Nucleotidase

A nucleotidase is a hydrolytic enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a nucleotide into a nucleoside and a phosphate. For example, they convert adenosine monophosphate to adenosine, and guanosine monophosphate to guanosine.

They have an important function in digestion in that they break down consumed nucleic acids.

They can be divided into two categories, based upon the end which is hydrolyzed:

• EC 3.1.3.5: 5'-nucleotidase - NT5C, NT5C1A, NT5C1B, NT5C2, NT5C3

• EC 3.1.3.6: 3'-nucleotidase - NT3

5' nucleotidases cleave off the phosphate from the 5' end of the sugar moiety. They can be classified into various kinds depending on their substrate preferences and subcellular localization. Membrane bound 5' nucleotidases displays specificity towards adenosine monophosphates and are predominantly involved in the salvage of preformed nucleotides and in signal transduction cascades involving purinergic receptors. Soluble 5' nucleotidases are all known to belong to the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily of enzymes which are two domian proteins characterised by a modified Rossman fold as the core and variable cap or hood. The soluble forms are further subclassified based on the criterion mentioned above. mdN and cdN are mitochondrial and cytosolic 5'-3' pyrimidine nucleotidases. cN-I is a cytosolic nucleotidase(cN) characterized by its affinity towards AMP as its substrate.cN-II is identified by its affinity towards either IMP or GMP or both. cN-III is a pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase. 5' nucleotidases are involved in varied functions like cell-cell communication, nucleic acid repair, purine salvage pathway for the synthesis of nucleotides, signal transduction, membrane transport etc.

References

• Hunsucker, S. A., Mitchell, B. S. and Spychala, J. (2005). "The 5'-nucleotidases as regulators of nucleotide and drug metabolism". Pharmacol. Ther. 107, 1–30.

External links

• MeSH Nucleotidases

This hydrolase article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Hydrolase stubs EC 3.1.3 Chemical pathology Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат Faris Krokos Look at other dictionaries: nucléotidase — ● nucléotidase nom féminin Enzyme qui catalyse spécifiquement l hydrolyse des nucléotides en nucléosides …   Encyclopédie Universelle nucleotidase — (= 5&’ nucleotidase) Enzyme that cleaves the 5 monoester linkage of nucleotides, and thus converts them to the corresponding nucleoside …   Dictionary of molecular biology nucleotidase — nu·cle·o·tid·ase .n(y)ü klē ə tīd .ās, .āz n a phosphatase that promotes hydrolysis of a nucleotide (as into a nucleoside and phosphoric acid) * * * nu·cleo·ti·dase (noo″kle o tiґdās) [EC 3.1.3.31] an enzyme of the hydrolase class that …   Medical dictionary nucleotidase — noun Date: 1911 a phosphatase that promotes hydrolysis of a nucleotide (as into a nucleoside and phosphoric acid) …   New Collegiate Dictionary nucleotidase — nu·cle·o·tid·ase (no͞o klē ə tīʹdās, dāz, nyo͞o ) n. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a nucleotide to a nucleoside and phosphoric acid. * * * …   Universalium nucleotidase — noun Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis or a nucleotide to a nucleoside and phosphate …   Wiktionary nucleotidase — n. type of enzyme which acts as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of nucleotides (Chemistry) …   English contemporary dictionary nucleotidase — nu·cle·o·tid·ase …   English syllables nucleotidase — ˈn(y)üklēəˌtīˌdās noun ( s) Etymology: nucleotide + ase : a phosphatase that promotes hydrolysis of a nucleotide (as into a nucleoside and phosphoric acid) …   Useful english dictionary 3'(2'),5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase — In enzymology, a 3 (2 ),5 bisphosphate nucleotidase (EC number|3.1.3.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:adenosine 3 ,5 bisphosphate + H2O ightleftharpoons adenosine 5 phosphate + phosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme… …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”