Chp (GTPase)

Chp (GTPase)

RhoV (or Chp or Wrch2) is a small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein (more specifically a GTPase), and is a member of the Rho family of GTPases. Chp was identified in 1998 as a GTPase interacting with the p21 activated kinase PAK2 [1]. RhoV/Chp delineates with RhoU/Wrch a Rho subclass related to Rac and Cdc42, which emerged in early multicellular organisms during evolution [2]. RhoV/Chp depends on palmitoylation rather than prenylation for association with plasma and intracellular membranes [3]. In Xenopus embryos, RhoV is encoded by a canonical Wnt response gene and is induced in the developing neural crest at specification. RhoV activity cooperates with the Snai1 (Snail) transcription factor for the subsequent induction of the pro-invasive transcription factors Snai2 (Slug), Sox9 or Twist. [4]

Further reading: Rho family of GTPases

References

  1. ^ Aronheim A, Broder YC, Cohen A, Fritsch A, Belisle B and Abo A. (1998). "Chp, a homologue of the GTPase Cdc42Hs, activates the JNK pathway and is implicated in reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton". Curr Biol 8 (20): 1125–8. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70468-3. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 9778532. 
  2. ^ Boureux A, Vignal E, Faure S, Fort P. (2007). "Variability and Expression of Ankyrin Domain Genes in Wolbachia Variants Infecting the Mosquito Culex pipiens". Mol Biol Evol 24 (1): 203–16. doi:10.1128/JB.00142-07. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 1913362. PMID 17449622. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1913362. 
  3. ^ Chenette EJ, Mitin NY and Der CJ. (2006). "Multiple Sequence Elements Facilitate Chp Rho GTPase Subcellular Location, Membrane Association, and Transforming Activity". Mol Biol Cell 17 (7): 3108–21. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-09-0896. ISSN 1059-1524. PMC 1483044. PMID 16641371. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1483044. 
  4. ^ Guemar L, de Santa Barbara P, Vignal E,Maurel B, Fort P, Faure S. (2007). "The small GTPase RhoV is an essential regulator of neural crest induction in Xenopus". Dev Biol 310 (1): 113–28. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.07.031. ISSN 0012-1606. PMID 17761159. 
v · d · eHydrolases: acid anhydride hydrolases (EC 3.6)
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3-4: ATPase
3.6.3
Cu++ (3.6.3.4)
Ca+ (3.6.3.8)
SERCA (ATP2A1, ATP2A2, ATP2A3) · Plasma membrane (ATP2B1, ATP2B2, ATP2B3, ATP2B4) · SPCA (ATP2C1, ATP2C2)
Na+/K+ (3.6.3.9)
ATP1A1 · ATP1A2 · ATP1A3 · ATP1A4 · ATP1B1 · ATP1B2 · ATP1B3 · ATP1B4
H+/K+ (3.6.3.10)
ATP4A
ATP8B1 · ATP10A · ATP11B · ATP12A · ATP13A2 · ATP13A3 ·
3.6.4
3.6.5: GTPase
3.6.5.2: Small GTPase > Ras superfamily

Rho family of GTPases: Cdc42 (CDC42, TC10, TCL) • RhoUV (RhoU, RhoV) • Rac (Rac1, 2, 3, RhoG) • RhoBTB (1, 2) • RhoH • Rho (A, B, C) • Rnd (1, 2, 3) • RhoDF (RhoF, RhoD)

other: Ras (HRAS, KRAS, NRAS) · Rab (RAB23, RAB27) · Arf (ARF6, SAR1B, ARL13B, ARL6) · Ran · Rheb · Rap
3.6.5.3: Protein-synthesizing GTPase
Prokaryotic (IF-2, EF-Tu, EF-G) · Eukaryotic
B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6
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