- Observation deck
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Observation deck
The 1793 Puente Nuevo bridge allows viewing from 120 m above the floor of El Tajo canyon.Main article: Deck (building)For other uses, see Deck.The 10 m observation deck of Ronda, Spain, overlooks the Depression of Ronda plain over 100 m below.An observation deck, observation platform or viewing platform is an elevated sightseeing platform usually situated upon a tall architectural structure such as a skyscraper or observation tower. Fitted with railings or fencing for safety, observation decks are sometimes enclosed from weather, as many skyscraper decks, and may include coin operated telescopes for viewing distant features.
Contents
List of public observation decks
Further information: List of tallest buildings in the world and List of tallest towers in the worldNotable public observation decks include the following:
List of public observation decks Name Built Type Location (sorts by nation) Deck ht (m) Total ht(m) Notes 1 Shanghai World Financial Center 2008 Skyscraper Shanghai
[1] 474492.3 100th floor, decks also on levels 94 & 97 2 Canton Tower 2011 Steel Tower Guangzhou
459.2 600 Additional deck at 433.3m. 3 Burj Khalifa 2010 Skyscraper Dubai
[2] 452.1828 124th floor, outdoor 4 CN Tower 1976 Concrete tower Toronto
446.6 553.3 Two additional observation decks at 342 m (outdoor) & 346 m (indoor). 5 Willis Tower 1974 Skyscraper Chicago
412.5 527.3 103rd floor 6 Sky100, International Commerce Centre 2011 Skyscraper Hong Kong
393 484 100th floor 360 degree indoor observatory, it's the highest observation deck in Hong Kong. 7 Taipei 101 2004 Skyscraper Taipei
391.6 509.2 91st floor's outdoor observatory, it's the previous record of highest outdoor observatory in the world. The 89th floor indoor observatory is 383.2 metres (1,257 ft). 8 Empire State Building 1931 Skyscraper New York City
[3] 369448.7 102nd floor, additional 86th floor deck (320 m) 9 Oriental Pearl Tower 1994 Concrete tower Shanghai
350 468.9 14th floor[clarification needed] 10 Jin Mao Tower 1998 Skyscraper Shanghai
340.1 421.5 11 Ostankino Tower 1967 Concrete tower Moscow
337 540.1 12 John Hancock Center 1969 Skyscraper Chicago
313.8 343.5 13 Eureka Tower 2007 Skyscraper Melbourne
285 297.3 Skydeck 88 is at a height of 285 m 14 Royal Gorge Bridge 1929 Bridge Colorado
291 321 spans Grand Canyon of the Arkansas River 15 1-Altitude Gallery, OUB Centre 2010 Skyscraper Singapore
280 280 Rooftop gallery opened in 2010 as a part of 1-Altitude establishment 16 Eiffel Tower 1889 Steel truss tower Paris
276.1 324 3rd floor 17 Menara Kuala Lumpur 1996 Concrete tower Kuala Lumpur
276 421 18 Columbia Center 1985 Skyscraper Seattle
275 284 73rd floor 19 Yokohama Landmark 1993 Skyscraper Yokohama
273 296 69th floor 20 Millau Viaduct 2004 Bridge Millau
270 343 270 m clearance[clarification needed] 21 JPMorgan Chase Tower 1982 Skyscraper Houston
268.2 305.4 60th floor 22 Stratosphere Tower 1996 Concrete tower Las Vegas
266 350.2 9th floor 23 Vajont Dam 1961 Dam Erto e Casso
261.6 261.6 "disused"[specify] 24 GE Building 1933 Skyscraper New York City
259.1 259.1 70th floor ("Top of the Rock") 25 Tianjin Tower 1991 Concrete tower Tianjin
253 415.2 "observation pod" 26 Mauvoisin Dam 1957 Dam Bagnes
250 250 raised 13.5 m in 1991[clarification needed] 27 Tokyo Tower 1958 Steel truss tower Tokyo
249.9 332.6 6th floor 28 CCTV Tower 1992 Concrete tower Beijing
238 386.5 29 Q1 2005 Skyscraper Gold Coast
230 323 77th floor (SkyPoint), with the function hall on the 78th[specify] 31 Rialto Towers 1986 Office Melbourne
225 242.3 32 Sky Tower 1997 Concrete tower Auckland
220 328 33 Verzasca Dam 1965 Dam Ticino
220 220 34 Mratinje Dam 1975 Dam Mratinje
220 220 in Plužine municipality[1] 35 Westin Peachtree 1973 Skyscraper Atlanta
220 220 73rd floor 36 Prudential Tower 1964 Skyscraper Boston
[4] 213228 50th floor ("Prudential Skywalk") 37 Detroit Marriott 1977 Skyscraper Detroit
212.3 221.5 70th floor 38 Tour Montparnasse 1972 Skyscraper Paris
209 209 39 Fernsehturm Berlin 1969 Concrete tower Berlin
203.78 368.03 40 Almendra Dam 1970 Dam Almendra
202 202 41 Kölnbrein Dam 1979 Dam Malta
200 200 42 Maintower 1999 Skyscraper Frankfurt
200 240 43 Olympiaturm 1968 Concrete tower Munich
192 291 44 Gateway Arch 1965 steel/concrete St Louis
~ 185192 [citation needed] 45 Bitexco Financial Tower 2010 Skyscraper Ho Chi Minh City
181 262.5 47th floor 46 Tower of the Americas 1968 Concrete tower San Antonio
176.0 229.0 47 Olympic Stadium 1987 Concrete tower Montreal
175 175 48 Rheinturm 1982 Concrete tower Düsseldorf
174.5 240.5 49 Carew Tower 1931 Skyscraper Cincinnati
171.3 175.0 roof observation deck 50 Reunion Tower 1978 Concrete tower Dallas
170.7 170.7 51 Petronas Tower 1998 Steel tower Kuala Lumpur
170.0 452.9 skybridge between the two towers on 41st and 42nd floors 52 Space Needle 1962 Steel tower Seattle
158.5 184.4 53 Calgary Tower 1968 Concrete tower Calgary
157.5 190.8 54 Las Vegas Eiffel Tower 1999 Steel tower Paradise
140.2 164.6 ½ scale (originally to be full-sized)[citation needed] 55 Foshay Tower 1929 Skyscraper Minneapolis
136.2 185 30th floor 56 Custom House Tower 1915 Skyscraper Boston
136 151 26th floor 57 Avala Tower 2009 Concrete tower Belgrade
135 204.5 58 Kansas City City Hall 1937 Skyscraper Kansas City
135 151 30th floor 59 Penobscot Observatory 2007 bridge tower Penobscot R
[5] 133136 3rd level (1st & 2nd levels @ 122 & 128 m) 60 Edifice Marie-Guyart 1972 Skyscraper Quebec City
126.5 126.5 31st floor 61 Smith Tower 1914 Skyscraper Seattle
122 141 35th floor 62 Kuwait viewing sphere 1979 Concrete tower Kuwait City
120 187 (1990 Liberation Tower of ~300 m is not open to public) 63 National Monument (Indonesia) 1975 Obelisk Monument Jakarta
115 132 64 KölnTriangle 2006 Skyscraper Cologne
103.2 103.2 29th floor[6] 65 Faro de Moncloa 1992 Concrete Tower Madrid
90 110 66 Statue of Liberty 1886 Statue Liberty Island
80 [7] 93crown level (~90 m torch level closed to public in 1916)[2] 67 Liberty Memorial 1926 Concrete tower Kansas City
66 66 68 Coit Tower 1933 Concrete tower San Francisco
64 64 69 Mt Washington towers[original research?] 2000 Steel Structure Pittsburgh
66 66 towers overlook Downtown Pittsburgh 70 John Hancock Tower 1976 Skyscraper Boston
60 241 Closed to the public since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.[8] List of highest observation decks by type
Type Name and Location Constructed Height Notes Enclosed Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai, China 2008 474 m (1,555 ft) Outdoor Burj Khalifa, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 2010 452.1 m (1,483 ft) On skyscraper Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai, China 2008 474 m (1,555 ft) On tower Canton Tower, Guangzhou, China 2011 459.2 m (1,507 ft) Bridge Royal Gorge Bridge 1929 291 m (955 ft) Above water level. Dam Vajont Dam 1959 262 m (860 ft) Dependant on weather and whether open to the public. Demolished One & Two World Trade Center (article), New York City, USA 1972 & 1973 420 m (1,378 ft) Destroyed during the September 11 attacks. Timeline of world's highest observation decks
This is a timeline of the development of world's highest observation decks since inauguration of the Eiffel Tower in 1889.
Held record Name and Location Constructed Height of highest observation deck Notes From To 1889 1931 Eiffel Tower, Paris, France 1889 275 m (902 ft) Two further observation decks 57 & 115 m. 1931 1973 Empire State Building, New York City, USA 1931 369 m (1,211 ft)[3] A second observation deck is located on the 86th floor at 320 metres above ground. 1973 1974 World Trade Center, New York City, USA (article) 1973 399.4 m (1,310 ft) Indoor observatory on the 107th floor of South Tower opened on April 4, 1973. Destroyed during the September 11 attacks. 1974 1975 Willis Tower, Chicago, USA 1974 412.4 m (1,353 ft) 103rd floor observation deck opened on June 22, 1974 1975 1976 World Trade Center, New York City, USA (article) 1973 420 m (1,378 ft) Outdoor observatory on rooftop of the South Tower opened on December 15, 1975. Destroyed during the September 11 attacks. 1976 2008 CN Tower, Toronto, Canada 1976 446.5 m (1,465 ft) Two further observation decks 342 and 346 metres above ground. 2008 - Shanghai World Financial Centre, Shanghai, People's Republic of China 2008 474 m (1,555 ft) Other observation decks are at 423 m (1,388 ft) and 439 m (1,440 ft). - Note: Higher observation decks have existed on mountain peaks or cliffs, rather than on tall structures. For example, the Royal Gorge Bridge in Cañon City, Colorado, USA, was constructed in 1929 spanning the Royal Gorge at a height of 321 m (1,053 ft) above the Arkansas River. See also List of tallest buildings and structures in the world#World's highest observation deck
See also
References
- ^ "Skyscraper Page". http://skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2010-03-27. Atlanta, Cincinnati, CN, Detroit, Eiffel, GE, Las Vegas, Sears, Seattle, Shanghai, Tianjin
- ^ Burj Dubai Facts And Figures, source: Landmark Properties Real Estate.
- ^ a b "The Empire State Building". Wired New York. http://wirednewyork.com/landmarks/esb/. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
- ^ "Prudential Skywalk Observation Deck & Exhibit". World Travel Guide. http://www.cityguide.travel-guides.com/city/16/further_attractions/North-America/Boston.html. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
- ^ "Penobscot Narrows Observatory". MaineGuide.com. http://fortknox.maineguide.com/observatory%20faq.html. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
- ^ Fact and Figures koelntrianglepanorama.de
- ^ "Statue of Liberty Facts". http://www.endex.com/gf/buildings/liberty/libertyfacts.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-27.
- ^ "Boston.com / US under attack". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/daily/14/attacks_hancock.htm.
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