Jackson County, Indiana

Jackson County, Indiana
Location in the state of Indiana
Indiana's location in the U.S.
Founded	Jan 1, 1816
Named for	Andrew Jackson
Seat	Brownstown
Area  - Total  - Land  - Water	513.91 sq mi (1,331 km²) 509.31 sq mi (1,319 km²) 4.60 sq mi (12 km²), 0.90%
Population  - (2010)  - Density	42,376 83/sq mi (32.12/km²)
Congressional district	9th
Time zone	Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Footnotes:   Indiana county number 36

Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, the population was 42,376.^[1] The county seat is Brownstown.^[2]

History

Jackson County was formed in 1816. It was named for Andrew Jackson, who defeated the British in 1815 at the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812,and then Signed the Indian Removal Act sending all Indians in Indiana west. He had become president at the time.

Jackson County was the site of the first recorded train robbery of a moving train in the United States. On October 6, 1866 the Reno Gang robbed an Ohio and Mississippi Railway train making off with over $10,000.They were nicknamed: "The Jackson Theives" later on.^[3]

Jackson County is home to the longest 3-span covered bridge in the world; The Medora Covered Bridge. However, due to decades of neglect the bridge is on the verge of collapse and has been closed to pedestrian traffic. Another long neglected covered bridge, the Bells Ford Bridge, which is believed the last remaining Post Truss bridge in the world, succumbed to similar neglect, collapsing into the White River on January 2, 2006.

Because the Bell's Ford Bridge used a metal truss it was able to be largely salvaged, however, the Commissioner President Gary Darlage has been quoted as saying: "There is nothing left of the Bell Ford Bridge and I will not spend another tax dollar on it. Ninety percent of the people in this county think it is asinine to even consider rebuilding that bridge. By asking for any amount of money to be used on it, you are asking me to do something I don’t believe is right." Although it has been brought to Darlage's attention that federal funds could be used to restore the Bell's Ford Bridge, Darlage has refused to request federal funds, saying, "I guess I’m just not a historic person. The average taxpayer sees it as their tax money, even if it is federal money."^{[citation needed]}

Geography

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 513.91 square miles (1,331.0 km²), of which 509.31 square miles (1,319.1 km²) (or 99.10%) is land and 4.60 square miles (11.9 km²) (or 0.90%) is water.^[4]

Cities and towns

• Brownstown
• Crothersville
• Medora
• Seymour
• Uniontown
• Vallonia

Townships

Brownstown Carr Driftwood Grassy Fork Hamilton Jackson

Owen Pershing Redding Salt Creek Vernon Washington

Adjacent counties

• Brown County (north-northwest)
• Bartholomew County (north-northeast)
• Jennings County (east)
• Scott County (southeast)
• Washington County (south)
• Lawrence County (west)
• Monroe County (northwest)

Major highways

Sources: National Atlas,^[5] U.S. Census Bureau^[6]

• Interstate 65
• U.S. Route 50
• U.S. Route 31
• Indiana State Road 135

National protected areas

• Hoosier National Forest (part)
• Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge (part)

Climate and weather

Brownstown, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     3.2   37 19     2.8   43 22     3.7   53 31     4.7   64 40     5   74 51     4.1   82 60     4.4   85 64     4.4   84 61     3   78 53     3.3   67 40     4.1   54 33     3.4   42 24 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[7]
Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     81   3 -7     72   6 -6     95   12 -1     120   18 4     127   23 11     105   28 16     112   29 18     111   29 16     77   26 12     83   19 4     103   12 1     87   6 -4 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in Brownstown have ranged from a low of 19 °F (−7 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −23 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in January 1977 and a record high of 106 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.84 inches (72 mm) in February to 5.01 inches (127 mm) in May.^[7]

Government

See also: Government of Indiana

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The county council is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected from county districts. The council members serve four year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.^[8][9]

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county is made of a board of commissioners. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered terms, and each serves a four-year term. One of the commissioners, typically the most senior, serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.^[8][9]

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that can handle some civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.^[9]

County Officials: The county has several other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk Each of these elected officers serves a term of four years and oversees a different part of county government. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.^[9]

Jackson County is part of Indiana's 9th congressional district and is represented in Congress by Republican Todd Young.^[10] It is also part of Indiana Senate districts 44 and 45^[11] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 65, 66 and 73.^[12]

Demographics

As of the census^[13] of 2000, there were 41,335 people, 16,052 households, and 11,573 families residing in the county. The population density was 81 people per square mile (31/km²). There were 17,137 housing units at an average density of 34 per square mile (13/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.13% White, 0.55% Black or African American, 0.24% Native American, 0.78% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 1.54% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. 2.69% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 33.7% were of American, 30.6% German, 8.1% English and 7.9% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 16,052 households out of which 33.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.10% were married couples living together, 9.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.90% were non-families. 23.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the county the population was spread out with 25.50% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 30.30% from 25 to 44, 22.10% from 45 to 64, and 13.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 97.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $39,401, and the median income for a family was $45,210. Males had a median income of $31,505 versus $22,301 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,400. About 6.50% of families and 8.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.70% of those under age 18 and 9.00% of those age 65 or over.

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1820	4,010		—
1830	4,870		21.4%
1840	8,961		84.0%
1850	11,047		23.3%
1860	16,286		47.4%
1870	18,974		16.5%
1880	23,050		21.5%
1890	24,139		4.7%
1900	26,633		10.3%
1910	24,727		−7.2%
1920	24,228		−2.0%
1930	23,731		−2.1%
1940	26,612		12.1%
1950	28,237		6.1%
1960	30,556		8.2%
1970	33,187		8.6%
1980	36,523		10.1%
1990	37,730		3.3%
2000	41,335		9.6%
2010	42,376		2.5%
Sources: United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Population Division[14] Census Quickfacts[1]

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Indiana

External links

• Jackson County Visitor Center

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Jackson County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/18/18071.html. Retrieved 2011-09-25. 
2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
3. ^ http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=VideoArticle&id=51742
4. ^ "Census 2010 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Counties". United States Census. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_counties_national.txt. Retrieved 2011-10-10. 
5. ^ National Atlas
6. ^ U.S. Census Bureau TIGER shape files
7. ^ ^{a b} "Monthly Averages for Brownstown, Indiana". The Weather Channel. http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIN0070. Retrieved 2011-01-27. 
8. ^ ^{a b} Indiana Code. "Title 36, Article 2, Section 3". IN.gov. http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title36/ar2/ch3.html. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
9. ^ ^{a b c d} Indiana Code. "Title 2, Article 10, Section 2". IN.gov. http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title3/ar10/ch2.pdf. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
10. ^ "Conressman Todd Young". House.Gov. http://toddyoung.house.gov/. Retrieved 2011-05-15. 
11. ^ "Indiana Senate Districts". State of Indiana. http://www.in.gov/sos/elections/3006.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-14. 
12. ^ "Indiana House Districts". State of Indiana. http://www.in.gov/sos/elections/3005.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-14. 
13. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
14. ^ Forstall, Richard L. (editor) (1996). Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 : from the twenty-one decennial censuses. United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Population Division. pp. 50–53. ISBN 0-934213-48-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=Z12v1lrkv2IC&lpg=PA50&pg=PA50#v=onepage&q&f=false. 

Coordinates: 38°55′N 86°02′W / 38.91°N 86.04°W / 38.91; -86.04