Wildlife of Ethiopia

The Wildlife of Ethiopia includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats.Ethiopia has 279 species of mammals and 924 species of birds.

Fauna

Mammals

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Macroscelidea (elephant-shrews)

----

Often called sengisi, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews.

**Family: Macroscelididae (elephant-shrews)
***Genus: Elephantulus
**** Rufous Sengi "Elephantulus rufescens" LC

Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)

----The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the Aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.

**Family: Orycteropodidae
***Genus: Orycteropus
**** Aardvark "Orycteropus afer" LC

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

----The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

**Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
***Genus: Heterohyrax
**** Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax "Heterohyrax brucei" LC
***Genus: Procavia
**** Cape Hyrax "Procavia capensis" LC

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

----The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

**Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
***Genus: Loxodonta
**** African Bush Elephant "Loxodonta africana" VU

Order: Primates

----The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

*Suborder: Strepsirrhini
**Infraorder: Lorisiformes
***Family: Galagidae
****Genus: Galago
***** Somali Galago "Galago gallarum" LR/nt
***** Senegal Bushbaby "Galago senegalensis" LR/lc
*Suborder: Haplorrhini
**Infraorder: Simiiformes
***Parvorder: Catarrhini
****Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
*****Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
******Genus: Erythrocebus
******* Patas Monkey "Erythrocebus patas" LR/lc
******Genus: Cercopithecus
******* Chlorocebus "Cercopithecus aethiops" LR/lc
******* Blue Monkey "Cercopithecus mitis" LR/lc
******* De Brazza's Monkey "Cercopithecus neglectus" LR/lc
******Genus: Papio
******* Olive Baboon "Papio anubis" LR/lc
******* Yellow Baboon "Papio cynocephalus" LR/lc
******* Hamadryas Baboon "Papio hamadryas" LR/nt
******Genus: Theropithecus
******* Gelada "Theropithecus gelada" LR/nt
******Subfamily: Colobinae
*******Genus: Colobus
******** Mantled Guereza "Colobus guereza" LR/lc

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
**Family: Bathyergidae
***Genus: Heterocephalus
**** Naked Mole Rat "Heterocephalus glaber" LC
**Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
***Genus: Hystrix
**** Crested Porcupine "Hystrix cristata" LC
**Family: Thryonomyidae (cane rats)
***Genus: Thryonomys
**** Lesser Cane Rat "Thryonomys gregorianus" LC
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
***Subfamily: Xerinae
****Tribe: Xerini
*****Genus: Xerus
****** Striped ground squirrel "Xerus erythropus" LC
****** Unstriped Ground Squirrel "Xerus rutilus" LC
****Tribe: Protoxerini
*****Genus: Heliosciurus
****** Gambian Sun Squirrel "Heliosciurus gambianus" LC
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Graphiurinae
****Genus: Graphiurus
***** Small-eared Dormouse "Graphiurus microtis" LC
**Family: Spalacidae
***Subfamily: Tachyoryctinae
****Genus: Tachyoryctes
***** Big-headed Mole Rat "Tachyoryctes macrocephalus" VU
***** East African Mole Rat "Tachyoryctes splendens" LC
**Family: Nesomyidae
***Subfamily: Dendromurinae
****Genus: Dendromus
***** Lovat's Climbing Mouse "Dendromus lovati" VU
***** Gray Glimbing Mouse "Dendromus melanotis" LC
***** Chestnut Climbing Mouse "Dendromus mystacalis" LC
****Genus: Megadendromus
***** Nikolaus's Mouse "Megadendromus nikolausi" DD
****Genus: Steatomys
***** Tiny Fat Mouse "Steatomys parvus" LC
***Subfamily: Cricetomyinae
****Genus: Saccostomus
***** Mearns's Pouched Mouse "Saccostomus mearnsi" LC
**Family: Cricetidae
***Subfamily: Lophiomyinae
****Genus: Lophiomys
***** Maned Rat "Lophiomys imhausi" LC
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Deomyinae
****Genus: Acomys
***** Cairo Spiny Mouse "Acomys cahirinus" LC
***** Gray Spiny Mouse "Acomys cineraceus" LC
***** Louise's Spiny Mouse "Acomys louisae" LC
***** Mullah Spiny Mouse "Acomys mullah" LC
***** Wilson's Spiny Mouse "Acomys wilsoni" LC
****Genus: Lophuromys
***** Short-tailed Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys brevicaudus" NT
***** Ethiopian Forest Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys chrysopus" NT
***** Yellow-spotted Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys flavopunctatus" LC
***** Black-clawed Brush-furred Rat "Lophuromys melanonyx" VU
****Genus: Uranomys
***** Rudd's Mouse "Uranomys ruddi" LC
***Subfamily: Otomyinae
****Genus: Otomys
***** Typical Vlei Rat "Otomys typus" LC
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: Ammodillus
***** Ammodile "Ammodillus imbellis" DD
****Genus: Gerbillus
***** Somalia Gerbil "Gerbillus dunni" DD
***** "Gerbillus pulvinatus" LC
***** "Gerbillus ruberrimus" LC
****Genus: Tatera
***** Kemp's Gerbil "Tatera kempi" LC
***** Black-tailed Gerbil "Tatera nigricauda" LC
***** Phillip's Gerbil "Tatera phillipsi" LC
***** Fring-tailed Gerbil "Tatera robusta" LC
***** Savanna Gerbil "Tatera valida" LC
****Genus: Taterillus
***** Emin's Tateril "Taterillus emini" LC
***** Harrington's Tateril "Taterillus harringtoni" LC
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: Aethomys
***** Hinde's Rock Rat "Aethomys hindei" LC
****Genus: Arvicanthis
***** Abyssinian Grass Rat "Arvicanthis abyssinicus" LC
***** Blick's Grass Rat "Arvicanthis blicki" NT
***** Nairobi Grass Rat "Arvicanthis nairobae" LC
***** African Grass Rat "Arvicanthis niloticus" LC
***** Somali Grass Rat "Arvicanthis somalicus" DD
****Genus: Colomys
***** African Water Rat "Colomys goslingi" LC
****Genus: Dasymys
***** Common Dasymys "Dasymys incomtus" LC
****Genus: Desmomys
***** Harrington's Rat "Desmomys harringtoni" LC
***** Yalden's Desmomys "Desmomys yaldeni" EN
****Genus: Grammomys
***** Macmillan's Thicket Rat "Grammomys macmillani" LC
***** Ethiopian Thicket Rat "Grammomys minnae" VU
****Genus: Lemniscomys
***** Buffoon Lemniscomys "Lemniscomys macculus" LC
***** Typical Striped Grass Mouse "Lemniscomys striatus" LC
***** Heuglin's Lemniscomys "Lemniscomys zebra" LC
****Genus: Mastomys
***** Awash Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys awashensis" VU
***** Guinea Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys erythroleucus" LC
***** Natal Multimammate Mouse "Mastomys natalensis" LC
****Genus: Muriculus
***** Striped-back Mouse "Muriculus imberbis" EN
****Genus: Mus
***** Mahomet Mouse "Mus mahomet" LC
***** Peter's Mouse "Mus setulosus" LC
***** Delicate Mouse "Mus tenellus" LC
****Genus: Mylomys
***** Ethiopian Mylomys "Mylomys rex" DD
****Genus: Myomyscus
***** Brockman's Myomyscus "Myomyscus brockmani" LC
****Genus: Nilopegamys
***** Ethiopian Water Mouse "Nilopegamys plumbeus" CR
****Genus: Oenomys
***** Rufous-nosed Rats "Oenomys hypoxanthus" LC
****Genus: Stenocephalemys
***** White-footed Stenocephalemys "Stenocephalemys albipes" LC
***** Ethiopian Narrow-headed Rat "Stenocephalemys albocaudata" NT
***** Gray-tailed Narrow-headed Rat "Stenocephalemys griseicauda" NT
***** Rupp's Stenocephalemys "Stenocephalemys ruppi" DD
****Genus: Thallomys
***** Acacia rat "Thallomys paedulcus" LC
**Family: Ctenodactylidae
***Genus: Pectinator
**** Speke's Pectinator "Pectinator spekei" DD

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: Lepus
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc
*** Ethiopian Hare "Lepus fagani" DD
*** Abyssinian Hare "Lepus habessinicus" LR/lc
*** African Savanna Hare "Lepus microtis" LR/lc
*** Ethiopian Highland Hare "Lepus starcki" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: Atelerix
**** Four-toed Hedgehog "Atelerix albiventris" LR/lc
***Genus: Hemiechinus
**** Desert Hedgehog "Hemiechinus aethiopicus" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: Crocidura
**** Bailey's Shrew "Crocidura baileyi" NT
**** Bottego's Shrew "Crocidura bottegi" DD
**** Bale Shrew "Crocidura bottegoides" EN
**** African Foggy Shrew "Crocidura caliginea" LC
**** Savanna Shrew "Crocidura fulvastra" LC
**** Tiny Musk Shrew "Crocidura fuscomurina" LC
**** Glass's Shrew "Crocidura glassi" VU
**** Harenna Shrew "Crocidura harenna" CR
**** Hildegarde's Shrew "Crocidura hildegardeae" LC
**** Morrland Shrew "Crocidura lucina" VU
**** Mauritanian Shrew "Crocidura lusitania" LC
**** Macmillan's Shrew "Crocidura macmillani" VU
**** Dwarf White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura nana" DD
**** Tenebrous Shrew "Crocidura nigrofusca" LC
**** Stony Shrew "Crocidura niobe" LC
**** Olivier's Shrew "Crocidura olivieri" LC
**** Small-footed Shrew "Crocidura parvipes" LC
**** Pasha Shrew "Crocidura pasha" LC
**** Guramba Shrew "Crocidura phaeura" VU
**** Flat-headed Shrew "Crocidura planiceps" DD
**** Desert Musk Shrew "Crocidura smithii" LC
**** Somali Shrew "Crocidura somalica" LC
**** Thalia Shrew "Crocidura thalia" LC
**** Savanna Path Shrew "Crocidura viaria" LC
**** Voi Shrew "Crocidura voi" LC
**** Yankari Shrew "Crocidura yankariensis" LC
**** Zaphir's Shrew "Crocidura zaphiri" DD
***Genus: Suncus
**** Etruscan Shrew "Suncus etruscus" LC
***Genus: Sylvisorex
**** Climbing Shrew "Sylvisorex megalura" LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
**Subfamily: Pteropodinae
***Genus: Eidolon
**** Straw-coloured Fruit Bat "Eidolon helvum" LC
***Genus: Epomophorus
**** Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus gambianus" LC
**** Ethiopian Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus labiatus" LC
**** East African Epauletted Fruit Bat "Epomophorus minimus" LC
***Genus: Hypsignathus
**** Hammer-headed bat "Hypsignathus monstrosus" LC
***Genus: Lissonycteris
**** Petra Fruit Bat "Lissonycteris petraea" VU
***Genus: Micropteropus
**** Peter's Dwarf Epauletted Fruit Bat "Micropteropus pusillus" LC
***Genus: Rousettus
**** Egyptian fruit bat "Rousettus aegyptiacus" LC
**** Long-haired Rousette "Rousettus lanosus" LC
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Kerivoulinae
***Genus: Kerivoula
**** Ethiopian Woolly Bat "Kerivoula eriophora" DD
**** Lesser Woolly Bat "Kerivoula lanosa" LC
**Subfamily: Myotinae
***Genus: Myotis
**** Rufous Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis bocagii" LC
**** Morris's Bat "Myotis morrisi" VU
**** Scott's Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis scotti" VU
**** Cape Hairy Bat "Myotis tricolor" LC
**** Welwitch's Bat "Myotis welwitschii" LC
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: Glauconycteris
**** Butterfly Bat "Glauconycteris variegata" LC
***Genus: Laephotis
**** De Winton's Long-eared Bat "Laephotis wintoni" LC
***Genus: Mimetillus
**** Moloney's Flat-headed Bat "Mimetillus moloneyi" LC
***Genus: Neoromicia
**** Cape Serotine "Neoromicia capensis" LC
**** Tiny Serotine "Neoromicia guineensis" LC
**** Banana Pipistrelle "Neoromicia nanus" LC
**** Somali Serotine "Neoromicia somalicus" LC
**** White-winged Serotine "Neoromicia tenuipinnis" LC
**** nopage "Neoromicia zuluensis" LC
***Genus: Nycticeinops
**** Schlieffen's Twilight Bat "Nycticeinops schlieffeni" LC
***Genus: Pipistrellus
**** Mt. Gargues Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus aero" VU
**** RÜppel's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rueppelli" LC
**** Rusty Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rusticus" LC
***Genus: Plecotus
**** Ethiopian Big-eared Bat "Plecotus balensis" VU
***Genus: Scotoecus
**** Dark-winged Lesser House Bat "Scotoecus hirundo" DD
***Genus: Scotophilus
**** African Yellow Bat "Scotophilus dinganii" LC
**** Greenish Yellow Bat "Scotophilus viridis" LC
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: Miniopterus
**** Greater Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus inflatus" LC
**** Natal Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus natalensis" NT
**** Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus schreibersii" LC
*Family: Rhinopomatidae
**Genus: Rhinopoma
*** Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma hardwickei" LC
*** Macinnes's Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma macinnesi" VU
*** Greater Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma microphyllum" LC
*** Small Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma muscatellum" LR/lc
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: Chaerephon
*** Ansorge's Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon ansorgei" LC
*** Gland-tailed Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon bemmeleni" LC
*** Spotted Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon bivittata" LC
*** Chapin's Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon chapini" DD
*** Nigerian Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon nigeriae" LC
*** Little Free-tailed Bat "Chaerephon pumila" LC
**Genus: Mops
*** Angolan Free-tailed Bat "Mops condylurus" LC
*** Midas Free-tailed Bat "Mops midas" LC
*** Dwarf Free-tailed Bat "Mops nanulus" LC
**Genus: Mormopterus
*** Natal Free-Tailed Bat "Mormopterus acetabulosus" VU
**Genus: Otomops
*** Large-eared Free-tailed Bat "Otomops martiensseni" NT
**Genus: Platymops
*** Peters's Flat-headed Bat "Platymops setiger" DD
**Genus: Tadarida
*** Egyptian Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida aegyptiaca" LC
*** African Giant Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida ventralis" NT
*Family: Emballonuridae
**Genus: Coleura
*** African Sheath-tailed Bat "Coleura afra" LC
**Genus: Taphozous
*** Mauritian Tomb Bat "Taphozous mauritianus" LC
*** Egyptian Tomb Bat "Taphozous perforatus" LC
*Family: Nycteridae
**Genus: Nycteris
*** "Nycteris aurita" DD
*** Hairy Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris hispida" LC
*** Large-Eared Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris macrotis" LC
*** Parissi's Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris parisii" DD
*** Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris thebaica" LC
*Family: Megadermatidae
**Genus: Cardioderma
*** Heart-nosed Bat "Cardioderma cor" LC
**Genus: Lavia
*** Yellow-winged bat "Lavia frons" LC
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: Rhinolophus
**** Blasius's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus blasii" NT
**** Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus clivosus" LC
**** Eloquent Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus eloquens" DD
**** RÜppell's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus fumigatus" LC
**** Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus hildebrandti" LC
**** Lesser horseshoe bat "Rhinolophus hipposideros" LC
**** Lander's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus landeri" LC
**** Bushveld Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus simulator" LC
**Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
***Genus: Asellia
**** Patrizi's Trident Leaf-nosed Bat "Asellia patrizii" VU
**** Trident Leaf-nosed Bat "Asellia tridens" LC
***Genus: Hipposideros
**** Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros caffer" LC
**** nopage "Hipposideros marungensis" NT
**** Ethiopian Large-eared Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros megalotis" NT
**** Noack's Roundleaf Bat "Hipposideros ruber" LC
***Genus: Triaenops
**** Persian Trident Bat "Triaenops persicus" LC

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

----

The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

*Family: Manidae
**Genus: Manis
*** Ground Pangolin "Manis temminckii" LR/nt

Order: Cetacea (whales)

----The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: Steno
***** Rough-toothed Dolphin "Steno bredanensis" DD
****Genus: Sousa
***** "Sousa chinensis" DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Acinonyx
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: Caracal
***** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
****Genus: Felis
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****Genus: Leptailurus
***** Serval "Leptailurus serval" LC
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: Panthera
***** Lion "Panthera leo" VU
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
**Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
***Subfamily: Viverrinae
****Genus: Civettictis
***** African Civet "Civettictis civetta" LR/lc
****Genus: Genetta
***** Abyssinian Genet "Genetta abyssinica" DD
***** Common Genet "Genetta genetta" LR/lc
***** Rusty-spotted Genet "Genetta maculata" LR/lc
**Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
***Genus: Atilax
**** Marsh Mongoose "Atilax paludinosus" LR/lc
***Genus: Galerella
**** Slender Mongoose "Galerella sanguinea" LR/lc
***Genus: Helogale
**** Ethiopian Dwarf Mongoose "Helogale hirtula" LR/lc
**** Common Dwarf Mongoose "Helogale parvula" LR/lc
***Genus: Herpestes
**** Egyptian Mongoose "Herpestes ichneumon" LR/lc
***Genus: Mungos
**** Banded Mongoose "Mungos mungo" LR/lc
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: Crocuta
**** Spotted Hyena "Crocuta crocuta" LR/cd
***Genus: Hyaena
**** Striped Hyena "Hyaena hyaena" LR/nt
***Genus: Proteles
**** Aardwolf "Proteles cristatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Vulpes
**** Pale Fox "Vulpes pallida" DD
**** Rueppell's Fox "Vulpes rueppelli" DD
***Genus: Canis
**** Side-striped Jackal "Canis adustus" LC
**** Golden Jackal "Canis aureus" LC
**** Black-backed Jackal "Canis mesomelas" LC
**** Ethiopian Wolf "Canis simensis" EN
***Genus: Otocyon
**** Bat-eared Fox "Otocyon megalotis" LC
***Genus: Lycaon
**** African Wild Dog "Lycaon pictus" EN
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Ictonyx
**** Striped Polecat "Ictonyx striatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Mellivora
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc
***Genus: Lutra
**** Speckle-throated Otter "Lutra maculicollis" LC
***Genus: Aonyx
**** African Clawless Otter "Aonyx capensis" LC

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

*Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
**Genus: Equus
*** African Wild Ass "Equus africanus" CR
*** Burchell's Zebra "Equus burchellii" LC
*** Grevy's Zebra "Equus grevyi" EN
*Family: Rhinocerotidae
**Genus: Diceros
*** Black Rhinoceros "Diceros bicornis" CR

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Suidae (pigs)
**Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
***Genus: Phacochoerus
**** Warthog "Phacochoerus aethiopicus" LR/lc
**** Warthog "Phacochoerus africanus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Suinae
***Genus: Hylochoerus
**** Giant forest hog "Hylochoerus meinertzhageni" LR/lc
***Genus: Potamochoerus
**** Bushpig "Potamochoerus larvatus" LR/lc
*Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
**Genus: Hippopotamus
*** Hippopotamus "Hippopotamus amphibius" VU
*Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
**Genus: Giraffa
*** Giraffe "Giraffa camelopardalis" LR/cd
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
***Genus: Alcelaphus
**** Hartebeest "Alcelaphus buselaphus" LR/cd
***Genus: Damaliscus
**** Topi "Damaliscus lunatus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: Ammodorcas
**** Dibatag "Ammodorcas clarkei" VU
***Genus: Dorcatragus
**** Beira (antelope) "Dorcatragus megalotis" VU
***Genus: Gazella
**** Dorcas Gazelle "Gazella dorcas" VU
**** Grant's Gazelle "Gazella granti" LR/cd
**** Red-fronted Gazelle "Gazella rufifrons" VU
**** Soemmerring's Gazelle "Gazella soemmerringii" VU
**** Speke's Gazelle "Gazella spekei" VU
**** Thomson's Gazelle "Gazella thomsonii" LR/cd
***Genus: Litocranius
**** Gerenuk "Litocranius walleri" LR/cd
***Genus: Madoqua
**** Guenther's Dikdik "Madoqua guentheri" LR/lc
**** Salt's Dik-dik "Madoqua saltiana" LR/lc
***Genus: Oreotragus
**** Klipspringer "Oreotragus oreotragus" LR/cd
***Genus: Ourebia
**** Oribi "Ourebia ourebi" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Bovinae
***Genus: Syncerus
**** African Buffalo "Syncerus caffer" LR/cd
***Genus: Tragelaphus
**** Mountain Nyala "Tragelaphus buxtoni" EN
**** Bongo (antelope) "Tragelaphus eurycerus" LR/nt
**** Lesser Kudu "Tragelaphus imberbis" LR/cd
**** Common Eland "Tragelaphus oryx" LR/cd
**** Bushbuck "Tragelaphus scriptus" LR/lc
**** Greater Kudu "Tragelaphus strepsiceros" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Caprinae
***Genus: Capra
**** Nubian Ibex "Capra nubiana" EN
**** Walia Ibex "Capra walie" CR
**Subfamily: Cephalophinae
***Genus: Cephalophus
**** Harvey's Duiker "Cephalophus harveyi" LR/cd
**** Blue Duiker "Cephalophus monticola" LR/lc
***Genus: Sylvicapra
**** Common Duiker "Sylvicapra grimmia" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: Hippotragus
**** Roan Antelope "Hippotragus equinus" LR/cd
***Genus: Oryx
**** Gemsbok "Oryx gazella" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Reduncinae
***Genus: Kobus
**** Waterbuck "Kobus ellipsiprymnus" LR/cd
**** Kob "Kobus kob" LR/cd
**** Nile Lechwe "Kobus megaceros" LR/nt
***Genus: Redunca
**** Mountain Reedbuck "Redunca fulvorufula" LC
**** Bohor Reedbuck "Redunca redunca" LR/cd

Birds

Flora

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=ET&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Ethiopia
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

External links