Newcastle railway station

This article is about the National Rail station. For the Tyne & Wear Metro station, see Central Station Metro station. For
other uses, see Newcastle railway station (disambiguation).

Newcastle
Newcastle Central Station
The interior of the station
Location
Place	Newcastle City Centre
Local authority	Newcastle upon Tyne
Coordinates	54°58′07″N 1°37′02″W / 54.9686°N 1.6171°W / 54.9686; -1.6171Coordinates: 54°58′07″N 1°37′02″W / 54.9686°N 1.6171°W / 54.9686; -1.6171
Grid reference	NZ246638
Operations
Station code	NCL
Managed by	East Coast
Number of platforms	12
Live arrivals/departures and station information from National Rail Enquiries
Annual rail passenger usage
2004/05 *	5.728 million
2005/06 *	6.108 million
2006/07 *	6.230 million
2007/08 *	6.447 million
2008/09 *	7.099 million
2009/10 *	7.445 million
Passenger Transport Executive
PTE	Tyne and Wear (Nexus)
Zone	26
History
Original company	York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway/Newcastle and Carlisle Railway joint
Pre-grouping	North Eastern Railway
Post-grouping	London and North Eastern Railway
29 August 1850	Opened as Newcastle-on-Tyne Central
1890s	Extended
after 1948	Renamed Newcastle
National Rail - UK railway stations
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
* Annual passenger usage based on sales of tickets in stated financial year(s) which end or originate at Newcastle from Office of Rail Regulation statistics. Please note: methodology may vary year on year.
UK Railways portal

Newcastle railway station (also known as Newcastle Central Station, or simply Central Station within Tyne & Wear^{[citation needed]}), is the mainline station of the city of Newcastle upon Tyne, England and is a principal stop on the East Coast Main Line. It opened in 1850 and is a Grade I listed building. The railway station is connected to the adjacent underground Central Station Metro station on the Tyne and Wear Metro.

East Coast is the primary operator at the station providing Inter-city rail services southbound to York, Doncaster and London and northbound to Edinburgh and Glasgow. Other mainline services are operated by CrossCountry southbound to Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Birmingham, Bournemouth, Bristol, Cardiff, Plymouth and Reading and also northbound to Scotland while First TransPennine Express provides services to Liverpool and Manchester via Leeds. Northern Rail operates local and regional services across the North East and Cumbria, notably along the Tyne Valley Line to Carlisle via MetroCentre and Hexham, northbound to Morpeth and southbound to Middlesbrough and Sunderland while East Coast provides services to Durham and Darlington.

Construction and opening

The station was designed by John Dobson for two companies: the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway (YN&BR) and the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway (N&CR).^[1] The YN&BR merged with other companies in 1854 to form the North Eastern Railway (NER), which later absorbed the N&CR in 1862. The station was constructed in collaboration with Robert Stephenson (also responsible for the High Level Bridge) between 1845 and 1850. The opening ceremony, attended by Queen Victoria, took place on 29 August 1850. Originally named Newcastle-on-Tyne Central, the station name was simplified to Newcastle at some point between 1948 and 1953.^[2]

The original 1850 train shed and the 1890s extension on the left.

The building has a neoclassical styled frontage, and its trainshed has a distinctive roof with three curved, arched spans — the first example of its kind, which set the 'house style' for the NER's subsequent main stations, culminating in the very last major British example half a century later, the rebuilt and enlarged Hull Paragon in 1904. A portico, designed by Thomas Prosser, was added to the station entrance in 1863, and the trainshed was extended southwards in the 1890s with a new span designed by William Bell.

An underground station for Tyne and Wear Metro trains was constructed during the late 1970s, and opened in 1981. Part of the portico was temporarily dismantled while excavation work for this station took place.^[3] The metro station sees 5 million passengers a year and is the third busiest station on the system.

Layout

The station exterior, showing the portico added in 1863.

The National Rail station has 12 platforms. The arrangement is:

• Platform 1 is an east facing bay platform which handles terminating local services and also some terminating long distance CrossCountry services from the south over the High Level Bridge.
• Platforms 2 & 3 are main through platforms for East Coast Main Line long distance services. They also have train watering equipment so are used for terminating trains that return south.
• Platform 4 is used mainly for long distance services heading south.
• Platforms 5/6 share the northbound side, and Platforms 7/8 the southbound side, of the newer island platform, and are used mainly by Northern Rail services.
• Platforms 9 to 12 are west facing bay platforms for various services, including Transpennine Express and some terminating services from the Carlisle direction, and on rare occasions, CrossCountry services. First ScotRail services from Glasgow Central normally use platform 12.

Train services

Newcastle is a principal stop on the East Coast Main Line. Passenger services are operated by several companies:

• East Coast trains run south to London King's Cross via York, Doncaster and Peterborough; and north to Edinburgh Waverley, Glasgow Central, Aberdeen and Inverness.
• CrossCountry services run south to their Birmingham New Street hub via York, Leeds/Doncaster, Sheffield and Derby and onwards to Reading via Oxford; Plymouth or Penzance via Cheltenham Spa and Bristol Temple Meads; and north to Edinburgh, Glasgow and Aberdeen.
• First TransPennine Express trains run to Manchester Airport and Liverpool Lime Street via York, Leeds, Huddersfield and Manchester Piccadilly.
• First ScotRail operates daily services to Glasgow Central along the Tyne Valley and Glasgow South Western Lines via Carlisle and Dumfries.
• Northern Rail operates local and regional services; north along the East Coast Main Line to Morpeth and Chathill; south along the Durham Coast Line to Sunderland, Middlesbrough and Nunthorpe (plus a limited service via the East Coast Main Line to Darlington and onwards along the Tees Valley Line to Middlesbrough and Saltburn); and west along the Tyne Valley Line to MetroCentre, Hexham, Carlisle and Whitehaven.

Preceding station	National Rail			Following station
Chester-le-Street		CrossCountry Cross Country Route		Morpeth
				Terminus
Terminus		First ScotRail Glasgow South Western Line		MetroCentre
Chester-le-Street		First TransPennine Express North TransPennine		Terminus
London Kings Cross		East Coast The Flying Scotsman		Berwick-upon-Tweed
Darlington		East Coast East Coast Main Line		Berwick-upon-Tweed
Durham		East Coast East Coast Main Line		Terminus
				Morpeth
Heworth		Northern Rail Durham Coast Line		Terminus
Terminus		Northern Rail East Coast Main Line		Cramlington
Terminus		Northern Rail East Coast Main Line		Manors
Chester-le-Street		Northern Rail Tees Valley Line		Terminus
Terminus		Northern Rail Tyne Valley Line		Dunston
Terminus		Northern Rail Tyne Valley Line		MetroCentre

Railway infrastructure

[v · d · e]Simplified rail network around Newcastle
Legend East Coast Main Line via Morpeth Heaton Depot North Tyneside Loop via Walkergate Heaton Closed 1980 Riverside Branch via Byker North Tyneside Loop via Jesmond Manors Carliol Square Closed 1850 Tyne Valley Line via Scotswood   Newcastle King Edward VII Bridge  High Level Bridge River Tyne Tyne Valley Line via Metrocentre  Durham Coast Line via Heworth East Coast Main Line via Durham

Trains may cross the River Tyne on one of two bridges. The High Level Bridge, to the south-east of the station, was designed by Robert Stephenson and opened on 27 September 1849, and is the older of the two. Its location meant that north-south trains had to reverse in the station to continue their journey. The King Edward VII Bridge, to the south-west of the station, was opened on 10 July 1906, allowing north-south trains to continue without reversing. With these two bridges, the trackwork north and south of the river forms a complete circle, allowing trains to be turned around if necessary. The former Gateshead depot, situated next to the connecting tracks on the south side of the Tyne, mirrored Newcastle station.

The station was famed for its highly complex diamond crossing to the east of the station. This facilitated access to the High Level Bridge and northbound East Coast Main Line and was said to be the greatest such crossing in the world.^[4] The crossing has been greatly simplified in recent years, however, as the opening of the Metro brought about the withdrawal of many heavy-rail suburban services and the closure of the platforms they operated from, and removed the need for such a complex crossing. Heaton depot is to the north of the station, on the East Coast Main Line.

Gallery

• 

  The 'North Briton' express leaving for Edinburgh in 1954

• 

  Commemorative plaque inside the station

• 

  Services terminating at Newcastle

• 

  Middle of the station, showing departures board

Tyne & Wear Metro

Main article: Central Station Metro station

Newcastle station is located above Central metro station on the Tyne and Wear Metro, one of five underground stations serving the city centre. Central is an interchange between the Yellow and Green lines, and is the last stop prior to crossing the River Tyne towards Gateshead.

Preceding station		Tyne and Wear Metro		Following station
Monument towards St James via the Coast		Yellow line		Gateshead towards South Shields
Monument towards Airport		Green line		Gateshead towards South Hylton

See also

• Blyth & Tyne Railway
• Central Station Metro station
• Newcastle & North Shields Railway
• North Tyneside Loop
• Tyneside Electrics

External links

• Newcastle Central Station - Part of the 2000 art exhibition "Stephenson's Legacy." Includes old photographs of the station.

References

1. ^ Allen, Cecil J. (1974) [1964]. The North Eastern Railway. Shepperton: Ian Allan. p. 86. ISBN 0 7110 0495 1. 
2. ^ Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Yeovil: Patrick Stephens Ltd. p. 168. ISBN 1 85260 508 1. R508. 
3. ^ "Odd bits". Timmonet. 2000-12-23. http://home.freeuk.com/timarchive/html/nland_street_misc.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-25. 
4. ^ Guy, Andy (2003). Steam and Speed: Railways of Tyne and Wear. Tyne Bridge Publishing. p. 80. ISBN 1-85795-161-1.