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The Russia Portal
Russia (Russian: Россия, Rossiya), also the Russian Federation, Rossiyskaya Federatsiya), is a transcontinental country extending over much of northern Eurasia. It is a semi-presidential republic comprising of 83 federal subjects. Russia shares land borders with the following countries (counter-clockwise from northwest to southeast): Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast), Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Abkhazia, Georgia, South Ossetia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It is also close to the U.S. state of Alaska, Sweden, Denmark, Turkey and Japan across relatively small stretches of water (the Bering Strait, the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea and La Pérouse Strait, respectively).
At 17,075,400 square kilometers, Russia is by far the largest country in the world, covering more than an eighth of the Earth’s land area; with 143 million people, it is the eighth largest by population. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 11 time zones and incorporating a great range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's greatest reserves of mineral and energy resources, and is considered an energy superpower. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's unfrozen fresh water.
National Anthem of Russia More about Russia... Featured article
Belarus is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, that borders Russia to the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the north. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno, Gomel, Mogilev and Vitebsk. Until the 20th century, the Belarusians lacked the opportunity to create a distinctive national identity, since the lands of modern-day Belarus belonged to several countries, including the Duchy of Polatsk, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire. After the short-lived Belarusian People's Republic (1918–19), Belarus became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Byelorussian SSR. The final unification of Belarusian lands within its modern borders took place in 1939, when the ethnically Belarusian lands that were part of interwar Poland were annexed by the USSR and attached to the Soviet Belarus. The parliament of the republic declared the sovereignty of Belarus on July 27, 1990, and following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Belarus declared independence on August 25, 1991. Alexander Lukashenko has been the country's president since 1994. Since 1996, Belarus has been negotiating with Russia to unify into a single state called the Union of Russia and Belarus.
Featured picture
Maslenitsa, a 1919 painting depicting the carnival of the same name, which takes place the last week before Great Lent. The painting encompasses a broad range of things associated with Russia, such as snowy winter weather, a troika, an Orthodox church with onion domes. Painted in the aftermath of the October Revolution, the canvas was intended as a farewell to the unspoilt "Holy Russia" of yore.
Did you know...
- ...that the Imperial Russian Navy operated the Satakundskaya Flotilla (pictured), a gunboat unit on a Finnish lake during World War I, without ever actually firing a gun?
- ...that the Soviet Red Army's T-10 heavy tank was originally named IS-10 for Iosif Stalin (Joseph Stalin), but renamed in the climate of de-Stalinization, after Stalin's death in 1953?
- ...that klezmer musician Josef Gusikov became world-famous playing his invention — a xylophone made out of wood and straw?
In this month
- November 1, 1612 - Polish-Russian War (1609-1618): Russian patriots rising against the Poles recaptured the Kremlin.
- November 4, 1794 - Battle of Praga: Russian troops captured the Praga borough of Warsaw and massacred its civilian population.
- November 6, 1796 - Catherine II of Russia died. The throne fell to her son, Paul I.
- November 19, 1825 - Alexander I of Russia died of typhus. The army swore allegiance to his eldest brother, the Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich. Constantine, however, following Alexander's choice of successor, swore allegiance to his younger brother, Nicholas I.
- November 29, 1830 - November Uprising: A group of Polish nationalists attacked Belweder Palace, the seat of the Governor-General.
More anniversaries...Featured biography
Laika was one of the Russian space dogs and the first living being to enter orbit, as a passenger on Sputnik 2, a Soviet spacecraft. Some classify her as the first animal to enter space, although other animals had entered space during sub-orbital flights on previous missions. Laika was found as a stray wandering the streets of Moscow, a female part-Samoyed terrier weighing approximately 6 kg (13 lb). Laika died on November 4, 1957, a few hours after launch, due to stress and overheating. Her true cause of death was not made public until years after the flight, with officials always stating that she was either euthanized by poisoned food or died when the oxygen supply ran out. Russian officials have since expressed regret for allowing Laika to die; to this date, Laika is the only living passenger ever to have been launched into space without the intention of retrieval.
In the news
Wikinews Russia portal
- September 10: Out of space in outer space: Special report on NASA's 'space junk' plans
- September 4: Retired Russian policeman charged in journalist Anna Politkovskaya’s murder
- August 27: Retired policeman arrested in connection with murdered journalist Anna Politkovskaya
- August 3: Russian geographer Andrey Kapitsa dies aged 80
- July 13: Russian tour boat sinks, killing over 100
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