on phonetics such as those by Peter Ladefoged.
Contents
Features
IPA vowel chart Front Near-front Central Near-back Back Close Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open Paired vowels are: unrounded • rounded This table contains phonetic symbols. They may not display correctly in some browsers (Help).
IPA help • IPA key • chart •
chart with audio • view- Its vowel height is open-mid, also known as low-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between an open vowel (a low vowel) and a mid vowel.
- Its vowel backness is back, which means the tongue is positioned as far back as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
- Its vowel roundedness is protruded, which means that the corners of the lips are drawn together, and the inner surfaces exposed.
Occurrence
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes Albanian po [pɔ] 'yes' Bamana wɔɔrɔ [wɔːrɔ] 'six' Bengali বস [bɔʃ] 'sit' See Bengali phonology Catalan[1] soc [ˈsɔk] 'clog' See Catalan phonology Chinese Cantonese 我/ngo5 [ŋɔː˩˧] 'I' See Cantonese phonology Mandarin 我/wǒ [uɔ˨˩˦] 'I' See Mandarin phonology Min 五 [ɡɔ˨] 'five' Wu 跑 [bɔ˨˩˦] 'run' Dutch Standard bot [bɔt] 'bone' See Dutch phonology Amelands hôl [hɔːl] 'hollow' English Australian hot [hɔt] 'hot' See Australian English phonology GA dog [dɔɡ] 'dog' Can be closer or equal to [ɑ] in some dialects. See English phonology. RP bore [bɔː] 'bore' Faroese góðan morgun [ˌɡɔuwan ˈmɔɹɡʊn] 'good morning' French[2] sort [sɔʁ] 'fate' or 'leaves' See French phonology Georgian[3] სწორი [st͡sʼɔɾi] 'correct' German voll [fɔl] 'full' See German phonology Italian[4] parola [paˈɾɔːla] 'word' See Italian phonology Lao ບ [bɔː] 'origin' Norwegian topp [tɔp] 'top' See Norwegian phonology Occitan òme [ˈɔme] 'man' Polish[5] kot [kɔt] (help·info)'cat' See Polish phonology Portuguese[6] só [sɔ] 'alone' See Portuguese phonology Swedish åtta [ˈɔtːa] (help·info)'eight' See Swedish phonology Tajik тоҷикӣ [tɔːdʒɪˈkiː] 'Tajik language' Ukrainian вовк [wɔwk] 'wolf' See Ukrainian phonology Uzbek O'zbek [ɔzˈbek] 'Uzbek' Vietnamese to [tɔ] 'large' See Vietnamese phonology West Frisian bôle [bɔːɫə] 'bread' See also
References
- ^ Carbonell & Llisterri (1992:54)
- ^ Fougeron & Smith (1993:73)
- ^ Shosted & Chikovani (2006:261–262)
- ^ Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004:119)
- ^ Jassem (2003:105)
- ^ Cruz-Ferreira (1995:91)
Bibliography
- Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22 (1-2): 53–56
- Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 25 (2): 90–94
- Fougeron, Cecile; Smith, Caroline L (1993), "Illustrations of the IPA:French", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23 (2): 73–76
- Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103–107
- Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004), "Italian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (1): 117–121
- Shosted, Ryan K.; Vakhtang, Chikovani (2006), "Standard Georgian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36 (2): 255–264
International Phonetic Alphabet IPA topics IPA International Phonetic Association · History of the IPA · Kiel convention (1989) · Journal of the IPA (JIPA) · Naming conventionsPhonetics Special topics Encodings Consonants IPA pulmonic consonants chartchart image • audioPlace → Labial Coronal Dorsal Radical Glottal ↓ Manner Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Epiglottal Glottal Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Plosive p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Trill ʙ r ɽ͡r ʀ я * Flap or tap ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̯ Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ ɭ˔̊ ʎ̥˔ ʟ̝̊ Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ Lateral flap ɺ ɺ̠ ʎ̯ Non-pulmonic consonants Clicks ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ Implosives ɓ ɗ ʄ ᶑ ɠ ʛ Ejectives pʼ tʼ cʼ ʈʼ kʼ qʼ fʼ θʼ sʼ ɬʼ xʼ χʼ tsʼ tɬʼ cʎ̝̥ʼ tʃʼ ʈʂʼ kxʼ kʟ̝̊ʼ Affricates p̪f ts dz tʃ dʒ tɕ dʑ ʈʂ ɖʐ tɬ dɮ cç ɟʝ Co-articulated consonants Fricatives ɕ ʑ ɧ Approximants ʍ w ɥ ɫ Stops k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, left—right represent the voiceless—voiced consonants. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible. * Symbol not defined in IPA. Chart image Vowels Vowels: IPA help • chart • chart with audio • viewCategories:- Vowels
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