- List of parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention
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The member states of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons encompasses the states who have signed and ratified or acceded to the Chemical Weapons Convention, an international agreement outlawing the production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons.
On January 13, 1993, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was opened for signature.[1] Fiji became the first state to ratify the treaty on January 20, 1993.[1] The treaty entered into force on April 29, 1997,[1] after it had been ratified by 65 states.[2] The treaty was closed for signature on the preceding day, and states that did not sign the convention can now only accede to it.[3]
A total of 195 states may become members of the Chemical Weapons Convention, including all 193 United Nations member states, the Cook Islands, Holy See and Niue. As of April 2009, 188 states have ratified or acceded to the treaty (most recently the Bahamas on April 23, 2009[1][4]) and another two states have signed but not yet ratified the treaty.[1] States that have ratified or acceded to the treaty since 29 April 1997 will have the convention come into force for their state 31 days after their deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession. Unofficially, the Republic of China (Taiwan) also abides with the treaty[citation needed][clarification needed]. State Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention are automatically also members of the OPCW. States Parties, which are currently member of the Executive Council are indicated in blue.
Contents
Ratified or acceded states
State Signed Deposited Instrument Method Entered into Force
AfghanistanJanuary 14, 1993 September 24, 2003 Ratification October 24, 2003
AlbaniaJanuary 14, 1993 May 11, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
AlgeriaJanuary 13, 1993 August 14, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
AndorraFebruary 27, 2003 Accession March 29, 2003
Antigua and BarbudaAugust 29, 2005 Accession September 28, 2005
ArgentinaJanuary 13, 1993 October 2, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
ArmeniaMarch 19, 1993 January 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
AustraliaJanuary 13, 1993 May 6, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
AustriaJanuary 13, 1993 August 17, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
AzerbaijanJanuary 13, 1993 February 29, 2000 Ratification March 30, 2000
BahamasMarch 2, 1994 April 23, 2009 Ratification May 22, 2009
BahrainFebruary 24, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
BangladeshJanuary 14, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
BarbadosMarch 7, 2007 Accession April 6, 2007
BelarusJanuary 14, 1993 July 11, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
BelgiumJanuary 13, 1993 January 27, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
BelizeDecember 1, 2003 Accession December 31, 2003
BeninJanuary 14, 1993 May 14, 1998 Ratification June 13, 1998
BhutanApril 24, 1997 August 18, 2005 Ratification September 17, 2005
BoliviaJanuary 14, 1993 August 14, 1998 Ratification September 13, 1998
Bosnia and HerzegovinaJanuary 16, 1997 February 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
BotswanaAugust 31, 1998 Accession September 30, 1998
BrazilJanuary 13, 1993 March 13, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
BruneiJanuary 13, 1993 July 28, 1997 Ratification August 27, 1997
BulgariaJanuary 13, 1993 August 10, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
Burkina FasoJanuary 14, 1993 July 8, 1997 Ratification August 7, 1997
BurundiJanuary 15, 1993 September 4, 1998 Ratification October 4, 1998
CambodiaJanuary 15, 1993 July 19, 2005 Ratification August 18, 2005
CameroonJanuary 14, 1993 September 16, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
CanadaJanuary 13, 1993 September 26, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
Cape VerdeJanuary 15, 1993 October 10, 2003 Ratification November 9, 2003
Central African RepublicJanuary 14, 1993 September 20, 2006 Ratification October 20, 2006
ChadOctober 11, 1994 February 13, 2004 Ratification March 14, 2004
ChileJanuary 14, 1993 July 12, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
China (only Mainland and
Hong Kong)[5]January 13, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
ColombiaJanuary 13, 1993 April 5, 2000 Ratification May 5, 2000
ComorosJanuary 13, 1993 August 18, 1993 Ratification September 17, 2006
CongoJanuary 15, 1993 December 4, 2007 Ratification January 3, 2008
Cook IslandsJanuary 14, 1993 July 15, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
Costa RicaJanuary 14, 1993 May 31, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
Côte d'IvoireJanuary 13, 1993 December 18, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
CroatiaJanuary 13, 1993 May 23, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
CubaJanuary 13, 1993 April 29, 1997 Ratification May 29, 1997
CyprusJanuary 13, 1993 August 28, 1998 Ratification September 27, 1998
Czech RepublicJanuary 14, 1993 March 6, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
Democratic Republic of the CongoJanuary 14, 1993 October 12, 2005 Ratification November 11, 2005
Kingdom of DenmarkJanuary 14, 1993 July 13, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
Dominican RepublicJanuary 13, 1993 March 27, 2009 Ratification April 26, 2009
DjiboutiSeptember 28, 1993 January 25, 2006 Ratification February 24, 2006
DominicaAugust 2, 1993 February 12, 2001 Ratification March 14, 2001
EcuadorJanuary 14, 1993 September 6, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
El SalvadorJanuary 14, 1993 October 30, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
Equatorial GuineaJanuary 14, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
EritreaFebruary 14, 2000 Accession March 15, 2000
EstoniaJanuary 14, 1993 May 26, 1999 Ratification June 25, 1999
EthiopiaJanuary 14, 1993 May 13, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
Federated States of MicronesiaJanuary 13, 1993 June 21, 1999 Ratification July 21, 1999
FijiJanuary 14, 1993 January 20, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997
FinlandJanuary 14, 1993 February 7, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
FranceJanuary 13, 1993 March 2, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
GabonJanuary 13, 1993 September 8, 2000 Ratification October 8, 2000
GambiaJanuary 13, 1993 May 19, 1998 Ratification June 18, 1998
GeorgiaJanuary 14, 1993 November 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
GermanyJanuary 13, 1993 August 12, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
GhanaJanuary 14, 1993 July 9, 1997 Ratification August 8, 1997
GreeceJanuary 13, 1993 December 22, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
GrenadaApril 9, 1997 June 3, 2005 Ratification July 3, 2005
GuatemalaJanuary 14, 1993 February 12, 2003 Ratification March 14, 2003
GuineaJanuary 14, 1993 June 9, 1997 Ratification July 9, 1997
Guinea-BissauJanuary 14, 1993 May 20, 2008 Ratification June 19, 2008
GuyanaOctober 6, 1993 September 12, 1997 Ratification October 12, 1997
HaitiJanuary 14, 1993 February 22, 2006 Ratification March 24, 2006
Holy SeeJanuary 14, 1993 May 12, 1999 Ratification June 11, 1999
HondurasJanuary 13, 1993 August 29, 2005 Ratification September 28, 2005
HungaryJanuary 13, 1993 October 31, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
IcelandJanuary 13, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
IndiaJanuary 14, 1993 September 3, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
IndonesiaJanuary 13, 1993 November 12, 1998 Ratification December 12, 1998
IranJanuary 13, 1993 November 3, 1997 Ratification December 3, 1997
IraqJanuary 13, 2009 Accession February 12, 2009
IrelandJanuary 14, 1993 June 24, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
ItalyJanuary 13, 1993 December 8, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
JamaicaApril 18, 1997 September 8, 2000 Ratification October 8, 2000
JapanJanuary 13, 1993 September 15, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
JordanOctober 29, 1997 Accession November 28, 1997
KazakhstanJanuary 14, 1993 March 23, 2000 Ratification April 22, 2000
KenyaJanuary 15, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
KiribatiSeptember 7, 2000 Accession October 7, 2000
KuwaitJanuary 27, 1993 May 29, 1997 Ratification June 28, 1997
KyrgyzstanFebruary 22, 1993 September 29, 2003 Ratification October 29, 2003
LaosMay 13, 1993 February 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
LatviaMay 6, 1993 July 23, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
LebanonNovember 20, 2008 Accession December 20, 2008
LesothoDecember 7, 1994 December 7, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
LiberiaJanuary 15, 1993 February 23, 2006 Ratification March 25, 2006
LibyaJanuary 6, 2004 Accession February 5, 2004
LiechtensteinJuly 21, 1993 November 24, 1999 Ratification December 24, 1999
LithuaniaJanuary 13, 1993 April 15, 1998 Ratification May 15, 1998
LuxembourgJanuary 13, 1993 April 15, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
MacedoniaJune 20, 1997 Accession July 20, 1997
MadagascarJanuary 15, 1993 October 20, 2004 Ratification November 19, 2004
MalawiJanuary 14, 1993 June 11, 1998 Ratification July 11, 1998
MalaysiaJanuary 13, 1993 April 20, 2000 Ratification May 20, 2000
MaldivesOctober 1, 1993 May 31, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
MaliJanuary 13, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
MaltaJanuary 13, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
Marshall IslandsJanuary 13, 1993 May 19, 2004 Ratification June 18, 2004
MauritaniaJanuary 13, 1993 February 9, 1998 Ratification March 11, 1998
MauritiusJanuary 14, 1993 February 9, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997
MexicoJanuary 13, 1993 August 29, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
MoldovaJanuary 13, 1993 July 8, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
MonacoJanuary 13, 1993 June 1, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
MongoliaJanuary 14, 1993 January 17, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
MontenegroOctober 23, 2006 Accession June 3, 2006
MoroccoJanuary 13, 1993 December 28, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
MozambiqueAugust 15, 2000 Accession September 14, 2000
NamibiaJanuary 13, 1993 November 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
NauruJanuary 13, 1993 November 12, 2001 Ratification December 12, 2001
NepalJanuary 19, 1993 November 18, 1997 Ratification December 18, 1997
NetherlandsJanuary 14, 1993 June 30, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
New ZealandJanuary 14, 1993 July 15, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
NicaraguaMarch 9, 1993 November 5, 1999 Ratification December 5, 1999
NigerJanuary 14, 1993 April 9, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
NigeriaJanuary 13, 1993 May 20, 1999 Ratification June 19, 1999
NiueApril 21, 2005 Accession May 21, 2005
NorwayJanuary 13, 1993 April 7, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
OmanFebruary 2, 1993 February 8, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
PakistanJanuary 13, 1993 October 28, 1997 Ratification November 27, 1997
PalauFebruary 3, 2003 Accession March 5, 2003
PanamaJune 16, 1993 October 7, 1998 Ratification November 6, 1998
Papua New GuineaJanuary 14, 1993 April 17, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
ParaguayJanuary 14, 1993 December 1, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
PeruJanuary 14, 1993 July 20, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
PhilippinesJanuary 13, 1993 December 11, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
PolandJanuary 13, 1993 August 23, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
PortugalJanuary 13, 1993 September 10, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
QatarFebruary 1, 1993 September 3, 1997 Ratification October 3, 1997
RomaniaJanuary 13, 1993 February 15, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
RussiaJanuary 13, 1993 November 5, 1997 Ratification December 5, 1997
RwandaMay 17, 1993 March 31, 2004 Ratification April 30, 2004
Saint Kitts and NevisMarch 16, 1994 May 21, 2004 Ratification June 20, 2004
Saint LuciaMarch 29, 1993 April 9, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesSeptember 20, 1993 September 18, 2002 Ratification October 18, 2002
SamoaJanuary 14, 1993 September 27, 2002 Ratification October 27, 2002
San MarinoJanuary 13, 1993 December 10, 1999 Ratification January 9, 2000
São Tomé and PríncipeSeptember 9, 2003 Accession October 9, 2003
Saudi ArabiaJanuary 20, 1993 August 9, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
SenegalJanuary 13, 1993 July 20, 1998 Ratification August 19, 1998
SerbiaApril 20, 2000 Accession May 20, 2000
SeychellesJanuary 15, 1993 April 7, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997
Sierra LeoneJanuary 15, 1993 September 30, 2004 Ratification October 30, 2004
SingaporeJanuary 14, 1993 May 21, 1997 Ratification June 20, 1997
SlovakiaJanuary 14, 1993 October 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
SloveniaJanuary 14, 1993 June 11, 1997 Ratification July 11, 1997
Solomon IslandsSeptember 23, 2004 Accession October 23, 2004
South AfricaJanuary 14, 1993 September 13, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
South KoreaJanuary 14, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
SpainJanuary 13, 1993 August 3, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
Sri LankaJanuary 14, 1993 August 19, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
SudanMay 24, 1999 Accession June 23, 1999
SurinameApril 28, 1997 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
SwazilandSeptember 23, 1993 November 20, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
SwedenJanuary 13, 1993 June 17, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997
SwitzerlandJanuary 14, 1993 March 10, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
TajikistanJanuary 14, 1993 January 11, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997
TanzaniaFebruary 25, 1994 June 25, 1998 Ratification July 25, 1998
ThailandJanuary 14, 1993 December 10, 2002 Ratification January 9, 2003
Timor-LesteMay 7, 2003 Accession June 6, 2003
TogoJanuary 13, 1993 April 23, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
TongaMay 29, 2003 Accession June 28, 2003
Trinidad and TobagoJune 24, 1997 Accession July 24, 1997
TunisiaJanuary 13, 1993 April 15, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
TurkeyJanuary 14, 1993 May 12, 1997 Ratification June 11, 1997
TurkmenistanOctober 12, 1993 September 29, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
TuvaluJanuary 19, 2004 Accession February 18, 2004
UgandaJanuary 14, 1993 November 30, 2001 Ratification December 30, 2001
UkraineJanuary 13, 1993 October 16, 1998 Ratification November 15, 1998
United Arab EmiratesFebruary 2, 1993 November 28, 2000 Ratification December 28, 2000
United KingdomJanuary 13, 1993 May 13, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
United StatesJanuary 13, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997
UruguayJanuary 15, 1993 October 6, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997
UzbekistanNovember 24, 1995 July 23, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997
VanuatuSeptember 16, 2005 Accession October 16, 2005
VenezuelaJanuary 14, 1993 December 3, 1997 Ratification January 2, 1998
VietnamJanuary 13, 1993 September 30, 1998 Ratification October 30, 1998
YemenFebruary 8, 1993 October 2, 2000 Ratification November 1, 2000
ZambiaJanuary 13, 1993 February 9, 2001 Ratification March 11, 2001
ZimbabweJanuary 13, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 States that have signed but not ratified
State Signed
BurmaJanuary 14, 1993
IsraelJanuary 13, 1993 Non-signatory states
State
Angola
Egypt
North Korea
Somalia
SyriaStatus unknown
South SudanAfter the independence of South Sudan from Sudan it is unclear if it will and can declare to be a member by means of succession or whether it should be regarded a non-signatory state.
References
- ^ a b c d e United Nations Treaty Collection. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction. Accessed 14 January 2009.
- ^ Chemical Weapons Convention, Article 21.
- ^ "Non-Signatory / Non-Acceding States". http://www.opcw.org/about-opcw/non-member-states/. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
- ^ "OPCW Member States". Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. 2008-05-20. http://www.opcw.org/about-opcw/member-states/. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
- ^ Ministry of foreign affairs of the people's republic of China (27 May 2010), accessed 25 July 2010, The Chemical Weapons convention
External links
Categories:- Arms control treaties
- Chemical warfare
- Chemical weapons demilitarization
- Lists of parties to treaties
- Member states by organization
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