- List of parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention
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The member states of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons encompasses the states who have signed and ratified or acceded to the Chemical Weapons Convention, an international agreement outlawing the production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons.
On January 13, 1993, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was opened for signature.[1] Fiji became the first state to ratify the treaty on January 20, 1993.[1] The treaty entered into force on April 29, 1997,[1] after it had been ratified by 65 states.[2] The treaty was closed for signature on the preceding day, and states that did not sign the convention can now only accede to it.[3]
A total of 195 states may become members of the Chemical Weapons Convention, including all 193 United Nations member states, the Cook Islands, Holy See and Niue. As of April 2009, 188 states have ratified or acceded to the treaty (most recently the Bahamas on April 23, 2009[1][4]) and another two states have signed but not yet ratified the treaty.[1] States that have ratified or acceded to the treaty since 29 April 1997 will have the convention come into force for their state 31 days after their deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession. Unofficially, the Republic of China (Taiwan) also abides with the treaty[citation needed][clarification needed]. State Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention are automatically also members of the OPCW. States Parties, which are currently member of the Executive Council are indicated in blue.
Contents
Ratified or acceded states
State Signed Deposited Instrument Method Entered into Force Afghanistan
January 14, 1993 September 24, 2003 Ratification October 24, 2003 Albania
January 14, 1993 May 11, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Algeria
January 13, 1993 August 14, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Andorra
February 27, 2003 Accession March 29, 2003 Antigua and Barbuda
August 29, 2005 Accession September 28, 2005 Argentina
January 13, 1993 October 2, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Armenia
March 19, 1993 January 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Australia
January 13, 1993 May 6, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Austria
January 13, 1993 August 17, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Azerbaijan
January 13, 1993 February 29, 2000 Ratification March 30, 2000 Bahamas
March 2, 1994 April 23, 2009 Ratification May 22, 2009 Bahrain
February 24, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Bangladesh
January 14, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Barbados
March 7, 2007 Accession April 6, 2007 Belarus
January 14, 1993 July 11, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Belgium
January 13, 1993 January 27, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Belize
December 1, 2003 Accession December 31, 2003 Benin
January 14, 1993 May 14, 1998 Ratification June 13, 1998 Bhutan
April 24, 1997 August 18, 2005 Ratification September 17, 2005 Bolivia
January 14, 1993 August 14, 1998 Ratification September 13, 1998 Bosnia and Herzegovina
January 16, 1997 February 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Botswana
August 31, 1998 Accession September 30, 1998 Brazil
January 13, 1993 March 13, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Brunei
January 13, 1993 July 28, 1997 Ratification August 27, 1997 Bulgaria
January 13, 1993 August 10, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Burkina Faso
January 14, 1993 July 8, 1997 Ratification August 7, 1997 Burundi
January 15, 1993 September 4, 1998 Ratification October 4, 1998 Cambodia
January 15, 1993 July 19, 2005 Ratification August 18, 2005 Cameroon
January 14, 1993 September 16, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Canada
January 13, 1993 September 26, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Cape Verde
January 15, 1993 October 10, 2003 Ratification November 9, 2003 Central African Republic
January 14, 1993 September 20, 2006 Ratification October 20, 2006 Chad
October 11, 1994 February 13, 2004 Ratification March 14, 2004 Chile
January 14, 1993 July 12, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 China (only Mainland and
Hong Kong)[5]
January 13, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Colombia
January 13, 1993 April 5, 2000 Ratification May 5, 2000 Comoros
January 13, 1993 August 18, 1993 Ratification September 17, 2006 Congo
January 15, 1993 December 4, 2007 Ratification January 3, 2008 Cook Islands
January 14, 1993 July 15, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Costa Rica
January 14, 1993 May 31, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Côte d'Ivoire
January 13, 1993 December 18, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Croatia
January 13, 1993 May 23, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Cuba
January 13, 1993 April 29, 1997 Ratification May 29, 1997 Cyprus
January 13, 1993 August 28, 1998 Ratification September 27, 1998 Czech Republic
January 14, 1993 March 6, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Democratic Republic of the Congo
January 14, 1993 October 12, 2005 Ratification November 11, 2005 Kingdom of Denmark
January 14, 1993 July 13, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Dominican Republic
January 13, 1993 March 27, 2009 Ratification April 26, 2009 Djibouti
September 28, 1993 January 25, 2006 Ratification February 24, 2006 Dominica
August 2, 1993 February 12, 2001 Ratification March 14, 2001 Ecuador
January 14, 1993 September 6, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 El Salvador
January 14, 1993 October 30, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Equatorial Guinea
January 14, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Eritrea
February 14, 2000 Accession March 15, 2000 Estonia
January 14, 1993 May 26, 1999 Ratification June 25, 1999 Ethiopia
January 14, 1993 May 13, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Federated States of Micronesia
January 13, 1993 June 21, 1999 Ratification July 21, 1999 Fiji
January 14, 1993 January 20, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997 Finland
January 14, 1993 February 7, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 France
January 13, 1993 March 2, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Gabon
January 13, 1993 September 8, 2000 Ratification October 8, 2000 Gambia
January 13, 1993 May 19, 1998 Ratification June 18, 1998 Georgia
January 14, 1993 November 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Germany
January 13, 1993 August 12, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Ghana
January 14, 1993 July 9, 1997 Ratification August 8, 1997 Greece
January 13, 1993 December 22, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Grenada
April 9, 1997 June 3, 2005 Ratification July 3, 2005 Guatemala
January 14, 1993 February 12, 2003 Ratification March 14, 2003 Guinea
January 14, 1993 June 9, 1997 Ratification July 9, 1997 Guinea-Bissau
January 14, 1993 May 20, 2008 Ratification June 19, 2008 Guyana
October 6, 1993 September 12, 1997 Ratification October 12, 1997 Haiti
January 14, 1993 February 22, 2006 Ratification March 24, 2006 Holy See
January 14, 1993 May 12, 1999 Ratification June 11, 1999 Honduras
January 13, 1993 August 29, 2005 Ratification September 28, 2005 Hungary
January 13, 1993 October 31, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Iceland
January 13, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 India
January 14, 1993 September 3, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Indonesia
January 13, 1993 November 12, 1998 Ratification December 12, 1998 Iran
January 13, 1993 November 3, 1997 Ratification December 3, 1997 Iraq
January 13, 2009 Accession February 12, 2009 Ireland
January 14, 1993 June 24, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Italy
January 13, 1993 December 8, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Jamaica
April 18, 1997 September 8, 2000 Ratification October 8, 2000 Japan
January 13, 1993 September 15, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Jordan
October 29, 1997 Accession November 28, 1997 Kazakhstan
January 14, 1993 March 23, 2000 Ratification April 22, 2000 Kenya
January 15, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Kiribati
September 7, 2000 Accession October 7, 2000 Kuwait
January 27, 1993 May 29, 1997 Ratification June 28, 1997 Kyrgyzstan
February 22, 1993 September 29, 2003 Ratification October 29, 2003 Laos
May 13, 1993 February 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Latvia
May 6, 1993 July 23, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Lebanon
November 20, 2008 Accession December 20, 2008 Lesotho
December 7, 1994 December 7, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Liberia
January 15, 1993 February 23, 2006 Ratification March 25, 2006 Libya
January 6, 2004 Accession February 5, 2004 Liechtenstein
July 21, 1993 November 24, 1999 Ratification December 24, 1999 Lithuania
January 13, 1993 April 15, 1998 Ratification May 15, 1998 Luxembourg
January 13, 1993 April 15, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Macedonia
June 20, 1997 Accession July 20, 1997 Madagascar
January 15, 1993 October 20, 2004 Ratification November 19, 2004 Malawi
January 14, 1993 June 11, 1998 Ratification July 11, 1998 Malaysia
January 13, 1993 April 20, 2000 Ratification May 20, 2000 Maldives
October 1, 1993 May 31, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Mali
January 13, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Malta
January 13, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Marshall Islands
January 13, 1993 May 19, 2004 Ratification June 18, 2004 Mauritania
January 13, 1993 February 9, 1998 Ratification March 11, 1998 Mauritius
January 14, 1993 February 9, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997 Mexico
January 13, 1993 August 29, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Moldova
January 13, 1993 July 8, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Monaco
January 13, 1993 June 1, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Mongolia
January 14, 1993 January 17, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Montenegro
October 23, 2006 Accession June 3, 2006 Morocco
January 13, 1993 December 28, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Mozambique
August 15, 2000 Accession September 14, 2000 Namibia
January 13, 1993 November 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Nauru
January 13, 1993 November 12, 2001 Ratification December 12, 2001 Nepal
January 19, 1993 November 18, 1997 Ratification December 18, 1997 Netherlands
January 14, 1993 June 30, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 New Zealand
January 14, 1993 July 15, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Nicaragua
March 9, 1993 November 5, 1999 Ratification December 5, 1999 Niger
January 14, 1993 April 9, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Nigeria
January 13, 1993 May 20, 1999 Ratification June 19, 1999 Niue
April 21, 2005 Accession May 21, 2005 Norway
January 13, 1993 April 7, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Oman
February 2, 1993 February 8, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Pakistan
January 13, 1993 October 28, 1997 Ratification November 27, 1997 Palau
February 3, 2003 Accession March 5, 2003 Panama
June 16, 1993 October 7, 1998 Ratification November 6, 1998 Papua New Guinea
January 14, 1993 April 17, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Paraguay
January 14, 1993 December 1, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Peru
January 14, 1993 July 20, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Philippines
January 13, 1993 December 11, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Poland
January 13, 1993 August 23, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Portugal
January 13, 1993 September 10, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Qatar
February 1, 1993 September 3, 1997 Ratification October 3, 1997 Romania
January 13, 1993 February 15, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Russia
January 13, 1993 November 5, 1997 Ratification December 5, 1997 Rwanda
May 17, 1993 March 31, 2004 Ratification April 30, 2004 Saint Kitts and Nevis
March 16, 1994 May 21, 2004 Ratification June 20, 2004 Saint Lucia
March 29, 1993 April 9, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
September 20, 1993 September 18, 2002 Ratification October 18, 2002 Samoa
January 14, 1993 September 27, 2002 Ratification October 27, 2002 San Marino
January 13, 1993 December 10, 1999 Ratification January 9, 2000 São Tomé and Príncipe
September 9, 2003 Accession October 9, 2003 Saudi Arabia
January 20, 1993 August 9, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Senegal
January 13, 1993 July 20, 1998 Ratification August 19, 1998 Serbia
April 20, 2000 Accession May 20, 2000 Seychelles
January 15, 1993 April 7, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997 Sierra Leone
January 15, 1993 September 30, 2004 Ratification October 30, 2004 Singapore
January 14, 1993 May 21, 1997 Ratification June 20, 1997 Slovakia
January 14, 1993 October 27, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Slovenia
January 14, 1993 June 11, 1997 Ratification July 11, 1997 Solomon Islands
September 23, 2004 Accession October 23, 2004 South Africa
January 14, 1993 September 13, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 South Korea
January 14, 1993 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Spain
January 13, 1993 August 3, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Sri Lanka
January 14, 1993 August 19, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Sudan
May 24, 1999 Accession June 23, 1999 Suriname
April 28, 1997 April 28, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Swaziland
September 23, 1993 November 20, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Sweden
January 13, 1993 June 17, 1993 Ratification April 29, 1997 Switzerland
January 14, 1993 March 10, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Tajikistan
January 14, 1993 January 11, 1995 Ratification April 29, 1997 Tanzania
February 25, 1994 June 25, 1998 Ratification July 25, 1998 Thailand
January 14, 1993 December 10, 2002 Ratification January 9, 2003 Timor-Leste
May 7, 2003 Accession June 6, 2003 Togo
January 13, 1993 April 23, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Tonga
May 29, 2003 Accession June 28, 2003 Trinidad and Tobago
June 24, 1997 Accession July 24, 1997 Tunisia
January 13, 1993 April 15, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Turkey
January 14, 1993 May 12, 1997 Ratification June 11, 1997 Turkmenistan
October 12, 1993 September 29, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Tuvalu
January 19, 2004 Accession February 18, 2004 Uganda
January 14, 1993 November 30, 2001 Ratification December 30, 2001 Ukraine
January 13, 1993 October 16, 1998 Ratification November 15, 1998 United Arab Emirates
February 2, 1993 November 28, 2000 Ratification December 28, 2000 United Kingdom
January 13, 1993 May 13, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 United States
January 13, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 Uruguay
January 15, 1993 October 6, 1994 Ratification April 29, 1997 Uzbekistan
November 24, 1995 July 23, 1996 Ratification April 29, 1997 Vanuatu
September 16, 2005 Accession October 16, 2005 Venezuela
January 14, 1993 December 3, 1997 Ratification January 2, 1998 Vietnam
January 13, 1993 September 30, 1998 Ratification October 30, 1998 Yemen
February 8, 1993 October 2, 2000 Ratification November 1, 2000 Zambia
January 13, 1993 February 9, 2001 Ratification March 11, 2001 Zimbabwe
January 13, 1993 April 25, 1997 Ratification April 29, 1997 States that have signed but not ratified
State Signed Burma
January 14, 1993 Israel
January 13, 1993 Non-signatory states
State Angola
Egypt
North Korea
Somalia
Syria
Status unknown
South Sudan
After the independence of South Sudan from Sudan it is unclear if it will and can declare to be a member by means of succession or whether it should be regarded a non-signatory state.
References
- ^ a b c d e United Nations Treaty Collection. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction. Accessed 14 January 2009.
- ^ Chemical Weapons Convention, Article 21.
- ^ "Non-Signatory / Non-Acceding States". http://www.opcw.org/about-opcw/non-member-states/. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
- ^ "OPCW Member States". Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. 2008-05-20. http://www.opcw.org/about-opcw/member-states/. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
- ^ Ministry of foreign affairs of the people's republic of China (27 May 2010), accessed 25 July 2010, The Chemical Weapons convention
External links
Categories:- Arms control treaties
- Chemical warfare
- Chemical weapons demilitarization
- Lists of parties to treaties
- Member states by organization
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