Outline of Syria

The Flag of Syria		The Coat of arms of Syria

The location of Syria

An enlargeable map of the Syrian Arab Republic

See also: Index of Syria-related articles

The Syrian Arab Republic, commonly known as Syria, is a sovereign country located in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon, the Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north.^[1] The modern state of Syria was formerly a French mandate and attained independence in 1946, but can trace its roots to the fourth millennium BC. Its capital city, Damascus, was the seat of the Umayyad Empire and a provincial capital of the Mamluk Empire.

Since 1963 the country has been governed by the Baath Party; the head of state since 1970 has been a member of the Assad family. Syria's current president is Bashar al-Assad, son of Hafez al-Assad, who held office from 1970 until his death in 2000.^[2]

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Syria:

General reference

An enlargeable relief map of Syria

• Pronunciation:
• Common English country name: Syria
• Official English country name: The Syrian Arab Republic
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Syrian
• Demonym(s):
• Etymology: Name of Syria
• International rankings of Syria
• ISO country codes: SY, SYR, 760
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:SY
• Internet country code top-level domain: .sy

Geography of Syria

An enlargeable topographic map of Syria

Main article: Geography of Syria

• Syria is: a country
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
  • Eurasia
    • Asia
      • Southwest Asia
  • Middle East
    • The Levant
  • Time zone: UTC+02, summer UTC+03
  • Extreme points of Syria
    • High: Jabal el-Sheikh 2,814 m (9,232 ft)
    • Low: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
  • Land boundaries: 2,253 km

 Turkey 822 km

 Iraq 605 km

 Jordan 375 km

 Lebanon 375 km

 Israel 76 km

• Coastline: Mediterranean Sea 193 km

• Population of Syria: 19,929,000 - 54th most populous country
• Area of Syria: 185180 km²
• Atlas of Syria

Environment of Syria

Main article: Environment of Syria

• Climate of Syria
• Environmental issues in Syria
• Ecoregions in Syria
• Renewable energy in Syria
• Geology of Syria
• Protected areas of Syria
  • Biosphere reserves in Syria
  • National parks of Syria
• Wildlife of Syria
  • Flora of Syria
  • Fauna of Syria
    • Birds of Syria
    • Mammals of Syria

Natural geographic features of Syria

Main article: Landforms of Syria

• Glaciers of Syria
• Islands of Syria
• Lakes of Syria
• Mountains of Syria
  • Volcanoes in Syria
• Rivers in Syria
  • Waterfalls of Syria
• Valleys of Syria
• World Heritage Sites in Syria

Regions of Syria

Main article: Regions of Syria

Ecoregions of Syria

Main articles: List of ecoregions in Syria and Ecoregions in Syria

Administrative divisions of Syria

Main article: Administrative divisions of Syria

• Provinces of Syria
  • Districts of Syria

Provinces of Syria

Main article: Provinces of Syria

• Al-Hasakah
• Aleppo
• Damascus
• Daraa
• Deir ez-Zor
• Hama
• Homs
• Idlib
• Latakia
• Quneitra
• Ar-Raqqah
• Rif Dimashq
• As-Suwayda
• Tartus

Districts of Syria

Main article: Districts of Syria

• Al-Hasakah District
• Al Qamishli District
• Al-Malikiyah District
• Ra's al-'Ayn District
• 'Ayn al-'Arab District
• Afrin District
• Al Bab District
• As-Safirah District
• A'zaz District
• Jabal Sam'an
• Jarabulus District
• Manbij District
• Ar-Raqqah District
• Ath-Thawrah District
• Tal Abyad District
• As-Suwayda District
• Salkhad District
• Shahba District
• As-Sanamayn District
• Daraa District
• Izra' District
• Abu Kamal District
• Mayadin District
• Deir ez-Zor District
• As-Suqaylabiyah District
• Hama District
• Masyaf District
• Muhardeh District
• Salamiyah District
• Al-Mukharram District
• Al-Qusayr District
• Ar-Rastan District
• Homs District
• Palmyra District
• Talkalakh District
• Arihah District
• Harem District
• Idlib District
• Jisr ash-Shugur District
• Ma'arrat al-Numan District
• Al-Haffah District
• Jableh District
• Latakia District
• Qardaha District
• Fiq District
• Quneitra District
• Al-Qutayfah District
• An-Nabk District
• Al-Tall District
• Darayya District
• Markaz Rif Dimashq
• Duma District
• Qatana District
• Yabrud District
• Zabadani District
• Ash-Shaykh Badr District
• Baniyas District
• Duraykish District
• Safita District
• Tartus District

Demography of Syria

Main article: Demographics of Syria

Government and politics of Syria

Main article: Government of Syria and Politics of Syria

• Form of government:
• Capital of Syria: Damascus

• Elections in Syria
  • (specific elections)
• Political parties in Syria
• Political scandals of Syria
• Taxation in Syria

Branches of the government of Syria

Main article: Government of Syria

Executive branch of the government of Syria

• Head of state: President of Syria, Bashar al-Assad
• Head of government: Prime Minister of Syria, Muhammad Naji al-Otari
• Cabinet of Syria

Legislative branch of the government of Syria

• People's Council of Syria (Unicameral)

Judicial branch of the government of Syria

Main article: Court system of Syria

• High Judicial Council
• Supreme Court of Syria

Foreign relations of Syria

Main article: Foreign relations of Syria

• Diplomatic missions in Syria
• Diplomatic missions of Syria

International organization membership

Main article: International organization membership of Syria

The Syrian Arab Republic is a member of:^[1]

Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA) Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD) Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Group of 24 (G24) Group of 77 (G77) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Criminal Court (ICCt) (signatory) International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) International Development Association (IDA) International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) International Finance Corporation (IFC) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) International Labour Organization (ILO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Olympic Committee (IOC) International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) Islamic Development Bank (IDB) League of Arab States (LAS) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Nonaligned Movement (NAM) Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) United Nations (UN) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) Universal Postal Union (UPU) World Customs Organization (WCO) World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) World Health Organization (WHO) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

Syria is 1 of only 7 U.N. members which is not a member of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

Law and order in Syria

Main article: Law of Syria

• Capital punishment in Syria
• Constitution of Syria
• Crime in Syria
• Human rights in Syria
  • LGBT rights in Syria
  • Freedom of religion in Syria
• Law enforcement in Syria

Military of Syria

Main article: Military of Syria

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief:
    • Ministry of Defence of Syria
• Forces
  • Army of Syria
  • Navy of Syria
  • Syrian Air Force
  • Syrian Republican Guard
• Military history of Syria
• Military ranks of Syria

Local government in Syria

Main article: Local government in Syria

History of Syria

Main article: History of Syria, Timeline of Syrian history, and Current events of Syria

• Economic history of Syria
• Military history of Syria

Culture of Syria

Main article: Culture of Syria

• Architecture of Syria
• Cuisine of Syria
• Ethnic minorities in Syria
• Festivals in Syria
• Humor in Syria
• Languages of Syria
• Media in Syria
• National symbols of Syria
  • Coat of arms of Syria
  • Flag of Syria
  • National anthem of Syria
• People of Syria
• Prostitution in Syria
• Public holidays in Syria
• Records of Syria
• Religion in Syria
  • Buddhism in Syria
  • Christianity in Syria
  • Hinduism in Syria
  • Islam in Syria
  • Judaism in Syria
  • Sikhism in Syria
• World Heritage Sites in Syria

Art in Syria

• Art in Syria
• Cinema of Syria
• Literature of Syria
• Music of Syria
• Television in Syria
• Theatre in Syria

Sports in Syria

Main article: Sports in Syria

• Football in Syria
• Syria at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Syria

Main article: Economy of Syria

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 75th (seventy-fifth)

• Agriculture in Syria
• Banking in Syria
  • National Bank of Syria
• Communications in Syria
  • Internet in Syria
  • Media in Syria
• Companies of Syria
• Currency of Syria: Pound
  • ISO 4217: SYP
• Economic history of Syria
• Energy in Syria
  • Energy policy of Syria
  • Oil industry in Syria
• Mining in Syria
• Damascus Securities Exchange
• Tourism in Syria
• Transport in Syria
  • Airports in Syria
  • Rail transport in Syria
  • Roads in Syria
• Waste management in Syria
• Water in Syria
  • Water resources management in Syria
  • Water supply and sanitation in Syria

Education in Syria

Main article: Education in Syria

Health in Syria

Main article: Health in Syria

See also

	Syria portal
	Southwest Asia portal

Main article: Syria

• Index of Syria-related articles
• List of international rankings
• List of Syria-related topics
• Member state of the United Nations
• Outline of Asia
• Outline of geography

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Syria". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 2, 2009. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sy.html. Retrieved 2009-07-23. 
2. ^ Baath Party The Columbia Encyclopedia Sixth Edition 2001–05. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Syria

Search

• Syria Syrian search engine

Etymology

• Syria and Asyria Etymology

Government

• Syrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• E.sy The First Complete Governmental Online Services
• The Syrian Baath Party
• Syrian Parliament
• Syria:country study, Lib. of Congress

Culture

• The Syrian National Film Organization
• Syrian General Organization of Radio and TV
• Al Assad National Library
• Pictures of Syria
• Interactive Panoramas of Syria (Quicktime required)

Society

• syriapath for Syrians and Syrian expats
• Syria-Events A website which keeps track of upcoming events and activities in Syria
• [1] A short video song about Syria and its main Landmarks

Economy

• Central Bank of Syria
• The Commercial Bank of Syria

News

• [2] political news in kurdish (kurmanji)
• [3] political news in Arabic
• eSyria the first complete Syrian portal
• syria-news Popular local news website
• syria today news News Agency
• SANA Syrian Arab News Agency Government News Agency
• Syrian General Organization of Radio and TV
• Cham Press A complete roundup of news about Syria (in Arabic & English)

Cities & Towns

• Mashta Al Helou Official Website
• Safita Official Website
• alkafroun Official Website
• Marmarita Official Website

Travel

• Outline of Syria travel guide from Wikitravel