Gorakhpur

This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Gorakhpur district.

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Gorakhpur
—  city  —
Gorakhpur Location of Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates	26°33′0″N 83°9′0″E / 26.55°N 83.15°E / 26.55; 83.15Coordinates: 26°33′0″N 83°9′0″E / 26.55°N 83.15°E / 26.55; 83.15
Country	India
State	Uttar Pradesh
District(s)	Gorakhpur
Population • Density	3,769,456 (2001[update]) • 1,082 /km2 (2,802 /sq mi)
Sex ratio	1000/959 ♂/♀
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area	3,483.8 square kilometres (1,345.1 sq mi)
Climate Temperature • Summer • Winter	•      26 °C (79 °F) •      40 °C (104 °F) •      18 °C (64 °F)
Codes • Pincode • 2730XX • Telephone • +91-551 • Vehicle • UP 53
Website	http://gorakhpur.nic.in

Gorakhpur (Hindi: गोरखपुर, Urdu: گورکھپور) is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division. Gorakhpur is famous as a religious centre: the city was home to Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim, Jain and Sikh saints and is named after the medieval saint Gorakshanath. Gorakhnath Temple is still the seat of the Nath sect. It is also the birthplace of Paramhansa Yogananda, Chandragupta Maurya. The city is also home to many historic Buddhist sites, Imambara, an 18th century dargah, and the Gita Press, a publisher of Hindu religious texts.

In the 20th century, Gorakhpur was a focal point in the Indian independence movement. Today, the city is also a business centre, hosting the headquarters of the North Eastern Railways, previously known as Bengal Nagpur Railways, and an industrial area, GIDA (Gorakhpur Industrial Development Authority) 15 km from the old town.

District statistics

• Geographical Area 3,483.8 km²
• Total Population(2009) 1,061,428
• Sex Ratio (2001) 1000 /959
• Rural Population ( 69.40% ) (2001) 3,030,865
• Urban Population ( 30.60% ) (2001) 738,591
• Total Literates ( 70.89% ) (2011) 8,44,632 approx.

Origin of name

The city and district of Gorakhpur are named after a renowned ascetic saint, Gorakshanath, the chief disciple of the yogi Matsyendranath. Together, Matsyendranath and Gorakshanath founded the Nath Sampradaya line of saints. Gorakhnath Temple is said to stand on the spot where Gorakshanath practiced Hatha Yoga to develop self-control.

Location

The district of Gorakhpur lies between Lat. 26º 13' N and 27º 29' N and Long. 83º 05' E and 83º 56' E. The district occupies the north-eastern corner of the state along with the district of Deoria, and comprises a large stretch of country lying to the north of the river Rapti, the deep stream of which forms its southern boundary with the Azamgarh district. On the west, the boundary marches along Basti and on the east adjoins Deoria and the Chhoti Gandak Nadi and further south the Jharna Nala forms the dividing line. To the north lies Nepal.Gorakhpur has also a lake Ramgartal.It's vast and provides home to various types of fishes.

Geography

It is located on the bank of river Rapti and Rohani, a Ganges tributary originating in Nepal that sometimes causes severe floods. The Rapti is interconnected through many other small rivers following meandering courses across the Gangetic Plain. The district presents characteristics distinct from natural features of the western districts of Uttar Pradesh. This difference is due primarily to the relative proximity of the Himalayas, the outermost foothills of which are only a few kilometres from the northern borders. The peak of Dhaulagiri, some 8,230 meters above sea-level, is visible under favourable climatic conditions as far south as Gorakhpur itself.

Below the outer hills is a dry boulder-strewn tract, corresponding to the Bhabar of Kumaun and Garhwal and here the bulk of the moisture contributed by the rainfall and the small streams is absorbed by the soil, to reappear through seepage in the damp and unhealthy tract, known as the terai. The latter comprises a belt some 16 km. in width, running along the northern borders of Maharajganj tahsil. It is extensively cultivated.

Geology

The geology of the district exposes nothing beyond ordinary river borne alluvium which is not old. The mineral products are few and unimportant. The minerals of commercial value are the nodular limestone conglomerate known as kankar, brick and saltpetre. The last occurs principally in the south and south-east and is manufactured in a crude state in considerable quantities most of it being exported to markets of Bihar. In the Bansgaon tahsil kankar is most abundant and quarries are seen at many places. It is also extracted from some places in Mahrajganj tahsil. Lime is obtained by burning kankar. Brick clay is abundant everywhere and bricks are made all over the district. The soil in the district is light sandy or dense clay of yellowish brown colour. The sand found in the rivers is medium to coarse grained, greyish white to brownish in colour and is suitable for construction This soil is suitable for Sugarcane and Rice cultivation.

History

Ancient History

In ancient times the geographical area of Gorakhpur included the modern districts of Basti, Deoria, Kushinagar, Azamgarh. According to Vedic writings, the earliest known monarch ruling over this region with his capital at Ayodhya was Iksvaku, founder of the Solar dynasty. The solar dynasty produced a number of kings; Rama of the Ramayana is most well-known. The entire region was an important centre of Aryan culture and civilization, a part of the famous kingdoms of Koshala and Malla, two of the sixteen Mahajanapadas (states) in 6th century BCE India.

Gorakhpur is also birth place of great king Chandra Gupta Maurya, Chandragupta belonged to Moriyas, a Kshatriya clan of a little ancient republic of Pippalivana ("Piparahiyan" in modern day it falls into administrative range of Chauri Chaura tehsil in Gorakhpur) located between Rummindei in the Nepali Terai and Kasia in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

Gautama Buddha, founder of Buddhism, who was born at Kapilvastu in Nepal, renounced his princely clothing at the confluence of the rivers Rapti and Rohini, near Gorakhpur, before setting out on his quest of truth in 600 BCE. Later he died in the courtyard of Mall King Sastipal Mall at his capital Kushinara which is now known as Kushinagar, there is a monument to this effect at Kushinagar even today. The city is also associated with the travels of Lord Buddha's contemporary Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism. Lord Mahavira was born at a place not very far from Gorakhpur. Later he took his mahaparinirvan at his maternal uncle's palace at Pava which is about 15 kilometers from Kushinagar(Pavapuri and Kushinara were the twin capital of Mall dynasty which was part 16 Mahajanpads of ancient India). Malla dynasty was following democratic way of governance from their Santhagara and thus Gorakhpur is also the part of ancient Gana sangha.There is a mention in epic Mahabharata that Prince Bhim, the younger brother of King Yudhistr had visited Gorakhpur to invite saint Gorakhnath to attend his Rajsuuya Yagna.

Gorakhnath Mandir, in Gorakhpur

After the Iksvaku dynasty was conquered by Magadha's Nanda Dynasty in the 4th century BC, Gorakhpur became in turn part of the Maurya, Shunga, Kushana, Gupta and Harsha empires. The great emperor of India Chandragupta maurya belonged to Moriyas, a Kshatriya (warrior) clan of a little ancient republic of Pippalivana located between Rummindei in the Nepali Tarai and Kasia in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

In the 10th century, the Tharu king Mausen of Madan Singh ruled over Gorakhpur city and the adjoining area. Gorakhpur was also birth place of King Vikas Sankrityayan.^[1]

Medieval History

In medieval times, the city was home to the medieval Hindu saint Gorakshanath, who gave the city its name. The date of Gorakshanath's birth has not yet been settled, but he probably lived in the twelfth century. The site of his samādhi (ecstasy) at Gorakhpur attracts a large number of pilgrims every year.

In the 12th century, the Gorakhpur region, as much of northern India, was conquered by the Muslim ruler Muhammad Ghori. The region remained under the influence of Muslim rulers, such as Qutb-ud-din Aybak and Bahadur Shah^{[disambiguation needed ]}, for some centuries. In the early 16th century, the mystic poet and famous saint Kabir lived and worked in Maghar, a village 20 km from Gorakhpur, where his burial place still attracts many pilgrims.

On Akbar's reorganisation of the empire in the 16th century, Gorakhpur gave its name to one of the five Sarkars (administrative units) in the province of Awadh.

Imambara, an 18th century dargah, is located about 2 km from the railway station in Gorakhpur. Imambara is the dargah of Roshan Ali Shah, a Sufi saint. It preserves a dhuni (smoke fire), and is famous for its gold and silver Tazia.

Modern History

Gorakhpur came under direct British control in 1803. It was one of the major centers of the 1857 uprising, and later played a major role in the Indian independence movement.

Gorakhpur district was the scene of the Chauri Chaura^[2] incident of February 4, 1922, which was a turning point in the history of India's freedom struggle. Enraged by police atrocities, a crowd of 2,000 people burnt down the Chauri-Chaura^[3] Police Station, killing nineteen policemen. In response to this violence, Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement that he had launched in 1920 and fasted for 21 days, until he was satisfied that all Non-Cooperation Movement activities had ceased.

Martyrdom of Ram Prasad Bismil

Funeral of Bismil at Rajghat

Born at Shahjahanpur city of Uttar Pradesh, Ram Prasad Bismil was a great revolutionary and believed in armed struggle against the British rulers. As the main accused in the famous Kakori conspiracy case of 1925 he was hanged to death in Gorakhpur District Jail on 19 December 1927. From the condemned cell of this historic jail he wrote his autobiography which was banned by the British Government. From the gallows of Gorakhpur jail he spoke his last will – " I wish the downfall of the British Empire " which became true after 20 years. His martyrdom at prime age inspired the people of Gorakhpur particularly and the nation to advance the freedom struggle to its logical end. His last rites were performed at Rajghat on the bank of Rapti river where about 1.5 lacs of people were present.

Other incidents

In 1934, an earthquake (8.1 on the Richter scale) caused much damage in the city.

Two other important events in the district took place in 1942, shortly after the famous Quit India Resolution was proclaimed on August 8. On August 9, Jawaharlal Nehru was arrested and tried in this district; he spent the next three years in prison. At village Doharia kala (Pali block in Sahjanwa Tehsil) on August 23, a protest meeting was held against the British Government. Government forces opened fire unprovoked, killing nine and injuring hundreds. A Shaheed Smarak memorial stands on the spot today.

Administrative Structure

Gorakhpur is the headquarters of Gorakhpur Division and District. Gorakhpur division comprises four districts, Gorakhpur, Deoria, Mahrajganj and Kushinagar.

As a basic administration unit the district, has assumed a greater development and regulatory role consequent to emphasis on decentralised planning. It is divided into seven Tehsils ( Revenue Sub- Divisions) presided over by a Sub Divisional Magistrate. Tehsils are further subdivided into nineteen Development Blocks, Blocks into 191 Nyay Panchayat and these Nyay Panchayats into 1233 Gram Sabhas which consists of 3319 Revenue villages. The District Administrative unit is shown as :

Unit	No.
Number of Tehsil	7
Number of Blocks	19
Number of Nyay Panchayat	191
Number of Gram sabha	1233
Number of Villages	3319

Division of District into Tehsils and Blocks is shown below :

Name of Tehsil	Name of Block
Sadar	Jungle Kaudia, Chargawa, Bhathat, Khorabar, Pipraich
Chauri Chaura	Sardarnagar, Brahmpur
Sahjanawa	Pali, Piprauli, Sahjanwa
Khajni	Khajni, Belghat
Campierganj	Campierganj
Bansgaon	Bansgaon, Kauriram, Gagaha
Gola	Gola, Barhalganj, Uruwa

Political Representation

There are two Loksabha constituencies and nine assembly seats in the district of Gorakhpur.The sitting MPs are as follows

S No.	Name of Constituency	Name of Member	Party
1	64-Gorakhpur	Adityanath	BJP
2	Bansgaon	Kamlesh Paswan	BJP

The sitting MLAs are as follows

S No.	Name of Constituency	Name of Member	Party
1	163-Bansgaon	Sadal Prasad	BSP
2	164-Dhuriapar	Rajendra Singh	SP
3	165-Chillupar	Rajesh Tripathi	BSP
4	Kauriram	Ambika	BSP
5	167-Mundera Bazar	Madho Prasad	INC
6	168-Pipraich	Jamuna Nishad	BSP
7	169-Gorakhpur	R M D Agarwal	BJP
8	170-Maniram	Vijay Bahadur Yadav	BJP
9	171-Sahjanwan	Yashpal Singh Rawat	IND

Economy

The economy of Gorakhpur Mahanagar is primarily based on the service industry.People from all over Purvanchal (Eastern U.P) migrate to the city for education, medical and other facilities which are better than those found in rural areas. There are branches of all major nationalized banks as well as of private banks in the city, most of which are found along Bank Road, named as it was the location of Garakhpur's first bank, the Kayastha Bank, which was opened in 1906. Later on at this place a branch of Imperial Bank of India was opened in 1923. The Imperial Bank of India was converted into State Bank of India by an act of parliament (State Bank of India Act 1955). The main branch of State Bank of India still exists here along with other business process re-engineering units like SARC (Stressed Assets Recovery Centre), CCPC (Centralised Clearing Processing Cell).

The city also offers best health services in the whole area of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Western Bihar and Nepal.B R D Medical College, Civil Hospital,L N M Railway Hospital, Hanuman Prasad Poddar Cancer Hospital, Kushth Sewa Ashram, Agrawal are some of the hospitals in the city. Another major attraction of the city is Arogya Mandir, which is a wellness center and rejuvenation camp.In this health rejuvenation camp body and mind related ailments are treated following natural curative methods and yoga in their original form. This wellness center induces a natural healing process in the body which gives boost to self-curative forces and enable in healing and acquiring health. It endeavors to give lessons to and treat you to enjoy a sound natural life only in 10 days. The main and the only aim of this health center is to provide you with happy and fit life

The central business district of the city, Golghar, located near the geographical centre includes several major shops, hotels and restaurants, as well as the Rapti Complex, Baldev Plaza, Mangalam Tower and City shopping malls. The Rapti Complex, built in 1987, is the oldest complex in the area. Here one can find all the of all major brands of apparel, jewellary, shoes, cosmetics and electronics goods.

The Buxipur area is the location for one of the biggest book markets in North Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Books for various competitive exams viz. IAS,IES,IITJEE,AIEEE,State Engineering Entrance Exams, AIIPMT,CPMT etc. can be found very easily here.

Hathkargha and Terracotta Industry

The city is famous for hathkargha (a type of hand operated loom) industry.The beautiful horse and elephant terracotta figures, originally meant for dedicating to village deities on special occasions, have found an appreciative national and international market. Some is the case with the products of the very widespread handloom cottage industry of Gorakhpur which comprises about 30,000 looms, the towels, bed-sheets, bed-covers, table cloths, pillow covers and curtains are among the very best produced by Indian handlooms.But due to cut throat competition from mechanised loom industry and lack of government support and subsidy,the industry is loosing its charm and people are switching over to other industries to earn their bread and butter. Same is the case with terracotta industry.

Gorakhpur Industrial Development Authority (GIDA)

The city also boasts of an Industrial area called "Gorakhpur Industrial Development Authority" or "GIDA".^[4] To revolutionise the industrialisation in this economically backward area,the state government has established this industrial area in 1989 with the objective of establishing on integrated model township which will have Industrial Facilities, for setting up of various large/medium and small scale industries, residential facilities, commercial areas, spaces for institutions of national importance as well as office complexes. The city is proposed to be developed with the state of the art technology in engineering as well as the most modern architecture. Emphasis is also being laid on developing it as a green city to ensure a pollution free environment. Based on the NOIDA pattern, the proposed industrial city at Gorakhpur is ideally located for Industrial Development. Excellent potential exists in GIDA as 320 Entrepreneurs have been allotted industrial plots, out of which 120 units have already gone in production and 80 units are under construction. Since Gorakhpur and near-by areas have abundance of agro based raw material,it is an ideal place for starting following industries: Fruit Processing, Modern Rice Mill Mushroom, Cultivation and Processing, Activated Carbon Beer Plant, Texturised Soya Protein Nuggets, Herbal Resource Based Industry, Bone Meal/ Cattle and Poultry feed, Paper and Paper Pulp Unit, Electronics Jute Viscose Fine Yarn, Power Generation Refined Oil, Shoe and Leather Goods, Frozen vegetable & Fruits, Mineral Water Pet Bottles, Woolen Worsted Knitting Yarn, Leather Foam, Knit Wear and Computerized Flat Bed Knitting Power loom and shuttle less looms, Decorative Laminate,Hi-Fashion Hosiery & Knitwear.

Ministry of Food Processing Industries,Govt. of India is also setting up a Food Park in GIDA to provide facilities such as cold storage, Quality laboratory, Effluent Treatment Plant, infrastructure facilities such as development of road, drainage system etc. at the cost of Rs. 1471.00 Lacs after realizing the need for centralized facilities for agro based and food processing activities.

Sugar Industry

Gorakhpur is also known for its sugar industry ^[5] as the eastern belt of Uttar Pradesh has been very rich in its resources of cane cultivation.The sugar mill(capacity-6000TCD) and distillery(49500 KL per annum) of Saraya industries limited is located in Sardar Nagar,Gorakhpur. Saraya Distillery is one of the leading suppliers of Cheap Branded Liquor in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Besides, it is one of the leading suppliers of Extra Neutral Alcohol / Rectified Spirit in the country today. Saraya Distillery has an established long relationship with McDowells & Company Limited for a number of years. There is also a bottling plant of McDowell’s & Company products internally for supply in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Gorakhpur stands in the top 100 leadings producing cities of sugar.

North Eastern Railway Head Quarters and Mechanical Workshop

Gorakhpur is also the headquarters of North Eastern Railways.^[6] The mechanical workshop, NER, Gorakhpur was established in 1903.^[7] Steam engines were maintained here for a long time, but now diesel engines, coaches, and wagons are the main subjects of maintainance here.

'Air Force Station, Gorakhpur'

The air force station, Gorakhpur which is extremely vital for the Defence of the eastern part of the country is equipped with the latest and most sophisticated fighter and bomber planes and equipments and it comes under the Central Air Command (CAC) head-quartered at Bamrauli,Allahabad.It was established in 1963 and has Jaguar fighter planes.It also has a jaguar training center.The second oldest helicopter unit of Indian Air Force (NO. 105 Helicopter Unit) moved to Air Force Station Gorakhpur in August 1987.^[8] Immediately after moving to Gorakhpur the unit carried out extensive flood relief operation in Bihar. Again in 1991 unit carried out flood relief operations in Orissa Ex-Bhubaneswar. Recently this unit carried out Ex-Frog i.e. Flood Relief a rescue Operations in Gorakhpur and Bihar.

Gorakha Recruitment Depot

Gorkha Recruitment depot,one of the selection centers of Gorkha soldiers for Indian army is situated in Gorakhpur. This gorkha Recruitment Depot is the only one of its kind in the country.It recruits the Gorkhas of Nepalese origin from the Anchals of Mahakali, Seti, Bheri, Rapti, Karnali, Dhaulagiri, Lumbini and Gandaki of Nepal.It was established in 1886.

Media

Gorakhpur has all India radio and Doordarshan broadcasting and relay centres of its own. A lot of Hindi Newspapers including Dainik Jagran, Hindustan, Amar Ujala, Aaj, Rashtriya Sahara are printed in the city. Various English Newspapers including the The Times of India, The Hindu, Hindustan Times, The Economic Times (published from either Lucknow or Varanasi) can also be found here. The FM radio station, Radio Mantra (91.9 MHz) from Jagran Group also operates in the city.

Culture

Cuisine

Traditional cuisine includes platters of Galawati and Kakori kabobs in Oudh and fish. Meat is generally available in the villages and even in the towns the cost makes it a luxury item,but now a day's the growing income of the area made it easy. Wheat, rice, gram, maize, and pulses along with curd, milk, vegetables, ghee and vegetable oils, constitute the items of daily food, rice being the staple food of the people. Coarse grains like jowar, makka, bajra, barley, kodon, madua and sawan, once formed the staple diet of the poor,are not grown these days. Among villagers, sattu, flour of parched gram and barley mixes, and chabena (parched grain) are quite popular. Finely ground sattu is used in the towns also. People generally eat two meals per day, one at around midday and another in the evening. Roti, chapati or rice is eaten with a bowl of pulses or with cooked vegetables, pickles, curd, or only salt jaggery or onion. Tea is a common drink while milk is available every where. Seasonal fruits and vegetables are used. Efforts are being made by various food departments to change the food habits of the people and to induce them to grow and eat more vegetables, eggs, etc., but these have had limited impact so far.

Art

Wood carvery is popular with carved designs on doors and sills echoing stonemasonry images of gods and goddesses that adorn the local temples and shrines.

Music

One of the main features of Gorakhpur's culture is a tradition of folk-songs and folk-dances. At the end of a working day, unwinding with singing and dancing is a popular pastime. This is particularly true during the rainy season between agriculture operations, and on winter nights, when there is little work and much time to fill. Folk-songs are also performed at various festivals during the year. The kaharwa is sung at Deepawali, the Alha and the kajari during the rainy and winter nights, and the Phaag during Holi. Songs are normally accompanied by instruments such as the harmonium, dholak, and manjira. Some of the most popular folk-dances are saved for occasions like festivals, fairs, and weddings.

Dress

The normal dress at home of the men – both Hindu and Muslim – is the kurta, dhoti or pyjamas. When going out they generally put on trousers with a coat, shirt, etc., which has become the dress of working class. On formal occasions, men wear sherwani or achkan and churidar.Men generally don't wear jewellery except sometimes a gold neck chain.

Women mainly wear sari and blouse . The Punjabi women wear salwar, kurta and dupatta. Some Muslim women still wear churidar pyjamas with kurta and dupatta. In the town of Gorakhpur young girls are also seen wearing skirt and slacks, salwar, garara or sharara with kurta and dupatta and recently now bell-bottomed pyjamas with kamiz have in vogue. The use of the lehanga (full long skirt) still persists among the women of the villages or on ceremonial occasions in Hindu families. Women usually cover their head with dupatta or sari. Gold, silver or nickel jewellery is worn according to means and taste. Costume jewellery is also popular now in all communities. Bunda and jhumki(ear ring), kara for hands and feet both, lachcha, payal (anklets), keel and nath (nose-stud and nose-ring); hansuli (tight neck-lace), anguthi (ring), and panchhaila (wristlet) are all commonly worn. Silver bichhia i.e.toe-ring is a must for every married Hindu women.

Entertainment

As elsewhere in India, cinema is most popular means of entertainment in Gorakhphur. There are thirteen cinemas in the district with a combined capacity of six thousand seats. Documentaries and mobile cinema cater for the rural areas of the district. Dramatic societies and circuses also visit the district. Dangal (wrestling matches), nautanki (indigenous open-air dramatic performances), bhajan and qawwali programmes, and mushaira are also arranged at different places from time to time. Ramlila and Krishnalila provide alternative entertainment. There is also a 3 Screen multiplex opened in year 2008.File:City.jpg.jpg

Hang-outs and Parks

Gorakhpur has a world-class amusement park located at Ramgarh Tal lake. Neer Nikunj water park is the most famous hang-out for most of the people of the City and nearby areas. The Ramgarh Tal lake is itself a place for hang out that provides a panoramic and scenic view and one can get rid of the hustle and bustle of the busy city life here.It covers approx. 723 hectares of area. At present the embankment of this lake is about 18 km long which is really unique in its nature. Ramgarh tal has its own specific ecosystem and people adjacent to its bank are closely related. Government’s indifference, heavy garbage dumping and encroachment along the taal has deteriorated not only its water quality but also its morphology too. Several researches indicate that every year 5 cm of sediment is being deposited on the bed of the taal. Now due to rising level of eutrophication, the level of biodiversity of the taal is also gradually declining.

Gorakhpur also has a plethora of well-maintained parks including-

• Prem Chand Park
• Whee Park
• Lal Diggi Park
• Indira Bal Vihar, Golghar
• Vinod Van(Located in Area Of IAF)
• Champa Devi Park
• Ambedkar Park
• Panth Park

Vinod Van is one of the biggest zoos of East Uttar Pradesh.It is situated in the lush and green forest of Kushmi Jungle. There are large no. of animals here like deers, antelopes, cheetal, monkeys, Neelgay, snakes, rabbits,crocodiles. It also has an aviary that has a variety of species of birds.

The city also has a Rail museum where the history and antique locomotives of Indian Railways can be seen.The museum also have a toy train for children. There is an A.C food plaza in the museum also.The Rail museum is situated near the headquarters of North Eastern Railway.

There is a buddhist museum called Lord Buddha sangrahalay near Taramandal which attracts thousands of tourists from East and South-East Asian countries every year. The museum houses a lot of things related to Lord Buddha and his life.

City Mall,V Mart, Spencers-Hyper,Cross Road The Mall (located on A D Chowk Buxipur),Baldev Plaza and Mangalam Tower are considered to be a shoppers' paradise and great hang-outs.City Mall and Multiplex, situated in the Golghar Market, is a 5 storey mall that accommodates all top brands of apparel, jewelleries, electronic gizmos, accessories, souvenirs, home products and departmental stores. It offers a convenient reach to the shoppers from around the city along with great architecture, rich aesthetics and great ambience.It houses a 3-Screen multiplex,run by SRS cinemas.

The city also boasts of a state of the art planetarium at Taramandal. It has become new destination for students who want to explore about the planets and the universe.

People

The major composition of population includes Hindu casts viz. – Yadav, Kayasth, Bhumihar(Rai) Brahmin, Rajput, Sainthwar, Kshatriya, along with Muslim, Sikh and Christian. In recent times people from Bihar have started settling in Gorakhpur.

The primary language of Gorakhpur is Hindi, followed by Bhojpuri.

Eminent personalities

Baba Raghav Das Raghvendra Rao (original name), born in pune, a staunch patriot and an eminent social worker is popularly known as the Gandhi of Poorvanchal. He aroused cultural and national feelings, spread out education, served the poorest / lepers and sacrificed his life for the socio-economic betterment of the people of Purvanchal. In recognition to his service the medical college is named after him. Also for the shelter of leprosy, Kushth Sewa Ashram was set up by him in 1951 at Gorakhpur. This noble saint and philosopher left for his heavenly abode on 15 January 1958.

Babu Bandhu Singh The first great freedom fighter of Gorakhpur, waged Guerilla War with the Britishers, was at last arrested through an informer and hanged at Alinagar Chowk, Gorakhpur on 12th Aug. 1857. His supreme sacrifice remained a perpetual source of inspiration for the people of Gorakhpur till the attainment of freedom.

Firaq Gorakhpuri Original name Raghupati Sahay, a noted Urdu poet, recipient of Gyanpeeth Award belonged to Gorakhpur.

Prem Chand Original name dhanpat Rai, World famous Hindi Writer, was born in Varanasi but Gorakhpur was his work-place. As a writer he got recognition from Gorakhpur during his stay as an Asst. teacher and Hostel Superintendent (1916–1921).

Hanuman Prasad Poddar Hanuman Prasad Poddar, lovingly called as Bhaijee, a multifacent personality, an editor of famous religious magazine Kalyan is remembered for his untiring efforts to propagate and disseminate Hindu religion across the world.

Mahant Digvijai Nath One of the famous founder of the Hindu Maha Sabha, a great nationalist and follower of yogi Gorakhnath, was closely associated with the famous Gorakhnath temple and established a number of educational institutions in the city. His contribution to the establishment of Gorakhpur University is significant.

Pt. S.N.M. Tripathi Pt. Surti Narayan Mani Tripathi was the First ICS of UP State.H e has held many important posts including the post of District Magistrate – Gorakhpur. That was the time when Pt. S.N.M. Tripathi took a vow to build a University in Gorakhpur. He was the Founder President of the Gorakhpur University. Other personalities like Mahant Digvijaynath, Shri Hanuman Prasad Poddar, Sardar Majithia were also members of the foundation team.

Pt. Dashrath Prasad Dwivedi An editor of Swadesh is known for his patriotic writings-editing who published the autobiography of Ram Prasad Bismil serially in his news paper without any fear.

Vir Bahadur Singh Vir Bahadur Singh, real son of the soil, ex. Chief Minister of U.P. and Central Cabinet Minister of Communication, is widely remembered as an architect of modern Gorakhpur. The city is indebted to him for ushering a series of developmental activities, the prominent being upgradation of the city Gorakhpur to B class and Nagar Nigam, creation of Gorakhpur Development Authority, construction of residential colonies, openeing of Sports College, Mahila I.T.I. and Navodaya Vidhyalaya, ambitous Ramgarh Project, Entertainment and Amusement Parks and widening of Roads.

Ram Ashray Yadav, Chandra Vijay Singh & Janardan Yadav Wrestlers, represented India Railways Team as well as Indian Team. All are Yash Bharti Awardee.

Sir Surjit Singh Majithia An Industrialist, founder of Sardar Nagar Sugar Mill and others. Sports loving and known for his charitable works.

Dr. Vidya Niwas Mishra Eminent Scholar of Hindi, Sanskrit Literature resident of Gola Tehsil of Gorakhpur District. Padmeshree Awardee.

Smt. Janaki Devi An Illiterate activist who reformed the people of many villages and is popular for her Social Activities. Resident of a Village of Pipraich Block, District Magistrate of Gorakhpur felicitated her along with other officials and public personalities.

Daler Mehndi Popular Punjabi Singer, started his carrier from Gorakhpur District.

Jafar Gorakhpuri Popular Filmy Song Writer known for his song "Bada Lutfa tha jab .....", belongs to Gorakhpur.

Syed Modi An ace badminton player of Gorakhpur, eight times national champion(1980–87), recipient of Arjuna Award, winner of Gold Medal in Common Wealth Games(1982), bronze medalist of Asian games (1982), took participation in several international tournaments. He was known as the great stroke player both on forehand and backhand. Unfortunately, his promising life was cut short by the cruel assassin's bullet on 28 June. 1988.

Narendra Hirwani Narendra Hirwani, born and brought up in Gorakhpur but played Ranji for M.P. State, is the youngest cricket test player and became crickecters of the year (1988). National record of taking maximum number of wickets (16 for 136) in test match( against west Indies at Madras) goes to his credit.

Prem Maya Hockey Player, represented and captained Indian Women Hockey team. Arjun Awardee.

Late Shri. Janardan Singh Bharat Bhim and famous wrestler from Gorakhpur.

Panne Lal Yadav India Fame Wrestler, represented India, in India and abroad. Yash Bahrti Awardee.

Other famous personalities are as follows

• Prem Maya Sonir, hockey player
• Anurag Kashyap, film director and screenwriter.
• Jimmy Shergill, actor
• Raj Shankar, biochemist
• Shakir Ali (barrister)
• Leo Amery, politician and journalist
• Laxmikant-Pyarelal, Bollywood composer duo
• Billy Arjan Singh, hunter turned conservationist, author
• Raza Murad, actor
• Amrita Sher-Gil, painter
• Vaibhav Saxena, Bollywood music director
• Chunky Pandey, Bollywood actor
• Saurabh Shukla, film and television actor, director and screenwriter

Literature

Munshi Premchand (1880–1936), one of India's great Hindi novelists, lived in Gorakhpur. The house where he lived and wrote still stands in a park named Munshi Premchand Park.

Firaq Gorakhpuri (1896–1982) (Raghupati Sahay), the famous Urdu poet, grew up in Gorakhpur, where his childhood home still stands. He later moved to Allahabad where he was a professor of English at Allahabad University. Template:Jagdish singh politician}socialisty party from bansgaon

Poet and critic, Majnoon Gorakhpuri, is also from Gorakhpur,

Renowned Urdu poet Mohammad Umar Khan 'Umar' aka Umar Gorakhpuri, a disciple of legendary poet Dagh Dehelvi, also belonged to Gorakhpur. A collection of his selected poetry entitled "Bada-i-Kuhna" (The Old Wine) has recently been published.

Geeta Press^[9]

One of the biggest attractions to visit when in Gorakhpur is the prestigious Gita Press.^[10] It is the world's largest publishers of Hindu religious texts. The Gita Press was founded around year 1923 by the great Brahmalina Shri Jayadayalji Goyandka. Selling over 370 million copies of various Hindu religious texts the Gita Press is extremely impressive. The building itself is a work of art. A beautiful gold shimmery temple like building that quickly catches your eye.The entrance to the press is an impressive blend of Indian temple architecture—while the pillars are inspired from the cave temples of Ellora, the gopuram is influenced by the Meenakshi temple in Madurai.The Gita Press from the outside looks nothing like most modern publishing houses that exist today. It has an art gallery inside with 648 exquisite paintings by famous artists from different time periods.The Gita Press archives contain over 3,500 manuscripts including over 100 interpretations of the Gita.[2]

The press publishes two magazines namely

• Kalyan ^[11] (in Hindi) is a monthly magazine being published since 1927. It has articles devoted to various religious topics promoting uplifting thought and good deeds. Writings by Indian saints and scholars are regularly published in the magazine.
• Kalyana-Kalpataru (in English) is also a monthly and has been published since 1934. Its contents are similar to Kalyan. Neither of these magazines runs any advertisements.

The Geeta Press publishes following texts

• Shrimad Bhagvad Gita (several formats)
• The Mahabharata
• Shri Ramcharitmanas by Tulsidas (several formats), Telugu version (2002) [3]
• Other works by Tulsidas
• Valmiki Ramayana (several formats)
• Scriptures (Puranas, Upanishads and others)
• Works by Soordas

It has a small Bhagavath Gita which costs Rs.4/- which is very popular. These texts are published in Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi, English, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, Bengali, Oriya and other languages of India.

The Press was the first to publish the text as a book; prior to this the Gita existed solely in the oral tradition of the Brahmin.Gita press holds a place in the Guinness book of world reecords as the largest publisher of religious books in the world in terms of volume. The publishing company is located in a building with marble walls inscribed with the 18 chapters of the Gita, and hung with paintings depicting the lives of Rama and Krishna.

Transport

Railways

Gorakhpur railway station is the headquarters of India's North Eastern Railway. It connects to almost every major city in India. Direct trains connect to Hyderabad, Chennai, Agra, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Ujjain, Jaipur, Ahmedabad, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Bangalore, Delhi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Kanpur Central, Kanpur Anwarganj, Govindpuri, Unnao, Varanasi, Amritsar, Jammu, Pune, Guwahati, Nagpur and other distant parts of the nation. The station offers Class A railway station facilities.

The city is served by seven Railway stations-

• Gorakhpur Junction
• Gorakhpur Cantt.
• Domingarh
• Sahjanwan (for GIDA)
• Nakaha Jungle
• Chauri Chaura
• Sardar nagar

Roadways

Major national highways intersect at Gorakhpur, including NH 28 and 29. Some important distances are: Kushinagar 50 km, Kanpur 359 km,Lucknow 276 km, Varanasi 231 km, Allahabad 339 km, Agra 624 km, Delhi 783 km, Kolkata 770 km, Gwalior 730 km, Bhopal 922 km and Mumbai 1690 km. Frequent bus services are available for most of these cities. Considerable improvement in this aspect is expected after the completion of the east-west corridor road project that enhances Gorakhpur's road connectivity.

Airlines

Gorakhpur is served by an airport located 6 km east from the city centre. It caters primarily to Indian Air Force traffic. A small number of domestic airlines operate civil aviation services to Delhi, Mumbai and elsewhere. Gorakhpur is also host to many tourists who use it as a hub to travel to Lord Buddha's pilgrimage sites. Actually gorakhpur airport is INDIAN AIR FORCE base. It,s main constituents are two squadrons of spectat jaguar jet fighter planes.Gorakhpur airport is also known as kasiya airport.It mainly serves for IAF planes and some private planes to some extent.Here security is very high.Entrance to the airport except the passengers is very difficult.

GORAKHNATH TEMPLE

Gorakhnath is a symbol of the identity of the city. The city itself was named after Mahayogi Guru Gorakhnath. According to popular belief Guru Gorakhnath did tapasya in Treta Yug at the place where the magnificent temple stands today.The temple is built on 52 acre of land in the heart of the city on Gorakhpur-Sonauli state highway. It is not only a peeth of the Nath sect but an example of Indian sculpture. In the garbh grih of the temple, Guru Gorakhnath is depicted as an incarnation of Lord Shiva in deep meditation. His charan paduka has been kept near his meditation site.

The sacred pond (Mansarover) situated in the east has been now converted into a boating place by the temple thorities.

The temple literature reveals that the temple structure and shape was changed from time to tme. It is also said that several attempts were made to demolish the temple during Mughal period. The present form of the teple was conceptualised by late Mahant Digvijaynath and present head priest of the temple Mahant Aveiydyanath.

Though large number of devotees of guru Gorakhnath visits the temple every day but their number increase many folds on every Tuesday and Saturday. Thousands od devotees assemble in the temple premises during the famous Khichari mela (January 14 onwards) which is the main festival of the temple. http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/35375832.jpg

Leela Chitra Mandir, Geeta Press

Leela Chitra Mandir^[12] situated in a magnificent hall in the premises of Geeta Press^[13] exhibits the pictorial are trend of the country from time to time. There are approximately 700 pictures (including paintings) related to earthy sojourn and pastimes of Lord Rama and Krishna. During the Gita Jayanti week this Chitra Mandir is decorated tastefully.

Also a must see is the lovely statue of Lord Krishna on a chariot delivering a semron to Arjun. Situated in the old city, Gita press is not only a press for publishing books but a mission conceived by late Jayadajaliji Goyanka, a spiritual inclined person. It is said that he was inspired by Lord Krishna during his sadhana to live Gita, to propagate it, broadcast nishkama karmayoga and inspire people to adopt it as philosophy of life.

Satyamvad, Dharamamchar(speak truth and practice dharma)is the inscription at the main gate of Gita press which was inaugurated by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India on April 29, 1955.^[14]

Gita Press Gate, with its pillars inspired from the cave temples of Ellora, the gopuram, by Meenakshi temple, Madurai

Geeta Vatika

Gita Vatika is situated in the northern part of the city where founder editor of Kalyan, Hanuman Prasad Poddar^[15] lived for 45 years (1927–1971). Spread in a area of 5.2 acre, Gita Vatika has a magnificent temple of Sri Radha Krishna. In the temple premises samadhi of Hanuman Prasad Poddar, his wife and Radha Baba is located. Radha Baba has established "Giriraj" in the temple premises. On the day after Diwali devotees worship Giriraj and offer "Annakoot".

Vishnu Mandir

The famous temple associated with a large Idol of God Vishnu made in 12th Century "PAL KALIN KALIN KASAUTI" Stone. Ramleela is organized on the eve of Festival Dussehera here and the procession is so grand and in a very traditional that it fetches the tourist visit in the season.

Arogya Mandir

Arogya Mandir,^[16] established by Late Sri. Bitthal Das Modi in 1940. The new and beautiful building was completed in 1961. It is approximately 2 km away from Gorakhpur city and 4 km from Rly. Station. It is made in an open area and covered with hundreds of eucalyptus and mango trees. The concept of treatment is Naturopathy.

Buddha Museum

The Govt. Buddha Museum^[17] was established on the bank of Ramgarh lake in 1987. The present building came into existence in 1997. The magnificent building of the museum constructed in Buddhist architectural style contains more than 3,500 antiques, thanka paintings and relics of Gautam Buddha displayed in four galaeries. The idea behind establishing Buddha museum was to collect, preserve, document and exhibit cultural property.

Ramgarh Taal

The cool soothing breeze all over the city may be attributed to the centrally located water body. It can hardly be defined as a 'Pond' for its regular flow and extended surface area. Adding to this is the availability of fresh water round the year unlike other water resources. Its beauty is attributed with Tara Mandal at its Southern bank. The tourists are comforted with Circuit house located near it. Buddha Museum near it offers the tourist to know and learn about Lord Buddha.

Teracotta Town

Situated AT 17 CMS from Gorakhpur `BHATHAT' a small village, which is famous for its earth(MUD) made handicrafts. Famous as Terracotta products, the products range is quite large. Being highly exported to several countries, most of the villagers are engaged in manufacturing terracotta handicrafts. Several National and International Awards have already been won by the Artists.

Chauri Chaura Sahid Smarak

February 4, 1922 the fire of infuriation engulfed foreign made clothes and textiles at Chauri-Chaura.^[18] The police force resorted to 'Lathi Charge' on the conggetion in vain. The police force fired on innocent public, which resulted to death and violence. The violent mob chased the police force; the police personnel's ran for their lives and locked themselves inside the police st ation. The infuriated mob set fire to the police station and as a result, 19 policemen were burnt alive. British government took repressive measures and 172 persons involved in Chauri-Chaura incidence were sentenced death and 14 were to be sent to Kalapani, Andman Nicobar prison cells. Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya fought against the British law and converted the punishment to death sentence of 19 and imprison for the rest of all. The shahid smarak build up in memory of the freedom fighters is situated near the railway station Chauri Chaura.

Tarkulha Devi

Enriched with natural beauty, pond, Sahid Smark and shaktijeet, Tarkulaha Devi^[19] Temple is a famous place for devotees of Hindu religion. Tarkulaha Devi was the Ishta Devi of freedom fighter Senani Babu Bandhu Singh. On the eve of Chatra Ramnavmi a one month'large fair is organized every year.

Maghar

Sant Kabir a mystic poet & a well-known saint left his mortal coil here. The great personality taught the lesson of brotherhood after death too. When the town was panic stricken with the news of death of the deity, some naughty ailments tried to make it a issue of religious conflict. But the great sole still cared for his people and in the due course of discussion between Hindus & Muslims that he will be buried or burnt, the body disappeared replaced by heap of flowers. The flowers were then divided into half and Muslims buried it whereas Hindus burnt it. Hindus built Samadhi Mandir at the very place where they burnt their flowers & Muslims made Makbara at the very place where they buried there part of flowers. This unique example of co-existence of Hindu-Muslim harmony and peace is visible today in Maghar. Behind the Samadhi-Makbara there is a cave in which Sant Kabir used to perform his deep 'Tapasya'. The present façade and shape of cave is restored by earthwork for about hundred years ago. 'Kabir-Dhuni' and 'Gorakh talaiya' are located about 1 km away from Samadhi near Kasarwal village on National Highway.

Lehra Devi Temple

It is believed that while wandering in the forest for 14 years, Pandavas lived a year in disguise. They visited the Lehra town and were offered shelter by Lehra Devi. Once Maa came to the town as a beautiful girl and wanted to cross the river. She hired a boat and started the journey but in middle of the river the boatman grew interested in her splendid beauty and went off track. As soon as Devi understood his intention she disappeared with the boat. In the Kalyug she was seen with the boat to her followers who made a temple at the very place. It is believed that if a person visits the temple for regular 5 Tuesdays, his wishes are fulfilled.

Imambara

The Imambara—abode of imams—is a well known landmark of Gorakhpur. Its history begins with the advent of Syed Roshan Ali Shah in Gorakhpur in 1774. His father Syed Ghulam Ashraf, a native of Bakhara, had come to Delhi during the reign of Modammad Shah. He fled from Delhi during one of the invasion of Ahmad Shah Abdali. He finally settled at Shahpur. His son Syed Roshan Ali Shah left him and came to Gorakhpur where he inherited a sizable land from his maternal grandfather in mohalla Daud Chak (now Mian Bazzar). He decided to build an Imambara on his land and changed the name of Daud Chak to Imamganj.

Raja Pahalwan Singh of Satari donateed mauza Kusmahi along with the jungles in 1793 for Niyaz Imam Saheb. Nawab Asif-ud-Daulah, the Shia ruler of Oudh, offer a grant of 16 villages, Rs. 10,000 cash and a silver Tazia in 1796 to Roshan Ali Shah. With rhis grant Shah built a pucca enclosure around the central Imambara and added other edifices to it.

Budhia mai Temple

The famous Budhiya Mai temple is situated in the lush and green milieu of Kushmi Jungle. Thousands of devotees throng it to offer their prayer everyday during navrati.

Kali Mandir

The very famous Kali Mandir is situated in Golghar area of the city. Although the temple is not not very big but it is the blessings of the supreme goddess and the spiritual atomosphere of the garbhgrih of the temple that fetch thousands of devotees everyda

V Park

Called as V-Park, the grand green park is situated inside the town in the east near University Area, A paradise for morning walkers, the park is governed and maintained by the administration and consist of natural trees, several fruit trees, plants etc. Plants of several varieties are also available for sale. The park also develops motherbirds of Roses of several Colours and varieties.

Education

Gorakhpur is the educational hub of North Eastern Uttar Pradesh. It has some best schools in the region.It is also worth mentioning here that Gorakhpur is the birth place of famous Saraswati Shishu Mandir^[20] of Saraswati Shishu Mandir group of schools.It was opened in 1952 at Pakkibagh,Gorakhpur. There are a lot of degree colleges here. The city also boasts of a state university,an autonomous government engineering college,a government medical college. Apart from this, there are numerous private engineering colleges, dental colleges, pharma colleges and institutes for MBA in the city,the details of which are as follows:

Schools

• Air Force School (www.afsgkp.com)
• Mahatma Gandhi Inter College^[21]
• N E R Senior Secondary School
• Murari Children's Academy
• Govt. Jublee Inter College
• Carmel's Girls Inter College
• A D Govt. Girls inter College
• Little Flower School
• St. Joseph School
• St. Paul's School
• Central Academy
• Springer Loretto Girls Public School
• N E R Boys Inter College
• N E R Girls Inter College
• G.N.National Public School
• H.P Children's Academy
• Saraswati Shishu Mandir Sr. Secondary School
• St Xaviers Public School
• Springer Public School
• Pillar's Public School
• Sanskriti Public School
• Gandhi Shatabdi Inter College
• Maharana Pratap Inter College
• Nehru Inter College
• Rashtriya Inter College
• Abhay Nandan Inter College
• St. Anthony School
• Bright Land School*opex public school
• Ram Narayan Girls Inter College
• Maharana Pratap Inter College
• Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1,Air Force Station^[22]
• Kendriya Vidyalaya No.2,FCI^[23]
• Army School
• Divine Public Schol
• Vikas Bharti Public school
• Neena Thapa GRD High School
• Central Hindu School
• ABC Public School
• Blossom Sr. Secondary School
• Oxford Public School
• Naval's National Academy
• Netaji Defense academy
• Oxford Public School
• Maharshi Vidya Mandir
• Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
• Gorakhpur Public School
• G N National Public school
• Don Bosco School
• Woodland Academy
• S.N.S High School
• Empirical Academy Doudpur

Degree colleges

• Arya Mahila Post Graduate College, Gorakhpur
• Bhawani Prasad Pandey Mahavidyalaya, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• Islamia College of Commerce Near Jubilee Talkies, Gorakhpur
• St. Andrew's Degree College, Civil lines, Gorakhpur
• Digvijay Nath Degree College
• Saraswati Vidya Mandir Mahila Degree College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• Imambara Degree college
• Deen Dayal Upadyaay Govt Degree College Sahjanwa
• M.G. Post Graduate College
• Marwar Business college, near jhankar cinema, Ghazi Rauza
• Shyameswar Degree College, Sikariganj, Gorakhpur
• Veer Bahadur Singh Degree college, Harnahi, Gorakhpur
• Chandra Kanti Ramavati Arya Mahila P.G. College, Gorakhpur
• Bapu Degree College peppeganj, Gorakhpur.
• V.S.A.V. Degree College, Gola Bazar Gorakhpur
• Smt. Draupadi devi Tripathi PG College, Rudrapur, khajani, Gorakhpur
• J.B. Mahajan Degree College, Chauri Chaura
• Gangotri Devi Mahila Degree College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• Jawad Ali Shah Imambara Girls Post Graduate College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• St Josephs College For Women, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• Veer Bahadur Memorial Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh

Engineering colleges

• Madan Mohan Malaviya Engineering College^[24]

Madan Mohan Malviya Engineering College was founded in 1962 to provide engineering and technical education for the development of the backward districts of eastern U.P. The college runs Under Graduate Programme in Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Electronics & Communication and Computer Science. In addition to regular courses, it also runs part time Post Graduate Diploma Courses ( evening ) in Computer Application called P.G.D.C.A. and Computer Hardware Maintenance & Networking. Besides teaching & research facilities, the college provides technical know how and consultancy to various industries of this area.

• Institute of Aircraft Maintenance Engineering (IAME),Gorakhpur
• Institute of Technology and Management, Gida.
• Institute of Technology and Management for Women, Gida.
• Buddha Institute of Engineering and Technology
• Suyash Institute of Engineering and Technology
• Kailash Institute of Pharmacy and Management
• Maharana Pratap Mangla Devi Insititute of Computer Science, Technology and Management, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• KIPM College of Management
• Manyawar Kanshiram Engineering College of Information Technology
• Dr BR Ambedkar Pooja College of Pharmacy, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• Swami Vivekanand Institute Of Information and Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
• DOEACC Society Gorakhpur

Polytechnic institutes

^[25]

• Govt Polytechnic college
• Govt ITI college
• ICM college
• M.P. Polytechnic

Medical/dental colleges

• BRD Medical College^[26]

Established in the year 1969, Baba Raghav Das Medical College is 6th Medical College in Uttar Pradesh. It is named after the prominent Social Worker Baba Raghav Das, a devoted freedom fighter and Sarvadaya Leader of this area. The College is situated 8 km from the Gorakhpur Railway Station. Professor P.L. Shukla, was the founder Principal and Professor of Anatomy. This institution is affiliated ; with Gorakhpur University. The teaching hospital complex 'Nehru Chikitsalaya' came into existence in 1974. It has got 650 indoor beds and out patient departments for various disciplines of medical services. Since 1980, the College is running Post Graduate training programme also, for the degree of M.S. & M.D. in Anatomy, Surgery, orthopaedics, Obst.& Gynaecology, Ophthalmology, Physiology, Pharmacology, Pathology, Anaesthesiology, Pediatrics, Medicine, Skin & V.D. etc. In addition to these courses, it also runs diploma courses, of the above listed departments.

• Gorakhpur School of Natural Therapeutics^[27]
• Purvanchal Institute of dental sciences^[28]
• Guru Shri Gorakshnath School of Nursing^[29]

Universities

Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University

Setup in 1957, 25 thousand students at present, are enrolled with approximately 320 teachers. Apart from the general courses, the University offers courses in Bio-Technology, Bio-Chemistry, Computer, Journalism, fine Arts & Music and MBA . It is also the centre of Academic Staff College (under UGC) and Indira Gandhi National Open University( IGNOU). It produced two chief ministers of the State, Shri. Vir Bahadur Singh and Shri. Raj Nath Singh Number of faculty members have held the post of Vice Chancellor, in different Universities with dignity. The prominent Vice Chancellor of Gorakhpur University were Prof. R.P. Rastogi (BHU), Prof. Nagendra (Lucknow), Prof. U.P. Singh (Purvanchal Univ.), Dr. Vidya Niwas Misra (Kashi Vidya Peeth), Prof. V.S. Pathak, Prof. Radhe Mohan& Mishra, Prof. Revati Raman etc. It also gave Directors of Higher Education Commission, Rajarshi Tondon Open University, Secondary Education Commission

Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University,^[30] Gorakhpur with its many affiliated colleges, caters the educational needs of many thousands of students in the following streams

References

1. ^ Gorakhpur is the birth place of King Vikas Sankrityayan Ji. Gorakhpur.co.in. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
2. ^ http://depts.washington.edu/chid/intersections_Autumn_2009/Nishant_Batsha_A_Lacanian_Reinterpretation_of_Gandhi.pdf
3. ^ Famous Historical Town- Home. Chauri Chaura. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
4. ^ GIDA. Gidagkp.up.nic.in. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
5. ^ Saraya Group. Saraya Group. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
6. ^ North Eastern Railway. Ner.indianrailways.gov.in. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
7. ^ Chaurasia, Sandeep. Mechanical Workshop,N.E.R.,Gorakhpur]. Railphilatelist.blogspot.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
8. ^ No. 105 Helicopter Unit. Indian Air Force
9. ^ Gita Press, Gorakhpur. Gitapress.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
10. ^ Holy word : Cover Story News – India Today. Indiatoday.intoday.in (2007-12-20). Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
11. ^ Online Hindu Spiritual Books,Hinduism Holy Books,Hindu Religious Books,Bhagwat Gita Books India. Gitapress.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
12. ^ Online Hindu Spiritual Books,Hinduism Holy Books,Hindu Religious Books,Bhagwat Gita Books India. Gitapress.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
13. ^ बरसों से शंकाओं का समाधान करता गीता प्रेस: ख़बरें: आज तक. Aajtak.intoday.in. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
14. ^ Online Hindu Spiritual Books,Hinduism Holy Books,Hindu Religious Books,Bhagwat Gita Books India. Gitapress.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
15. ^ Geeta Vatika, Gorakhpur. Geetavatikaektirth.org (1971-03-22). Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
16. ^ [1]^{[dead link]}
17. ^ ::Uttar Pradesh Tourism, Official Website of Government of Uttar Pradesh, India ::. Up-tourism.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
18. ^ Famous Historical Town- History. Chauri Chaura (1922-02-04). Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
19. ^ Places to See. Gorakhpur.nic.in (1922-02-04). Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
20. ^ Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh – Gorakhpur Gita Press Saraswati Shishu Mandir – Uttar Pradesh Information. Uttarpradesh.org.in (2007-08-25). Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
21. ^ M. G. Inter College. M. G. Inter College. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
22. ^ Kendriya Vidyalaya, No.-1, AFS Gorakhpur. Kvafsgorakhpur.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
23. ^ KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA,KV No.-2 – FCI – Gorakhpur – U.P. Kv2gorakhpur.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
24. ^ MMMEC, Madan Mohan Malaviya Engineering College, Gorakhpur. Mmmec.net. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
25. ^ Education. Gorakhpur.nic.in. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
26. ^ Official Website of BRD Medical College Gorakhpur, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Baba Raghav Das Medical College Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur Medical College, Medical College Gorakhpur, Medical College in uttar Pradesh, UP Medical College, Medical College UP, Medical College, Gorakhpur, B.R.D. Medical College. Brdmc.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
27. ^ [2]^{[dead link]}
28. ^ PURVANCHAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCES, GORAKHPUR, ADMISSION 2012, RANKING, FEES, ADDRESS, FEE STRUCTURE, CUT OFFS, PLACEMENTS, COURSES, UTTAR PRADESH. Infinitecourses.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
29. ^ [3]
30. ^ Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur..A NAAC Accrediated B++ University. Ddugu.edu.in (2011-10-16). Retrieved on 2011-10-21.