List of people considered father or mother of a field

Revisions and sourced additions are welcome; please only include historical figures.

The following is a list of significant men and women known for being the father, mother, or considered the founders mostly in Western socities in a field, listed by category. In most non-science fields, the title of being the "father" is debatable.

Church

Main article: Church Fathers

Games

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
Miniature wargaming	H.G. Wells[1]
Modern video game	Shigeru Miyamoto[2]	Creator of many successful Nintendo franchises
PlayStation	Ken Kutaragi[3][4]	Creator of the Sony PlayStation consoles, including the best-selling console of all time.
Role-playing game	Gary Gygax[5]	Creator of Dungeons & Dragons
Stealth game	Hideo Kojima[6]	Creator of the Metal Gear stealth-action games
Video game	Ralph H. Baer[7]	Inventor of the video game console
Wargaming	Charles S. Roberts[8]

Humanities

Main article: List of persons considered a founder in a Humanities field

Military

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
Aerial warfare	Oswald Boelcke[9]	The first to formalize rules of air fighting, which he presented as the Dicta Boelcke, also credited as being the first pilot to shoot down an aircraft.
Atomic bomb	Robert Oppenheimer[10] Leó Szilárd[11] Enrico Fermi[12]
Blitzkrieg	Heinz Guderian[13][14]
The West's Hydrogen bomb	Edward Teller[15]
Atomic submarine and "nuclear navy"	Hyman G. Rickover[16][17][18]
Fourth Generation Warfare	William S. Lind[citation needed]
French sailing navy	Jean-Baptiste Colbert[19]	Built on the fleet of France inherited from Cardinal Richelieu.
Naval Special Warfare	Phil H. Bucklew[20]	US Naval Officer and First Commanding Officer of Navy SEAL Team One
Naval tactical studies	Paul Hoste[21]	Jesuit Professor of Mathematics at the Royal College of the Marine in Toulon; wrote L'Art des Armées Navales (1697)
Luftwaffe and Luftstreitkräfte	Oswald Boelcke[22]
The Soviet Union's Hydrogen Bomb	Andrei Sakharov[23]
United States Airborne	William C. Lee[24]	First commander of the parachute school at Fort Benning, Georgia.
United States Cavalry	Kazimierz Pułaski[25]	Brigadier-general and commander of the cavalry of the Continental Army (1770s).
United States Navy	Commodore John Barry[26] Captain John Paul Jones[27]

Nations

Main articles: Father of the Nation, Mother of the Nation, and List of national founders

Natural and social sciences

Main article: List of persons considered father or mother of a scientific field

Sports

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
American football	Walter Camp[28]
American motocross	Edison Dye[29]	Introduced motorcross to American riders.
American road racing	Cameron Argetsinger[30]	Introduced the first US auto race that was dedicated to road courses at Watkins Glen.
American soccer	Steve Ross[31]	Godfather, created the New York Cosmos soccer team and imported a number of well known international footballers to the team in an attempt to bring interest to soccer in the US.
Angling	Izaak Walton[32]	Author of The Compleat Angler.
Argentine football	Alexander Watson Hutton[33]
Argentine professional golf	José Jurado[34]
Argentine winter sports	Otto Meiling[35]
Association football	Ebenezer Cobb Morley[36]
Baseball	Henry Chadwick[37][38][39][40]
Basketball	James Naismith	Left many diaries and interviews that explain how and when he created basketball.
BMX	Scot Breithaupt[41]
Brazilian football	Charles William Miller[42]
Camel Lights	Jim Downing	Built a racecar a season before it became the basis of a new lightweight prototype class in 1985.[43]
Canadian rodeo	O. Raymond Knight[44]	Coined the rodeo term "stampede" and was world's first rodeo producer, rodeo stock contractor, and rodeo champion in 1902.
Drag racing	Wally Parks[45]	Founder of the NHRA and organized the first legitimate drag race.
	Don Garlits[46]	Considered to be one of the innovators of drag racing safety.
	Eddie Hill[47]	Regarded as the forefather of drag racing.
Drifting	Kunimitsu Takahashi[48]	Introduced an aggressive high speed cornering technique that became widely used for illicit purposes which eventually became a sport.
East Coast skateboarding	Vinny Raffa[49]
Florida skateboarding	Bruce Walker[50]
Freestyle BMX	Bob Haro[51][52]
Freestyle Motocross	Mike Metzger[53]	Godfather.
Funny Car	Dick Landy[54]
Italian football	James Richardson Spensley[55]	Given due to his association with Genoa CFC and his contribution to the modern day variation of the game in Italy.
	William Garbutt[56]	Laying the foundations of skilled coaching in Italian football.
Japanese baseball	Horace Wilson[57]	Credited for introducing baseball in Japan.
	Hiroshi Hiraoka[58]	Credited for establishing the first baseball team.
Jogging	Jim Fixx[59]	Founding father.
Kart racing	Art Ingels[60]	Developed the world's first kart (1956).
Lacrosse	William George Beers[61][62][63][64]	Codified the sport.
Mixed martial arts	Bruce Lee[65]	Called so by Dana White, president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. For his experimentation into other styles and invention of Jeet Kune Do.
Modern bodybuilding	Eugen Sandow[66]
	Harold Zinkin[67]	Called so by Arnold Schwarzenegger during a press statement on his passing in 2004. Inventor of the modern exercise machines.
Modern boxing	James Figg[68]
	James J. Corbett[citation needed]
Modern figure skating	Jackson Haines[69]
Modern sabre fencing	Italo Santelli[70]
Modern surfing	Duke Kahanamoku[71]
NASCAR	Bill France, Sr.[72]	Foundation of the sanctioning body for stock car racing.
Rugby union	A. G. Guillemard[73]
	William Webb Ellis[74]	"Who with a fine disregard for the rules of football as played in his time first took the ball in his arms and ran with it thus originating the distinctive feature of the rugby game".
Scuba diving	Jacques Cousteau[75]	Developed the aqua-lung jointly with Émile Gagnan; popularized scuba diving as a research diver, writer, and film and television producer and personality.
Skateboarding	Skip Engblom[76]
	Tony Hawk[77]
Snowboarding	Jake Burton Carpenter[78]
Supercross	Mike Goodwin[79]	Organized the first supercross race.
Televised golf	Frank Chirkinian[80][81]	Personally responsible for much of the production conventions of modern golf broadcasting.
The Football Association	Ebenezer Cobb Morley[36]	Founder.

Technology

Fields

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
Aerodynamics (modern)	Sir George Cayley [82][83]	Founding father of modern Aerodynamics. The first to identify the four aerodynamic forces of flight—weight, lift, drag, and thrust. Modern airplane design is based on those discoveries.
Architecture	Imhotep[84]	Built the first pyramid
Astronautics	Konstantin Tsiolkovsky[85] Robert H. Goddard[86] Hermann Oberth[87]
Aviation	Father Francesco Lana-Terzi[88]	Book: Prodromo alla Arte Maestra (1670). First to describe the geometry and physics of a flying vessel.
British watchmaking	Thomas Tompion[89]
Clinical trials	James Lind[90]	Conducted the first controlled clinical trial in the modern era of medicine, an investigation on using citrus food as a treatment for scurvy aboard HMS Salisbury in 1747
Computing	Charles Babbage[91]	Inventor of the Analytical Engine which was never constructed in his lifetime.
Cybernetics	Norbert Wiener[92][93]
Modern Bladesmithing	William F. Moran	Founder of the American Bladesmith Society
Modern Knifemaking	Bob Loveless	Founder of the Knifemakers' Guild
Photography	Louis Daguerre[94] Nicéphore Niépce[95] William Henry Fox Talbot[96] Thomas Wedgwood[97]

Inventions

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
Air conditioning	Willis Carrier	[98]
Chronograph	George Graham[89][99]	Referred so by Bernard Humbert of the Horology School of Bienne on his 1990 book he Chronograph as Graham was the first to construct a horological mechanism
Compact Disc	Kees Immink[100]
Compiler	Grace Hopper
Computer	Konrad Zuse[101]	Invented world's first functional program-controlled computer.
	Alan Turing[102][103]	Was a secret code breaker during WWII and invented the Turing machine (1936).
	John von Neumann[104]	Became "intrigued" with Turing's universal machine and later emphasised the importance of the stored-program concept for electronic computing (1945), including the possibility of allowing the machine to modify its own program in useful ways while running.
	John V. Atanasoff[105]	Invented the digital computer in the 1930s
Computer Program	Ada Lovelace[106]	Recognized by historians as the writer of the world's first computer program which was for the Charles Babbage Analytical Engine, but was never complete within either her or his lifetime.
Ekranoplan	Rostislav Alexeev
Helicopter	Igor Sikorsky [107]	Invented the first successful helicopter, upon which further designs were based.
Internet	Vint Cerf[108][109] Bob Kahn[110] [111]	Co-invented Internet protocol (IP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in 1973, the two original protocols of the Internet protocol suite.[112]
Instant noodle	Momofuku Ando[113]	Inventor of the instant noodle, also founder of Nissin Foods to produce and market them.
Japanese television	Kenjiro Takayanagi[114][115]
Jet engine	Frank Whittle[116][117]
Karaoke	Daisuke Inoue[118]	Inventor of the machine as a means of allowing people to sing without the need of a live back-up.
Laser	Charles Hard Townes
Lightning prediction system	Alexander Stepanovich Popov	The first lightning prediction system, the Lightning detector, was invented in 1894 by Alexander Stepanovich Popov.
Marine chronometer	John Harrison[119]
Microprocessor	Marcian Hoff[120] Masatoshi Shima[121]
Mobile phone	Martin Cooper[122]	He is the main brainchild of hand-held phone and with the help of Motorola team he developed the first handset in 1973 weighing in at two kilos.
Pentium microprocessor	Vinod Dham[123][124]	The original Pentium (P5) was developed by a team of engineers, including John H. Crawford, chief architect of the original 386,[125] and Donald Alpert, who managed the architectural team. Dror Avnon managed the design of the FPU.[126] Dham was general manager of the P5 group.[127] Some media sources have called him the "father of the Pentium".
Personal computer	Chuck Peddle[128]	Developed the 6502 microprocessor, the KIM-1 and the Commodore PET
	Henry Edward "Ed" Roberts[129] André Truong Trong Thi[130]
Programmable logic controller	Dick Morley[citation needed]
Radio	Alexander Stepanovich Popov [131] Lee De Forest[132][133][134] Guglielmo Marconi[135] Jagdish Chandra Bose[136] Nikola Tesla[137]	The research of these pioneers led to the development of the radio
Radio (Radio broadcasting)	Reginald Fessenden[citation needed] David Sarnoff[citation needed]	Fessenden is credited as the first to broadcast radio signals on Christmas Eve, 1906. Sarnoff proposed a chain of radio stations to Marconi's associates in 1915.
Radio (FM radio)	Edwin H. Armstrong[citation needed]	Obtained the first Federal Communications Commission (FCC) license to operate an FM station in Alpine, New Jersey at approximately 50 megahertz (1939)
Radiotelephony	Reginald Fessenden[138][139]
Search Engine	Alan Emtage[140][141][142]	Created Archie, a pre-Web search engine which pioneered many of the techniques used by subsequent search engines
SGML	Charles Goldfarb[143]
Telephone	Antonio Meucci[144] Alexander Graham Bell[145]	See Invention of the telephone
Television	Philo T. Farnsworth[146] Vladimir Zworykin[147][148] John Logie Baird[149][150]	Co-Inventors of the Electronic Television. Farnsworth invented the Image dissector while Zworykin created the Iconoscope, both fully electronic forms of television. Logie Baird invented the world's first working television system, also the first electronic color television system.
Tokamak	Lev Artsimovich
Tube structure	Fazlur Khan[151]	Invented the tube structural system and first employed it in his designs for the DeWitt-Chestnut Apartments, John Hancock Center and Sears Tower.
World Wide Web	Tim Berners-Lee[152]
Visual Basic	Alan Cooper[153]
XML	Jon Bosak[154]

Towns, cities and regions

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
British Columbia	James Douglas[155]	Fur trader and manager for the North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company, Governor of the Colony of Vancouver Island and first Governor of the Colony of British Columbia.
Lan Kwai Fong	Allan Zeman[156]	Noted for turning a small square of streets in Central, into a thriving bar and night life districts in Hong Kong.

Transport

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
20th century American car industry	Henry Ford[157]	Noted for introducing a simple and affordable car for the ordinary American masses.
American Interstate Highway System	Dwight D. Eisenhower[158]
High-performance VW industry	Gene Berg[159]
Hot rod	Ed Winfield[160]
Import Car Culture	RJ DeVera[161]	Influential for popularising the import car scene in the mid-1990s.
Kustom Kulture	Von Dutch[162]
Monster truck	Bob Chandler[163]	Famed for building Bigfoot, which was the first to be capable of driving over cars and subsequently became one of the most famous monster truck in history
Mountain bike	Gary Fisher[164]
Rotary engine	Felix Wankel[165][166]
Route 66	Cyrus Avery[167]
Tailfin	Harley Earl[168][169][170]
Traffic safety	William Phelps Eno[171]
Yellow school bus	Frank W. Cyr[172]

See also

• List of inventors
• Father of medicare
• Founders of statistics

References

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39. ^ "Matty" at Harvard; The New York Times, February 16, 1909, p. 7: "Charles H. Ebbets, Chairman of the Chadwick Monument Committee, has announced that the contract has been awarded for a suitable monument to be placed on the plot in Greenwood[sic] Cemetery where the remains of the late Henry Chadwick, 'the Father of Baseball,' repose."
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81. ^ Goldstein, Richard (March 5, 2011). "Frank Chirkinian, the Father of Televised Golf, Dies at 84". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/sports/golf/06chirkinian.html. Retrieved July 15, 2011. "Frank is universally regarded as the father of golf television,” Jim Nantz, CBS’s longtime lead golf announcer, told the PGA Tour Web site this year. “He invented it. He took a sport that no one knew how to televise and made it interesting. He brought the Masters tournament to life." 
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91. ^ Lee, J.A.N. (1995). International Biographical Dictionary of Computer Pioneers. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 1-884964-47-8. 
92. ^ Belzer, Belzer (1977). Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology: Volume 7 - Curve Fitting to Early Development.... Marcel Dekker. ISBN 0-262-73009-X. , p. 55: "It is probably not an accident that the 'father of cybernetics,' Norbert Wiener, ..."
93. ^ Wiener, Norbert (1965) [1948]. Cybernetics, Second Edition: or the Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine. MIT Press. ISBN 0-8247-2257-4.  (Wiener is credited with coining the term in its common modern usage)
94. ^ Barger, M. Susan; William B. White (2000). The Daguerreotype: Nineteenth-Century Technology and Modern Science. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-6458-5.  p. 20, "Louis Jacques Monde Daguerre: The second father of photography is Daguerre..."
95. ^ Barger, M. Susan; William B. White (2000). The Daguerreotype: Nineteenth-Century Technology and Modern Science. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-6458-5.  p. 17, "The first father of photography was Nicéphore Niépce...."
96. ^ Ellis, Roger (2001). Who's Who in Victorian Britain. Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-1640-6. , p. 116: cites book title: "A. H. Booth: William Henry Fox Talbot: father of photography, 1965".
97. ^ Booth, Martin (1999). Opium: A History. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-20667-4.  p. 30 "Robert Hall, the divine, was addicted [to opium], as was Thomas Wedgwood, the father of photography."
98. ^ The Father of Cool - Willis Haviland Carrier and Air Conditioning
99. ^ http://www.thetimetv.com/news-brawn-announces-new-team-partnership-with-graham-london-859-133
100. ^ Untitled Document
101. ^ Konrad Zuse's versus John von Neumann's Computer Concepts
102. ^ "Alan Turing - Time 100 People of the Century". Time. http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/turing.html. Retrieved 2009-06-13. "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine" 
103. ^ 'Father of the computer' honoured - BBC News, Monday, 7 June 2004
104. ^ The Modern History of Computing - Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
105. ^ Bruner, Jeffrey. "Atanasoff, father of the computer, dies at 91". Rebuilding the ABC. Ames Laboratory. http://www.scl.ameslab.gov/ABC/Articles/Register6-95.html. Retrieved 2006-07-28. 
106. ^ Ada Lovelace
107. ^ Igor Sikorsky is considered to be the "father" of helicopters not because he invented the first. He is called that because he invented the first successful helicopter, upon which further designs were based, an article from inventors.About.com by Mary Bellis
108. ^ Making Televised Emergency Information Accessible from the Gallaudet University website
109. ^ Although it's a title he objects to (see Interview with Vinton Cerf, from a January 2006 article in Government Computer News), Cerf is willing to call himself one of the Internet's fathers, citing Bob Kahn in particularly as being someone with whom he should share that title.
110. ^ Kahn do, No (2007). " Father of internet warns against Net Neutrality", The Register, Thursday 18 January
111. ^ Louis Pouzin
112. ^ "Fascinating facts about the invention of the Internet by Vinton Cerf in 1973". The Great Idea Finder. http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/internet.htm. 
113. ^ http://www.wakin-web.com/Wakin/NewsVault/InstantNoodles.html
114. ^ "Kenjiro Takayanagi: The Father of Japanese Television". NHK Science & Technical Research Laboratories. http://www.nhk.or.jp/strl/aboutstrl/evolution-of-tv-en/p05/. Retrieved 2006-12-09. 
115. ^ "Kenjiro Takayanagi, Electrical Engineer, 91 (obituary)". New York Times. 1990-07-25. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE6D61231F936A15754C0A966958260. Retrieved 2006-12-09. 
116. ^ "Sculpture to jet engine inventor". BBC News. 2005-10-20. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/coventry_warwickshire/4362374.stm. Retrieved 2010-05-08. 
117. ^ Aircraft Engine
118. ^ http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-234142.html
119. ^ . http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/clocks-n-watches/watch/watches/harrison/index.htm. 
120. ^ http://www.rpi.edu/about/hof/hoff.html
121. ^ "Kosaku Inagaki’s Home Page". Kyoto University. http://inagaki.ist.i.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Retrieved 2010-04-01. 
122. ^ "Meet the man who invented the mobile phone". BBC News. 2010-04-23. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/8639590.stm. Retrieved 2010-05-08. 
123. ^ The Technology Trailblazer: Vinod Dham. University of Cincinnati.
124. ^ Priya Ganapati at Techfest 99, IIT Bombay. Rediff.com.
125. ^ p. 54, "Intel Turns 35: Now What?", David L. Margulius, InfoWorld, July 21, 2003, ISSN 0199-6649.
126. ^ p. 21, "Architecture of the Pentium microprocessor", D. Alpert and D. Avnon, IEEE Micro, 13, #3 (June 1993), pp. 11–21, doi:10.1109/40.216745.
127. ^ p. 90, "Inside Intel", Business Week, #3268, June 1, 1992.
128. ^ Commodore History: Chuck Peddle
129. ^ "Microsoft founders lead tributes to 'father of the PC'". BBC News. April 2, 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8600493.stm. Retrieved April 2, 2010. 
130. ^ A Talk with the Father of Computing, Wired Magazine
131. ^ The "The First Electronic Church of America" website poses the question: "Russia's Popov: Did he 'invent' radio?" According to this account, Alexander Popov is the "radio man." Among other things, it notes that Popov reported sending and receiving a wireless signal across a 600 yards distance in 1895. Two years later, it says, he set up a shore station at Kronstadt and equipped the Russian navy cruiser Africa with his wireless communications apparatus to provide ship-to-shore communication., an article by Stan Horzepa wondering who is the father of the radio
132. ^ De Forest, Lee (1950). Father of Radio: The Autobiography of Lee de Forest. Chicago: Wilcox & Follett.  (This book sold fewer than a thousand copies and is accordingly rare and expensive today).
133. ^ Dennis, Everette E..; Edward Pease (1994). Radio—The Forgotten Medium. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 1-56593-873-9. , p. 198: "the egotistical Lee De Forest who discovered, however unwittingly, the audion tube that allowed him to proclaim himself 'the father of radio'"
134. ^ Shurkin, Joseph (1996). Engines of the Mind: The Evolution of the Computer from the Mainframes to Microprocessors. W. W. Norton and Company. ISBN 0-393-31471-5. , p. 132: "De Forest, who was not a modest man, called himself the 'Father of Radio,' an epithet whose accuracy is debatable."
135. ^ Guglielmo Marconi - the "father of radio"
136. ^ A. K. Sen (1997). "Sir J.C. Bose and radio science", Microwave Symposium Digest 2 (8-13), pp. 557-560.
137. ^ Ask the average person "Who invented radio?" and the average answer will be "Marconi." Ask the same question on the Internet, and the average answer will not likely be "Marconi." Instead, try one of the following on for size: Nikola Tesla, Alexander Popov, Oliver Lodge, Reginald Fessenden, Heinrich Hertz, Mahlon Loomis, Nathan Stubblefield, James Clerk Maxwell and even Thomas Edison, among others, an article by Stan Horzepa wondering who is the father of the radio
138. ^ McLuhan, Marshall; Barrington Nevitt (1972). Take Today; the Executive as Dropout. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-187830-7.  "Fessenden, the Forgotten Father of 'Wireless' Telephony" (section heading)[2]
139. ^ Zuill, William S. (2001): The Forgotten Father of Radio", American Heritage of Science and Technology, 17(1)40–47, as cited in Silverman, Steve (2003). Lindbergh's Artificial Heart: More Fascinating True Stories From Einstein's Refrigerator. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 0-7407-3340-0.  p. 160
140. ^ [3] from the Eweek website
141. ^ [4] History of the Internet
142. ^ [5] History of the Search Engine - What Came Before Google?
143. ^ XML for Newcomers and Managers - Part I
144. ^ Meucci was recognised as the first inventor of the telephone by the United States House of Representatives, in its resolution 269 dated 11 June 2002 ("if Meucci had been able to pay the $10 fee to maintain the caveat after 1874, no patent could have been issued to Bell").
145. ^ Van Meggelen, Jim; Jared Smith, Leif Madsen (2005). Asterisk: The Future of Telephony. O'Reilly. ISBN 0-596-00962-3. , p.190: "Although Alexander Graham Bell is most famously remembered as the father of the telephone, the reality is that during the latter half of the 1800s dozens of minds were at work on the project of carrying voice over telegraph lines."
146. ^ http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/F/htmlF/farnsworthp/farnsworthp.htm
     . Society of Television Engineers. URL accessed January 20, 2008. "Isn't it about time that Philo Farnsworth gets some credit???
147. ^ "Zworykin at IEEE Global History Network". http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Vladimir_Zworykin. Retrieved 2008-03-03. ""the oft-called Father of Television Vladimir Zworykin"" 
148. ^ "Zworykin at Museum.TV". http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/Z/htmlZ/zworykinvla/zworykinvla.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-03. ""inventor Vladimir Zworykin is often described as "the father of television". "" 
149. ^ "John Logie Baird: TV Inventor". http://www.sydenham.org.uk/john_logie_baird.html. Retrieved 2009-07-26. "John Logie Baird invented Television in 1926. His initial TV system was electro-mechanical. He (later) embraced electronic TV and developed the world's first color television system." 
150. ^ "The World's First High Definition Color Television System". http://www.bairdtelevision.com/colour.html. Retrieved 2009-07-26. 
151. ^ Weingardt, Richard (2005). Engineering Legends. ASCE Publications. p. 75. ISBN 0784408017. 
152. ^ Three loud cheers for the father of the web, 28 January 2005, Telegraph.co.uk
153. ^ Cooper, Alan, Why I am called "the Father of Visual Basic" "Mitchell Waite called me the "father of Visual Basic" in the foreword to what I believe was the first book ever published for VB, called the Visual Basic How-To (now in its second edition, published by The Waite Group Press). I thought the appellation was an appropriate one, and frequently use the quoted phrase as my one-line biography."
154. ^ XML.com: "XML Father" leaves W3C for OASIS
155. ^ BC Archives: Sir James Douglas
156. ^ http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/Asia/Story/STIStory_429594.html
157. ^ http://trendsupdates.com/henry-ford-father-of-20th-century-american-industry/
158. ^ Federal Highway Administration [6]. URL accessed July 21, 2006.
159. ^ http://www.vwtrendsweb.com/features/0106vwt_people/index.html
160. ^ http://www.hemmings.com/mus/stories/2008/02/01/hmn_feature17.html
161. ^ http://www.versusmotorsport.com/about_us.php
162. ^ http://www.hotrod.com/eventcoverage/kustom_kulture_tribute/index.html
163. ^ http://mthof.angelfire.com/CLASS2008.html
164. ^ http://www.bvv.cz/i2000/Akce/b-slife.nsf/WWWAllPDocsID/BEXP-7L6PQ9?OpenDocument&LANG=GB&NAV=1&ID=0
165. ^ http://irishcar.com/wankelge.htm
166. ^ http://www.rotorhead.ca/articles/2002/12/22/felix-wankel-bio/
167. ^ Steil, Tim (2000). Route 66. MBI Publishing Company. p. 18. ISBN 0-7603-0747-4. "Avery, though dubbed the 'Father of Route 66' by some, was a political appointee who also left office the next year." 
168. ^ http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=X91l3wqJnikC&pg=PA179&lpg=PA179&dq=%22father+of+the+tail+fin%22&source=bl&ots=0R7qHrSvev&sig=NllowJaW5UQa_SJB7MZgZOoVbWA&hl=en&ei=xTYaTZ2WKIa4hAeOj_W3Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22father%20of%20the%20tail%20fin%22&f=false
169. ^ McCosh, Dan (2003-03-07). "DRIVING; Most Cars Are Born As Models of Clay". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/07/travel/driving-most-cars-are-born-as-models-of-clay.html?src=pm. 
170. ^ http://www.retrofuture.com/index.php/2009/01/24/harley-earls-dream-car-the-firebird-iii/
171. ^ Eno Transportation Foundation [7]. URL accessed August 23, 2006.
172. ^ Watson, Rollin J. (2002). The School As a Safe Haven. Bergen Garvey/Greenwood. p. 30. ISBN 0-89789-900-8. http://books.google.com/?id=uNbd6oIXm0MC&pg=PA30&lpg=PA30. "The modern school bus began in a conference in 1939 called by Frank W. Cyr, the 'Father of the Yellow School' bus, who was a professor at Teachers College, Columbia University. At that meeting, Cyr urged the standardization of the school bus. Participants came up with the standard yellow color and some basic construction standards. Cyr had... found that children were riding in all sorts of vehicles—one district, he found, was painting their buses red, white, and blue to instill patriotism."