Pretectal area

Pretectal area
Brain: Pretectal area
Latin area pretectalis
NeuroNames hier-450

The pretectum, also known as the pretectal area, is a region of neurons found between the thalamus and midbrain. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex.[1]

Contents

Outputs

The pretectum, after receiving binocular input, outputs to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus in the midbrain,

  • to the Cilio-spinal nucleus (Budge), which is located in the VIII cervical and I, II thoracic vertebral segments,
  • and to the nucleus of the posterior commissure.

The Edinger-Westphal nucleus projects onto the ciliary ganglion, whose output controls pupillary constriction (miosis).

The Edinger-Westphal nucleus controls the Pupillary sphincter muscle (used in situations of bright light to reduce the exposure of the retina) and the Ciliary muscle (used for eye focusing and accommodation).

The Cilio-Spinal Nucleus projects onto the superior cervical ganglion, and controls the Pupillary dilator muscle (used in situations of near dark, to increase the exposure of the retina)

References

  1. ^ Purves, Dale, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, James O. McNamara, and Leonard E. White (2008). Neuroscience. 4th ed.. Sinauer Associates. pp. 290–2. ISBN 978-0-87893-697-7. 

See also

External links

v · d · eHuman brain: mesencephalon (midbrain) (TA A14.1.06, GA 9.800)
Tectum
(Dorsal)
Surface
Pretectal area
White: Sensory/ascending
White: Motor/descending
Peduncle
(Ventral)
White: Sensory/ascending
lemnisci (Medial, Lateral) · Ascending MLF (Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers) · Spinothalamic tract · Anterior trigeminothalamic tract · Dentatothalamic tract
White: Motor/descending
Grey: other
Base
White: Motor/descending
Surface

M: CNS

anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
v · d · eSensory system: Visual system and eye movement pathways
Visual perception
1° (Bipolar cell of Retina) → 2° (Ganglionic cell) → 3° (Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → LGN of Thalamus) → 4° (Optic radiation → Cuneus and Lingual gyrus of Visual cortex → Blobs → Globs)
Muscles of orbit
Tracking
Horizontal gaze
Vertical gaze
Pupillary reflex
Pupillary dilation
Circadian rhythm

M: EYE

anat(g/a/p)/phys/devp/prot

noco/cong/tumr, epon

proc, drug(S1A/1E/1F/1L)



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