Desolation Wilderness

Desolation Wilderness
IUCN Category Ib (Wilderness Area)
Location	El Dorado County, California, USA
Nearest city	South Lake Tahoe, CA
Coordinates	38°55′11″N 120°10′12″W / 38.91972°N 120.17°W / 38.91972; -120.17Coordinates: 38°55′11″N 120°10′12″W / 38.91972°N 120.17°W / 38.91972; -120.17
Area	63,690 acres (257.7 km2)
Established	January 1, 1969
Governing body	U.S. Forest Service

The Desolation Wilderness is a 63,690-acre (257.7 km²) federally protected wilderness area located along the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, just southwest of Lake Tahoe in El Dorado County, California, United States. It is a popular backpacking destination, with much barren rocky terrain at the edge of the tree line: it has extensive areas of bare granite. Lake Aloha is a feature of the wilderness area, with shallow, clear waters sitting in a wide granite basin carved by glaciers in the last ice age. The Crystal Range is within the wilderness with Pyramid Peak as the highest point in the range and in the wilderness at 9,987 feet (3,044 m) in elevation. Among the many waterfalls within the wilderness is Horsetail Falls.

History

The location was originally set aside as the Desolation Valley Primitive Area in 1931 with an area of 64,000 acres (260 km²). In 1969, it became the Desolation Wilderness.^[1]

It is within the Eldorado National Forest and is managed by the US Forest Service. The national forests began as forest "reserves" and were managed by the General Land Office until the Forest Service came into existence in 1905.

Access

Horsetail Falls (California)

The Crystal Mountains as seen from Desolation Valley near Lake Aloha

The following is a list of trailheads that provide access to the wilderness.

The Tahoe Rim Trail and Pacific Crest Trail pass through the wilderness.

• Loon Lake Trailhead
• Buck Island Trailhead
• Van Vleck Trailhead
• Rockbound Trailhead
• Twin Lakes Trailhead
• Lyons Trailhead
• Twin Bridges Trailhead
• Ralston Trailhead
• Echo Trailhead
• Echo Lakes Trailhead
• Glen Alpine Trailhead
• Mount Tallac Trailhead
• Bayview Trailhead
• Eagle Falls Trailhead
• Meeks Bay Trailhead
• Horsetail Falls Trailhead

Permits are required for both day use and overnight camping. In the summer, a quota system is used to limit the number of visitors on any given day in the wilderness. Desolation Wilderness is one of the most heavily used protected areas in the United States.

Biology

The Desolation Wilderness provides a home for many species of plants, fish and wildlife.

Desolation Wilderness supports predominantly Red Fir and Lodgepole Pine forests with associated species such as Jeffrey Pine, Mountain Hemlock, Western Juniper, and Western White Pine. Most forested areas occur between 7,400-9,000 foot (2250–2750 m) elevations, becoming patchy to rare at higher elevations. These hardy trees take root in excessively rocky and often nutrient-poor soils. As much of the ground surface in Desolation is bedrock granite: soils are limited. Decomposed granite accumulations are often shallow deposits within glacially scoured basins. The most extensive forested areas are found on moist soils bordering lakes, streams, and meadows. The limited tree cover in Desolation is valuable for watershed protection, wildlife habitat, and esthetics.

The sparse woodlands of widely scattered western junipers and lodgepole pines are interrupted by patches of montaine chaparral species such as Pinemat Manzanita, Huckleberry Oak, and Mountain Pride Penstemon clinging to the expanses of barren rock. There are many wet meadows throughout the wilderness, each unique due to the differences in elevation, exposure, soil composition and soil depth, resulting in a wide diversity of annual and perennial plant life. A variety of wildflower species, sedges, and grasses inhabit these fragile wet areas. Aspen and Willow are common to these wetland areas.

Mule Deer are the largest of the game species found within the wilderness. Black Bears are increasingly common, with individuals being displaced from the Tahoe Basin and lower elevation western slopes into the higher country. More common, yet seldom seen, are the smaller mammals like Coyote, Porcupine, Badger, and Bobcat. Species of special interest that are very rare in the area are the Fisher, Pine Marten, Red Fox, and Wolverine.

Desolation also provides an ideal habitat for numerous alpine rodents such as the Yellow-bellied Marmot, Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel and Douglas Squirrel. Also found is a member of the rabbit and hare family, the Pika. There are also a variety of mountain birds like the Steller's Jay, Clark's Nutcracker, Mountain Chickadee, Sooty Grouse, Mountain Bluebird, American Dipper, occasional Golden Eagle, and others.

Within Desolation's numerous lakes and streams are also a variety of game fish such as the rainbow and brook trout. Excellent fishing can be had at Gilmore Lake. Less common, but also present are brown and golden trout.

• 

  California Mountain Hemlock Tsuga mertensiana subsp. grandicona on Mount Tallac trail]]

• 

  Marmot on the summit of Pyramid Peak

• 

  Golden-mantled ground squirrel near Horsetail Falls

Peaks

Snow melt drainage on the east side of Pyramid Peak

• Angora Peak
• Blue Mountain
• Crystal Range
• Dicks Peak
• Echo Peak
• Lost Corner Mountain
• Maggies Peak
• McConnell Peak
• Middle Mountain
• Mount Agasiz
• Mount Price
• Mount Tallac
• Mount Ralston
• Phipps Peak
• Pyramid Peak
• Red Peak
• Rubicon Peak
• Silver Peak
• Talking Mountain
• Tells Peak

Lakes

Spring time snow melt near Pyramid Lake (El Dorado County, California)

• Boomerang Lake
• Clyde Lake
• Dicks Lake
• Eagle Lake
• Fontanillis Lake
• Forni Lake
• Gertrude Lake
• Gilmore Lake
• Grouse Lake
• Half Moon Lake
• Island Lake
• Lake Aloha
• Lake Suzie
• Lake of the Woods
• Lost Lake
• Maud Lake
• Pyramid Lake
• Snow Lake
• Twin Lakes
• Tyler Lake
• Velma Lakes
  • Lower Velma Lake
  • Middle Velma Lake
  • Upper Velma Lake

Footnotes

1. ^ Godfrey, Anthony. The Ever-Changing View-A History of the National Forests in California. USDA Forest Service Publishers, 2005. p. 445. ISBN 1-59351-428-X

External links

• "Desolation Wilderness". Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit. http://www.fs.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsinternet/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gDfxMDT8MwRydLA1cj72BTJw8jAwgAykeaxcN4jhYG_h4eYX5hPgYwefy6w0H24dcPNgEHcDTQ9_PIz03VL8iNMMgycVQEAHcGOlk!/dl3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfMjAwMDAwMDBBODBPSEhWTjJNMDAwMDAwMDA!/?navtype=BROWSEBYSUBJECT&cid=stelprdb5157481&navid=110000000000000&pnavid=null&ss=110519&position=Not%2520Yet%2520Determined.Html&ttype=detail&pname=Lake%2520Tahoe%2520Basin%2520Mgt%2520Unit%2520-%2520Desolation%2520Wilderness. 
• "Desolation Wilderness: Trail Destinations". Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit. http://www.fs.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsinternet/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gjAwhwtDDw9_AI8zPyhQoYAOUjMeXDfODy-HWHg-zDrx8kb4ADOBro-3nk56bqF-RGGGSZOCoCAPi8eX8!/dl3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfMjAwMDAwMDBBODBPSEhWTjJNMDAwMDAwMDA!/?navtype=BROWSEBYSUBJECT&cid=stelprdb5162234&navid=110000000000000&pnavid=null&ss=110519&position=Not%2520Yet%2520Determined.Html&ttype=detail&pname=Lake%2520Tahoe%2520Basin%2520Mgt%2520Unit%2520-%2520Desolation%2520Wilderness. 
• "Desolation Wilderness". Eldorado National Forest. http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/eldorado/recreation/wild/deso/. 
• "Desolation Wilderness - Plant Life". Eldorado National Forest. http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/eldorado/recreation/wild/deso/vege/index.shtml. 
• "Desolation Wilderness - Critters". Eldorado National Forest. http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/eldorado/recreation/wild/deso/critters/index.shtml. 
• "Desolation Wilderness". Wilderness.net. http://www.wilderness.net/index.cfm?fuse=NWPS&sec=wildView&wname=Desolation. 
• "Desolation Wilderness Volunteers". http://www.wvdeso.org/.