- Outline of Ethiopia
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The location of Ethiopia
See also: Index of Ethiopia-related articlesThe Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is a landlocked sovereign country located in the Horn of Africa.[1] Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, South Sudan to the south-west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the north-east.
Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world[2] and Africa's second-most populous nation.[3] Ethiopia has yielded some of humanity's oldest traces,[4] making the area important in the history of human evolution. Recent studies claim that the vicinity of present-day Addis Ababa was the point from which human beings migrated around the world.[5][6][7] Ethiopian dynastic history traditionally began with the reign of Emperor Menelik I in 1000 BC.[8][9] The roots of the Ethiopian state are similarly deep, dating with unbroken continuity to at least the Aksumite Empire (which adopted the name "Ethiopia" in the 4th century) and its predecessor state, D`mt (with early 1st millennium BC roots).[10][11] After a period of decentralized power in the 18th and early 19th centuries known as the Zemene Mesafint ("Era of the Judges/Princes"), the country was reunited in 1855 by Kassa Hailu, who became Emperor Tewodros II, beginning Ethiopia's modern history.[12][13][14][15] Ethiopia's borders underwent significant territorial expansion to its modern borders for the rest of the century,[16][17][18] especially by Emperor Menelik II and Ras Gobena, culminating in its victory over the Italians at the Battle of Adwa in 1896 with the military leadership of Ras Makonnen, and ensuring its sovereignty and freedom from colonization.[17][18] It was brutally occupied by Benito Mussolini's Fascist Italy from 1936 to 1941,[19] ending with its liberation by British Empire and Ethiopian Patriot forces.
Having converted during the 4th century, it is also the second-oldest country to become officially Christian, after Armenia.[20] Since 1974, it has been secular and has also had a considerable Muslim community since the earliest days of Islam.[21] Historically a relatively isolated mountain country, Ethiopia by the mid 20th century became a crossroads of global international cooperation. It became a member of the League of Nations in 1923, signed the Declaration by United Nations in 1942, and was one of the fifty-one original members of the United Nations (UN). The headquarters of United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) is in Addis Ababa, as is the headquarters of the African Union (formerly the Organisation of African Unity), of which Ethiopia was the principal founder. There are about forty-five Ethiopian embassies and consulates around the world.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Ethiopia:
General reference
An enlargeable relief map of Ethiopia- Pronunciation: /iːθiˈoʊpiə/
- Common English country name: Ethiopia
- Official English country name: The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
- Common endonym(s):
- Official endonym(s):
- Adjectival(s): Ethiopian
- Demonym(s):
- Etymology: Name of Ethiopia
- International rankings of Ethiopia
- ISO country codes: ET, ETH, 231
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:ET
- Internet country code top-level domain: .et
Geography of Ethiopia
An enlargeable topographic map of EthiopiaMain article: Geography of Ethiopia- Ethiopia is: a landlocked country
- Location:
- Eastern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere
- Africa
- Time zone: East Africa Time (UTC+03)
- Extreme points of Ethiopia
- High: Ras Dejen 4,550 m (14,928 ft)
- Low: Denakil Depression −125 m (−410 ft)
- Land boundaries: 5,328 km
-
- Coastline: none
- Population of Ethiopia: 79,221,000 (July 2008) - 15th most populous country
- Area of Ethiopia: 1,104,300 km2
- Atlas of Ethiopia
Environment of Ethiopia
An enlargeable satellite image of EthiopiaMain article: Environment of Ethiopia- Climate of Ethiopia
- Environmental issues in Ethiopia
- Ecoregions in Ethiopia
- Renewable energy in Ethiopia
- Geology of Ethiopia
- Protected areas of Ethiopia
- Biosphere reserves in Ethiopia
- National parks of Ethiopia
- Wildlife of Ethiopia
- Flora of Ethiopia
- Fauna of Ethiopia
- Birds of Ethiopia
- Mammals of Ethiopia
Natural geographic features of Ethiopia
Main article: Landforms of Ethiopia- Glaciers in Ethiopia: none [22]
- Islands of Ethiopia
- Lakes of Ethiopia
- Mountains of Ethiopia
- Rivers of Ethiopia
- Waterfalls of Ethiopia
- Valleys of Ethiopia
- World Heritage Sites in Ethiopia
Regions of Ethiopia
- Main article: Regions of Ethiopia
Ecoregions of Ethiopia
- Main article: Ecoregions in Ethiopia
Administrative divisions of Ethiopia
- Main article: Administrative divisions of Ethiopia
Regions of Ethiopia
Main article: Regions of EthiopiaZones of Ethiopia
Main article: Zones of EthiopiaMunicipalities of Ethiopia
- Capital of Ethiopia: Addis Ababa
- Cities of Ethiopia
Demography of Ethiopia
- Main article: Demographics of Ethiopia
Government and politics of Ethiopia
- Main article: Government of Ethiopia and Politics of Ethiopia
- Form of government: federal parliamentary republic
- Capital of Ethiopia: Addis Ababa
- Elections in Ethiopia
- (specific elections)
- Political parties in Ethiopia
- Political scandals of Ethiopia
- Taxation in Ethiopia
Branches of the government of Ethiopia
Main article: Government of EthiopiaExecutive branch of the government of Ethiopia
- Head of state: President of Ethiopia, Girma Wolde-Giorgis
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Ethiopia, Meles Zenawi
- Cabinet of Ethiopia
Legislative branch of the government of Ethiopia
- Parliament of Ethiopia (bicameral)
- Upper house: House of Federation
- Lower house: House of People's Representatives
Judicial branch of the government of Ethiopia
Main article: Court system of Ethiopia- Supreme Court of Ethiopia
Foreign relations of Ethiopia
Main article: Foreign relations of EthiopiaInternational organization membership
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is a member of:[1]
Law and order in Ethiopia
- Main article: Law of Ethiopia
- Capital punishment in Ethiopia
- Constitution of Ethiopia
- Crime in Ethiopia
- Human rights in Ethiopia
- LGBT rights in Ethiopia
- Freedom of religion in Ethiopia
- Law enforcement in Ethiopia
Military of Ethiopia
- Main article: Military of Ethiopia
- Command
- Forces
- Army of Ethiopia
- Navy of Ethiopia
- Air Force of Ethiopia
- Special forces of Ethiopia
- Military history of Ethiopia
- Military ranks of Ethiopia
Local government in Ethiopia
Main article: Local government in EthiopiaHistory of Ethiopia
- Main article: History of Ethiopia, Timeline of the history of Ethiopia, and Current events of Ethiopia
- Economic history of Ethiopia
- Military history of Ethiopia
Culture of Ethiopia
- Main article: Culture of Ethiopia
- Architecture of Ethiopia
- Cuisine of Ethiopia
- Festivals in Ethiopia
- Humor in Ethiopia
- Languages of Ethiopia
- Media in Ethiopia
- National symbols of Ethiopia
- Coat of arms of Ethiopia
- Flag of Ethiopia
- National anthem of Ethiopia
- People of Ethiopia
- Prostitution in Ethiopia
- Public holidays in Ethiopia
- Records of Ethiopia
- Religion in Ethiopia
- Buddhism in Ethiopia
- Christianity in Ethiopia
- Hinduism in Ethiopia
- Islam in Ethiopia
- Judaism in Ethiopia
- Sikhism in Ethiopia
- World Heritage Sites in Ethiopia
Art in Ethiopia
- Art in Ethiopia
- Cinema of Ethiopia
- Literature of Ethiopia
- Music of Ethiopia
- Television in Ethiopia
- Theatre in Ethiopia
Sports in Ethiopia
- Main article: Sports in Ethiopia
- Football in Ethiopia
- Ethiopia at the Olympics
Economy and infrastructure of Ethiopia
- Main article: Economy of Ethiopia
- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 98th (ninety-eighth)
- Agriculture in Ethiopia
- Banking in Ethiopia
- Communications in Ethiopia
- Internet in Ethiopia
- Land reform in Ethiopia
- Companies of Ethiopia
- Currency of Ethiopia: Birr
- Economic history of Ethiopia
- Energy in Ethiopia
- Energy policy of Ethiopia
- Oil industry in Ethiopia
- Health care in Ethiopia
- Mining in Ethiopia
- Ethiopia Stock Exchange
- Tourism in Ethiopia
- Trade unions in Ethiopia
- Transport in Ethiopia
- Airports in Ethiopia
- Rail transport in Ethiopia
- Roads in Ethiopia
- Water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia
Education in Ethiopia
- Main article: Education in Ethiopia
Health in Ethiopia
Main article: Health in EthiopiaSee also
Main article: Ethiopia- All pages beginning with "Ethiopia"
- All pages with titles containing "Ethiopia"
- All pages beginning with "Ethiopian"
- All pages with titles containing "Ethiopian"
- Index of Ethiopia-related articles
- List of Ethiopia-related topics
- List of international rankings
- Member state of the United Nations
- Outline of Africa
- Outline of geography
References
- ^ a b "Ethiopia". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. october 23 1998, 2009. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/et.html. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
- ^ "Ethiopia". Encyclopedia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9108373/Ethiopia. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
- ^ Ethiopia, Africa's second most populous country
- ^ "Ethiopia is top choice for cradle of Homo sapiens". Nature. 16 February 2005. http://www.nature.com/news/2005/050214/full/050214-10.html. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
- ^ Li, J. Z.; Absher, DM; Tang, H; Southwick, AM; Casto, AM; Ramachandran, S; Cann, HM; Barsh, GS et al. (February 2008). "Worldwide Human Relationships Inferred from Genome-Wide Patterns of Variation". Science 319 (5866): 1100–1104. Bibcode 2008Sci...319.1100L. doi:10.1126/science.1153717. PMID 18292342. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/319/5866/1100.
- ^ Humans Moved From Africa Across Globe, DNA Study Says
- ^ Around the world from Addis Ababa
- ^ Speaking after his signing the disputed treaty between Ethiopia and Italy in 1889, Emperor Menelik II made clear his position: "We cannot permit our integrity as a Christian and civilised nation to be questioned, nor the right to govern our empire in absolute independence. The Emperor of Ethiopia is a descendant of a dynasty that is 3,000 years old — a dynasty that during all that time has never submitted to an outsider. Ethiopia has never been conquered and she never shall be..." Ethiopia Unbound: Studies In Race Emancipation - p. xxv by Joseph Ephraim Casely Hayford
- ^ Ethiopia at Bay: A Personal Account of the Haile Selassie Years - p. 319 by John Spencer
- ^ Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press, 1991, pp.57.
- ^ Paul B. Henze, Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia, 2005.
- ^ Christopher S. Clapham, Haile-Selassie's Government, 1969, p.12.
- ^ Teshale Tibebu The Making of Modern Ethiopia: 1896-1974, p. xii.
- ^ S. Rubenson, "Modern Ethiopia" in Joseph C. Anene, Godfrey N. Brown, eds. Africa in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: A Handbook for Teachers, p. 216.
- ^ Mordechai Abir, Ethiopia: The ERA of the Princes: The Challenge of Islam and Re-unification, p. 183, "The coronation of Teodros is considered by most historians of Ethiopia to be the end of the era of the princes and the beginning of modern Ethiopia."
- ^ Marcus, A History of Ethiopia ISBN: 0520224795 (page no?)
- ^ a b B. Holcomb & S. Ibssa, The Invention of Ethiopia (Trenton, 1990) (page no?)
- ^ a b Jalata, Oromia and Ethiopia: State Formation and Ethnonational Conflict ISBN: 1569022461 (page no?)
- ^ It was decided at the official Paris Conference, that, for Ethiopia, WWII began on 3 October 1935. Other dates aside from 1 September 1939 are used for other countries such as China and Japan, as well. Richard Pankhurst, "Italian Fascist War Crimes in Ethiopia: A History of Their Discussion, from the League of Nations to the United Nations (1936-1949)" in Northeast African Studies 6.1-2 (1999). p. 116.
- ^ Online NewsHour: Famine Risk - July 3, 2003
- ^ Goldmann, Kjell (2000). Nationalism and Internationalism in the Post-Cold War Era. Routledge. ISBN 0415238900.
- ^ The only glaciers in Africa are on Mt Kenya (in Kenya), on Kilimanjaro (in Tanzania), and in the Ruwenzori Mountains (which are located in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo). See Proceedings of the Riederalp Workshop, September 1978; Actes de l'Atelier de Riederalp, septembre 1978): IAHS-AISH Publ. no. 126, 1980.
External links
- Overview
- Rural poverty in Ethiopia (IFAD)
- Fighting Hunger and poverty in Ethiopia, Geopolicity Inc. (Peter Middlebrook)
- Education
- Addis Ababa University
- Arba Minch University
- Bahir Dar University
- Debub University
- Gondar University
- Haramaya University
- Jimma University
- Mekelle University
- Health
- List of Hospitals in Ethiopia
- Directory
- Tourism
- Outline of Ethiopia travel guide from Wikitravel
- Ethiopian Airlines
- Ethiopian Hotels Guide
- Ethiopian Tourism Commission
- Ethiopian Tourism information
- Photos
- Government
- Official Ethiopian News online
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ethiopia
- Walta Information Center
- Aiga Forum
- Independent Ethiopian Web sites
- Ethiopian Community Association of Chicago
- EthioTube - Broadcast Ethiopia
- Addis Fortune
- yebbo travel
- Jimma Times
- Capital Ethiopia
- nazret.com
- CyberEthiopia
- Ethioindex
- Ethiopian Discussion Forum
- Made in Ethiopia
- Ethio2k
- Ethiofact
- EthioStartPage
- Ethiotrans
- Ethiopian Millennium
- Ethiopian Cult Information Center(ECIC)
- addisalem.com
- ethiospaces.com
Outlines General reference · Culture and the arts · Geography and places · Health and fitness · History and events · Mathematics and logic · Natural and physical sciences · People and self · Philosophy and thinking · Religion and belief systems · Society and social sciences · Technology and applied sciencesCategories:- Outlines of countries
- Ethiopia-related lists
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